EcosimPro Overview

Empresarios Agrupados Internacional

Pedro Cobas
Head of EcosimPro & PROOSIS Simulation tools

Tel: 34 91 3098150
http:
www.ecosimpro.com

EcosimPro Overview

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EcosimPro

EA Internacional

EcosimPro Overview

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EcosimPro

Who is EA Internacional?

Empresarios

Agrupados Internacional (EAI) is an architectengineering organisation founded in 1971 to undertake nuclear

power generation projects for the Electricity Sector.

EAI later diversified its activities to include other areas of interest

such Space, Aeronautics, Defence and Information Technology etc.

It has a staff of 1100 persons, 70%

of whom are university

graduates

Main areas of work: Power generation, Space Defense, Civil

Aviation and Information Technology

EA Simulation Department has more than 35 years of experience.

The main background is: power plants (nuclear, fossile fuel,

combined cycle, fuel cells), hydraulic systems, propulsion, etc.

URL:

http://www.empre.es

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ESA-EA Relationship
EcosimPro project was originally an ESA project for modelling
complex environmental control and life support simulation for
the International Space Station (Columbus and Hermes)
In 1995 EA decides to create a commercial product based on
this software and move to the Windows operating system.
ESA is funding every year a part of the new improvements of
EcosimPro since EcosimPro has become as the standard ESA
tool in the areas of ECLSS, Propulsion and Biological Systems.
EA and ESA maintains a close relationship in terms of
exchanging information, proposing new improvements,
creation of standard libraries, etc.

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ESA-EA Relationship
ESA is the depositary of the source code of EcosimPro.
Should EA decide not continue with the development, ESA
has the right to use the source code
Today several aerospace companies (EADS, NASA,
Alenia,etc.) use EcosimPro for modeling parts of the
International Space Station and Ariane launcher and ESA
guaranties that EcosimPro future is safe.
ESA has selected EcosimPro as its standard tool for three
areas:

ECLSS
Satellite Propulsion
Power Systems

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EcosimPro

History of EcosimPro
MAIN MILESTONES:
The project started in 1989 with funds from the European Space
Agency (ESA) to simulate environmental control and life
support systems for manned spacecraft (Hermes y Columbus)
Version 1.0 in 1992. Unix.
Version 2.0 in 1995. Unix
Version 3.0 in January 2000. Windows
Version 4.0 in February 2007. Windows
Version 4.4 in January 2008. Windows
Version 4.6 in November 2009. Windows. Linux for runtime
Version 4.8 in September 2010. Windows. Linux for runtime
Version 4.10 expected at the end of 2011. Windows. Linux for
runtime

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Success Histories

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Example of a complex model for modelling: the Vulcain engine

Example: Vulcain Main Stage

H2 line

EcosimPro model

O2 line

LH2

LOX

Pt

SinglePipe
1

Bound_PT_liq
1

VAH

SinglePipe

Pump
2

f1
f2

SonicTurbine
1
2

tp

SinglePipe

s_pos_gas f_liq
f Gas

P T

2
1

VCO
1

f_liqs_pos_gas
f Gas

CombustChamber_GasLiq

EcosimPro Overview

-8-

Valve

tp_ch

tp

Nozzle

VCH

Turbine
and Pump

SinglePipe

VGH Valve

VGO

SinglePipe

T P
2

Gas
generator

2
1

SinglePipe

LEH

SinglePipe

Valve

CombustChamber_GasLiq

TP LH2

SinglePipe

1
2
1

TP LOX

LEO

SonicTurbine

SinglePipe

SinglePipe

SinglePipe

SinglePipe

GasComb_to_Fluida

VGC

Valve

VAO

RegCircuit

Combustion
chamber and
refrigeration

2010 EA Internacional
EcosimPro

Thermal balance in Thermosolar power plant

with accumulators.
Accumulator

Condenser

Plant
schematic
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Thermal balance in Thermosolar power plant with

accumulators.
G

gd

P_2

P_1

T2

T1

P_3

T3

T4

MS_2

Alternator_1

RS
P

P_20

P_F

Accumulator
P_22

P_21

P_23

HC
CONDENSER

AC_1
DA_1

ve1

H4
DEAREATOR

HC2
vl1

P_7

Condenser

AC_2

M_U

P_10
DA_2

ve2

vl2

MR_1
M_F

AC_3

H1

ve3

P_4

MR_2

HC4

vl3
P

AC_4
DA_4

MD_3

H3

P_8

DA_3

HC3

P_9

PAA

ve4

vl4

P_6
PC

MR_3

EcosimPro Model
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Hydraulic model of a control feeding system in a

Nuclear Power Plant.
Vapour generator

Pump

Plant Schematic
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Hydraulic model of a control feeding system in a

Nuclear Power Plant.

Vapour generator

Pump

EcosimPro Model
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Air revitalisation model for the International Space

Station
ARES is a environmental control and life support system designed for the
multipurpose laboratory of the ISS. ARES has four modules:
CCA. Carbon Dioxide Assembly
CRA. Carbon Reduction Assembly
OGA. Oxygen Generation Assembly(see next slide)
Multiple filter module
The targets of ARES are:
Generate breathable oxygen extracted from water
Control the CO2 level produced in the cabin
Convert the remaining CO2 in water and methane
Recover the produced water for later use

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Air revitalisation model for the International Space

Station
OGA_06

OGA_01

OGA_07

OGA_08

OGA_11

OG_GP_P_02

OG_WT_P_01

OG_GP_P_04
GL_GP_P_04

GL_GP_P_02
OG_V_05

OG_GP_11

OG_GP_24

OG_WT_04
OG_V_07

OG_c_07_06

OG_V_06

OG_V_08

OG_GP_C_04

OG_c_08_05
VacuumDome

OG_GP_T_02

RackAir

GL_VD_Rack

GL_GP_19

OG_GP_19_heater

OG_GP_02

c1
OG_GP_12

GL_GP_17

OG_GP_19
OG_GP_06

OG_WT_12

OG_c_17

OG_GP_13

GL_GP_P_01

OG_GP_17

OG_GP_P_01
OG_GP_16

OG_GP_17_heater

GL_GP_16

GL_accum_liq

OG_GP_16_heater
OG_GP_P_03

GL_Elec_VD

GL_accum_gas

GL_GP_P_03
accumulator

GL_WT_03_1

OG_GP_C_03
GL_WT_03_2

OG_WT_03_2_heater

OG_WT_03_1_heater

Accumulator
OG_WT_T_03

OG_WT_06
OG_WT_05

sensor_dp_h2_o2
DP

OG_WT_03_1 OG_WT_03_2
OG_WT_02
OG_WT_07

cx

s_DayCycle
s_OGA_state
s_CRA_state

OG_WT_P_02
OG_WT_T_01

control

OG_WT_16

OG_WT_25

Electrolyser
OG_WT_08

DP

OG_WT_26

sensor_dp_h2_h2o

Control system

OG_WT_T_02

Electroliser
OGA_03

OGA_04

OGA_12

OGA Module in EcosimPro

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Vapour stability model in a co-generation power plant

System : vapour boilers in a co-generation power plant that provides vapour to
several systems of a refinery

Model in EcosimPro

Vapour boiler 1

Vapour boiler 2

Target:
To study the behaviour of the vapour supply to the refinery having into account:
- both turbines fail
- fail in a vapour boiler
- fast increment in the vapour demand
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EcosimPro

Vapour stability model in a co-generation power plant

Vapour boiler model in EcosimPro:
(gas turbine, burner,diverter, difusor, superheaters, heat
exchangers, control system, etc.)

Control system for

the vapour pressure
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Reverse osmosis desalination model

EcosimPro
Model

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EcosimPro

Example of a Pressure Regulator Valve

Prepilot

Pilot

Control
Blocks

Body globe valve

with diaphragm actuator

Rate calculation
and
limitation

Error in pressure
regulated
(Opening)

Calculation of
valve
opening
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EcosimPro

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What is EcosimPro?
EcosimPro can be used to simulate any 1D phenomenon that
can be represented by differential-algebraic equations, such as:
Fluids in piping systems
Heat transmission
Chemical reactions
Control systems
Electrical circuits
Aeronautical or space propulsion
Biological systems
Economic models
Process plants
Mass and energy balances
Mechanical systems
etc

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EcosimPro

Modelling

Equation solvers extensively tested with complex models

Symbolic and numerical equation handling
Steady state and transient calculations
Complete HTML debugging information

Interface

Used for modelling 0D and 1D problems

Differential-algebraic equations and discrete events can be modelled
Easy-to-learn acausal object-oriented language
Graphics tool to create components by drawing them
Math assistants to generate robust final models

Kernel

General Description

Calls to external C, C++ and Fortran functions

Automatic DLL and C++ generation to re-use models
Add-in to execute models from Excel
Module to execute models from Matlab

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User Interface
EcosimPro User Interface: General
View Mode
General Toolbar

Editing area

Library area

-.el files
- compiled components
- partitions
- experiments
- symbols
- schematics

Messages area

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User Interface
View Mode: Schematic View

Creation or modification of models.

Creation and editing symbols and schematics.
Editing of component attributes
Etc

Draw toolbar

Schematic view toolbar

Symbols palette

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User Interface
View Mode: Schematic View

Open schematic

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User Interface
View Mode: Simulation View
Experiment simulation of associated models from loaded libraries.

Experiment
editing area

Schematic view toolbar

Partitions and
experiments area

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User Interface
View Mode: Simulation View
Running experiments

Execution in Monitor
Batch execution

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User Interface
View Mode: Code View
Use of the full potential of EcosimPro modelling language.
Creation and editing components

Code editing area

Code view toolbar

- Files tab.
- Items tab.
- Partitions tab.

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User Levels
LEVEL 1 : Library modellers need an in-depth knowledge of the
component math and the modelling language

LEVEL 2 : Completed library users. They design systems

graphically
LEVEL 3 : They create multiple experiments on a closed
mathematical model. Transient and steady-state studies,
optimisation, etc
LEVEL 4 : They use EcosimPro models from Excel, Matlab, C++,
Visual Basic, etc. EcosimPro need not be installed

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External Connections
C Functions

ActiveX

C++ classes
EcosimPro

FORTRAN functions

EcosimPro Overview

Excel

MATLAB / Simulink

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Mathematics: Symbolic Manipulation

With EcosimPro, components can be modelled in two ways:
- Models that have already been built can be re-used by
aggregation and inheritance
- New components can be created based on related modelling
equations or experimental data
With acausal modelling, equations can be introduced not as
assignments, but as physical equivalences
For example, we can write:

F=m*a
o
Fm*a=0
o
a= F/m
EcosimPro Overview

This is one of the keys to reuse the same components for

different studies because...
the equations are
automatically transformed!

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Mathematics: Mathematical Model wizards

What is a partition?

A partition in EcosimPro is a particular mathematical model of a
component.

The partition is the final model to be used in the experiments.

A partition is a closed mathematical problem wit the same number of
equations and unknowns. Since normally there are more variables than
equations, the user has to decide which are boundary conditions.

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Mathematics: Mathematical Model wizards

The partition is done by means of a set of wizards that helps the
user to:
- Define boundary conditions

EcosimPro Overview

- Define algebraic variables in non

linear boxes

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Mathematics: Solvers
ECOSIMPRO SOLVERS:
SOLVERS

EcosimPro is designed to solve differential and algebraic systems of

equations (DAEs). Like:

DAEs

r r d xr r
f x,
, t = 0
dt

Ordinary differential equations and algebraic equations are special cases

of DAEs:

ODEs

r
r
r r
r r
d x
d x r
= f (x , t )
f (x , t )
=0
dt
dt

Algebraic
equations

r r
r
r r r
r
f (x , t ) = 0
f (x , 0 , t ) = 0

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Mathematics: Solvers

DASSL is based on the Gear method for stiff problems (slow and fast
dynamic together). Its main features are:
Automatic selection of the integration step and order
Integration order changes between 1 and 5
Use of Newton-Raphson to solve the implicit system of the equations

EcosimPro provides as well a sparse version of DASSL to deal with big

models (Jacobian size is very big)

A classic fourth order Runge-Kutta is provided for solving ODE systems.

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EcosimPro .El Language

What is a Port?
A port encapsulates the variables that represent the actual
physical exchange among components
The components are connected by ports (electrical, control,
fluid, thermal, etc)
It greatly facilitates the modelling of complex systems because
it does not require working at variable level
What is a Component?
A component is the most elementary block in EcosimPro
It is a concept which is equivalent to a class in programming
The difference is that instead of encapsulating methods or
functions, it encapsulates a mathematical model

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EcosimPro .El Language

Port Examples:
Fluid Port changes:
-Mass flow
- Pressure

PORT Fluid
SUM REAL w "mass flow (kg/s)"
EQUAL REAL p "pressure (Pa)"
END PORT

PORT Signal SINGLE IN "Analog signals 1D port"

EQUAL OUT REAL signal "Analog signal values (-)"
END PORT
Signal Port changes:
- Analogue signal

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EcosimPro .El Language

Components are defined by:
Ports
Declaration of the ports

Declaration of data & variables (valve

area, pressure difference,)
Equations that represent the behaviour

Q = Cv

Component
Valve

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EcosimPro .El Language

Component Example:
COMPONENT Valve
PORTS
IN Fluid f_in
-- Fluid port IN
OUT Fluid f_out
-- Fluid port OUT
IN Signal position -- Control port IN
The equations are written
DATA
in any order and format.
REAL Cv
-- Max flow area
Afterwards, EcosimPro
DECLS
transforms them
REAL dP
-- Pressure differential
symbolically
REAL m
-- Mass flow
CONTINUOUS
f_in.P - f_out.P = dP -- calculation of pressure difference
m / sqrt(dP * f_in.rho) = Cv * position.signal
f_in.m = m
f_in.m = f_out.m
END COMPONENT

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Hydraulic system model

Example of the complete modelling and simulation of a hydraulic
system from a figure based on the single Pipe component

Pipe4

Pipe component
Pipe2

Pipe5
Pipe1
Pipe6

Pipe3

Connection between
components
EcosimPro Overview

Pipe7

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Hydraulic system model

Step 1: A fluid port to exchange mass flow and pressure must
be defined

PORT Fluid
SUM
EQUAL

REAL w
REAL p

"mass flow (kg/s)"

"pressure (Pa)"

END PORT

Variables that are

exchanged at each
connection

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Hydraulic system model

Step 2: A model is built of a basic, abstract parent
component (which cannot be instantiated)
Defines two
connecting ports
ABSTRACT COMPONENT Channel
PORTS
IN Fluid hp_in
OUT Fluid hp_out

"hydraulic port inlet"

"hydraulic port outlet"

DATA
REAL z_in = 0.
REAL z_out = 0.

"geometric elevation of inlet (m)"

"geometric elevation of outlet (m)"

Declares common
data

TOPOLOGY
PATH hp_in TO hp_out
END COMPONENT

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Hydraulic system model

Step 3: The Pipe component is modelled
COMPONENT Pipe IS_A Channel
DATA
Inherited from
REAL f = 0.020
"friction factor ()"
Channel component
REAL l = 1.
"pipe length (m)"
REAL d = 0.1
"pipe diameter (m)"
REAL dp_lam = 1000. "pressure drop for laminar flow (Pa)"
Declare the data
DECLS
REAL A
"area (m**2)"
REAL w_lam
"mass flow corresponding to dp_lam (kg/s)
CONTINUOUS
Declare the
-- Geometry
variables
A = 0.25 * PI * d**2
-- Laminar flow condition
w_lam / A = sqrt(2 * d * dp_lam * rho / f / l)
-- Conservation of mass
hp_out.w = hp_in.w

Write the equations

-- Conservation of momentum
hp_in.p - hp_out.p + rho * g * ( z_in - z_out ) = \
0.5 * f * l * fpow2(hp_in.w, w_lam) / d / rho / A**2
END COMPONENT
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BEWARE! These
are equations, NOT
ASSIGNMENTS
2010 EA Internacional
EcosimPro

Hydraulic system model

Step 4: The code is written into EcosimPro and compiled

Code the Pipe model

and compile it

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Hydraulic system model

Step 5: An icon is created for the component

Draw an icon for

the Pipe

It is now included on
the palette

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Hydraulic system model

Step 6: The piping system is designed (which will be another
component)

Create the hydraulic

system diagram and
compile it

Paleta

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EcosimPro

Hydraulic system model

g

Step 7: A valid mathematical partition is created

EcosimPro features wizards that help users to define final, robust
mathematical models. They engage in a dialogue with the user to:
Define variable boundaries
Break algebraic loops
Reduce high index mathematical problems

Wizard for defining

boundary conditions

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Hydraulic system model

g

Step 8: An experiment is created into which the model

integrates 15 seconds, imposing some laws on the boundary
conditions

Define values for

boundary conditions

The model integrates

15 seconds

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Hydraulic system model

Step 9: The simulation is run

View the evolution of

any model variable

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Current simulation areas

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EcosimPro

Current Libraries (I)

ECLSS
Environmental control and life
support systems in manned space craft

CONTROL

PROPSAT
Self-regulating
control systems

Satellite thermal
analysis

THERMAL

Hydraulic transients
in space propulsion
Hydraulic
transients

PIPELIQTRAN

EcosimPro
Hydraulic systems
Steady-state mode

PIPELIQ
Thermal balances in power
generating plants
(nuclear, combined cycle...)

Flow of compressible fluids

in piping systems

FLUID

THERMAL BALANCE
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Current Libraries (II)

TURBO
Aeronautical propulsion

PROCESS

ELECTRIC
Process plants

ESPSS

Rocket and
satellite propulsion

Electrical circuits

EcosimPro

1D mechanical
MECHANICAL
systems

PREDICT
Predictive control
Flight mechanics

FLIGHT

HEATPIPE
Loop heat pipes

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EcosimPro