Republic of the Philippines

PROFESSIONAL REGULATION COMMISSION

Manila

BOARD FOR MINING ENGINEERING

GEOLOGY

SET B

INSTRUCTION: Select the correct answer for each of the following questions. Mark
only the answer for each item by marking the box corresponding to the letter of your
choice on the answer sheet provided.
STRICTLY NO ERASURES ALLOWED.
1. To what era in the Geological Timetable does the Permian Period belong?
A. Paleozoic
C. Cenozoic
B. Mesozoic
D. Neo-proterozoic
2. What is the most important ore of aluminum?
A. Bauxite
B. Almandine

C. Alunite
D. Alumstone

3. What is the term given to a yellow variety of quartz?

A. Citrine
C. Opal
B. Aventurine
D. Agate
4. What is the term used to denote the resistance that a mineral offers to breaking,
crushing, bending or tearing?
A. Tenacity
C. Cleavage
B. Hardness
D. Parting
5. What mineral is the only important source of mercury?
A. Cinnabar
C. Melanterite
B. Realgar
D. Molybdenite
6. A part of the earths crust that has attained stability and has been little deformed
for a prolonged period. Restricted to continental areas.
A. Shield
C. Craton
B. Platform
D. Geosyncline
7. What style of mineralization is associated with hydrothermal systems developed
in volcanic and volcano sedimentary rocks in submarine setting?
A. VHMS
C. Low Sulfidation
B. High Sulfidation
D. Contact Metasomatic
8. What is a botryoidal type of texture commonly observed in vein chalcedony,
where radiating aggregates of chalcedony have a grape-like outer surface
A. Colloform
C. Cockade
B. Comb
D. Crustiform
9. Where in the Philippines is one of only two known areas of uranium
mineralization located?
A. Larap, Camarines Norte
C. Anahawan, Southern Leyte
B. Montelago, OrientalMindoro
D. Baltukan, Misamis Oriental
10. What term is used to denote sausage-shaped bodies of schist sandwiched between
layers of gneiss that are produced by plastic rock flowage triggered by
compressive stress?
A. Cleavage
C. Kinks
B. Mullion
D. Boudinage

11. What is a sedimentary structural feature in which a mobile core material is

infected through overlying, less mobile layers?
A. Diapir
C. Dike
B. Supratenous Fold
D. Sill
12. Who is considered the father of economic geology for his pioneering attempt to
classify ores in the 16th century?
A. Agricola
C. Lindgren
B. Aristotle
D. Hutton
13. What is the composition of an aqueous solution with a pH of 7?
A. Neutral
B. Acidic
C. Basic
D. Alkaline
14. What is naturally occurring mobile rock material, generated within the earth and
capable of intrusion and extrusion?
A. Magma
C. Dike
B. Lava
D. Sill
15. In the process of supergene enrichment, what is the term used to denote the
primary, sub-economic material underlying the enrichment zone?
A. Protore
C. Gossan
B. Oxide Ore
D. Leached ore
16. What type of water is generally associated with high sulfidation deposits?
A. Magmatic
C. Magmatic and meteoric
B. Meteoric
D. Connate
17. What are dark colored rocks with 60 to 90 percent mafic minerals?
A. Melanocratic
C. Mesocratic
B. Leucocratic
D. Hypermelanic
18. What are glassy rocks that contain phenocrysts in considerable amounts?
A. Vitrophyre
C. Perlites
B. Pitchstones
D. Pumice
19. Emery is black granular variety of what mineral?
A. Corundum
B. Diamond

C. Beryl
D. Quartz

20. What mineral is also called as heavy spar?

A. Barite
B. Anhydrite

C. Gypsum
D. Anglesite

21. Emerald is a precious gemstone of what mineral?

A. Beryl
C. Quartz
B. Corundum
D. Garnet
22. Which of the following minerals has the highest density?
A. Iridium
C. Platinum
B. Gold
D. Mercury
23. What is the field term used for brown earthy and hydrated oxides of manganese?
A. Wod
C. Pyrolusite
B. Psilomelane
D. Manganite
24. What variety of gypsum is fibrous with silky luster?
A. Satin spar
C. Selenite
B. Alabaster
D. Serpentine

25. What is also known as Iceland Spar?

A. Calcite
B. Anhydrite
26. What mineral is pitchblende a variety of?
A. Uraninite
B. Horneblende

27. What mineral is also called peacock ore?

A. Bornite
B. Chalcopyrite

C. Chalk
D. Quartz
C. Pyroxene
D. Platinum

C. Covellite
D. Chalcocite

28. What is the platy and metallic variety of hematite?

A. Specularite
C. Kidney Ore
B. Red Ocher
D. Mertite
29. Aside from the Lepanto Fault, what other structure controlled the deposition of
Lepantos enargite orebody?
A. Lithologic Contact
C. Schistosity
B. Angular folding
D. Bedding
30. What is a fold in which the beds thicken toward the syncline because the basin
subsided during sedimentation?
A. Supratenuous
C. Superposed
B. Flexural
D. Passive
31. What is roughly symmetrical upfold where the beds dip in all directions more or
less equally from a point?
A. Dome
C. Anticlinorium
B. Anticline
D. Geanticline
32. What kind of unconformity is exhibited by bedded rocks that rest on an eroded
surface of plutonic or metamorphic rocks?
A. Non-conformity
C. Angular Unconformity
B. Disconformity
D. Parallel Unconformity
33. What is doubly plunging syncline?
A. Basin
B. Homocline

C. Monocline
D. Isocline

34. What is an exposure of the rock beneath a thrust sheet or recumbent fold produced
where erosion has locally truncated the overlying rock units?
A. Fenster
C. Sink
B. Klippe
D. Karst
35. What is the simplest element consisting of one proton and one electron?
A. Hydrogen
C. Oxygen
B. Helium
D. Nitrogen
36. What is the most building block in the architecture of the earths crust because
nearly all the common minerals are formed from it?
A. Silica Tetrahedron
C. Basalt
B. Granite
D. Adobe
37. What law or principle in geology states that rocks formed long ago at the earths
surface may be understood and explained in accordance with physical processes
now operating?
A. Uniformitarianism Principle
C. Law of Superposition
B. Law of Original Horizontality
D. Law of Original Continuity

38. Under soil-forming conditions, which of the following minerals is least stable?
A. Biotite
C. Orthoclase
B. Albite
D. Quartz
39. In a soil profile, what is the transitional material between the zone of high clay
content and the bedrock below?
A. C-horizon
C. B-Horizon
B. A-Horizon
D. D-Horizon
40. What are long ridges of stratified sand and gravel lid down by waters issuing from
the front of a retreating glacier?
A. Eskers
C. Loess
B. Moraines
D. Kettles
41. What is the temporary lake which evaporates during the dry season in desert
areas, leaving a sun-baked floor of clay, silt and salt?
A. Playa
C. Mesa
B. Bahada
D. Bolson
42. What is crescentific variety of sand dune that is produced by constant with
direction in a sparsely vegetated desert?
A. Barchan
C. Barrier reef
B. Transverse dune
D. Falling dune
43. What is a ringlike coral reef that encloses a lagoon?
A. Atoll
C. Barrier reef
B. Fringing reef
D. Archipelago
44. What type of climatic condition is favorable for the formation of laterite deposits?
A. Tropical
C. Humid
B. Temperate
D. Arid
45. What term is used for the inclination of the crest line if a fold?
A. Plunge
C. Strike
B. Dip
D. Axis
46. What is an ancient erosion surface separating two types of rock of different ages?
A. Unconformity
C. Bedding
B. Contact
D. Joint
47. What is a slow movement of rock debris downslope in arctic and sub-arctic
regions called?
A. Solifluction
C. Debris Flow
B. Creep
D. Rock Fall
48. What is the maximum size of particle that a stream can carry called?
A. Competence
C. Suspended load
B. Bed load
D. Capacity
49. What is the limiting depth below which a stream cannot erode?
A. Base Level
C. Flood Plain
B. Sea Level
D. Graded Profile
50. Which of the following minerals contain rare earth metals?
A. Monazite
C. Morganite
B. Molybdenite
D. Muscovite
51. What is an alloy of copper and zinc?
A. Brass
B. Bronze

C. Cuprite
D. Zincite

52. Amalgam is a solid solution of mercury and what other metal

A. Silver
B. Gold

C. Copper
D. Zincite

53. What is the chemical symbol for tungsten?

A. W
B. T

C. Tu
D. Tn

54. The Philippine Fault is a ________ fault?

A. Normal
B. Right-Lateral Strike Slip

C. Reverse
D. Left-Lateral Strike Slip

55. What is the 5th planet form the Sun?

A. Uranus
B. Venus

C. Mars
D. Jupiter

56. Which rock does not belong to the group?

A. Pyroxenite
B. Dunite

C. Pillow Basalt
D. Granite

57. The Philippine archipelago is a product of what plate boundary?

A. Oceanic-Oceanic
C. Eurasia - India
B. Oceanic-Continental
D. Continental Continental
58. Which of the following is the most famous karst topography in the Philippines?
A. Mines View Park
C. Sampalok Lake
B. Mt. Makiling
D. Chocolate Hills
59. The following are products of a convergent plate boundary except
_______________.
A. Chain of volcanoes
C. Transform Faults
B. Trenches
D. Accretionary Prism
60. What is the plutonic equivalent of basalt?
A. Gabbro
B. Granite

C. Porphyritic basalt
D. Andesite

62. Increasing degree of metamorphism: ____ ?____

A. Gneiss
B. Shale

phyllite
C. Slate
D. Granite

schist

61. Andesite intrudes sandstone that makes andesite younger than the sandstone:
What geologic principle governs this:
A. Law of Original Horizontality
C. Law of Superposition
B. Cross-cutting Relationship
D. Faunal Assemblage
62. The second most abundant element on the earths crust is ______.
A. O
C. Fe
B. Al
D. Si
63. Which foes not belong to the group
A. Chert
B. Limestone

C. Evaporites
D. Sandstone

64. The famous submerged plateau at the east of Luzon is called the
________________.
A. Benham Rise
C. Philippine Plateau
B. Tibetan Plateau
D. East Philippine Trough
65. The subduction of Philippine Sea Plate to the Philippine Mobile Belt produces
the ________.
A. Marianas Trench
C. East Philippine Trough

B. Visayan Trench

D. Manila Trench

66. The earth has a complete rotation of ____________.

A. 360 degrees
C. 365 days
B. 7 days
D. 90 degrees

67. An instrument used to record the motion of the ground is called _______.
A. Seismogram
C. Seismograph
B. Seismology
D. Recorder
68. What type of fault is the Philippine Fault?
A. normal fault
B. right-lateral fault
C. left lateral fault
D. reverse fault
69. Which if the following is formed from a left-stepping, left lateral fault?
a. pull-apart basin
b. tension crack
c. pressure ridges
d. folds
70. What do you call the valley formed by a downthrown central fault block relative
to adjacent block?
A. horst
B. window
C. klippe
D. grabben
71. It is the angle of inclination of a plane measured from the horizontal plane.
A. hade
B. dip
C. strike
D. rake
72. What is the longest fault in the Philippines
A. San Andreas Fault
B. Philippine Fault
C. Valley Fault System
D. Marikina Fault
73. The 5 major gold districts in the country are found along which structure?
A. Philippine Fault
B. Manila Trench
C. Philippine Trench
D. Philippine Mobile Belt

74. The gold in Victoria Mine in Mankayan, Benguet is deposited in what structure?

A.
B.
C.
D.

vein
dissemination
dike
intrusion

75. The chromite deposit in Zambales is originally part of which layer of the Earth?
A. crust
B. upper mantle
C. lower mantle
D. outer core
76. It is a type of fold in which the older rocks are found in its core?
A. antiform
B. anticline
C. synform
D. syncline
77. It is depressed area with strata dipping inward.
A. fold
B. dome
C. basin
D. swell
78. Which of the following is not a primary structure?
A. fault
B. grooves
C. ripple marks
D. cut and fill structures
79. Most of the oil deposits in the world are found in these structures.
A. anticlines
B. faults
C. synclines
D. salt diapers
80. Which of the following is not a discordant body?
A. dike
B. sill
C. stock
D. batholith

81. What type of fault is characterized by a low angle inclination, with hanging wall
raised relative to the footwall?
A. reverse fault
B. normal fault
C. thrust fault
D. sinistral fault

82. It is the intersection of a fault surface with the surface of the earth or with any
artificial surface of reference.
A. fault plane
B. fault scarp
C. fault zone

D. fault trace
83. This rock is used in the manufacture of cements
A. shale
B. limestone
C. basalt
D. sandstone
84. What is the volcanic equivalent of gabbro?
A.
B.
C.
D.

rhyolite
granite
andesite
basalt

85. These are rocks that consist of large clasts ( clasts > 4 mm) that are angular.
A. breccias
B. conglomerates
C. sandstones
D. mudrocks
86. Using the Bowens Reaction Series, which of the following crystallizes first?
A. olivine
B. biotite
C. pyroxene
D. quartz
87. A cemented or indurated sedimentary rock with grain sizes between 0.062 and 2
mm
A. shale
B. sandstone
C. slate
D. agglomerate
88. These rocks are derived from preexisting rocks by mineralogical, textural and
structural changes.
a. Pyroclastic Rocks
b. Sedimentray Rocks
c. Plutonic Rocks
d. Metamorphic Rocks
89. A contact metamorphic and metasomatic rock lying within the aureole of an
intrusive igneous body
A. Eclogite
B. Skarn Rock
C. Greenschist
D. Soapstone
90. What is the plutonic equivalent of rhyolite?
A. Peridotite
B. Granite
C. Andesite
D. Diorite

91. Which of the following effervesces in cold acid?

A. sandstone
B. agglomerate
C. limestone
D. mudstone

92. These are extremely coarse-grained bodies that are commonly closely related
genetically and in space to large masses of plutonic rocks.
A. pegmatite
B. migmatite
C. latite
D. peridotite
93. It is a metamorphosed limestone.
A. Coquina
B. Marble
C. Granite
D. Gneiss
94. A volcanic rock that consists of 10% quartz, 8 % alkali feldspar and 82%
plagioclase is called:
A. Gabbro
B. Andesite
C. Diorite
D. Basalt
95. It is a coarsely foliated metamorphic rock.
A. schist
B. slate
C. gneiss
D. shale
96. Which of the following rock-forming mineral has the highest stability in the
weathering cycle?
A. olivine
B. biotite
C. k-feldspar
D. quartz
97. The dense volcanic equivalent of granodiorite:
A. dacite
B. rhyoliite
C. trachyte
D. basalt
98. Sphalerite can be yellow; brown or black in color and white colored when
powdered. The white color of spahlerite is called ___________.
A. Grain size
C. Luster
B. Color
D. Streak
99. Spahlerite is an important ore mineral of _____________________.
A. Lead
C. Sulfur
B. Zinc
D. Selenium

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