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RT Formulas

This document provides formulas and examples related to radiation exposure and radiography. It includes formulas for: 1) Calculating exposure time based on tube current and time. 2) Calculating half-life. 3) Calculating film density based on incident and transmitted light intensity. 4) Calculating dose rate based on radiation exposure and time. It also provides examples for calculating: 1) Total radiation exposure given dose rate and time. 2) Concrete thickness required to reduce dose rate based on half-value layer.

Uploaded by

Adil Hasanov
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
448 views

RT Formulas

This document provides formulas and examples related to radiation exposure and radiography. It includes formulas for: 1) Calculating exposure time based on tube current and time. 2) Calculating half-life. 3) Calculating film density based on incident and transmitted light intensity. 4) Calculating dose rate based on radiation exposure and time. It also provides examples for calculating: 1) Total radiation exposure given dose rate and time. 2) Concrete thickness required to reduce dose rate based on half-value layer.

Uploaded by

Adil Hasanov
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1) TUBE CURRENT EXPOSURE TIME FORMULA

mA1 X T1 = mA2 x T2
2) Reciprocity law (Bunsen Roscow law)
1hour 10 min
20min

10curie
35 curie

3) Half-life calculation formula


St=S0x2-(t/h)
4) FILM DENSITY
Density =Log10 (incident light intensity /transmitted
light intensity)
5) Geometric unharness
UG=F x (OFD)/FOD
6) Absorption
I=I0 x e-ut
I0 ___intensity of incident radiation
intensity of transmitted radiation:
U ___ coefficient of linear absorption
thickness

I ____

t _ penetrated

7) INVERSE SQUARE LAW.


I1(unit curie or r/hr)/I2=D22/D12(unit ft)
R/Hr

1curie Ir192 = 5,9

8)Exposure factor
New exposure =Old exposure/Film factor A
factor B
9) Exposure distance
E1/E2=D12/D22
10) Exposure time Source to film distance.
1

Film

T1/T2 = SFD12/SFD22

11) Film density___________ Exposure(mA/min)


E1/FD1=E2/FD2
12) Dose rate proportional to 1/intensity
700 mR/hr ____________ 7 feet
?
x=40,78

____________ 29 feet

700/x = 292/72

13) Dose(milli roentgen) = Dose rate(milli roentgen /Hr


x Time(Hr)
14) Dose rate

Radiation Exposure / Time

Example
A radiographer is found to receive an exposure of 1
mSv after he stands for 2 minutes at certain distance
from the source. What is the total radiation exposure
received if he stands for a period of 5 minutes at the
same distance?
Dose rate = Radiation exposure /Time
Dose rate = 1 mSv / 2 minutes = 0,5 mSv / minute
Thus if he stands 5 minutes, total exposure will be
Radiation exposure = Dose rate x Time =
=

0,5 mSv / minute x 5minute = 2,5 m Sv

15) Half value layer (HVL)-attenuation equation may be


written as:
In= I0/2n
n_ number of HVL
I0_ Original rad intensity
Intensity after shielding

In ____

Tenth value layer


I0/In = 10n

n- number of tenth value layer

Example
What is the concrete thickness required to reduce
radiation dose rate of 80 Sv/hr from Co 60 source to 2,5
Sv/hr ( Given u for concrete is 0,105 sm-1)
80-40-20-10-5-2.5 = 5 HVL
HVL= 0,693/u =0.693/0.105=6.6 sm
6.6sm x 5 = 33sm
16) Safe distance calculation formula:
= Output x source strength x 1000
/
17) Safe working distance
1 meter / Distance in m2

Safe distance2
7, 5

Dose rate = Dose rate at

18) Dose rate at 1 meter =source strength


19)

output

Shielding dose rate calculation formula using HVL


Rs= Ru / 2(t/HVL)

Rs

Shielding dose rate

Ru

Unshielded dose rate

Thickness of shielding material


3

HVL

Half value layer

20) Shielding dose rate calculation formula using TVL


Rs= Ru / 10(t/TVL)
Rs

Shielding dose rate

Ru

Unshielded dose rate

Thickness of shielding material

TVL

21)
22)

Tenth value layer

= V(CONSTANT LIGHT SPEED) /F(FREQUENCY)


a) EXPOSURE FACTOR = mA x Time
b)EXPOSURE FACTOR =

Curie

x time

23) Density time calculation formula:


DN1 x T2 = DN2 x T1
24) Focal spot size (FSS)(inch)
FSS=Image size -2 pin hole size
25) SOD/F=15(CLAS B) OR 7,5(CLAS A) * OFD3/2
26)Exposure time calculation Exposure time =
BQ(Curie) x Time/Bq (Ci)x New Film Speed/Old Film
Speed x D22/D12

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