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Heat Transfer Lecture Notes 2 (2016)

This document provides equations and explanations for calculating heat transfer through cylindrical coordinates. It discusses conduction through a cylinder, a composite cylinder made of different materials, and heat transfer from one fluid to another separated by a curved cylindrical wall. It also defines thermal resistance and overall heat transfer coefficients. Sample problems are provided to demonstrate applying the equations.

Uploaded by

Michael Belmonte Urdaneta
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
132 views

Heat Transfer Lecture Notes 2 (2016)

This document provides equations and explanations for calculating heat transfer through cylindrical coordinates. It discusses conduction through a cylinder, a composite cylinder made of different materials, and heat transfer from one fluid to another separated by a curved cylindrical wall. It also defines thermal resistance and overall heat transfer coefficients. Sample problems are provided to demonstrate applying the equations.

Uploaded by

Michael Belmonte Urdaneta
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CONDUCTION THROUGH CYLINDRICAL COORDINATES

L - length of the cylinder perpendicular


to the paper

Q
1 2

r1
r2

From Fourier' s Equation :


dt
, since heat flows in a radial direction, the heat transfer Q is;
dx
dt
Q - kA
, A 2rL
dx
dt
dr
Q - k(2 rL) ,
; Q - 2kLdT
dr
r
2 dr
2
r
Q
- 2kL dt ; Qln 2 2kL( t 2 t 1 )
1 r
1
r1
Q - kA

Qln

r2
2kL( t 1 t 2 )
r1

2kL(t 1 t 2 )
r
ln 2
r1

(t1 t 2 )
r
ln 2
r1
2kL

where T1 - T2 t 1 - t 2
(t1 t 2 )
;
r2
ln
r1
2kL
r
ln 2
r1
R
2kL
where R - resistance
Q

(t1 t 2 )
R

where:
Q in Watts
k in W/m-C or W/m-K
L in meters
r in m
-t in C or K
R in W/C or W/K

CONDUCTION THROUGH A COMPOSITE


CYLINDRICALCOORDINATES
L - length of the cylinder perpendicular to the paper
L
K1
K2
K3

1 2 3 4

r1
r2
r3
r4

at 1 to 2

at 3 to 4 :

t 1 t 2
ln

r2

t 3 t 4
ln

r4

r3
2k 3L

r1
2k 1L

at 2 to 3

at 1 to 4 :

t 2 t 3
ln

r3

(t i t 0 )
r
r
ln r2
ln 4
ln 3
r3
r1
r2
1

k2
k 3
2L k 1

2L(t i t 0 )
Q
r
r
ln r2
ln 4
ln 3

r3
r1
r2

k
k2
k 3
1

2(t i t 0 )
Q

r
r
L ln r2
ln 4
ln 3

r3
r1
r2

k
k2
k 3
1

Q
2(-t )

L
ln ro

r
k i

r2
2k 2L

(t1 t 4 )
r
r
r
ln 4
ln 2
ln 3
r3
r1
r2

2k 1L 2k 2L 2k 3L

- t

ln ro

ri

2kL

(t1 t 4 )
Q
r
r
r
ln 4
ln 2
ln 3
r3
r1
r2

2k 1L 2k 2L 2k 3L
t
R
R R1 R 2 R 3
Q

R1

R2

R3

ln

r2

r1
2k 1L
ln

r3

ln

r4

r2
2k 2L
r3
2k 3L

t t 1 t 4

THERMAL RESISTANCE

R2

R1
1

R3
3

HEAT TRANSFER FROM FLUID TO FLUID SEPARATED BY CURVED (Cylindrical) WALL


L
K1
K2

hi i
ti

K3

ho
t0
o

1 2 3 4

r1
r2
r3
r4

Thermal Circuit Diagram


i

R2

R1

Ri
1

R3
3

t i t1
1
hi A i
t4 to
1
ho A o

A i 2r1L
A o 2r4L

Ro
4

(t i t 0 )
R i R1 R 2 R 3 R o

(t i t 0 )
r
r
r

ln 4
ln 2
ln 3
1
r3
r1
r2
1

hiAi
2

Lk
2

Lk
2

Lk
hoAo
1
2
3

(t i t 0 )
Q
r
r
r

ln 4
ln 2
ln 3
r3
r1
r2
1 1
1

2L hiri
k1
k2
k3
hor o

2L(t i t 0 )
Q
r
r
r

ln 4
ln 2
ln 3
1
r3
r1
r2
1

k1
k2
k3
hor o
hiri

2(t i t 0 )
Q

r
r
r
L

ln 4
ln 2
ln 3
1
r
r1
r2
1
3

k1
k2
k3
hor o
hiri

t
Q
R i R1 R 2 R 3 R o
Q

ro
1 ln ri
hA 2kL
2L( t)
Q

r
ln o
1
ri
hr k
1

Q
2( t)

L
r
ln o
1
ri
hr k
1

OVERALL COEFFICIENT OF HEAT TRANSFER


Q UA ( t )
UA UiAi UoAo
Ui overall coefficient of heat transfer based on inside surface
Uo - overall coefficient of heat transfer based on outside surface

Sample Problems
Example no. 1
Water through a cast steel pipe (k = 50 W/m-K) with an outer diameter of 104 mm and 2 mm wall
thickness.
a. Calculate the heat loss by convection and conduction per meter length of insulated pipe
(OD = 104 mm ; ID = 100 mm when the water temperature is 15C, the outside air
temperature is -10C, the water side heat transfer coefficient is 30,000 W/m 2-K and the
outside heat transfer coefficient is 20 W/m2-K.
b. Calculate the corresponding heat loss when the pipe is lagged with insulation having an
outer diameter 0f 300 mm, and thermal conductivity of k = 0.05 W/m-K.

ho
to
ti
hi

1
t1

2
t2
Q

r1
r2

Example no. 2
Hot water (hi = 6895 W/m2 -C) flows in a 2.5 cm ID; 2.66 cm OD smooth copper pipe (k = 400 W/m - C).
The pipe is horizontal in still air ( ho = 3.56 W/m2 - C )and covered with a 1-cm layer of polystyrene foam
insulation (k =0.038 W/m- C) . For a 65C water temperature and 20C air temperature, Calculate
a. the heat loss per unit length of pipe
b. the interface temperature in C
c. Overall coefficient of heat transfer U

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