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Setting Out: Equipment Used

Setting out is the critical initial process in construction projects that accurately positions all structural members by establishing reference grids and placement points using surveying instruments like levels, theodolites, tapes and stakes. The document outlines that setting out establishes orthogonal grid lines labeled with letters and numbers to precisely locate building elements according to architectural and structural plans. It then describes two main setting out methods used on site: the theodolite method which uses a theodolite to measure angles and transfer them to establish perpendicular grid lines; and the 3:4:5 method which relies on basic trigonometry.

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Malith De Silva
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6K views

Setting Out: Equipment Used

Setting out is the critical initial process in construction projects that accurately positions all structural members by establishing reference grids and placement points using surveying instruments like levels, theodolites, tapes and stakes. The document outlines that setting out establishes orthogonal grid lines labeled with letters and numbers to precisely locate building elements according to architectural and structural plans. It then describes two main setting out methods used on site: the theodolite method which uses a theodolite to measure angles and transfer them to establish perpendicular grid lines; and the 3:4:5 method which relies on basic trigonometry.

Uploaded by

Malith De Silva
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SETTING OUT

Setting out is the most critical processes in constructions project. Both architectural view and
structural design of building are directly depending on the accuracy of the setting out works.
Setting out works placed all the structural members in their correct positions. Surveying and
leveling are the two main categories of the setting out works. It is done at the beginning of any
construction.
Equipment Used

Engineers Leveling instrument

Marking pod

Pencil

String

Pegs

Nails

Steel measuring tape (50m, 5m)

Theodolite

Plumb bob

Hammer

Try square

Firstly, marking main grids both side and then all are setting outs done according to the grids flowing with
drawings. In our site main grid lines were named according to alphabetical to one side (A, B, C, D) and
numbers starting (1,2,3,4) at the other side.
In this site, basically we used two main methods
1. Theodolite method
2. 3: 4:5 methods

1. Theodolite method

Theodolite method based on instrument called theodolite. This can measure angles, fix these angles and
take those to another point. We used theodolite to take correct 90 0 angles between X and Y direction grid
lines. Also use to take correct horizontality of the grids by using 180 0 angle. We used measuring tape to
measure distance between grids. These grids marked on named timber pegs using treads.

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