1

Chapter I
INTRODUCTION
Many students pursue business administration degree due
to the large scope of knowledge it can provide and the
ability to pursue occupations in a wide range of industries.
(Sanfordbrown.edu)
Marketing

management

for

instance,

according

to

Institute for Labour Studies of the Philippines October 2015

report; among estimated rate of 94.4% of employed people,
35.0% were engaged in wholesale and retail trade. As to the
total

employed

persons

in

occupational

categorymanagers

came in second (15.7%) after labourers and unskilled workers

(31.5%),

followed

by

service

and

sales

workers

(12.9%).

However, the same report indicated that the proportion of

underemployed workers in the service sector was high in
wholesale and retail trade (42.3%). Lastly, in consideration
of

the

unemployed

persons

estimated

at

5.6%22.6%

were

college graduates.
In a published article ofBoston website dating 2016;
63,000 managers and 14,000 recent graduates in the U.S were
surveyed about workforce preparedness. The results revealed
that 87% of the graduates felt ready to be employed, when
only half of the managers agreed that graduates are prepared

to be in the workforce. The managers concluded that the

paucity

of

particular

untaught

soft

skills

construed

graduates from having smooth transitional employment.

This

tracer

study

aimed

to

collect

data

regarding

general profile, educational profile and employment profile,

for the determination of the current employment status of
BSBA major in Marketing Management graduates SY 2014-2015;
to assess the quality and effectiveness of PHINMA Araullo
Universitys education programmes in producing employable
graduates,

and

indicate

any

deficits

for

continuous

improvement.
Review of Related Literature
The review of related literature served as the material
to generate supporting evidence in establishing the context
of the researchers study.

Foreign Literature
The Royal University of Phnom Penh (RUPP) Tracer Study
Report of 2014
The study was conducted by the Quality Assurance Unit with
the intent to investigate the employability of graduates. It
focused on the quality of higher education and the condition
under which the graduates have been employed and how their

areas of work are related to the programs offered by the

University. Additionally, the study was expected to help
identify which programs were still relevant to employment
requirements, and the findings of the study were to inform
future improvement as well as further studies. (Vong 2015)

The variables used in the study were as follow:

1. General

profile

disclose

the

of

the

Respondents-

influence

of

the

It

was

respondents

used

to

personal

factors in job search experience. It included the:

a. Gender
b. Marital Status
c. Enrolment Status
d. Location of Residence
2. Educational profile of the Respondents- It was used to
compare the skills attained by the respondents from the
course

of

assertion

study
of

with

weak

employment

areas

of

requirements

educational

for

the

programs.

It

Relation

to

included the:
a. Rating

of

Study

Experience

in

Employability
b. Professional Knowledge and Skills

3. Employment Profile of the Respondents- It was used to

investigate how the respondents moved from the University

into

various

perspective

of

workplaces.
respondents

It

analyzed

employment

the

broad

experiences

and

profile. It included the:

a. Work Experience during Undergraduate Years
b. Length of Time to Land a Job
c. Job Search Methods- University Career Advising Center,
University

Bulletin

Board,

Civil

University

Student

Association,

Service
Referrals,

Exam,
Job

Advertisements, Directly contacting employers, Internet

system, others.
d. Employment Status
e. Type of Employer
f. Working Hours per week
g. Salary per month

Local Literature
The Tracer Study of Polytechnic University of the
Philippines Quezon City Graduates of 2005
The study was conducted to give significant feedback and to
reconnect graduates to their Alma Mater. The study aimed to
determine the general profile, educational profile and the
employment status of the respondents which were graduates of

Polytechnic University of the Philippines 2004-2005.

The variables used in the study were as follow:
1. General Profile of the Respondents
a. Age
b. Gender
c. Location of Residence
2. Educational Profile of the Respondents
a. Honors and Awards
b. Professional Examinations Taken and Passed
c. Reasons for Taking Professional Examination
d. Reasons for Taking Bachelors Degree
3. Employment Profile of the Respondents
a. Employment Status
b. Reasons for not being employed
c. Present Occupation
d. Length of Time to Land a Job
e. Job Position Level
f. Length of Service Time
g. Location of Work

Local Literature
Tracer Study of Rizal Technological University 2014
The

study

was

conducted

to

determine

if

the

field

of

specialization of the graduates and their academic-acquired

skills

and

occupations.

competencies
Likewise,

are
the

related
findings

to

their

revealed

present

that

the

graduates possessed skills necessary to succeed, however,

expansion of tie-ups with private business entities must be
made to maintain high employability level of the graduates.
The variables used in the study were as follow:
1. General Profile of the Respondents
a. Gender
b. Marital Status
c. Field of Study
2. Incidence

of

employment,

self-employment,

unemployment

and further education among the respondents.

3. Relevance of school-acquired skills and competencies to
the respondents chosen occupations
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
The conceptual framework represented the researchers
synthesis or understanding of how particular variables of
reviewed literature connect with each other. It is the map
in pursuing investigation. (Regoniel, 2015)

McGaghie et al (2001) has put the conceptual framework

as the stage for the presentation of particular research
question.
The conceptual framework of the study adapted the

Input-Process-Output Model (IPO Model) which specified how

different input, intermediate, and output variables form
causal relationship.
Input

Process

A. General Profile of
the Respondents
B. Work Experience in
Undergraduate Years
C. Educational Profile
of the Respondents
D. Employment Profile
of the Respondents
E. Rating of Study
Experience in Relation
to Employability

Output

A. Data Collection
Distribution of
survey-questionnaire:
1. Social Media
Messaging
2. Mobile phone calls
B. Data Analysis
1. Statistical
Treatment of Data
2. Presentation,
Analysis and
Interpretation

Current Employment
Status of the
Respondents:
BSBA major in
Marketing Management
Graduates
S.Y 2014-2015

Feedback

The

above

researchers

Paradigm of the Study

Figure 1
figure shows the summative
Tracer

Study

of

BSBA

process

Major

in

of

the

Marketing

Management Graduates S.Y 2014-2015, wherein input served as

the primary element motivator; process as work stage that
transforms input to output and output as the final product.
The Input included the following:
A. General profile of the Respondents: gender, age, marital
status, enrolment status and location of residence.
B. Work Experience during Undergraduate Years
C. Educational profile of the Respondents: reason for taking
bachelors degree, honors and awards, professional knowledge
and skills, professional examinations taken and passed and
reasons for taking professional exam.

D. Employment profile of the Respondents: employment status,

reason for unemployment, length of time to land job, job
search methods, present occupation, type of employer, length
of service time, job position level, location of work and
working hours per week and salary per month.
E. Rating of Study Experience in Relation to Employability.
On the other hand, the Process included the data collection
tools: social media messaging and mobile phone calls, and
the

data

analysis,

presentation,

analysis

such
and

as

statistical

interpretation

of

treatment,
data

And,

lastly, the current employment of the respondents as output.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
The study aimed to determine the current employment
status of the respondents: Business Administration (BSBA)
major in Marketing Management Graduates S.Y 2014-2015 of
PHINMA Araullo University.

Specifically, it sought to answer the following:

1.

How

may

the

general

profile

described in terms of:

1.1 Gender
1.2 Age
1.3 Marital Status
1.4 Enrolment Status
1.5 Location of Residence

of

the

respondents

be

2.

How

may

the

work

experience

of

the

respondents

be

described in terms of:

2.1 Work Experience in Undergraduate Years

3. How may the education profile of the respondents be

described in terms of:
3.1 Reasons for Taking Bachelors Degree
3.2 Honors and awards
3.3 Professional Knowledge and Skills
3.4 Professional Examinations Taken and Passed
3.5 Reasons for Taking Professional Examination

4. How may the employment profile of the respondents be

described in terms of:
4.1 Employed
4.1.1 Present employment status
4.1.2 Length of time to land a job
4.1.3 Most Useful Job Search methods
4.1.4 Present Occupation

4.1.5 Type of Employer

4.1.6 Length of Service Time

(Continuation)
4.1.7 Job Position Level

10

4.1.8 Location of work

4.1.9 Working hours per week
4.1.10 Salary per month
4.2 Unemployed
4.2.1 Reasons for Unemployment

5. How may the rating of the respondents study experience

in relation to employability, be described in terms of:
5.6.1 Usefulness of degree to current career
5.6.2 Education relates theories to practices.
5.6.3 Helpfulness of degree to career
5.6.4 Relation of skills acquired to current career.
5.6.5 Importance of learning to Philippine context.
5.6.6 Satisfaction to the Universitys quality of
education.

(Continuation)
5.6.7 Helpfulness of degree in finding opportunities
5.6.8 Pursuing other students to take similar degree.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The researchers have related the significance of the study
to the following:

Researchers

11

The study was conducted by the researchers for them to know

the employment status of the respondents; that would serve
as a good guiding material for career pursuance.

PHINMA AU: College of Management and Accountancy

The study may provide ideas to CMA with regards to its

readiness to produce highly employable graduates. It may
also serve as a material for the assessment and evaluation
of training and teaching standards for quality education.

BSBA Marketing Management Students

The study may give the Business Administration Major in
Marketing

Management

qualifications

they

students
will

need

a
to

general
be

concept

employable

in

of
the

future.
Curriculum Planners
The study may give important feedback; so that
curriculum planners would get the idea of what curricula are
supposed to be offered to further develop BSBA Marketing
Management students.
Graduates
The study would serve as the feedback of the
graduates in relation with their employment status; by which
consequently, an important tool in assessing the quality of
skills and training they have obtained from the school.

12

Future Researchers
The study could serve as a related reference for
future researchers to the information they might need.

Scope and Limitation

The

limits

of

the

study

were

the

PHINMA

Araullo

University BSBA major in Marketing Management Graduates S.Y

2014-2015;

by

gathering

and

assessing

reliable

data,

particularly the General Profile, Educational Profile, and

Employment Profile.
There were a total of forty-six (46) respondents from
BSBA major in Marketing Management Graduates S.Y 2014-2015
for the period under study.

Chapter II
METHODOLOGY
Research design

13

The researchers utilized the descriptive approach for

the collection of data.
The Office of Human Research Protections (OHRP) defines a
descriptive

study

experimental.

as

Bickman

Any

study

that

is

and

Roger

(1998)

not

suggest

truly
that

descriptive studies can answer questions such as what is

or what was. Furthermore, Descriptive research involves
gathering

data

that

describe

events

and

then

organizes,

tabulates, depicts, and describes the data collection (Glass

& Hopkins, 1984). Consequently, Descriptive studies have an
important role in educational research; because as Ball and
Gall (1989) say, descriptive research describes natural or
man-made

educational

phenomena

that

are

of

interest

to

policy makers and educators. (AECT 2001)

Respondents of the study

The of study consisted of forty-six (46) respondents in
total, from BSBA major in Marketing Management Graduates S.Y
2014-2015 of PHINMA Araullo University.
Total Sampling was used by the researchers because the
study involved the examination of entire set of respondents
with similar set of characteristics.
Table 1
Respondents of the Study
PHINMA Araullo University
Bachelor of Science in Business Administration,

14

Major in Marketing Management S.Y 2014-15

SCHOOL YEAR/MONTH GRADUATED
NUMBER OF GRADUATES
April 2015
28
Summer 2015
16
October 2015
2
Total 46
(Source: PHINMA Araullo University Registrars Office)

Table 1 shows the number respondents from BSBA MM Graduates

S.Y

2014-2015.

Consequently

there

were

total

of

46

respondents.
Locale of the study
The locale of the researchers study was at PHINMA
Araullo

University

South,

Cabanatuan

City,

Nueva

Ecija,

Philippines.
Materials and Instruments
In the conduct of the
adapted

study,

survey-questionnaires

the

from

researchers have

Royal

University

of

Phonm Pehn Tracer Study,2014 by Vong and on Tracer Study

of Polytechnic University of the Philippines Quezon City,
2005.
The
survey

survey-questionnaire
form.

Consequently,

was

created

it

included

in

an

online-

open-ended

and

close-ended type of questions; wherein, were answered using

short or long answer texts, checkboxes, dropdown texts, and
likert

scale.

Nevertheless,

the

survey-questionnaire

has

been divided into five (5) different parts aimed at specific

objectives.

15

1. General Profile of the Respondents- This part included

questions concerning the respondents gender, age, marital
status, enrolment status and location of residence.
2.

Work

Experience

in

Undergraduate

Years-

This

part

contained necessary indicators to know if the respondents

have work experience in undergraduate years.
3.

Educational

Profile

of

the

Respondents-

This

part

included questions concerning the educational profile of the

respondents re: reasons for taking bachelors degree, honors
and

awards, professional knowledge and skills, professional

examinations

taken

and

passed,

reasons

for

taking

professional exam.
4. Employment Profile of the Respondents-This part contained
questions

that

would

gather

information

in

regards

to:

employment status, reasons for unemployment, length of time

to land a job, job search methods, present occupation, type
of employer, length of service time, job position level,
location of work, working hours per week, salary per month.
5. Rating of Study Experience in Relation to EmployabilityThis part included questions about respondents satisfaction
with the quality of education provided by the University. It
contained statements or questions which would be rated as:
1-strongly
agree.

disagree,

2-disagree,

3-agree,

4-

strongly

16

Data Collection
In the conduct of data collection of the study, the
following

steps

were

taken

into

consideration

by

the

researchers:
1. Preparation of survey-questionnaire- The researchers have
prepared

the

survey

questionnaire

based

on

the

study`s

objectives and identified variables.

2. Request for respondents details- The researchers have
requested

the

addresses

and

details

of

the

respondents

through PHINMA Araullo University registrar`s office.

3. Contact respondents- When the respondents details were
acquired, all respondents were contacted through a social
media site. Though, it was not a personal contact it was
expected to get positive responses as well as encourage
participation

because

of

networking

of

closely

related

persons from each group; in addition it may be a way to

identify

the

remaining

students

from

each

group.

Mobile

calls and messages were of preference as well.

4. Distribution of survey questionnaire- Next, data were
distributed

by

administering

the

survey

questionnaires

through social media site to readily available respondents;

for those who were not readily available, the respondents
have been directly contacted thru mobile phones.
Conclusively, the survey-questionnaire was created in

17

an

online

survey

form

to

ensure

the

efficiency

of

distribution.
5. Collection and Evaluation of Data- Finally, the results
have been collected and subsequently, presented, analyzed
and interpreted.
Data analysis
The primary statistical treatment of data used in the
study

was

the

percentile

and

frequency

method.

The

researchers would obtain the frequency of the respondents

answers. The number of observations falling in particular
class would be divided by the frequency to the total number
of all respondents and then multiplied by 100.
Below is the formula of Percentile and Frequency Method:
p=f/N x 100
p= Percentage for a category
f= Frequency or number of responses per category
N= Total number of Respondents
Supplementary, Weighted Mean statistical method has been
utilized. According to Collins English Dictionary, weighted
mean is an average calculated by taking into account not
only the frequency of the values of a variable but also the
same other factor such as their variance.
The weighted mean of observed data is the result of
dividing the sum of the products of each observed value, the

18

number of times it occurs, and this other factor by the

total number of observations.
Below is the formula of Weighted Mean:
Weighted mean = wx/w
= summation
w = the weights
x = the value
Concurrently, Likert Scale was also utilized. According
to

Business

Dictionary,

Likert

scale

is

method

of

ascribing qualitative value to quantitative data, to make it

amenable to statistical analysis.
Below is the formula of Likert Scale:
Highest Rating Lowest Rating
Number of Total Rating
For instance:
Rating of Study experience in Relation to Employability
where:
1-Strongly disagree, 2-Disagree, 3-Agree, 4-Strongly Agree
4 (highest rating) 1(lowest rating)
4(total number of rating)

Rating of
Scale
3.25-4.00
2.50-3.24
1.75-2.49
1.00-1.74
Table 2

=0.75 (used in scaling)

Table 2. Table of Equivalence
Study Experience in Relation to Employability
Verbal Interpretation Qualitative Description
Strongly Agree
Very high relation
Agree
High relation
Disagree
Low Relation
Strongly Disagree
No Relation
shows the table of equivalence used by the

researchers

in

rating

the

study

experience

respondents in relation to their employability.

of

the

19

CHAPTER III
ANALYSIS, PRESENTATION & INTERPRETATION OF DATA
This chapter presents the essential data related to
general profile, educational profile and employment status
of

the

respondents.

It

also

includes

the

presentation,

analysis and interpretation of the gathered data by the

researchers. All data were computed, treated statistically,
analyzed and interpreted.

Table 3
Survey Response Rate of the Respondents
Frequency

Percentage

(F)

(%)

44
95.65%
No Response
2
4.35%
Total
46
100%
Table 3 shows the survey response rate percentages, from the
Responded

totality of 46 respondents; where 44 (95.65%) respondents

have

responded,

Consequently,

while

majority

(4.35%)

have

have

responded

questionnaire.
Table 4
Gender of the Respondents

Male
Female

Frequency

Percentage

(F)

(%)

3
41

6.82%
93.18%

in

no
the

response.
survey-

20

44
100%
Table 4 shows the gender percentages, from the totality of
Total

44 surveyed respondents; where 41 (93.18%) respondents were

female and 3 (6.28%) respondents were male. Consequently,
majority of the surveyed respondents were female.
Table 5
Age of the Respondents
Frequency

Percentage

(F)

(%)

37
23-25 years old
5
26-28 years old
2
Total
44
Table 5 shows the age percentages, from
20-22 years old

84.09%
11.36%
4.55%
100%
the totality of 44

surveyed respondents; where 37 (84.09%) respondents were in

20 to 22 year-old age bracket, while 5 (11.36%) respondents
were in 23 to 25 year-old age bracket. Finally, only 2
(4.55%) respondents were in 26 to 28 year old age bracket.
Consequently, majority of the surveyed respondents were at
the 20-22 years old age bracket.

Table

totality

Table 6
Marital Status of the Respondents
Frequenc
Percentag
y
e
(F)
(%)
Not-Married
40
90.91%
Married
4
9.09%
Total
44
100%
shows the marital status percentages,
of

44

surveyed

respondents;

where

40

from

the

(90.91%)

respondents were not-married, whereas 4 (9.09%) respondents

21

were already married. Consequently, majority of the surveyed

respondents were not married.
Table 7
Enrolment Status of the
Frequenc
y
(F)
Fee-paying
28
Scholar
16
Total
44
Table 7 shows the enrolment status
totality

of

44

surveyed

Respondents
Percentag
e
(%)
63.64%
36.36%
100%
percentages, from the

respondents;

where

28

(63.64%)

respondents were fee-paying, while 16 (36.36%) respondents

were

scholars.

Consequently,

majority

of

the

surveyed

respondents has an enrolment status of fee-paying during

undergraduate years.

Table 8
Location of Residence of the Respondents
Frequenc
Percentage
y
(%)
(F)
Within Nueva Ecija Province
29
65.91%
National Capital Region
10
22.73%
Other Province
2
4.55%
Overseas
3
6.82%
Total
44
100%
Table 8 shows the location of residence percentages, from
the totality of 44 surveyed respondents; where 29 (65.91%)
respondents were currently residing within the province of
Nueva

Ecija,

10

(22.73%)

respondents

were

in

National

Capital Region of Philippines, and 2 (4.55%) respondents

22

were located in Tarlac and Pampanga. Finally, 3 (6.82%)

respondents were settling overseas, specifically in United
States

of

America,

Consequently,

United

majority

of

Arab

the

Emirates

surveyed

and

Japan.

respondents

were

living within the province of Nueva Ecija.

Table 9
Location of Residence: Urban/Rural Classification
Frequenc
Percentage
y
Urban
28
63.64%
Rural
16
36.36%
Total
44
100%
(Continuation)
Table

shows

the

location

of

residence

in

urban/rural

classification percentages, from the totality of 44 surveyed

responses; where 28 (63.64%) respondents were located in
urban areas (cities/states), while 16 (36.36%) respondents
were

located

Consequently,

in

rural

majority

areas
of

the

(municipalities/barangays).
surveyed

respondents

were

located in urban areas.

Table 10
Work Experience during Undergraduate Years
Frequenc
Percentage
y
Yes
3
6.82%
No
41
93.18%
Total
44
100%
Table 10 shows the work experience in undergraduate years
percentages, from the totality of 44 surveyed responses;
where 3 (6.82%) respondents have work experience, while 41

23

(93.18%)

respondents

do

not

have

work

experience.

Consequently, majority of the surveyed respondents do not

have work experience during undergraduate years.

Table 11
Reasons for Taking Bachelors Degree
Frequenc
Percentage
y
Own Preference
21
47.73%
Family/Relatives
12
27.27%
Friends
9
20.45%
Social Needs
1
2.27%
Others
1
2.27%
Total
44
100%
Table 11 shows the reasons for taking bachelors degree
percentages, from the totality of 44 surveyed respondents;
where 21 (47.73%) respondents took the degree because of own
preference, 12 (27.27%) respondents took the degree due to
influence of families and relatives, 9 (20.45%) respondent
took the degree due to friends influence and lastly, 1
(2.27%) respondent took the degree due to social needs.
Consequently, majority of the surveyed respondents have took
BSBA Marketing Management degree because of own preference.
Table 12
Honors and Awards of the Respondents
Frequenc
Percentage
y
(F)
(%)
With
8
18.18%
Without
36
81.82%
Total
44
100%
(Continuation)

24

Table 12 shows the honors and awards percentages, from the

totality

of

respondents

44
have

surveyed

respondents;

received

honors

and

where

awards,

(18.18%)
while

36

(81.82%) respondents have not received honors and awards.

Consequently, majority of the surveyed respondents have not
received honors and awards during undergraduate years.
Below is the list of the awards provided by the
respondents in the survey-questionnaire:
Best in Product Innovation
Academic Achiever
Most Dependable Officer- Junior Marketing Association
Most outstanding service leader
Table 13
Professional Knowledge and Skills of the Respondents
Frequency Percentage
(F)
(%)
Marketing
Management
General Skills
No response
Total

and

22

50.00%

22
44

50.00%
100%

(Continuation)
Table

13

shows

the

professional

knowledge

and

skills

percentages, from the totality of 44 surveyed respondents;

where

22

(50.00%)

respondents

possessed

professional

knowledge and skills in marketing management (such as events

planning, salesmanship, entrepreneurship) and general skills

25

(such

as

time

management,

communication,
respondents
surveyed

computer

gave

no

respondents

decision

making,

literacy).

Though,

response.

Consequently,

possessed

marketing

language
22

and

(50.00%)

half

of

the

management

and

general skills.
Table 14
Respondents who Took Professional Examination

With
Without
Total

Table

14

shows

the

Frequency

Percentage

(F)

(%)

23
21
44
respondents

52.27%
47.73%
100%

who

took

professional

examinations in percentages, from the totality of the 44

surveyed respondents.

(Continuation)
Wherein,

23

(52.27%)

respondents

took

professional

examinations, while 21 (47.73%) respondents did not take any

professional

examinations.

Consequently,

majority

of

the

surveyed respondents took professional examinations.

Table 15
Respondents who Passed Professional Examination

Yes
No
Total

Table

15

shows

the

Frequency

Percentage

(F)

(%)

6
17
23
respondents

26.09%
73.91%
100%

who

passed

professional

26

examinations in percentages, from the totality of the 23

respondents

who

took

professional

examinations;

where

(26.09%) respondents passed the professional examinations,

while 17 (73.91%) respondents failed to pass. Consequently,
majority

of

the

respondents

who

took

professional

examination have failed to pass.

Table 16
Reasons for Taking Professional Examination
Percentage

(F)

(%)

Credentials/Eligibility

13
8
2
23
reasons for

56.52%

Requirement

34.78%

Experience
Total

Table

Frequency

16

shows

examinations

in

the

percentages,

from

8.70%
100%

taking
the

professional

totality

of

23

respondents who took professional examinations, namely the

Civil

Service

Professional,

Examination:
Events

Professional

Management

Services

and
NC

Sub-

III

and

Licensure Examination for Teachers.

Mainly, for credentials or eligibility purposes were
the reasons of 13 (56.52%) respondents, as a curricula and
work

requirement

for

(34.78%)

respondents

and

as

for

experience for 2 (8.70%) respondents.

It can be concluded in Table 16 that the majority of

27

the

respondents

have

taken

professional

examination

to

acquire credentials and leverage eligibility.

Table 17
Present Employment Status of the Respondents
Frequency Percentage
(F)
(%)
Employed: Full Time
37
84.09%
Worker: Part Time
Self Employed
1
2.27%
Unemployed
6
13.64%
Total
44
100%
Table 17 shows the present employment status of

the

respondents in percentages, from the totality of 44 surveyed

respondents; where 37 (84.09%) respondents were employed:
full time, 1 (2.27%) respondents was self employed, and 6
(13.64%) respondents were unemployed. Consequently, majority
of the surveyed respondents were presently employed: full
time.

Table 18
Reasons of Unemployment
Frequency Percentage
(F)
(%)
Family/Personal Issues
4
66.67%
Job Issues
2
33.33%
Total
6
100%
Table 18 shows the reasons of unemployment in percentages,
from the totality of 6 unemployed surveyed respondents.
(Continuation)

28

Wherein, 4 (66.67%) respondents have family and personal

issues, while the other 2 (33.33%) respondents job issues.
Consequently,

majority

of

the

unemployed

surveyed

respondents have personal and family issues as reasons of

unemployment.
Table 19
Length of Time to Land a Job
Frequency Percentage
(F)
(%)
Less than 6 months
35
92.11%
Less than 1 year
2
5.26%
Over 1 year
1
2.63%
Total
38
100%
Table 19 shows the length of time to land a job
percentages,

from

the

totality

of

38

employed

in

surveyed

respondents; where 35 (92.11%) respondents have spent less

than 6 months to land a job, 2 (5.26%) respondents have
spent less than 1 year to land a job and finally 1 (2.63%)
respondent

has

spent

over

year

to

land

job.

Consequently, majority of the employed surveyed respondents

have spent less than 6 months to land a job.
Table 20
Job Search Methods

Methods
Directly contacting the employer
Referrals
PHINMA AU Career Advising Center
Job Advertisement
Internet
PHINMA AU Bulletin Board

Frequency Percentage
(F)
(%)
11
28.95%
10
26.32%
6
15.79%
5
13.16%
5
13.16%
1
2.63%

29

Total
38
100%
Table 20 shows the job search methods in percentages, from
the totality of 38 employed surveyed respondents; where 11
(28.95%) respondents have directly contacted the employer to
be

employed,

10

(26.32%)

respondents

have

utilized

referrals, 6 (15.79%) respondents have went through PHINMA

AU

Career

related

Advising

issues,

Centerpersonal
5

(13.16%)

counseling

respondents

have

about

job

utilized

Internet, at the same time 5 (13.16%) respondents have found

their

jobs

through

response

to

job

advertisement,

and

finally, 1 (2.63%) respondent has made used of PHINMA AU

Bulletin

Board-posts

job

related

updates.

Consequently,

majority of the employed surveyed respondents have directly

contacted the employer to be employed.
Table 21
Present Occupation of the Respondents
Frequency Percentage
(F)
(%)
Accounting Staff
9
23.68%
Sales and Service Associate
6
15.79%
Marketing Staff
5
13.16%
Human Resource Staff
3
7.89%
Cashier
2
5.26%
Inventory Clerk
2
5.26%
Bad Order Custodian
1
2.63%
Production Staff
1
2.63%
Luxury Property Specialist
1
2.63%
Business Owner
1
2.63%
Department Secretary
1
2.63%
Postal Teller
1
2.63%
Teacher
1
2.63%

30

Factory Worker
Reconciliation Staff
Disbursement Officer
No response
Total
Table 21 shows the present occupation of

1
2.63%
1
2.63%
1
2.63%
1
2.63%
38
100%
the respondents in

percentages,

employed

from

the

totality

of

38

surveyed

respondents; where 9 (23.68%) respondents were employed as

accounting staffs, 6 (15.79%) respondents were employed as
sales and service associates and 5 (13.16%) respondents were
employed

as

marketing

staffs.

In

regards,

the

remaining

respondents were employed in varying occupations.

(Continuation)
Consequently,

majority

of

the

present

occupation

of

the

employed surveyed respondents is accounting staff.

Table 22
Type of Employer
FREQUENCY
PERCENTAGE
Private Sector
35
92.11%
Public Sector
3
7.89%
TOTAL
38
100%
Table 22 shows the type of employer in percentages, from the
totality

of

38

employed

surveyed

respondents;

where

35

(92.11%) respondents were employed in private sector, while

3

(7.89%)

respondents

were

employed

in

public

sector.

Consequently, majority of the employed surveyed respondents

were employed in private sector.
Table 23
Length of Service Time
Frequency Percentage

31

Less than 6 months

10
26.32%
Less than 1 year
21
55.26%
Over 1 year
6
15.79%
No response
1
2.63%
Total
38
100%
Table 23 shows the length of service time in percentages,
from the totality of 38 employed surveyed respondents.
(Continuation)
Wherein, 21 (55.26%) respondents have a length of service
time of less than 1 year, 10 (26.32%) respondents have a
length of service time of less than 6 months and 6 (15.79%)
respondents have a length of service time of over 1 year.
Consequently, majority of the employed surveyed respondents
have a length of service time of less than 1 year.
Table 24
Job Position Level
Frequency Percentage
(F)
(%)
Higher Level
1
2.63%
Middle Level
2
5.26%
Lower Level
35
92.11%
Total
38
100%
Table 24 shows the job position level in percentages, from
the totality of 38 employed surveyed respondents; where 35
(92.11%) respondents were in lower job position level, 2
(5.26%) respondents were in middle job position level and 1
(2.63%)

graduate

was

in

higher

job

position

level.

Consequently, majority of the employed surveyed respondents

were in lower job position level.

32

Table 25
Location of Work
Frequency Percentage
(F)
(%)
Local
35
92.11%
Overseas
3
7.89%
Total
38
100%
Table 25 shows the location of work in percentages, from the
totality

of

38

employed

surveyed

respondents;

where

35

(92.11%) respondents were working locally, while 3 (7.89%)

respondents were working overseas, specifically in United
States

of

America,

United

Arab

Emirates

and

Japan.

Consequently, majority of the employed surveyed respondents

were working locally.
Table 26
Working Hours per Week
Frequency Percentage
(F)
(%)
40 hours
15
39.47%
45 hours
4
10.53%
48 hours
17
44.74%
56 hours
1
2.63%
No response
1
2.63%
Total
38
100%
Table 26 shows the working hours per week in percentages, on
the totality of 38 employed surveyed respondents.

(Continuation)
Wherein, 17 (44.74%) respondents were working for 48 hours
per week, 15 (39.47%) respondents were working for 40 hours
per week and the remaining respondents have varying working

33

hours

per

week.

Consequently,

majority

of

the

employed

surveyed respondents were working for 48 hours per week.

Table 27
Salary per Month
Frequency Percentage
(F)
(%)
P8,000 to P15,000
16
42.11%
P16,000 to P23,000
4
10.53%
P24,000 and Above
1
2.63%
Confidential
17
44.74%
Total
38
100%
Table 27 shows the salary per month in percentages, from the
totality

of

38

employed

surveyed

respondents;

where

16

(42.11%) respondents received a salary of P8, 000 to P15,

000 per month. In regards, the remaining graduates received
varying amount of salary per month. Consequently, majority
of the employed surveyed respondents received a salary of
P8, 000 to P15, 000 per month.

Table
Rating of Study Experience in
Weighted
Questions/Statements
Mean
Q29. Your degree is
very useful to your
3.63
current career.
Q30. Education done
at PHINMA Au relates
3.33
theories to practices
Q31. The degree done
at PHINMA AU helps
3.35
shaped your career
Q32.
The
skills
attained at PHINMA AU
3.38
are closely linked to
your career

28
Relation to Employability
Verbal
Qualitative
Interpretation Description
Very High
Strongly Agree
Relation
Strongly Agree

Very High
Relation

Strongly Agree

Very High
Relation

Strongly Agree

Very High
Relation

34

Q33. What have you

learnt at PHINMA AU
3.37
Strongly Agree
is
necessary
to
Philippine Context.
Q34. Satisfaction to
PHINMA AUs quality
3.59
Strongly Agree
of education.
Q35. PHINMA AU degree
provided
the
3.62
Strongly Agree
opportunities to get
a suitable job.
Q36. You wish other
students to take a
3.40
Strongly Agree
similar degree as you
did
Average
Weighted
3.46
Strongly Agree
Mean:
Table 27 shows the rating of study experience in

Very High
Relation
Very High
Relation
Very High
Relation
Very High
Relation
Very High
Relation
relation to

employability of the surveyed respondents. Consequently, the

average weighted mean of the rating was 3.46, by which
indicated

verbal

interpretation

of

strongly

agree

and

qualitative description of very high relation.

CHAPTER IV
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
This chapter summarized the findings of the study,
conclusions made and recommendations offered.
The

study

was

designed

to

determine

the

current

employment status of the Bachelor of Science in Business

Administration major in Marketing Management Graduates S.Y
2014-2015.

35

Summary of Findings
There

were

total

of

46

respondents

from

BSBA

Marketing Management Graduates S.Y 2014 to 2015.

Out of 46 respondents, there were 44 (95.65%) who
responded

from

the

survey-questionnaire,

primarily

sent

through a social media site.

A. General Profile of the Respondents

From 44 surveyed respondents, majority was composed of
unmarried female (93.18%) from the age bracket of 20 to 22
years old. Consequently, most of the respondents (63.64%)
were fee-paying and (65.91%) were living within the Nueva
Ecija province. It should also be noted that the bigger part
of the respondents (63.64%) were in urban areas such as
states and cities.
B. Work Experience in Undergraduate Years
Among the 44 successfully surveyed respondents, only 3
(6.82%)

have

worked

during

their

undergraduate

years.

Consequently, majority of the surveyed respondents do not

have work experience in their undergraduate years.

C. Educational Profile of the Respondents

Based on the findings, majority of the surveyed

36

respondents (47.73%) have taken BSBA Marketing Management by

own preference.
Regarding the educational awards of the respondents;
only 8 surveyed respondents (18.18%) have claimed honors and
awards in different academic and non-academic programs.
Correspondingly,

marketing

management

related

skills

and

general skills were considered as the professional knowledge

and skills by half (50.00%) of the surveyed respondents
Thenceforth, (52.27%) surveyed respondents have taken
professional examinations namely: Civil Service Examination,
Events

Management

Services

NCIII

mainly

to

leverage

credibility; nonetheless, only 6 (26.09%) respondents have

passed.

D. Employment Profile of the Respondents

The findings revealed that among the 44 surveyed
respondents, (84.09%) were employed: full time. However,
against the totality, 6 (13.64%) were unemployed due to
reasons concerning mainly personal and career issues.

In virtue to length of time spent by employed surveyed

respondents to find gainful employment, less than 6 months
described
(28.95%)

the
of

largest

the

part

respondents

(92.11%),
have

wherein

directly

majority

contacted

the

37

employer

to

be

employed.

Nevertheless,

(23.68%)

were

employed as accounting staffs, (15.79%) sales and service

associates

and

(13.16%)

marketing

staffsconcurrently

(89.47%) were in lower job position level. At the same

course, the largest numbers of respondents (92.11%) were in
private sector, majorly within the Philippines (92.11%).
Substantially, (55.26%) employed surveyed respondents
have a length of service time of less than 1 year with their
current employment, by which (44.74%) spent 48 hours in work
per week and majority (42.11%) have been compensated an
average of P8, 000 to P15, 000 a month.

E. Rating of Study Experience in Relation to Employability

Finally, the findings revealed that the surveyed
respondents rating of their study experience in relation to
their current employability has an average weighted mean of
3.46, which indicated a verbal interpretation of strongly
agree and qualitative description of very high relation.

38

Conclusion
From the given findings, a number of conclusions can be
drawn

about

Science

in

Management

the

respondents

Business
Graduates

of

the

Administration
S.Y

2014-2015

study:
major
of

Bachelor
in

PHINMA

of

Marketing
Araullo

University.

The following were the major conclusions:

1. The PHINMA Araullo University has built and gained the
trust of its stakeholders. Consequently, regardless of the
general profile of the graduates, most of them leaving the
University had many opportunities to get jobs, even though
they had little or no initial working experience.

2. For many years, PHINMA Araullo University has been

fostering its graduates with valuable education; such as
this, that specially selected graduates were able received
academic and non-academic honors and awards.

39

Nevertheless, as provided by a number of graduates,

marketing

skills

and

general

skills

have

been

developed

within their years of study in the University.

Taking
encouraged

of
as

professional
a

requirement

examination
and

have

way

also

to

been

leverage

credibility, though very few have passed.

3. PHINMA Araullo University has continuously strived to be

an achiever in the pursuance to produce highly competitive
and employable graduates. However, the findings have shown
that many a graduates have used job search methods such as:
directly

contacted

the

employer

and

referrals

to

be

employed; which indicated that the University has limited

role in participating to help graduates find the careers
they desired, particularly in the mode of career advising
center. Nevertheless, an essential number of graduates have
spent less than 6 months to land a job.

Significantly, majority of the graduates were employed:

full time, predominantly within private sector, in careers
that were related to the degree they have taken; though most
were in lower job level position, they have been receiving
salary ranging from P8,000 to P15,000 for working 48 hours a
week.

40

4.

The

relation

graduates
to

rating

employability

of

their

has

been

study
very

experience
positive.

in

Thus,

qualifying the quality and effectiveness of the Universitys

capability to produce employable graduates.

Recommendation
Based on the findings and conclusions of the research,
the following recommendations were formulated:

1.

Since due to the limitation as to the time when the

study

was

conducted,

follow-up

study

should

be

conducted by the future researchers to acquire more data,

specifically,

related

to

the

graduates

desire

for

further studies.
2. College of Management and Accountancy, specifically, the
Business

Administration

professors

must

emphasize

the

necessity of different professional knowledge and skills

41

such as: human relations skills, entrepreneurial skills

and critical thinking, to the graduates who failed to
reflect on theirs

3.

PHINMA Araullo University, particularly the College of

Management

and

Accountancy

should

continuously

improve

its educational programs, specifically, the professional

examination review programs, for the students to further
leverage their credentials.
In

addition,

soft

skills

training

curriculum

should

be

developed, in coordination with the Universitys Center for

Student Development and Leadership division.

4. PHINMA Araullo University, particularly the College of

Management and Accountancy should expose the interns into
a productive 600-hour on-the-job training, which will be
divided into two different yet interdependent job fields.
By

this,

graduates

can

acquire

varying

knowledge

and

skills and work experiences, which would prepare them for

their future possible employment.
5. Practical programs such as integrated seminars, lectures
and trainings focusing in finding jobs after college,

42

with

coordination

with

specific

departments

of

the

government such as Philippine Employment Services Office

should

be

conducted

students.
6. Alumni
association
graduates

to

find

for

the

focusing

benefit
in

gainful

of

graduating

helping

unemployed

employment

should

be

strengthen, specifically, in a way that the University

should provide a list of unemployed graduates to the Job
Placement Officer in Center for Student Development and
Leadership (CSDL) for further assistance of graduates who
were having difficulty in being employed.

Literature Cited
Anonymous 2005, The Tracer Study of Polytechnic University
of the Philippines Quezon City Graduates
Cruz, Ramirez, Alcantara 2014, Tracer

Study

of

Rizal

Technological University
Vong Chorvy, 2014. Tracer Study of Graduates Year 2012 of
Royal University of Phnom Pehn, Cambodia
Appendix A.
List of Students
Bachelor of Science

in

Business

Administration

Marketing Management batch 2014-2015

1.
2.
3.
4.

Aliga, Florida S.
Armina, Felipe
Bermudez, Beverly T.
Bulin, Nida J.

major

in

43

5.
6.
7.
8.

Capalad, Shelly Ann L.

Carolino, Marivic C.
Dela Rosa, Adela O.
Diaz, Rosalyn Dela Cruz

(Continuation)
9. Gatmaitan, Redelvina M.
10.
Gonzales, Lee R.
11.
Guiliermo, Nicole Kristy
12.
Javier, Lizael Ann T.
13.
Lopez, Jay-ar S.
14.
Lucero, Szadel O.
15.
Magat, Princess C.
16.
Mangalindan, Carla Jean
17.
Marcelo, Shirley A.
18.
Mendoza, Peter John U.
19.
Mendoza, Shiela E.
20.
Napuran, Honeyree P.
21.
Paynor, Joycel Marie Y.
22.
Rodiel, Karen Joy V.
23.
Sison, Rachelle S.
24.
Soro, Arlyn S.
25.
Trinidad, Caezar M.
26.
Vizconde, Suzanne Margarette S.
27.
Yumul, Jennavel M.
28.
Yuzon, Marilyn B.

Summer 2015
1. Aguirre, Christine Arlei P
2. Bernardo, Maureen Shane Y.
3. Castaneda, Jamaica P.
4. Celestino, Faith Abegail L.
5. Del Rosario, Orlean Star D.
6. Evangelista, Catherine S.
7. Fronda, Christine D.
8. Gayta, Marah G.
9. Lapena, Joy G.
10.
Maderia, Genesis Joy M.
11.
Mercado, Ella Mae V.
12.
Moreno, Anna Rose C.
13.
Nicolas, Fatima Angela P.
14.
Pascual, Jennifer P.
15.
Parfan, Janine Teresa R.

44

16.

Salvador, Reinalyn M.

October 2015
1. Casiano, Karen G.
2. Cortez, April Joy B.

Appendix B.
Survey-Questionnaire
Full name of the respondent
A. General Profile of the Respondent
1. Gender
Male
Female
2. How old are you?
___________________
3. Marital Status
Married
Not-Married
4. Enrolment Status
Fee paying
Scholar
5. Where do you currently reside?
___________________________________________________
6. Where is your current residence in terms of:
Urban
Rural
Other
Kindly specify the other,
________________________
B. Work Experience in Undergraduate Years
7. Did you have a job while studying at PHINMA Araullo
University?
Yes
No

45

8. Was your job full-time or part time?

Full time
Part-time
9. Did you get paid from the job?
Yes
No
10. How much were you paid?
__________________________
C. Educational Profile of the Respondent
11. What/Who encourage you most to take your degree?
Family/Relatives
Friends
Own Preference
Social Need
Others
Kindly specify the others,
_________________________
12. Do you have Honors and awards?
Yes
No
If yes, kindly give details of awards
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________
13. What is your professional knowledge and skills?
____________________________________________________________
____
14. Have you taken a professional examination?
Yes
No
15. What professional exam have you taken? Full Title:
______________________________________________________
16. What is your reason of taking this exam?
______________________________________________________
17. Have you passed your professional exam?
Yes

46

No
D. Employment Status of the Respondents
18. What is your present employment status?
Employed: Full Time
Worker: Part Time
Self Employed
Unemployed
19. What is your reason for being unemployed?
____________________________________________________________
____
20. Length of time before you get a job after graduation
Less than 6 months
Less than 1 year
Over 1 year

21. What was the most useful method you have utilized to
find a job?
PHINMA AU Career Advising Center
PHINMA AU Bulletin Board
Civil Service/Professional Examination
Referrals
Job Advertisements
Directly contacting the employer
Internet
Others
Kindly, specify the others
_________________________
22. What is your present occupation?
____________________________________
23. Type of Employer
Private Sector
Public Sector
Others

47

Kindly specify the others,

_________________________
24. How long have you been working with your job?
Less than 6 months
Less than 1 year
Over 1 year
25. What is your current job position level?
Higher Level
Middle Level
Lower Level

26. Where is the current location of your work?

Higher Level
Middle Level
Lower Level
27. How many hours do you work per week?
_________________________
28. How much are you paid? (estimation per month)
_________________________
E. Rating of Study Experience in Relation to Employability
1-totally disagree, 2-disagree, 3-agree, 4-totally agree
29. Your degree is very useful to your current career
Totally disagree
O 1, O 2, O 3, O 4
Totally Agree
30. Education done at PHINMA AU related theories
practices
Totally disagree
O 1, O 2, O 3, O 4
Totally Agree

to

31. The degree done at PHINMA AU helps you shaped your

career
Totally disagree
O 1, O 2, O 3, O 4
Totally Agree
32. The skills attained at PHINMA AU are closely linked to
your career
Totally disagree
O 1, O 2, O 3, O 4
Totally Agree
Kindly specify those particular skills
___________________________________________________________
33. What have you
Philippine context

learnt

at

PHINMA

AU

is

necessary

to

48

Totally disagree

O 1, O 2, O 3, O 4

Totally Agree

34. Satisfaction to PHINMA AUs quality of education

Totally disagree
O 1, O 2, O 3, O 4
Totally Agree
35. The PHINMA AU degree provided the opportunities to get a
suitable job
Totally disagree
O 1, O 2, O 3, O 4
Totally Agree
36. You wish other students to take a similar degree as you
did
Totally disagree
O 1, O 2, O 3, O 4
Totally Agree
Additional comments related to educational fields done at
PHINMA AU and current labor market
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________