Calculator Questions

1.

correct substitutions for v w; v; w

(A1)(A1)(A1)
2

2 ( 3) 6 , 49 ; k ( 2) 4 2 , k 2 20

e.g. 2k + ( 3) (2) + 6 4, 2k + 30;

evidence of substituting into the formula for scalar product

2k 30

(M1)

2
e.g. 7 k 20

correct substitution

2k 30
cos
3 7 k 2 20
e.g.
k = 18.8

A1

A2

N5
[7]

2.

(a)

(i)

(ii)

(3, 4, 0)

A1
2

3
1

choosing velocity vector

finding magnitude of velocity vector
e.g.

(i)

(ii)

(M1)
(A1)

(2) 2 3 2 12 , 4 9 1

speed = 3.74 ( 14 )
(b)

N1

substituting p = 7
B = (11, 17, 7)

A1

N2

(M1)
A1

N2

METHOD 1
appropriate method to find AB or BA

(M1)

e.g. AO OB , A B
14
14

AB 21 or BA 21
7
7

(A1)

distance = 26.2 (7 14 )

A1

N3

METHOD 2
evidence of applying distance is speed time
e.g. 3.74 7
distance = 26.2 (7 14 )

(M2)
A1

N3

METHOD 3
2

attempt to find AB , AB

(M1)

e.g. (3 (11)) + (4 17) + (0 7) ,

2
AB = 686, AB = 686

(3 ( 11)) ( 4 17 ) (0 7) 2
(A1)

distance AB = 26.2 ( 7 14 )

(c)

A1

2
1

3 and 2
1
a

correct direction vectors

1
2 1

2
2 a 5, 3 2
1 a
a

=a+8
substituting
a 8

N3

(A1)(A1)

(A1)(A1)
M1

2
e.g. cos 40 = 14 a 5
a = 3.21, a = 0.990

A1A1

N3
[16]

3.

(a)

appropriate approach

(M1)

e.g. AD OB, B A

(b)

AB 1
1

A1

N2

any correct equation in the form r = a + tb

A2

N2

where b is a scalar multiple of

1
1

1
1
2t

r 1 t 1 , r 2 t , r 2i 2 j 5k t i j k
4
1
5t

e.g.

(c)

choosing correct direction vectors

2

1
3

, 1
1

(A1)(A1)

finding scalar product and magnitudes

(A1)(A1)(A1)

scalar product =1 2 + 11+13 (= 4)

12 1 12 1.73. ,
2

magnitudes

4 1 9 3.74

substitution into
cos
e.g.

u. v
uv

accept u . v , but not sin u. v

uv
uv

1 2 1 1 1 3
12 1 12 2 2 12 3 2
2

, cos

= 0.906 (51.9)

M1

4
42
N5

N3

N3

(d)

A1

1
1

from r 1 t 1

4
1

METHOD 1

appropriate approach

(M1)

1 1
2 2

1 1 t 4 1 s
4 1
7 3

,
e.g. p = r,
two correct equations

A1A1

e.g. 1 + t = 2 + 2s, 1 t = 4 + s, 4 + t = 7 + 3s
attempt to solve
one correct parameter

(M1)
A1

e.g. t = 3, s = 2
C is (2, 2, 1)

A1

2
1

from r 2 t 1

5
1

METHOD 2

appropriate approach

(M1)

2
1 2 2

2 t 1 4 1 s,
5
1 7 3

e.g. p = r
two correct equations

A1A1

e.g. 2 + t = 2 + 2s, 2 t = 4 + s, 5 + t = 7 + 3s
attempt to solve
one correct parameter

(M1)
A1

e.g. t = 4, s = 2
C is (2, 2, 1)

A1

[17]

Non Calculator Questions

1.

(a)

uv = 8 + 3 + p

(A1)

For equating scalar product equal to zero

(M1)

8+3+p=0
p = 11

(b)

A1

2 2 3 2 1

14 , 3.74

N3

(M1)

q 14 14

A1

q = 14 3.74

A1

N2
[6]

2.

(a)

(i)

e.g.

evidence of approach(M1)
96

AO OB, B A, 6 2
15 10

AB 4
5

(ii)

(accept (3, 4, 5))

evidence of finding the magnitude of the velocity vector

M1

e.g. speed = 3 4 5
speed = 50 ( 5 2 )

A1

N1

A2

N2

(b)

A1N2

correct equation (accept Cartesian and parametric forms)

6
3
9
3

2 t 4 , r 6 t 4
10
5
15
5

e.g.r =

[6]

3.

evidence of equating vectors

e.g.L1 = L2
for any two correct equations
e.g. 2 + s = 3 t, 5 + 2s = 3 + 3t, 3 + 3s = 8 4t
attempting to solve the equations
finding one correct parameter (s = 1, t = 2)

(M1)
A1A1
(M1)
A1

the coordinates of T are (1, 3, 0)

A1

N3
[6]

4.

(a)

evidence of equating scalar product to 0

2 3 + 3 (1) + (1) p = 0 (6 3 p = 0, 3 p = 0)
p=3

(b)

evidence of substituting into magnitude formula

e.g.

1 q 25

(M1)
A1
A1N2
(M1)

, 1 + q + 25

setting up a correct equation

e.g.

1 q 25 42

A1
2

, 1 + q + 25 = 42, q = 16

q = 4

A1

N2
[6]

5.

pw = pi + 2pj 3pk (seen anywhere)

(A1)

attempt to find v + pw
e.g. 3i + 4j + k + p(i + 2j 3k)

(M1)

collecting terms (3 + p)i + (4 + 2p)j + (1 3p) k

A1

attempt to find the dot product

e.g. 1(3 + p) + 2(4 + 2p) 3(1 3p)

(M1)

setting their dot product equal to 0

e.g. 1(3 + p) + 2(4 + 2p) 3(1 3p) = 0

(M1)

simplifying
e.g. 3 + p + 8 + 4p 3 + 9p = 0, 14p + 8 = 0

P = 0.571

14

A1

A1

N3
[7]

6.

(a)

evidence of appropriate approach

(M1)

2 6

BC BA AC, 3 2
2 3

e.g.
8

BC 1
1

(b)

A1

attempt to find the length of AB

2

AB 6 ( 2) 3

1
2
7

unit vector is
(c)

(M1)

( 36 4 9 49 7)

N2

7
2

7
3

(A1)

A1

recognizing that the dot product or cos being 0 implies perpendicular

N2

(M1)

correct substitution in a scalar product formula

A1

12 6 6
e.g. (6) (2) + (2) (3) + (3) (2), cos =

7 17

correct calculation

A1

e.g. AB AC = 0, cos = 0
therefore, they are perpendicular

AG

N0
[8]

7.

(a)

(i)

evidence of combining vectors(M1)

e.g. AB = OB OA (or AD = AO + OD in part (ii))

AB =

4
2

k 5

AD = 2

A1

N2

A1

N1

(ii)
(b)

evidence of using perpendicularity scalar product = 0

(M1)

 2 2

e.g. 4 k 5 0
2 2

4 4(k 5) + 4 = 0

A1

4k + 28 = 0 (accept any correct equation clearly leading to k = 7)

A1

(c)

AD =

BC =

k=7

AG

2
2

(A1)

1
1

N0

A1

evidence of correct approach

(M1)

3 1 x 3 1

OC OB BC , 1 1 , y 1 1
2 1 z 2 1

e.g.

OC =
(d)

4

2
1

A1

N3

METHOD 1

choosing appropriate vectors, BA , BC

finding the scalar product
e.g.2(1) + 4(1) + 2(1), 2(1) + (4)(1) + (2)(1)

cos ABC = 0

(A1)
M1
A1

N1

METHOD 2

BC parallel to AD (may show this on a diagram with points labelled)

R1

BC AB (may show this on a diagram with points labelled)

R1

C
AB
= 90

cos ABC = 0

A1

N1
[13]

8.

2
6

6 and v 10
10
2

(a) Using direction vectors u =

(M1)

u 4 36 100 140 , v 36 100 4 140

A1A1
A1

u v = 12 + 60 20 = 52
52
cos =
52
= 140
(b)

(i)

(ii)

140 140

A1
AG

For substituting s = 1
Correct calculations
9 + 1(2) = 7, 4 + 1(6) = 10, 6 + 1(10) = 4
7

10
4
position vector of P is

(M1)
(A1)

A1

7 1
6

10 20 t 10
4 2
2

For substituting into the equation

For one correct equation
e.g. 7 = 1 6t
Solving gives t = 1

N3

(M1)
A1
A1

verify for second coordinate, 10 = 20 + (1)(10)

verify for third coordinate, 4 = 2 + (1)(2)
Thus, P is also on L2.

(c)

N0

A1
A1
AG

2 6

6 x
10 30

k
2k = 6
k = 3
x = 3 6 = 18

N0

(M1)
A1
A1

N2
[16]

9.

(a)

(i)

3

BA 0
4

(ii)

evidence of combining vectors

A1N1
(M1)

2 3

AB BC AC, BA AC, 2 0
6 4

e.g.
1

BC 2
2

A1

N2

(b)

(i)

METHOD 1
finding
e.g.

BA BC, BA , BC

(A1)(A1)(A1)

BA BC 3 1 0 4 2, BA 3 2 4 2 , BC 3

substituting into formula for cos

e.g.

M1

3 1 0 4 2 5
,
3 32 0 4 2 5 3

5
1
ABC

15
3
cos

A1

N3

METHOD 2
finding
e.g.

AC, BA , BC

(A1)(A1)(A1)

AC 2 2 2 2 6 2 , AB 3 2 4 2 , BC 3

substituting into cosine rule

5 2 3 2 44
25 3
e.g.

M1

25 9 44
30

10
1
ABC
30
3
cos
(ii)

A1

evidence of using Pythagoras

N3

(M1)
2

e.g. right-angled triangle with values, sin x + cos x =1

8 2 2
ABC

3
3
sin

(c)

(i)

A1

attempt to find an expression for CD

N2

(M1)

e.g.

(4) 2 5 2 p 2 , CD 4 2 5 2 p 2

correct equation
e.g.

(ii)

A1

( 4) 2 5 2 p 2 50 ,4 2 5 2 p 2 50

p2 9

A1

p 3

AG

evidence of scalar product

(M1)

N0

 4 1

5 2 , CD BC
3 2

e.g.
correct substitution
e.g. 4 1+ 5 2 + 3 2, 4 + 10 6

A1

CD BC 0

A1

CD is perpendicular to BC

AG

N0

6
[16]

10.

(a)

(i)

evidence of approach(M1)

e.g. PQ PO OQ, Q P
1

PQ 2
1

(ii)
(b)

2

PR 2
4

A1N2

A1

N1

METHOD 1
choosing correct vectors PQ and PR

PQ PR, PQ , PR
finding
PQ PR = 2 + 4 + 4 (= 6)

(A1)(A1)
(A1) (A1)(A1)

PQ ( 1) 2 2 2 12 ( 6 ), PR 2 2 2 2 4 2 ( 24)
substituting into formula for angle between two vectors
6
cos RPQ
6 24
e.g.
1
simplifying to expression clearly leading to 2
6
6
6
,
,
e.g. 6 2 6 144 12

1
cos RPQ
2

M1

A1

AG

METHOD 2
evidence of choosing cosine rule (seen anywhere)
3

QR 0
3

(M1)

A1

N0

QR 18 , PQ 6 and PR 24
2

( 6 ) ( 24 ) ( 18 )
cos RPQ
2 6 24

(c)

(A1)(A1)(A1)

A1

6 24 18 12
cos RPQ

24
24

A1

1
cos RPQ
2

AG

(i)

N0

METHOD 1
evidence of appropriate approach
2
2

e.g. using sin RPQ cos RPQ 1 , diagram

(M1)

substituting correctly

(A1)

1
sin RPQ 1
2
e.g.
sin RPQ

3
4

A1

N3

METHOD 2

1
, P 60
2
since
evidence of approach
e.g. drawing a right triangle, finding the missing side
3
sin P
2
cos P

(ii)

evidence of appropriate approach

1
e.g. attempt to substitute into 2 ab sin C
correct substitution
1
3
6 24
2
e.g. area = 2
area = 3 3

(A1)
(A1)
A1

N3

(M1)

A1
A1

N2
[16]

11.

(a)

evidence of correct approach

A1

3 2

PQ OQ OP, 3 1
8 5

e.g.
1

PQ 2
3

AG

N0

(b)

(i)

correct description
3

3
8

e.g. reference to
being the position vector of a point on the line,
a vector to the line, a point on the line.

R1

N1

(ii)

any correct expression in the form r = a + tb

where a is

3
8

, and b is a scalar multiple of

A2

N2

2
3

3
1
3 2s

3 t 2 , r 3 4s
8
3
8 6s

e.g.r =
(c)

(d)

(e)

one correct equation

e.g. 3 + s = 1, 3 2s = 5

(A1)

s = 4
p = 4

A1
A1

one correct equation

e.g. 3 + t = 1, 9 2t = 5

A1

t=2
substituting t = 2
e.g. 2 + 2q = 4, 2q = 6

A1

q = 3

AG

N2

A1

1
1

2 and 2
3
3

choosing correct direction vectors

finding correct scalar product and magnitudes

N0

(A1)(A1)
(A1)(A1)(A1)

scalar product (1)(1) + (2)(2) + (3)(3) (= 4)

12 ( 2) 2 3 2 14 , 12 (2) 3 ( 3) 2 14
magnitudes
evidence of substituting into scalar product
4
e.g. cos = 3.741 ... 3.741 ...
= 1.86 radians (or 107)

M1

A1

N4
[17]

12.

(a)

(i)

evidence of approachM1

e.g. AO + OB = AB, B A

AB =

6
1

AG

(ii)

for choosing correct vectors, ( AO with AB , or OA with

BA )

(A1)(A1)

N0

Using AO with BA will lead to

0.799. If they then say BAO

= 0.799, this is a correct solution.

Note:

calculating AO AB ,

AO , AB
(A1)(A1)(A1)

e.g.d1d2 = (1)(4) + (2)(6) + (3)(1) (= 19)

d1

1 2 2 2 3 2

d2

4 2 6 2 1 2

14 ,
53

evidence of using the formula to find the angle

1 4 2 6 3 1
1 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 6 2 1 2

M1
,

e.g. cos =
19
, 0.69751 ...
14 53

O
BA
= 0.799 radians (accept 45.8)

(b)

(c)

two correct answers

e.g. (1, 2, 3), (3, 4, 2), (7, 10, 1), (11, 16, 0)

A1

N3

A1A1
N2

(i)

1
3

2 t 4
3
2

r=

(ii)

k 1
3

k 2 t 4
5 3
2

C on L2, so

(M1)

evidence of equating components

(A1)

A2

N2

e.g. 1 3t = k, 2 + 4t = k, 5 = 3 + 2t
one correct value t = 1, k = 2 (seen anywhere)
coordinates of C are (2, 2, 5)
(d)

for setting up one (or more) correct equation using

2 3
1

2 8 p 2
5 0
1

(A1)
A1

N3

(M1)

e.g. 3 + p = 2, 8 2p = 2, p = 5
p=5

A1

N2
[18]

13.

(a)

(i)

evidence of approachM1

 6 1

AO OB, 4 2
4 3

e.g. B A,
5

AB 2
1

(ii)

evidence of approach

(M1)

AO OD,

e.g. D A,
1

AD 3
2

(iii)

2 1

5 2
5 3

A1

evidence of approach

A1

AG

evidence of combining vectors (there are at least 5 ways)

e.g. OC OA AC, OC OB AD, AB OC OD
correct substitution
7
1 6


OC 2 5
7
6
3 3


e.g.
coordinates of C are (7, 7, 6)

(c)

(i)

evidence of using scalar product on AB and AD

e.g. AB AD = 5(1) + 2(3) + 1(2)
AB AD = 13

(ii)

AB

= 5.477...,

= 3.741...
AB AD

evidence of using cos A =

correct substitution

AB AD

N0

(M1)
A1

A1

N1

(M1)
A1

AD

N2

(M1)

e.g. AC AB AD
correct substitution
5 1

AC 2 3
1 2

e.g.
6

AC 5
3

(b)

AGN0

(A1)(A1)

(M1)
A1

N2

13
e.g. cos A = 20 .493 ...
A = 0.884 (50.6)

(d)

A1

N3

METHOD 1

1
B
2 AD AB sin DA
2

evidence of using area =

correct substitution
1

(3.741 ...)(5.477 ...) sin 0.883 ...

e.g. area = 2 2
area = 15.8

(M1)
A1

A1

N2

METHOD 2
evidence of using area = b h
(M1)
finding height of parallelogram
A1
e.g.h = 3.741... sin 0.883... (= 2.892...), h = 5.477... sin 0.883... (= 4.234...)
area = 15.8
A1 N2
[18]