6th SEM LESSON PLAN & QUESTION BANK

Session: Jan- May 2016

INDEX

INDEX
LESSON PLAN & QUESTION BANK
Sl.
No.

Subjects

Code

Course Instructor

Faculty
Initial

Page
No

..

..

1-2

1.

Index & General Guidelines

2.

Elements Of Information Theory and

Coding (LP&QB)

13TE351

Prof. V Mahadevan

VM

3-8

3.

Microwave Communication (LP&QB)

13TE352

Mr. Ranjan Chaudhuri

RC

9-16

4.

Digital Communication (LP&QB)

13TE353

Mr. Raghavendra M J
Ms. Chaya N S

MJR
CAS

17-20

5.

VLSI Circuit Design (LP&QB)

13TE354

Ms. S S Rekha

SSR

21-24

6.

Microwave Communication Lab

13TE355

Mr. Ranjan Chaudhuri

RC

25

7.

Digital Communication Lab

13TE356

Mr. Raghavendra M J
Ms. Chaya N S

MJR
CAS

26

8.

VLSI Circuit Design Lab

13TE357

Ms. S S Rekha

SSR

27

Class Coordinators: Ms. Karpagavalli P

Note: Portions for test will be announced one week before the commencement.
******

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INDEX

GENERAL GUIDELINES
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.

17.
18.
19.

Students are not permitted to attend the class without the identity card.
Students should be well on time right from the first class.
Students should keep the classrooms, laboratories and library clean.
Writing on the desks and walls is strictly prohibited, failing which the students will be
fined heavily. If the identity of the individual is not established the entire class/students
in the class will be fined.
Students are advised to show due respect to all faculty regardless of their department and
maintain an affable personality.
Students are to maintain absolute discipline and decorum, so as to promote the fair name
of the college in all its activity.
Students securing less than 75 attendance in any individual subject will not be allowed to
take up the SEE. No appeals will be entertained regarding shortage of attendance.
Students are informed that they may clarify their doubts in the respective subjects with
the faculty by taking prior appointment.
Students are to inform their parents to follow up the progress of their wards, to inform
about PTM by being in touch with the college authorities, at regular intervals.
Ragging is punishable under Karnataka Education Act and is strictly prohibited.
Any student involved in ragging will be severely punished.
Students who secure less than 60 in the SEE and / or who secure less than 60 in the CIE
are to go through the Student Academic Support Programme (SASP) compulsorily.
Students should come prepared for all the experiments before attending the laboratory
session.
Students should bring the completed observation book and laboratory records to the
laboratory & return the components issued in good condition at the end of the lab
session.
Students have to score a minimum of 40 in internal assessment in the Lab & theory,
failing which he/she will be denied the SEE under the clause Non Satisfying Sessional
Requirements (NSSR).
The final attendance and the sessional marks will be displayed on the notice board at the
end of the semester. It is the responsibility of the students to verify the correctness
and report discrepancies, if any, to the concerned faculty / class incharge.
If a student is found guilty of any malpractices in the test/quiz, his/her sessional marks in
all the subjects of that test will be treated as zero. In addition, the parents have to
personally come and discuss the issue with the HoD to avoid rusticating the student from
the college.
Mobile phone strictly prohibited on campus.
The students are informed to approach the concerned faculty advisors for any
communication to the Dept.
Any correspondences to the department must have parents letter and submit to their
Class-Incharge (after signed by faculty advisors and HoD).
4 SMILE AND BE PROUD OF BEING A PART OF THE P.E.S.I.T FAMILY 4

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INDEX

INFORMATION THEORY AND CODING (4-0-0-4)

Subject Code: 13TE351
Chapter Title/
Reference
Literature

Class

UNIT I
19

T1: 4.1, 4.2, 4.2.4,

4.2.5

(9Hrs)

T2 : 2.1
T3: 2.1 -2.3,
2.5 - 2.8
UNIT II

10-19
(10Hrs)

T1: 4.3, 4.3.1

T2 : 2.2, 2.3
T3: 5.1 -5.4
UNIT III

20-32
(13Hrs)

Faculty: Prof. VM
Portions to be Covered
Information Theory
Introduction, Measure of information. Discrete
memory less source. Entropy, Properties of
Entropy, Information rate, Extension of zero
memory source, Sources with finite memoryMark-off statistical model for information
source, Entropy and information rate of mark-off
source.

No. of Hours: 52
% Portions Covered
Reference
Cumulative
Chapter

16

16

19

35

25

60

Source Coding
Definition of codes, Basic properties of codes,
Construction of instantaneous codes, Shannons
first
theorem
(Noiseless
coding
theorem).Encoding of the source output,
Shannons encoding algorithm. Shannon Fano
binary encoding algorithm, Huffman coding,
Communication Channels

R1: 4.4, 4.5, 4.5.1,

4.5.2, 4.6, 4.6.1

Discrete communication channels, Joint and

Conditional Entropies, Mutual Information,
Properties of mutual information, Capacity of a
R2: 2.4, 2.5, 2.6
discrete memoryless channel, Shannons
theorem on channel capacity, Capacity of special
R3: 3.1 to 3.4, 3.6, channels, Cascaded channels.
Continuous
3.8,
channels. Differential entropy of continuous
signals, Maximization of entropy. Mutual
information of continuous noisy channel,
Shannon-Hartley law and its implications.

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INDEX

UNIT IV
33-42
(10Hrs)

R1: 9.1, 9.1.1,

9.1.2, 9.1.3, 9.1.4,
9.2, 9.2.1, 9.2.2,
9.2.3, 9.2.4, 9.3,
9.3.1, 9.3.2, 9.3.3
R2: 8.3, 8.4
R3: 6.4, 6.5, 6.9,
Unit V

43-52
(10Hrs)

R1: 9.3.4, 9.4, 9.5,

9.6, 9.6.1, 9.6.2
R2: 8.4, 8.5, 8.6
R3: 7.7, 7.8, 7.10
to 7.13, 8.2, 8.3,
8.5.4, 8.6.1

Introduction to Error Control Coding

Introduction, Types of errors, Types of codes,
Linear Block Codes: Matrix description, Error
detection and correction, Standard arrays and
table look up for decoding, Binary Cyclic Codes,
Algebraic structures of cyclic codes, Encoding
using an (n-k) bit shift register, Syndrome
calculation.

20

80

20

100

Special codes and Convolution Codes

BCH codes. CRC codes, Majority Logic
Decodable codes, RS codes, Golay codes,
Shortened cyclic codes, Burst and random error
correcting codes.
Convolution Codes, Time domain approach.
Transform domain approach, Tree and Trellis
diagram, The Viterbi Algorithm.

Text Books:
1. Digital and Analog Communication Systems, K. Sam Shanmugam, John Wiley, 1996
2. Digital Communication, Simon Haykin, John Wiley, 2003
3. Concepts of Information Theory and Coding, Dr. P.S. Satyanarayana, Dyanaram
Publications, 2005

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INDEX

Subject Code: 13TE351

Information Theory and Coding

Faculty: Prof. VM

Question Bank:
1. Explain the terms (i) Self information (ii) Average information (iii) Mutual Information.
2. Discuss the reason for using logarithmic measure for measuring the amount of information.
3. Explain the concept of amount of information associated with message. Also explain what is infinite
information and zero information.
4. A binary source emitting an independent sequence of 0s and 1s with probabilities p and (1-p)
respectively. Plot the entropy of the source.
5. Explain the concept of information, average information, information rate and redundancy as referred
to information transmission.
6. Let X represents the outcome of a single roll of a fair dice. What is the entropy of X?
7. A code is composed of dots and dashes. Assume that the dash is 3 times as long as the dot and has onethird the probability of occurrence. (i) Calculate the information in dot and that in a dash; (ii) Calculate
the average information in dot-dash code; and (iii) Assume that a dot lasts for 10 ms and this same time
interval is allowed between symbols. Calculate the average rate of information transmission.
8. What do you understand by the term extension of a discrete memoryless source. Show that the entropy
of the nth extension of a DMS is n times the entropy of the original source.
9. A card is drawn from a deck of playing cards. A) You are informed that the card you draw is spade.
How much information did you receive in bits? B) How much information did you receive if you are told
that the card you drew is an ace? C) How much information did you receive if you are told that the card
you drew is an ace of spades? Is the information content of the message ace of spades the sum of the
information contents of the messages spade and ace?
10. a block and white TV picture consists of 525 lines of picture information. Assume that each consists
of 525 picture elements and that each element can have 256 brightness levels. Pictures are repeated the
rate of 30/sec. Calculate the average rate of information conveyed by a TV set to a viewer.
11. A zero memory source has a source alphabet S={S1, S2, S3} with P={1/2, 1/4, 1/4}. Find the entropy
of the source. Also determine the entropy of its second extension and verify that H(S2) = 2H(S).
12. Show that the entropy is maximum when source transmits symbols with equal probability. Plot the
entropy of this source versus p (0<p<1).
13. The output of an information source consists OF 128 symbols, 16 of which occurs with probability of
1/32 and remaining 112 occur with a probability of 1/224. The source emits 1000 symbols/sec. Assuming
that the symbols are chosen independently, find the rate of information of the source.
14. A CRT terminal is used to enter alphanumeric data into a computer, the CRT is connected through a
voice grade telephone line having usable bandwidths of 3KHz and an output S/N of 10Db. Assume that
the terminal has 128 chatracters and data is sent in an independent manner with equal probability.
1 1) Find average information per character.
2 2) Find capacity of the channel.
3 3) Find maximum rate at which data can be sent from terminal to the computer without error.
15. A message source produces two independent symbols A and B with probabilities P(A)=0.4 and
P(B)=0.6. Calculate the efficiency of the source and hence its redundancy. If the symbols are received in
average with 4 in every 100 symbols in error, calculate the transmission rate of the system.
16. A message source produces two independent symbols U and V with probabilities P(v)=0.6 and
P(U)=0.4. Calculate the efficiency of the source and hence the redundancy. If the symbols are received on
average with 3 in every 100 symbols in error & calculate the transmission rate of the system.

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INDEX

17. The output of a DMS consists of the possible letters x1, x2xn which occur with probabilities
p1,p2,.pn respectively. Prove that the entropy of H(x) of the source is at least log2n.
18. What do you mean by source encoding? Name the functional requirements to be satisfied in the
development of an efficient source encoder.
19. For a binary communication system, a 0 or 1 is transmitted. Because of noise on the channel, a 0
can be received as 1 and vice-versa. Let m0 and m1 represent the events of transmitting 0 and 1
respectively. Let r0 and r0 denote the events of receiving 0 and 1 respectively. Let p(m0) = 0.5,
p(r1/m0) = p
i. Find p(r0) and p(r1)
ii. If a 0 was received what is the probability that 0 was sent
iii. If a 1 was received what is the probability that 1 was sent.
iv. Calculate the probability of error.
v. Calculate the probability that the transmitted symbol is read correctly at the receiver.
20. State Shannon-Hartleys law. Derive an equation showing the efficiency of a system in terms of the
information rate per Unit bandwidth. How is the efficiency of the system related to B/W?
21. For a discrete memory less source of entropy H(S), show that the average code-word length for any
distortion less source encoding scheme is bounded as LH(S).
22. Calculate the capacity of a standard 4KHz telephone channel working in the range of 200 to 3300
KHz with a S/N ratio of 30 dB.
23. What is the meaning of the term communication channel. Briefly explain data communication
channel, coding channel and modulation channel.
24. Obtain the communication capacity of a noiseless channel transmitting n discrete message system/sec.
25. Explain extremal property and additivity property.
26. Suppose that S1, S2 are two memory sources with probabilities p1,p2,p3,pn for source s1 and
q1,q2,.qn for source s2 . Show that the entropy of the source s1
n
H(s1) Pk log (1/qk)
K =1
27. Explain the concept of B/W and S/N trade-off with reference to the communication channel.
28. What are important properties of the codes?
29. what are the disadvantages of variable length coding?
30. Explain with examples:
Uniquely decodable codes, Instantaneous codes
31. Explain the Shannon-Fano coding procedure for the construction of an optimum code
32. Explain clearly the procedure for the construction of compact Huffman code.
33. A discrete source transmits six messages symbols with probabilities of 0.3, 0.2, 0.2, 0.15, 0.1, 0.05.
Device suitable Fano and Huffmann codes for the messages and determine the average length and
efficiency of each code.
34. Consider the messages given by the probabilities 1/16, 1/16, 1/8, , . Calculate H. Use the ShannonFano algorithm to develop a efficient code and for that code, calculate the average number of
bits/message compared with H.
35. Consider a source with 8 alphabets and respective probabilities as shown:
ABCDEFGH
0.20 0.18 0.15 0.10 0.08 0.05 0.02 0.01
Construct the binary Huffman code for this. Construct the quaternary Huffman and code
and show that the efficiency of this code is worse than that of binary code
36. Define Noiseless channel and deterministic channel.
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INDEX

A source produces symbols X, Y,Z with equal probabilities at a rate of 100/sec. Owing to noise on the
channel, the probabilities of correct reception of the various symbols are as shown:

Determine the rate at which information is being received.

37. Determine the rate of transmission l(x,y) through a channel whose noise characteristics is shown in
fig. P(A1)=0.6, P(A2)=0.3, P(A3)=0.1

38. For a discrete memory less source of entropy H(S), show that, the average code-word length for any
distortionless source encoding scheme is bounded as L H(S).
39. Briefly discuss the classification of codes.
40. Show that H(X,Y) = H(X/Y)+H(Y).
41. State the properties of mutual information.
42. Show that I(X,Y) = I(Y,X) for a discrete channel.
43. For a binary erasure channels show in figure below and Find the following:
i. The average mutual information in bits
ii. The channel capacity
iii. The values of p(x1) and p(x2) for maximum mutual information

44. A DMS has an alphabet of seven symbols whose probabilities of occurrences are described here:
Symbol: S0 S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6
Prob 0.25 0.125 0.125 0.125 0.125 0.0625 0.0625
Compute the Huffman code for this source, moving a combined symbol as high as possible, Explain why
the computed source code has an efficiency of 100%.
45. Consider a binary block code with 2n code words of same length n. Show that the Kraft inequality is
satisfied for such a code.
46. Write short notes on the following:
Binary Symmetric Channels (BSC), Binary Erasure Channels (BEC)
Uniform Channel, Cascaded channels
47. Show that for a AWGN channel C = 1.4478/ where /2 = noise power spectral density in watts/Hz.
48. Consider an AWGN channel with 4 KHz bandwidth with noise power spectral density /2 = 10 -12
watts/Hz. The signal power required at the receiver is 0.1mW. Calculate the capacity of the channel.
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INDEX

49. If I(xi, yi) = I(xi)-I(xi/yj). Prove that I(xi,yj)=I(yj)-I(yj/xi)

50. Consider a continuous random variable having a distribution as given below

Find the differential entropy H(x)

51. Design a single error correcting code with a message block size of 11 and show that by an example
that it can correct single error.
52. If Ci and Cj an two code vectors in a (n,k) linear block code, show that their sum is also a code vector.
53. Show CHT=0 for a linear block code.
54. Prove that the minimum distance of a linear block code is the smallest weight of the non-zero code
vector in the code.
55. What is error control coding? Which are the functional blocks of a communication system that
accomplish this? Indicate the function of each block. What is the error detection and correction on the
performance of communication system?
56. Explain briefly the following:
a. Golay code
b. BCH Code
57. Explain the methods of controlling errors
58. List out the properties of linear codes.
59. Explain the importance of hamming codes & how these can be used for error detection and correction.
60. Write a standard array for (7.4) code
61. Explain the properties of binary cyclic cods.
62. With a neat diagrams explain the binary cyclic encoding and decoding
63. Write short notes on the following
(i) BCH codes (ii) Majority Logic decodable codes (iii) Maximum length codes iv) R-S codes
(v) Golay codes (vi) Burst errors & its correction
64. Draw the generalized encoder diagram for convolutional codes.
65. Differentiate the systematic and nonsymmetric codes
66. Explain the following terms.
Hamming distance code rate
Free distance weight of code
*****

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INDEX

MICROWAVE COMMUNICATION (4-0-0-4)

Subject Code: 13TE352
Class
#
1
2-5
6-8
9
10
11

Chapter Title / Reference

Literature
UNIT I
MICROWAVE NETWORK
THEORY & PASSIVE
DEVICES
R1 : CHAPTER 4.6
R2 : CHAPTER
4.3,9.5,7.1,7.2,7.4,7.6,7.8

19-20

UNIT II
MICROWAVE VACUUM
TUBE DEVICES

21-23

R1 : CHAPTER
9.2,9.3,9.4,9.5,10.1

16-18

24-26
27-28

29- 34

35-38
39-42

UNIT III
MICROWAVE SOLID
STATE DEVICES

Introduction to microwaves,
microwave frequencies
Microwave network theory,
Microwave phase shifters,
Isolators.
Power dividers and directional
couplers : Basic properties
3 port and 4 port networks,

% of Portion covered
Reference

Cumulative

23

23

21

44

21

65

15

80

T junctions power dividers

Waveguide direction couplers

Reflex Klystrons,
Multicavity Klystron amplifiers
Helix Travelling Wave tube
Magnetron Oscillators
Introduction, Gunn effect
Diodes GaAs diode
Ridley Watkins-Hilsum
theory
Modes of operation :

Avalanche transit time devices:

R1 :CHAPTER
7.0,7.1,7.2,7.3, 8.1,8.2,8.3,8.4 Introduction, Read diode,
IMPATT diodes, TRAPATT,
BARITT diodes
PIN diode, PIN diode control
UNIT IV
circuits
MICROWAVE SOLID
STATE DEVICES
Crystal diode, Parametric
R1 : CHAPTER - 8.5
amplifiers
R2 : CHAPTER -10.2,10.3
Introduction to Microwave
systems,

43
P.E.S.I.T

Topics to be covered

No. of Hours: 52

Coupled line direction couplers

& circulators

12
13 -15

Faculty : Mr. RC

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INDEX

44-45

20

Microwave communication
systems

UNIT V

46-48

MICROWAVE SYSTEMS

49

R2 : CHAPTER
12.2,12.3,12.4,12.6

100

RADAR systems
Radiometry
Other applications: Microwave
heating,energy transfer ,
electronic warfare, biological
effects & safety

50-52

Literature
Book Type

Code

Publication Info

Title & Author

Edition

Reference
Book
Reference
Book

P.E.S.I.T

Microwave Devices and

R1

Circuits By

Publisher

Year

Pearson
rd

Samuel Y Liao

Education,

--

New-Delhi

Microwave Engineering
R2

By David M Pozar

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John Wiley

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2004

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INDEX

MICROWAVE COMMUNICATION
Subject Code: 13TE352

Faculty : Mr. RC
QUESTION BANK

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.

27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
P.E.S.I.T

Why Scattering Matrix is required?

Explain the principle of operation of H Plane Tee
Explain the principle of operation of E plane Tee
Explain the principle of operation of Magic Tee
Explain the principle of operation of Directional Coupler.
Derive scattering matrix for H plane Tee
Derive Scattering Matrix for E plane Tee
Derive Scattering Matrix for Magic Tee
Derive Scattering Matrix for Directional Coupler
Show that a 3-Port network cannot be matched in all the three ports
Write a note on Windows
Write a note on Posts
Write a note on Tuning Screws
Write a note on Coupling Probes
Write a note on Bends
Write a note on Phase Shifters
With neat diagrams explain the operation of a short circuit plunger
Explain how waveguide irises can be used to realize resonant effects.
Explain how waveguide Irises can be used to realize capacitance.
Explain the working of a dielectric phase shifter.
Mention the applications of Magic Tee
Mention the applications of Directional Coupler
Mention applications of Cavity resonator.
Two identical 30 dB directional couplers are used in a waveguide to sample incident
and reflected powers. The outputs of two couplers are 120 and 25 watts respectively.
Find the VSWR.
The distance between two minima points in a slotted waveguide is 1 cm. The measured
VSWR at these points is 2.56. Find the true VSWR.
Calculate the SWR of a transmission system operating at 9 GHz. The waveguide
transmission system has dimensions = (4 * 3 cm). The distance measured between
twice minimum points is 1.2 mm on a slotted line. Assume TE 1.0 mode. Also find its
reflection coefficient.
With a neat diagram explain the construction of a ridge wave guide .
What are the advantages and disadvantages of ridge waveguide over ordinary
rectangular waveguide.
What is a wave guide impedance transformer ?
With neat diagrams explain the operation of a short circuit plunger
What are the properties of S matrix ? Derive the S matrix representation of a three port
circulator
Give the constructional features and working principle of Isolator and Magic Tee
Explain the working of Bethe Hole Coupler with its S Matrix representation
What is scattering matrix ? State and explain the properties of a scattering matrix.
With the help of scattering matrix, explain the properties of a Magic Tee.
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INDEX

35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.

55.
56.
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
P.E.S.I.T

Explain how magic tee is used as a duplexer in radar system.

What are the problems faced by the active devices while operating at Microwave
Frequencies.
Discrete passive components cannot be used at microwave frequencies. Justify the
statement.
Explain the transit time effect at high frequencies of conventional tubes. How is this
eliminated in microwave tubes .
Explain the effect of circuit Reactance on the performance of the Conventional Electron
Tubes at HUF.
If the useful range of a triode is limited to a point where the Transit Time becomes
1/10th of the time period, calculate upto what frequency one can operate a tube with
cathode anode spacing of 5 mm when the anode voltage is 250 volts.
How Applegate Diagram helps in explaining the working of Reflex Klystron.
With the help of a neat diagram explain the operating principles of a Reflex Klystron
Oscillator. Compare its performance with BWO.
What devices depend on the slow wave for their operation? What devices depend on
magnetic field interaction for their operation.
What are the advantages of more than two cavities in a Klystron?
Describe the two cavity Klystron amplifier, with the aid of schematic diagrams.
With the help of a neat diagram explain the operating principles of Travelling Wave
Tube.
How does velocity modulation take place in Klystron? Explain with Applegate diagrams
How does a traveling wave tube Amplifier work? Explain with neat sketches
A TWT has the following characteristics .Beam voltage Vo=2KV Beam current IO = 4
mA frequency = 8 GHz length N= 50 and characteristic impedance ZO = 20 ohms
Determine the gain parameter and the power gain in decibels
What are the differences between Klystron Amplifier and TWTA
Explain the working of TWTA
Explain how varactor diode can be used as degenerate amplifier
Describe the construction, working and application of Gunn Diode.
An n type GaAs Gunn Diode has the following parameters.
Electron Drift Velocity 2.5 * 1005 m/s
Negative Electron Mobility - 0.014 m2 /vs
Relative dielectric constant = 13.8
Determine the criterion for classifying modes of operation
Explain Gunn Effect. Why Gunn Devices are called Diodes.
With a neat sketch explain the construction of a Gunn diode.
Explain how Gunn diode is used as an oscillator.
The drift velocity of electrons is 2x 10e 7 cm/sec through the active region of length
.001 cm. Calculate the natural frequency of the Gunn diode and critical voltage.
How are Gunn domains formed? How does the domain formation lead to microwave
generation?
A specimen of n type GaAs used to fabricate a Gunn Diode has a length = 200 m and
cross-sectional are =3.5 * 103 cm2. What should be the voltage applied to get a
Threshold field of 2800 V/cm.
What are the applications of Gunn Oscillators and Amplifiers?
With the aid of a suitable sketch describe the construction and operation of PIN Diode.
Discuss the performance and applications of Schottky Barrier Diode
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INDEX

64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
71.

72.

Draw the schematic diagram of an IMPATT Diode and fully explain the two effects that
combine to produce 180 degree phase difference between the applied voltage and
resulting current pulse.
Briefly describe the basic operation mechanism of TRAPATT Diode using suitable
diagram.
Compare IMPATT, TRAPATT & GUNN Oscillators.
Explain the different modes of operation of a Gunn diode
Describe the construction of a PIN diode switch
Discuss the principle of operation of IMPATT oscillator
What are transit time devices? Explain at least two of them
Explain the following
(i) Radiometry (ii) Satellite communication
(iii) Hazards of microwave communication
Write short notes on a) TRAPATT (b) Microwave radiation hazards
(c) Microwave heating

Q.1 Choose the correct or the best alternative in the following: (2 10)
a. Impedance inversion may be obtained with :
(A) a short-circuited stub (B) an open circuited stub
(C) a quarter wave line (D) a wave line
b. In order to couple two generators to a waveguide system without coupling
them to each other , one could not use a :
(A) Rat race (B) E-plane T
(C) Hybrid ring (D) Magic T
c. For low attenuation, the best transmission medium is :
(A) flexible waveguide (B) ridged wave-guide
(C) rectangular waveguide (D) coaxial line
d. A PIN diode is :
(A) A metal semiconductor point-contact diode.
(B) A microwave mixer diode.
(C) Often used as a microwave detector
(D) Suitable for use as a microwave switch.
e. The gain bandwidth frequency of a microwave transistor fT , is the frequency
at which :
(A) Alpha of transistor falls by 3dB
(B) Beta of transistor falls by 3dB
(C) Power gain of transistor falls to unity
(D) Beta of transistor falls to unity
f. The main disadvantage of the two-hole directional coupler is :
(A) low directional coupling (B) poor directivity
(C) narrow bandwidth (D) high SWR
g. Calculate the output power of given circuit, if input power is 1mW

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(A) 0 dBm. (B) 66 dBm.

(C) 10 dB (D) None of these
h. A wave guide can be considered as :
(A) Band pass filter (B) Band stop filter
(C) Low pass filter (D) High pass filter
i. If in a rectangular waveguide for which a = 2b, the cutoff frequency for TE02 :
mode is 12 GHz, the cutoff frequency for TM11 mode is
(A) 3_5 GHz (B) 3 GHz
(C) 12 GHz (D) 6_5 GHz
j. ___________is directly measured in sweep reflectometer
(A) SWR (B) Impedance
(C) Return loss (D) reflection coefficient
Answer any FIVE Questions out of EIGHT Questions.
Each question carries 16 marks.
Q.2 a. Starting from the two time harmonic Maxwells curl equation in cylindrical
co-ordinates. Express the transverse field components Er, E, Hr, and H in
terms of the longitudinal components Ez and Hz. What equation must Ez
and Hz satisfy. (8)
b. Explain Rectangular Cavity Resonators and derive an expression for its
resonant frequency. (8)
Q.3 a. A 200 volt (rms) generator having an internal resistance of 200W is
feeding a lossless transmission line. The characteristic impedance and the
length of the line are 200W and 10 m respectively. The line is terminated
in a resistive load of 100W . If the operate frequency is 37.5 MHz.
Calculate the
(i) Current drawn from the generator.
(ii) Magnitude and phase of the current flowing in the load and
(iii) Power delivered to the load. (8)
b. Briefly explain the stub matching technique. (8)
Q.4 a. What are directional couplers? Define directivity, coupling factor, isolation
and insertion loss of directional couplers. Also, discuss in brief Bethe hole
coupler and bi-directional couplers. (8)
b. A symmetrical directional coupler with infinite directivity and a forward
attenuation of 20 dB is used to monitor the power delivered to a load ZL .
Bolometer 1 introduces a VSWR of 2 on arm 4; Bolometer 2 is matched to
arm 3. If Bolometer 1 reads 8mW and bolometer2 reads 2mW, find the
amount of power dissipated in the load ZL and VSWR on arm 2. (8)

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INDEX

Q.5 a. What is scattering matrix? Discuss the following properties of S matrix

(i) Symmetry property
(ii) Unitary property
(iii) Phase shift property (8)
b. Prove with the help of Maxwells equations that TEM mode cannot exist in
rectangular waveguide. (8)
Q.6 a. With the help of two-valley model along with the emphasis of drift
velocity, explain the negative resistance property of a gunn diode. (10)
b. Write a short note on MASERS. (6)
Q.7 a. Describe how can the power of a microwave generator be measured using
Bolometer. (8)
b. (i) A varactor diode has a cut off frequency of 2450 MHz. What is the
operating Q at a frequency of 54 MHz?
(ii) A silicon varactor has a zero potential capacitance of 100 pF. If the m
factor is , what is the capacitance when the applied voltage is 4 V d.c.?
Assume a barrier potential of 0.65 V and K=1.
Q.8 a. Briefly explain the concept of Duct propagation. (8)
b. A rectangular air filled copper wave guide with dimension 0.9 inch 0.4
inch cross section and 12 length is operated at 9.2 GHz with dominant
mode. Find
(i) Cut-off frequency (ii) Guide wavelength
(iii) Phase velocity (iv) Characteristic Impedance. (8)
Q.9 Write short notes on any TWO:
(i) Critical frequency
(ii) Skip distance
(iii) Maximum usable frequency (28)
Q.1 Choose the correct or the best alternative in the following: (210)
a. A transmission line has following parameters R = 2 _/m, G = 0.5 m mho/m,
L = 8 nH/m, C = 0.23 pF, f = 1GHz, Its characteristic impedance is given by ______.
(A) 50 _ (B) 75 _
(C) 100 _ (D) 179.44+j26.50
b. A certain transmission line has a characteristic impedance of 75 + j0.01 _ and is
terminated in a load impedance of 70 + j50 _. The reflection coefficient is _____
(A) 0.8+j40 (B) 0.6+j50
(C) 0.9+j60 (D) 0.08+j0.32
c. A micro wave circulator is a multiport junction where the power can flow from _______
(A) port(1) to port(2) and port(2) to port(3) etc
(B) port(3) to port(2) and port(2)to port(1)
(C) port 1 to all other ports
(D) microwave circulators cannot be used for power carrying purposes
d. A two cavity Klystron is a widely used microwave amplifier operated by ______ and ________ .
(A) Velocity and current modulation
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(B) Electron motion

(C) On same principals as low frequency tubes
(D) Slow wave structure
e. Crossed field tubes derive their names from the fact that
(A) D.C electric field and D.C magnetic field are perpendicular to each other
(B) A.C magnetic field and A.C electric field are horizontal to each other
(C) A.C magnetic field and A.C electric field are perpendicular to each other
(D) There is no relation between A.C magnetic field and A.C electric field
f. X band pulsed cylindrical magnetron has magnetic flux density BO = 0.336
wb/mt2, its cyclotron angular frequency is ________.
(A) 5.911010 rad (B) 111010 radians
(C) 5105 rad (D) 6105 radians
h. The phase velocity of a TEM wave can be expressed by the relation which is the
velocity of light in an unbounded dielectric is given by __________.
(A) Vp = w/_g (B) Vp = w/_o
(C) Vp = w/wo (D) Vp = _g/ _o
i. The tunnel diode is a ____________ resistance semiconductor p-n junction diode
(A) positive (B) negative
(C) high (D) low
j. In a directional coupler all four ports are completely matched, and then diagonal elements
of the S matrix are given by ________.
(A) S11 = S22 = S33 = S44 = 0 (B) S11= S22 = S33 = S44 =1/_2
(C) S11= S22 = S33 = S44 =1 (D) S11= S22 = S33 = S44 =3/2
Answer any FIVE Questions out of EIGHT Questions.
Each question carries 16 marks.
Q.4 a. What are directional couplers, explain with a neat diagram. Derive an expression
for an S matrix of directional coupler (8)
b. Writ short notes on: (i) Microwave Hybrids (ii) Microwave Isolator (8)
Q.5 a. Explain the principles of operation of microwave tunnel diode. (6)
b. Draw a neat diagram of TRAPATT diode; explain the principle of operation
with neat figures (4)
c. Avalanche zone velocity of a TRAPATT diode has following parameters.
Doping concentration NA = 21015 cm-3, current density J = 20 KA/cm2.
Calculate the avalanche-zone velocity. (6)
Q.6 a. Write the schematic diagram of two cavity klystron amplifier and explain the
velocity modulation process (8)
b. A two cavity Klystron has following parameters Vo = 1000 volts, Ro = 40 K_, Io
= 25 mA, f = 3GHz. The gap spacing in either cavity is d = 1mm spacing
between two cavities L = 4cms, Effective shunt impedance, excluding beam
loading Rsh = 30K_. Calculate the efficiency of the amplifier neglecting beam
loading. (8)
Q.7 a. Draw the schematic diagram of a cylindrical magnetron oscillator and explain its
action (6)
b. Obtain Hull cut off magnetic equation and cut off voltage for cylindrical
magnetron. (5)
c. An X band pulsed cylindrical magnetron has the following operating
parameters. Anode voltage Vo = 26 K volts, Beam current Io = 27 A, Magnetic
flux density Bo = 0.336 wb/m2. Radius of cathode cylinder a = 5 cms, Radius of
vane edge to center = b = 10 cms, compute the (i) cyclotron angular fr (ii) Cut
off voltage for a fixed Bo (iii) The cut off magnetic flux density (5)

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INDEX

DIGITAL COMMUNICATION (4-0-0-4)

Subject Code: 13TE353
Class

(1-10)
10 Hrs

(11-20)
10 Hrs

(21-30)
10 Hrs

(31-36)
6 Hrs

P.E.S.I.T

Faculty: M.J.R/CAS

Chapter Title/Reference

Unit 1:
Introduction, Sampling
Process
Chapter 1 ,4 of R1

Unit 2:
Wave form Coding
Techniques,
Chapter 5 of R1

Topics to be covered
Basic signal processing
operations in digital
communication
Channels for digital
communication
Sampling theorem, Quadrature
Sampling of BP signal
Reconstruction of a message
from its samples
Signal distortion in sampling
Practical aspects of sampling
and signal recovery, PAM,TDM
Related problems
PCM, Channel noise and error
probability
Quantization noise and SNR

No. of Hours: 52
% of portions Covered
Reference
Cumulative

Robust quantization &SNR,

robust quantization

DPCM,DM
ADM, Coding speech at low bit
rates, applications,
Related Problems
Discrete PAM signals, Power
spectra of discrete PAM signals
ISI, Nyquist criterion for
Unit 3:
distortionless base band binary
Base-band shaping for data transmission
transmission
Correlative coding,
Eye pattern
Chapter 6 of R1
Base band M-ary PAM Systems,
adaptive equalization for data
transmission and related
problems.
Gram-Schmidt
orthogonalization procedure
Unit 5:
Geometric interpretation signals
C
orrelation receiver
Detection and estimation
Chapter 3 of R1
Matched filter receiver
Estimation : Concept and criteria
Maximum likelihood estimation
Related problems
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19

19

19

38

19

57

12

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INDEX

Unit 4:
Digital Modulation
Techniques
Chapter 7 of R1

(37-46)
10 Hrs

(47-52)
6 Hrs

Digital Modulation formats,

ASK
Frequency shift keying

Frequency shift keying related

problems
Phase shift keying and problems
DPSK and problems
Quadrature phase shift keying
Quadrature phase shift keying
related problems
MSK
M-ary modulation techniques
Related Problems
Unit 5:
Pseudo noise sequences, notion
of spread spectrum
Direct sequence spread coherent
binary PSK
Spread spectrum
Signal space dimensionality
Modulation, OFDM
Processing gain
Frequency hopped spread
Chapter 9 of R1, Chapter 5 spectrum
of R2
Applications
OFDM Introduction and Block
diagram
Signal Model and Definitions
Synchronization Errors.

20

89

11

100

Reference Books:
1) Digital Communication, Simon Haykin, John Whiley,2003
2) OFDM for Wireless Communication Systems, Ramjee Prasad, Universal Personal
communications
3) Digital Communications ,Bernard Sklar, Pearson Education

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INDEX

DIGITAL COMMUICTION

Sub. Code: 13TE353

Question Bank

Faculty: MJR/CAS

Unit-1
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)

State sampling theorem for low pass signals.

With relevant mathematical interpretation and waveforms derive an expression interpolation formula.
Obtain an expression for the Fourier Transform of a natural sampled signal.
Relate the flat top sampled signal with ideal sampling with relevant mathematical equations.
Derive an expression for the Fourier transform of the flat top sampled signal.
Compare natural sampled signal with ideally sampled signal with relevant mathematical equations.
With a neat block diagram explain a typical digital communication system.
Explain the principle of Quadrature sampling of band pass signals.

9) Explain the principle of TDM.

10) With a neat block diagram explain TDM system.
11) What are the different aspects to be taken in to account in various types of sampling and signal

recovery?

12) Related problems of chapter 4.

Unit-2

13) With a suitable block diagram, explain the functioning of a PCM system.
14) Derive an expression for maximum signal to quantization noise ratio for PCM

system that employs mid-riser quantizer.

15) Briefly explain quantization noise in Mid-tread and Mid-riser Quantizers.

16) Distinguish between Mid-riser and mid-tread quantizer
17) Explain the principles of Delta modulation. With relevant figures and mathematical expressions
18)
19)
20)
21)
22)
23)

explain the functioning of DM transmitter and receiver.

Write a note on non uniform quantizer.
Explain the principle of DPCM.
Explain with a suitable block diagram how ADPCM is used to code speech at low bit rate.
With a neat block digram explain adaptive sub-band coding.
Derive an expression for the Signal to noise ratio of the Non-uniform quantizer.
Related problems in chapter 5 of R1.
Unit-3

24) What are discrete PAM signals?

25) Derive the expression for power spectral density of different types of discrete PAM signals.
26) What is ISI? Derive an expression for Nyquist pulse shaping criteria for distortion less baseband
27)
28)
29)
30)
31)
32)
P.E.S.I.T

binary transmission.
What is correlative coding?
What is an Eye pattern? Explain how it is helpful in understanding the ISI problem.
With a neat structure explain the concept of the adaptive equalization process.
What do you understand by Duo binary signaling and what is its significance?
What is the advantage of modified duo-binary signaling?
Related problems in chapter 6 of R1.
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33)
34)
35)
36)
37)
38)
39)
40)
41)
42)

43)
44)
45)
46)
47)
48)
49)
50)
51)
52)
53)
54)
55)
56)
57)
58)
59)
60)
61)
62)

Unit-4
How digital modulation techniques are classified?
With a neat block diagram explain Coherent BPSK receiver .
Explain the working of a BPSK transmitter and receiver. What are the drawbacks of BPSK system?
Estimate the probability of error of a BPSK signal.
Explain the operation of Binary Frequency Shift Keying (BFSK) transmitter and receiver with
necessary block diagrams.
With neat block diagrams explain the DPSK transmitter and receiver. Illustrate the generation of
DPSK signal by assuming binary input sequence.
Explain the M-ary FSK transmitter and receiver.
Discuss base band transmission of M-ary data.
Estimate the probability of error of M-ary PSK system.
Related problems in chapter 7 of R1.
Unit-5
Explain Gram Schmidt Orthogonalization Procedure with all steps.
Explain the response of bank of correlators to noisy input with expressions.
How do you detect known signals in the presence of noise?
State and prove properties of Matched filter.
Explain the principle of operation of correlation receiver with diagram and mathematical
interpretation.
How matched filter helps in maximizing output signal to noise ratio?
Derive an expression for maximum signal to noise ratio of Matched filter receiver.
Write a note on different types of estimation and associated criteria.
How detection of signals with unknown phase in noise is carried out?
Related problems in chapter 3 of R1.
What is spread spectrum technique? How are they classified?
Explain the working of direct sequence spread spectrum transmitter and receiver.
Discuss the properties of maximum length sequence with a neat diagram showing the maximum
length sequence generator.
With neat diagrams, explain the transmitter and receiver of slow frequency hop spread spectrum Mary frequency shift keying system.
Distinguish between slow frequency hopping and fast frequency hopping.
Explain the application of spread spectrum technique to code-division multiple access.
Related problems in chapter 9 of R1.
With a neat block diagram explain OFDM Transmitter and receiver?
Mention the advantages of OFDM.
Explain the signal processing operations in OFDM.

Reference Books:
1) Digital Communication, Simon Haykin, John Whiley,2003
2) OFDM for Wireless Communication Systems, Ramjee Prasad, Universal Personal

communications

3) Digital Communications ,Bernard Sklar, Pearson Education

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INDEX

SUB: VLSI CIRCUIT DESIGN (4-0-0-4)

Subject Code:13TE354
Unit (Class#)

I
MOS
Devices&
Circuits
(1-10)

Faculty: Ms SSR

III
MOS
Technology
and Basic
Circuit
Concepts
(22-31)

P.E.S.I.T

% Portions Covered
Reference
Cumulati
Chapter
ve

Chapter Title/
Reference Literature

Portions to be Covered

Chapter:1
A review of Microelectronics
and an Introduction to MOS
Technology
R1: 1.4 to 1.6

Basic
MOS
Transistors,
Enhancement&depletion mode action

Chapter:2
Basic electrical properties of
MOS and BiCMOS circuits
R1: 2.1-2.10,2.13

II
MOS
INVERTERS
: STATIC
CHARACTE
RISTICS
(11-21)

No. of Hours: 52

Chapter 5
MOS Inverters
R6 : 5.1 to 5.4

Chapter:1
A review of Microelectronics
and an Introduction to MOS
Technology
R1: 1.7-1.8
Chapter:3
MOS and Bi CMOS Circuit
design processes
R1: 3.1-3.3,3.7-3.8

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V-I Relationship, Aspects of MOS

threshold voltage, MOS transistor
transconductance
&
output
conductance, MOS transistor figure of
merits, pass transistor NMOS
inverter, Pullup to Pull down ratio for
NMOS inverterchain, alternative
forms of pull up, CMOS inverter,
latch up in CMOS circuits.
MOS
Resistanceloadinverter,
depletionloadinverter,
enhancementloadinverter,
inverter,
transfercharacteristics
theseinverter,

19.2

19.2

21.2

40.4

Inverters:
CMOS
voltage
f or

qualitative analysis of VOL, VOH,

VIL, VIH, Noise margin, fall time
and rise time analysis, effect of p/n
on performance.
p- well , n-well, twin- tub process,
MOS layers ,stick diagrams,n-MOS
design style and CMOS design style,
Lambda based design rules, contact
cuts, double metal MOS processrules, 19.2
layoutdiagrams, symbolicdiagrams,
translation to maskform.basic layout
issues of inverter, 2-NAND, 2-NOR,
stick diagrams, propagation delays.

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INDEX

IV
Designs of
DatapathSyste
ms
(32-42)

Chapter: 5
Scaling Of MOS circuits
R1: 5.1 to 5.5,5.7
Chapter: 11
General VLSI system
Components
R2: 11.1 to 11.4
Chapter: 12
Arithmatic Circuits in CMOS
VLSI
R2: 12.1 to 12.5

Sheetresistance, sheet capacitance,

timing usingsheetresistance and sheet
capacitance, scaling of MOSFET

Chapter: 7
Sequential Circuit desig
R3: 7.1,7.2,7.3.1-7.3.5

Introduction, sequencingstaticciruit,
max-min
delayconstraints,timeborrowing,
clockskew, circuit design of latches
and flip flops
counters, shifters.

V
SequentialCir
uits Design
(43-52)

Chapter: 8
Datapath Subsystems
R3: 8.5.1-8.5.3,8.8

Multiplexers,
Binarydecoders,
Equality detector and comparator,
priorityencoder,
bit adder circuits, ripple carry adders,
carry look aheadadders, Manchester
carry chains, other High speed adders
and multipliers..

21.2

80.8

19.2

100

Literature:
Reference Books:
1. Douglas A. Pucknell& Kamran Eshraghian, Basic VLSI Design
PHI 3rd Edition (original Edition 1994), 2005.
2. John P Uyemura Introduction VLSI circuits & Systems , John Wiley 2002
3. Weste and Harris CMOS VLSI Design
4. Neil H. E. Weste and K. Eshragian, Principles of CMOS VLSI
Design: A Systems Perspective, 2nd edition, Pearson Education (Asia) Pvt. Ltd., 2000.
5. Cavier mead - Lynn Conway ,Introduction to VLSI Design BS 2rd Edition
6. S. M. Kang and Y. Leblebici, CMOS Digital Integrated Circuits: Analysis and Design.

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INDEX

VLSI Circuit Design

Sub: 13TE354

QUESTION BANK

Faculty: Ms. SSR

1. With the help of transfer characteristics bring out the differences in transistor structures
and actions of depletion and enhancement type of transistors.
2. Bring out a comparison between CMOS and Bipolar technologies.
3. n
4. Differentiate the three scaling models applying the scaling rule for the (i) Static power
dissipation.(ii)Gate
5. Delay (iii) Number of components.
6. What are switch logic and restoring logic circuits? Give an example for each.
7. Build and explain a 4 : 1 MUX using transmission gates.
8. Realize the following logic expressions using CMOS structures (i) Y=A.BC(ii) Y=AB+AB
(iii) Y=AB+'D ( iv) Y=AB+CD
9. What are uses of stick diagrams? Give a table of stick encodings for a simple single metal nMOS
process.
10. Explain the working of CMOS inverter with the transfer characteristics.
11. Using the concept of sheet resistance and standard gate capacitance - unit C Cg, show that the
delay unit `t' is not much different from transit time tsd, where tsd is the time taken for an
electron to move from source to drain.
12. Explain the O based design rules with suitable illustrations.
13. Discuss the various parameters on which the threshold voltage of a MOS transistor depends.
14. With the help of a flow chart explain the various design steps involved and the fabrication Steps
involved in successfully siliconising an VLS IC.
15. Give the structured design of n bit bus arbitration logic and show its one bit implementation.
16. Write relevant logic diagram / block diagram and explain the following:
a. Alternative forms of pull-ups.
b. Super buffers.
c. Design of an ALU subsystem.
d. A 4:1 MUX using transmission gates.
17. With neat schematics, explain TWIN-TUB CMOS transistor manufacturing process.
18. What are layout design rules? Describe any five design rules.
19. Differentiate between : i) Enhancement and depletion mode transistor.
20. Prove that pull-up to pull-down ratio for an NMOS inverter is 4 : 1 for proper operation.
21. Derive an expression for Ids in terms of physical parameter and voltages in NMOS transistor in
non - saturation region.
22. What is meant by CMOS perfect switch? Explain.
23. With a neat transfer characteristics and current curve, explain the different regions of
operation of a CMOS inverter.
24. What is latchup? Explain with neat diagram the latchup in CMOS circuits.
25. Explain with neat sketches, the design rules for wires, transistor design rules and
contacts.
26. Define the delay units. Show that the transit time and the time constant are inter
changeable in an NMOS inverter driven by another inverter.
27. Derive expressions for rise time and fall time of CMOS inverter with necessary sketches.
28. Draw the circuits and stick diagram of NMOS, CMOS inverters.
29. Design a parity generator using structural design approach and draw the stick diagram for
NMOS parity generator.
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30. Design a 4-bit adder using computational elements. Draw the relevant diagrams and truth
table.
31. Define noise margin. With necessary response, explain the inverter noise margin.
32. What is Moore's law? Explain this law in the context of evolution of microelectronics.
33. With the help of transfer and output characteristics, explain the working of MOS
enhancement mode transistor.
34. Describe with neat sketches the fabrication of N-well CMOS inserter.
35. Derive an expression for Ids of an nMOS transistor in non-saturation region.
36. Define the threshold voltage of a MOSFET. Explain the effect of different parameters on the
threshold voltage of a MOSFET.
37. With a circuit diagram and transfer characteristics discuss quantitatively the various regions of
operation of a CMOS inverter.
38. Draw the circuit diagram and stick diagram of a 3 input NAND gate in both nMOS design style
and CMOS design style.
39. State the lambda based design rules for the following layers:
i. Poly silicon ii) Metal - I to polysilicon contact cut
iii. nMOS depletion transistor iv) Diffusion
40. A particular layer of MOS circuit has a resistivity p = I Q - cm. A section of this layer is
50m long, 5m wide and has a thickness of 1m. Calculate the resistance along the length. What
is the value of RS?
41. Define standard unit of capacitance and delay unit. Explain their significance.
42. Obtain an expression for overall time delay td when N number of CMOS inverters is driving a
large capacitive load CL. Show that the total delay is minimum, when f = e (base of normal
logarithms), where f is the width factor.
43. Discuss the three scaling models and scaling factors used for scaling of MOS circuits.
44. Substantiate with proper relations the limitations of substrate doping and depletion width
scaling.
45. Explain the structural design of bus arbitration logic for n-line bus with stick diagram.
46. Realize the Boolean expression Y = ABC + D, using CMOS switches and verify the working
with a truth table.
47. Explain VLSI fabrication steps with neat schematics.
48. Draw and explain the construction of an n-mos transistor, explain the effect of channel
modulation.
49. Explain setup and hold times with respect to memory element.
50. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of sequential systems built from latches and
flipflops, using a suitable example.
51. Briefly explain the terms:
i) Moore's law ii) ASIC iii) Netlist iv) Stick diagram v) Layout.
52. What are the challenges to be faced in the deep submicron VLSI?
53. With illustrations, explain the important steps in a twin tub process.
54. Briefly explain:
i) Latchup
ii) Body effect
55. A minimum size transistor is formed by a L = 2A, and w = 3X. Given its
56. Vt = 0.7V, k' = 73pAJV2 and VGS = 5V, fnd the saturation current through a minimum sized ntype transistor. Give expression for Vt.
57. How pipelining reduces the delay in sequential circuits?
58. Draw the logic diagram and CMOS circuit diagram of a SR flipflop.
P.E.S.I.T

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6th SEM LESSON PLAN & QUESTION BANK

Session: Jan- May 2016
INDEX

Sub: MICROWAVE COMMUNICATION LAB (0-0-1)

Sub. Code: 13TE355
Cycle 1
x

Faculty: Mr. RC

Determination of modes, transit time, electronic tuning range and sensitivity of Reflex klystron
oscillator.

Determination of Guide wavelength, frequency and VSWR and reflection co-efficient of

unknown load using RKO as source.

Determination of V-I curve of Gunn diode, frequency pushing factor, peak power delivery.

Measurement of Radiation pattern, Directivity, beam width & gain of Horn antenna.
Cycle 2

Measurement of Radiation pattern, Directivity, beam width & Gain of Parabolic antenna.

Measurement of Radiation pattern, Directivity, beam width & Gain of micro strip antenna.

Determination of coupling coefficient and insertion loss of Directional coupler.

Determination of coupling coefficient and insertion loss of micro strip Directional coupler.
Cycle 3

Determination of coupling coefficient and insertion loss of T planes/ Magic tee.

Measurement of impedance using slotted line Assembly.

SWR measurement using double minima method.

Characteristics of Isolator/ Circulator.

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6th SEM LESSON PLAN & QUESTION BANK

Session: Jan- May 2016
INDEX

DIGITAL COMMUNICATION LAB (0-0-1)

Sub. Code: 13TE356

Faculty: Mr. MJR/Ms. CAS

CYCLE-1

ASK generation and detection.

FSK generation and detection.

PSK generation and detection.

Study of Flat Top Sampling.

CYCLE-2

Time Division Multiplexing and recovery of two band limited signals.

Demonstration of Pulse code modulation .

Demonstration of Delta Modulation.

Demonstration of DPCM .
CYCLE-3

Base Band Signal generation.

DPSK generation and detection.

QPSK generation and detection.

Eye Pattern .

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6th SEM LESSON PLAN & QUESTION BANK

Session: Jan- May 2016
INDEX

SUB: VLSI CIRCUIT DESIGN LAB (0-0-1)

Subject Code: 13TE357

Faculty: Ms SSR

CYCLE 1
x

Design Inverter using FETs.

Design two input NAND and NOR.

Design XOR and XNOR.

Design AND and OR using instantiation.

CYCLE 2
x

Realization of Boolean expressions.

Design D, T, JK and Master Slave flip-flops.

Implement serial and 2 bit parallel adders.

Implement 4 to 1 Multiplexer.

CYCLE 3
x

Implement shift register capable of holding and shifting 4 bit words.

Design asynchronous and synchronous 4 bit counters.

Design the schematic of 6T SRAM cell with Word line control.

Design and implement 4 X 4 barrel shifter schematic.

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