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Practice Problems 4 Thermodynamics & Statistical Mechanics

1. The specific heats at constant pressure (Cp) and volume (Cv) for an ideal gas are calculated from an equation relating the entropy (S) to the number of moles (n), internal energy (U), volume (V), and other constants. Cp is calculated to be 7/2nR and Cv is calculated to be 5/2nR. 2. The free energy (F) for a gas is calculated based on an equation relating the internal energy (U) to the entropy (S), volume (V), number of particles (N), and other constants. 3. The critical volume (Vc) and critical temperature (Tc) for a gas following a given

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Randeep Iyyad N C
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26 views

Practice Problems 4 Thermodynamics & Statistical Mechanics

1. The specific heats at constant pressure (Cp) and volume (Cv) for an ideal gas are calculated from an equation relating the entropy (S) to the number of moles (n), internal energy (U), volume (V), and other constants. Cp is calculated to be 7/2nR and Cv is calculated to be 5/2nR. 2. The free energy (F) for a gas is calculated based on an equation relating the internal energy (U) to the entropy (S), volume (V), number of particles (N), and other constants. 3. The critical volume (Vc) and critical temperature (Tc) for a gas following a given

Uploaded by

Randeep Iyyad N C
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Practice Problems 4

Thermodynamics & Statistical mechanics


1. Consider an ideal gas whose entropy is given by
nh
U
Vi
+ 5R ln + 2R ln
2
n
n
where n = number of moles, R = universal gas constant, U = internal energy, V = volume and = constant. Calculate
Cp and Cv , the specific heat at constant pressure and volume.
S=

2. Find the free energy F , if


U (S, V, N ) = U0

 N 5/3  V 2/3
0

N0

h  S
i
exp 2/3
S0
NK

3. Determine the value of critical volume and critical temperature for a gas which obeys the equation of state
P (V b) = RT exp (a/RT V )
4. Starting with the first Maxwell relation, derive the remaining three by using only the relations:
 x   y   z 
= 1
y z z x x y
and

 x   y   z 
=1
y f z f x f

5. Find out the Legenre transformation g(p) of function f (x) = ex , and also show that inverse Legenre transformation of
g(p) will give ex .
6. Show that for a gas obeying the van der Waals equation with CV is a function of T only, an equation for adiabatic
process is
T (V b)R/CV = constant
7. Show that for a gas obeying an equation P (V b) = RT with CV is constant, an equation for adiabatic process is
P (V b) = constant
8. The Helmholtz free energy of a gas is given by the expression
A = N 0 N kT ln (eV /N ) N cT ln T N T
Here N is the number of particle, V is the volume, T is the temperature, while 0 , c and are constants.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

Find
Find
Find
Find

entropy as a function of V and T .


internal energy as a function of T andN .
equation of state.
Gibbs free energy, enthalpy.

Answers:
1. Cv = 52 nR, Cp = 72 nR
h

i
3/2 N0 5/2 V
)
(
2. F = 32 N KT N KT S0 + ln ( 32 NUKT
)
(
)
N
V0
0
3. Vc = 2b, Tc =

a
4bR

4. 5. g(p) = p ln p p
6. 7. 8. (a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

N ln eV
N + N c(1 + ln T ) + N T
U = N 0 + N cT
P = NVT
G = N 0 + N T ln P N T (1 + c) ln T N T , H = N 0 + N (c + 1)T

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