Design GuideModule II

Zytel /Minlon

nylon resin

Start
with
DuPont

engineering thermoplastic resin

Table of Contents
Section 1
General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Product Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Section 2
Strength . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Stress and Strain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tensile Strength . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Yield Strength . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tension and Compression . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Shear Strength . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Poissons Ratio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Flexural Modulus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

30
30
40
40
40
41
42
44

Section 3
Stiffness and Creep . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Flexural Modulus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Creep and Recovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Section 4
Fatigue Resistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Fatigue Resistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Section 5
Impact Resistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Impact Resistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Section 6
Electrical Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Electrical Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Section 7
Thermal Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Thermal Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Section 8
Flammability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Flammability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Section 9
Effects of Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Weather Resistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hot Water and Steam Resistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Chemical Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Permeability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Bacteria and Fungi: Soil and Underground Conditions . . .
Radiation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Dimensional Effects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Temperature/Time Resistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

78
78
82
83
90
91
91
91
95

(continued)

Table of Contents

(continued)

Section 10
Miscellaneous . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hardness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Abrasion Resistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Frictional Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
UL Recognition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tolerances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Annealing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Moisture Conditioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Quality Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Government and Agency Approval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cementing and Adhesive Bonding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Index

100
100
100
101
102
106
107
107
109
110
111
112

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115

Section 1

General
Contents
Introduction
Product Overview

General
Introduction

Many grades of Zytel nylon resin meet FDA requirements for food contact applications and are
listed by the National Sanitation Foundation for
potable water uses. Many are rated by Underwriters Laboratories, Inc. for uses in electrical and
electronic equipment. Many are certifiable to a
long list of customer, military, ASTM and ISO
specifications.

The invention of nylon by DuPont in the early

1930s, and its introduction in 1938, was truly a
major breakthrough in polymer chemistry. No resin
has yet been introduced that can begin to match the
unique combination of properties that has made
nylon the most versatile and broadly applied plastic
material. Its use as an injection molding resin to
produce a wide variety of engineering plastic parts
used in every industry has grown, by some estimates, to the existence of more than a half million
different parts, and the diversity and growth continues as the Zytel nylon resin product line expands
through the results of ongoing extensive research
and market development. Nylon has also found
wide and varied uses as an extrusion resin for film,
filament and proprietary oriented products. Finally,
nylon is widely known for its multitude of uses in
the textile fiber industry.

Nylon 66
The oldest and still the most important of the nylon
resins are Zytel 101 and lubricated versions, 101L
and 101F. These are nylon 66 grades made by the
polymerization of hexamethylenediamine and
adipic acid, each of which contains six carbon
atoms. They possess an outstanding balance of
propertiescombining strength, moderate stiffness,
high service temperature and a high level of toughness. They are particularly resistant to repeated
impact, have low coefficients of friction and
excellent resistance to abrasion. They resist fuels,
lubricants and most chemicals, but are attacked
by phenols, strong acids and oxidizing agents.

The information to follow is intended to help

designers and engineers become familiar with the
unique characteristics of the DuPont nylon family
of Zytel nylon resins and Minlon engineering
thermoplastic resins and how these characteristics
are affected by environment and stress. With this
knowledge, and the information provided by
the Design Module, it is hoped that proper resin
selection coupled with good design practice
will result in the development of a successful
part in the shortest possible time.

The nylon 66 grades are easily injection molded.

The general purpose molding resins readily fill thin
section molds due to low melt viscosity. These
crystalline polymers set up rapidly, especially the
nucleated and lubricated Zytel 132F. The combination of easy fill and fast setup allows very fast
molding cycles.
Nylons absorb moisture from the air and nylon 66
equilibrates at about 2.5% water at 50% RH and at
about 8.5% at 100% RH. This plasticizes the nylon,
somewhat lowering its strength and stiffness but
increasing its toughness and elongation. Moisture
absorption increases dimensions of nylon 66 by
0.6% at 50% RH and about 2.6% at 100% RH.
The process is reversible; that is, the strength
and stiffness increase and dimensions decrease
as moisture content decreases. Absorption and
desorption are slow processes. For example, it
takes about 125 days for a 1.5 mm (0.060) thick
dry specimen to reach equilibrium moisture content
when exposed to 50% RH.

The data contained in this module falls within the

normal range of product properties but should not
be used to establish specification limits or used
alone as the basis for design. Because DuPont can
make no guarantee of results and therefore assumes
no liability in connection with the use of this
information, confirmation of its validity and
suitability should be obtained independently.

Product Overview
Basic Zytel Nylon Resins
The basic Zytel nylon resins include the unmodified nylon homopolymers and copolymers
plus modifications produced by the addition of heat
stabilizers, lubricants, ultraviolet screens, nucleating agents, etc. The majority of resins have molecular weights suited for injection molding and some
are used for filaments, wire jacketing, film, and
extruded shapes including rod, slab and sheet stock.

The Zytel nylon resins are not considered primary

electrical insulators, but their high temperature
properties, their toughness and abrasion resistance,
and their chemical resistance, combined with
electrical properties adequate for most power
frequencies and voltages, have made them the
choice for a wide variety of electrical applications.

have better dimensional stability and electrical

properties. Nylon 612 has better chemical resistance than nylon 66. As in the case of nylon 66,
heat and weather stabilized grades are available.

Nylon 612
Zytel

The nylon 612 grades, such as

151L, have
lower melting points, strength, and stiffness than
nylon 66. They absorb less water, only about 1.3%
at 50% RH and 3.0% at 100% RH, and therefore

Table 1
Basic Zytel Nylon Resins
Designation

Description

Characteristics and Major Uses

Nylon 66Melt at 262C (504F)Stiff and strong over a wide range of temperatures. Excellent toughness and
chemical resistance.
Zytel 101L

General Purpose,
Lubricated

A nylon 66 lubricated for improved machine feed and mold

release characteristics. Most widely used. For mechanical
parts, consumer products, etc.

Zytel 101

General Purpose,
Unlubricated

Basic nylon 66.

Zytel 101F

General Purpose,
Internally Lubricated

A nylon 66 for improved machine feed and mold release

characteristics.

Zytel 132F

Fast Molding,
Lubricated

Internally lubricated and lightly nucleated for high

productivity.

Zytel 103HSL

Heat Stabilized,
Lubricated

A heat stabilized nylon 66 designed to retard embrittlement

at high service temperatures. Good electrical properties.
Lubricated for improved machine feed and mold release.

Zytel 105 BK010A

Weather Resistant

Contains well-dispersed carbon black for maximum

resistance to weathering.

Zytel 122L

Hydrolysis Resistant

Stabilized against hydrolysis and oxidation. For long-term

exposure to hot water. Lubricated.

Nylon 612Melt at 217C (423F)Low moisture absorption and excellent dimensional stability.
Zytel 151L

General Purpose,
Lubricated

A nylon 612 lubricated for improved machine feed and

mold release.

Zytel 158L

General Purpose,
Lubricated

Higher melt viscosity and greater toughness than

Zytel 151L. Lubricated for improved machine feed and
mold release.

Zytel 153HSL

Heat Stabilized,
Lubricated

Heat stabilized Zytel 158L to retard embrittlement at high

service temperatures. Primarily for wire jacketing. Lubricated.

Zytel 157HSL BK010

Weather and
Heat Resistant,
Lubricated

Contains well-dispersed carbon black for maximum

resistance to weathering. Heat stabilized. Lubricated for
improved machine feed and mold release.

Toughened Zytel Nylon Resins

has been applied to the nylon 66 molding resins,

increasing notched Izod impact values to over
800 J/m (15 ftlb/in), with ductile rather than
brittle breaks. In addition to extremely low notch
sensitivity, the supertough nylons exhibit exceptionally high energy absorption characteristics,
even in special high-speed impact tests. While
strength and stiffness are reduced, the outstanding
toughness of these resins commends their consideration whenever the ultimate in toughness is needed.
The Supertough resins include Zytel ST801,
ST800L, and ST811.

DuPont has developed a series of toughened nylon

resins that further extends the usefulness of nylon
into areas where very high toughness is desired.
They may be divided into two groups, both involving the uniform dispersion of modifiers that
interfere with the initiation and propagation of
cracks. The effect is seen most dramatically in the
Izod impact strength, which is raised from about 53
J/m (1.0 ftlb/in) for Zytel 101 (DAM) to over 800
J/m (15 ftlb/in) for Zytel Super Tough nylons.
The first of the series to be introduced was Zytel
408 and related resins. These are modified nylon 66
with the Izod raised to about 230 J/m (4.3 ftlb/in)
and the strength and stiffness lowered about 25%.
They mold very well and are priced reasonably. A
similar line of intermediate toughened resins is
offered as the cube blended Zytel 3189 resins.

The Supertough technology has also been

applied to the family of nylons with amorphous
characteristics. Zytel ST901 is a supertough nylon
with amorphous behavior. It is Supertough, with
an Izod of over 800 J/m (15 ftlb/in) and a ductile
breakdown to 0C (32F), and its properties are
relatively insensitive to moisture content.

The second series, the Supertough nylons,

resulted from a significant breakthrough in nylon
polymer chemistry. The Supertough technology

Other supertough resins are discussed among the

extrusion resins.

Table 2
Toughened Zytel Nylon Resins
Designation

Description

Characteristics and Major Uses

Toughened Nylon 66Melt at 262C (504F)Like nylon 66 with added impact resistance and flexibility.
Zytel 408L

General Purpose

Modified resin with superior toughness. Lubricated.

Zytel

408HS

Heat Stabilized

A heat stabilized modified nylon 66.

Zytel

3189

General Purpose

Modified resin with superior toughness and molding

characteristics.

General Purpose,
Economy

Modified resin with superior toughness. Heat stabilized,

lubricated, black.

Zytel 450HSL BK152

Super Tough NylonsHighest impact resistance of any engineering thermoplastic. Other properties similar to
nylon 66.
Zytel ST801

General Purpose

Outstanding impact resistance. High productivity.

Zytel ST801 BK010

Weather Resistant

Contains well-dispersed carbon black for resistance

to weathering; outstanding impact resistance.

Zytel ST801HS

Heat Stabilized

Heat stabilized to retard embrittlement at high service

temperatures. Outstanding impact resistance.

Zytel ST800L

General Purpose,
Economy

Outstanding impact resistance. Naturals, black, standard

colors and heat stabilized.

Zytel ST901

General Purpose

Outstanding impact resistance. Nylon resin with

amorphous characteristics, low shrinkage, retention of
properties over humidity and temperature ranges.

Zytel Nylon Resins for Extrusion

The 300 series of tubing resins offers a wide range

of stiffness and other propertiesall heat stabilized
and embodying DuPonts proprietary toughening
technology. Those with a P suffix are plasticized.

Zytel

DuPont offers a number of

nylon resins
specifically designed for extrusion. Although any
of the unreinforced Zytel nylon resins may be
extruded, the size, complexity and amenability to
close control of dimensions is limited. For example,
low viscosity molding resins, such as Zytel 101
and Zytel 151, may be extruded into filaments
or onto wire, but most film, tubing, and shape
extrusion operations require a melt viscosity high
enough to permit the unconstrained melt to solidify
before it can deform.

Zytel 350PHS and 351PHS are plasticized and

toughened nylon 612 grades, with the latter having
a higher level of plasticizer and, as a result, being
lower in strength and stiffness. Both are toughened
nylons combining intermediate flexibility with the
chemical resistance and moisture insensitivity of
their nylon 612 base. They are particularly useful
in their resistance to zinc and calcium chloride
solutionswhich are representative of chemicals
encountered in automotive uses.

Among the nylon 66 grades, this is provided by

Zytel 42A, an unmodified nylon 66 of high
molecular weight possessing all of the properties of
Zytel 101but surpassing this molding grade in
several important aspects. It is significantly tougher
and, in notch-free testing, it ranks among the toughest of all nylon resins. Its higher molecular weight
gives it higher elongation and better resistance to
acids, zinc chloride and similar attacking reagents.

Zytel ST811HS and ST811PHS are supertough

unextracted nylon 6 resins. Because of their base
resin, these are the most flexible of the Zytel
nylon resin line. Flexural modulus values are
about 448 MPa (65,000 psi) dry/276 MPa
(40,000 psi) 50% RH for Zytel ST811HS and
276 MPa (40,000 psi) dry/207 MPa (30,000 psi)
50% RH for Zytel ST811PHS.

Zytel 45HSB is a heat stabilized version, which

has the most effective heat stabilizer system.

Table 3
Zytel Nylon Resins for Extrusion
Designation

Description

Characteristics and Major Uses

High Viscosity Nylon 66

For unsupported extrusion into film, rod, tubing,

and complex shapes and for specialty molding
applications.

Zytel 45HSB

Heat Stabilized, High Viscosity

Nylon 66

Maximum heat stabilization for Zytel 42A.

Does not meet FDA requirements.

Zytel 350PHS

Plasticized, Toughened,
Heat Stabilized Nylon 612

Flexible, Supertough resin. Superior resistance

to zinc chloride, calcium chloride, and other
automotive chemicals, low moisture absorption.
For hydraulic lines and other automotive tubing
applications.

Zytel 351PHS

Plasticized, Toughened,
Heat Stabilized Nylon 612

More flexible than Zytel ST350PHS. Tailored for

similar applications.

Zytel ST811HS

Toughened, Heat Stabilized

Nylon 6

Flexible, Supertough resin. For air conditioning,

LP gas, and hydraulic hose and tubing.

Zytel ST811PHS

Plasticized, Toughened,
Heat Stabilized Nylon 6

Most flexible, Supertough Zytel nylon resin for

tubing and wire jacketing.

Zytel

42A

Glass Reinforced Zytel Nylon Resins

(HRL). They are the first to consider, unless

the utmost in dimensional stability or toughness
is needed.

Zytel

The DuPont glass reinforced

nylon resin
family, often termed GRZ, extends the usefulness
of nylon to applications requiring an elastic modulus of up to 11,000 MPa (1,600,000 psi) and a
tensile strength of up to 207 MPa (30,000 psi).
And, by the use of various nylon matrices, essential
characteristics of dimensional stability, toughness,
chemical resistance, etc., can be maximized to meet
the requirements of a wide range of applications.

Zytel 71G13L and Zytel 71G33L are 13 and

33% glass fiber loadings in a toughened base resin.
They are lower in strength and stiffness than the
corresponding Zytel 70G resins, but are higher
in elongation and impact strength.
Zytel 77G33L and Zytel 77G43L are 33 and
43% glass loadings in nylon 612. In strength and
stiffness, they rank between the Zytel 70G and
71G series and are about as tough as the Zytel
71G resins. They are outstanding in low water
absorption and in such related characteristics as
dimensional stability and electrical properties.
Because of low moisture absorption, retention of
properties is excellent in wet and humid environments. In addition, the Zytel 77G series offers
better chemical resistance.

Property enhancement is maximized by the uniform

dispersion of specially treated glass fibers into the
nylon. Treatment of the glass fibers produces a
tightly adhering chemical bond between the nylon
and the glass that enhances both tensile strength
and stiffness over a wide range of environmental
conditions. Glass levels over 50% are possible,
but DuPonts experience is that 13, 33, and 43%
loadings, in the different matrices, cover substantially all the needs. The highest loadings, of course,
provide the highest strength and stiffness.

Zytel 80G33L employs a supertough base resin.

This gives it the highest toughness of any of the
GRZ linewith relatively minor sacrifices in
strength and stiffness.

Zytel 70G in 13, 33, and 43% glass loadings is

66 nylonwith a lubricant added for improved
machine feed and mold release properties. These
have the highest strength, stiffness, creep resistance, and melting point. They may be pigmented
and stabilized against the effects of long-term high
temperature exposure (HS1L) and hydrolysis

ASTM
Test Method
Tensile Strength, MPa (psi)
DAM
50% RH

D 638

Flexural Modulus, MPa (psi)

DAM
50% RH

D 790

Izod Impact Strength,

ftlb/in (J/m)
DAM
50% RH

The strength, stiffness, and Izod impact values of

the 70G, 71G, 77G, and 80G resins at 33% glass
loading are summarized as follows:

Zytel
70G33L

Zytel
71G33L

Zytel
77G33L

Zytel
80G33L

186 (27,000)
124 (18,000)

152 (22,000)
110 (16,000)

166 (24,000)
138 (20,000)

145 (21,000)
110 (16,000)

8,963 (1,300,000)
6,205 (900,000)

6,895 (1,000,000)
5,516 (800,000)

2.2 (117)
2.5 (133)

2.4 (128)
2.4 (128)

8,274 (1,200,000) 6,895 (1,000,000)

6,205 (900,000)
5,068 (735,000)

D 256

2.4 (128)
2.5 (133)

4.1 (219)
4.4 (235)

Table 4
Glass Reinforced Zytel Nylon Resins
Designation
Zytel
Zytel
Zytel

70G13L
70G33L
70G43L

Description

Characteristics and Major Uses

General Purpose

Nylon 66 reinforced with 13, 33, and 43% short

glass fibers. Lubricated for improved machine feed
and mold release.

Zytel 70G13HS1L
Zytel 70G33HS1L

Heat Stabilized

Heat stabilized nylon 66 reinforced with 13 and

33% short glass fibers. Lubricated.

Zytel 70G33HRL

Hydrolysis Resistant

Hydrolysis and oxidation resistance nylon 66 with

33% short glass fibers. Lubricated.

Zytel 71G13L
Zytel 71G33L

General Purpose

Toughened nylon 66 with 13 and 33% short glass

fibers. Greater dimensional stability. Lubricated.

Zytel 71G13HS1L

Heat Stabilized

Heat stabilized and toughened nylon 66 with 13%

short glass fibers. Lubricated.

Zytel 77G33L
Zytel 77G43L

General Purpose

Nylon 612 reinforced with 33 and 43% short glass

fibers. Excellent toughness and outstanding
dimensional stability.

Zytel 80G33L

General Purpose

Nylon 66 with outstanding impact resistance based on

DuPont supertough technology. 33% short glass fibers.

Zytel 80G33HS1L

Heat Stabilized

Heat stabilized nylon 66 with outstanding impact

resistance based on DuPont supertough technology.
33% glass.

Various grades of Minlon have been formulated

to meet specific end-use requirements:
Minlon 10B40 has high flexural modulus and
heat deflection temperature plus low shrinkage,
making it the ideal resin for instrument control
panels and brackets and small engine components
such as carburetors, fuel pumps, exhaust silencers
and similar applications.
Minlon 11C40 is a general purpose resin with
balanced properties. It is tougher than Minlon
10B40 but is not as stiff. Major uses include
small exterior auto body parts and engine components requiring good impact strength. It can
be chrome plated.
Minlon 12T utilizes DuPont proprietary technology in toughened nylons to give it superior
impact strength, as measured by both the Izod
and the Gardner (falling dart) impact tests. It is
ideal for parts where exceptional toughness along
with good stiffness is required. Examples are
automotive body parts, power tool housings,
and textile bobbin flanges.
Minlon 20B and 22C contain both glass and mineral reinforcement to give excellent strength and
stiffness plus the economy of a mineral-reinforced
nylon. Minlon 20B is stronger and stiffer than
22C, while the latter has less tendency to warp.
Minlon resins are especially noted for good
processibility. Easy flow and fast setup result
in high productivity. Parts made from all grades
of Minlon can be painted, machined, and assembled using standard techniques for engineering
thermoplastics.

Minlon
Minlon engineering thermoplastic resins are
mineral and mineral/glass reinforced nylon 66 with
stiffness and heat deflection temperatures approaching those of glass reinforced nylonsbut which are
lower in cost and exhibit substantially less warpage.
The reinforcing materialseither mineral alone
or mineral/glass combinationsare chemically
bonded to the nylon. Strength and stiffness are
increased at some loss of toughness and elongation.
An example of this is shown by comparing the
properties of an unreinforced nylon 66 with those
of a 40% mineral reinforced nylon 66:

Tensile Strength,
MPa (psi)
DAM
50% RH
Elongation, %
DAM
50% RH

Minlon
10B40

Zytel
101

98 (14,200)
62 (9,000)

83 (12,000)
59 (8,500)

3
10

60
>300

Flexural Modulus, MPa (psi)

DAM
7,240 (1,050,000) 2,827 (410,000)
50% RH
4,137 (600,000) 1,207 (175,000)
Heat Deflection Temperature
at 1.8 MPa (264 psi)

230C (446F)

90C (194F)

Minlon resins also exhibit greater dimensional

stability and creep resistance than unreinforced
nylon.
7

Table 5
Minlon Engineering Thermoplastic Resins (Mineral Reinforced Nylon Resins)
Designation

Description

Characteristics and Major Uses

Minlon 10B40

Mineral Reinforced Nylon 66

High stiffness, low warpage, and heat resistance. Used

in engine components, instrument housings, etc. Heat
stabilized (HS) grade available.

Minlon 11C40

Mineral Reinforced Nylon 66

Chrome Platable

Higher impact strength and lower warpage than

Minlon 10B40. Used in exterior autobody parts.

Minlon 12T

Mineral Reinforced Nylon 66

Superior impact strength and low warpage. For

exterior autobody parts, power tool housings, etc.

Minlon 20B

Mineral and Glass

Reinforced Nylon 66

Excellent stiffness and strength at high temperatures.

Used in engine components, water meters, pumps, etc.

Minlon 22C

Mineral and Glass

Reinforced Nylon 66

Similar to Minlon 20B but with lower warpage. Used in

engine components, exterior autobody parts, etc.

Flame Retarded Zytel Nylon Resins

3.0 mm (0.120). Its excellent balance of strength,

stiffness, and heat deflection temperature is similar
to that of standard glass reinforced nylon 66 of the
same glass percentage. Unique among its features is
its excellent thermal stability, which allows it to be
processed at temperature and holdup times comparable to the other GRZs.

DuPonts research into flame retarded nylons has

resulted in three resins rated 94V-0 and two resins
rated 94-5V in varying thicknesses by Underwriters Laboratories, Inc.
Zytel FR10 is an unreinforced molding resin
rated by UL as 94V-0 down to 0.7 mm (0.028)
and with a temperature rating (electrical) of 125C
(257F). Its relatively low melt viscosity permits
it to be molded into thin-walled flexible parts,
retaining most of the strength, stiffness, and high
temperature properties associated with nylon 66.

Zytel FR70M30V0 completes the extension of

flame retarded technology into the Zytel family.
UL recognized as 94V-0 down to 0.75 mm (0.030)
and 94-5V at 3.0 mm (0.120), it has properties
and processing characteristics similar to the other
mineral reinforced nylons and is particularly suited
for low cost, low warp flat parts.

Zytel FR50 is a 25% glass reinforced nylon 66

recognized by UL as 94V-0 down to 0.75 mm
(0.030) and 94-5V at 1.5 mm (0.060) and

Table 6
Flame Retarded Zytel Nylon Resins
Designation

Description

Characteristics and Major Uses

Zytel FR10

General Purpose,
Unreinforced

UL 94V-0 to 0.71 mm. For thin-walled flexible parts such

as card guides, plugs, and connectors.

Zytel FR50

General Purpose,
Glass Reinforced

25% glass reinforced. UL 94V-0 to 0.75 mm and 5V at

15 mm and 3.0 mm. High heat deflection temperature.
For electrical connectors.

Zytel FR70M30V0

Mineral Reinforced,
General Purpose

UL 94V-0 to 1.5 mm and 5V at 3.0 mm. For flat parts

with high stiffness such as keyboards and enclosures.

Table 7
Properties of DuPont Zytel Nylon Resins
and Minlon Engineering Thermoplastic ResinsS.I. Units
Unreinforced
101
101L
General
Purposeb
ASTM
Method

Units

Tensile Strength
40C
+23C
+77C
+121C

D 638

MPa

Elongation at Break
40C
+23C
+77C
+121C

D 638

Yield Strength
+23C

D 638

MPa

Elongation at Yield
+23C

D 638

Flexural Modulus
40C
+23C
+77C
+121C

D 790

MPa

Shear Strength
+23C

D 732

Deformation
Under Load
13.8 MPa (50C)

D 621

Compressive
Stress
1% Deformation

D 695

MECHANICAL

Propertya,d

THERMAL

408L
408HS
Impact
Modified

ST801
ST801HS
Super
Tough

DAM

50% RH

DAM

50% RH

DAM

50% RH

DAM

50% RH

DAM

50% RH

114
83
62
43

110
77
41
38

129
90
62
48

117
62
50

94
61
41

93
51
37
30

104
62
43
32

90
52
35
28

80
52
41
35

69
41

15
60
300
300

20
300
300
300

10
30
145
300

15
200
250
>300

15
150
300

30
300
300
250

80
210
300

20
270
300
300

20
60
220
275

10
210
170

82.8

58.6

90.4

62.1

60.7

51.0

60.7

51.7

25

25

40

15

3241
2827
689
538

3447
1207
565
414

3516
2965
724
552

1310
586

2344
2034
414
331

2758
1241
379
345

2827
1965
552
345

3309
1103
414
345

1965
1689
476
345

2344
862
393
324

66.2

72.4

69.0

59.3

55.9

57.9

1.4

1.2

1.6

1.4

33.8

15.2

16.6

0.41

0.42

0.41

32
53

27
112

37
43

32
107

48
53

32
75

69
229

64
240

160
907

139
1068

504

1470

611

945

550

1680

588

1155

262

262

217

262

262

235
90

240
90

180
65

230
75

216
71

MPa
%

MPa

Izod Impact
40C
+23C

D 256

Tensile Impact
Long Specimen
+23C

D 1822

Melting Point

D 3418

Heat Deflection
Temperaturee
0.5 MPa
1.8 MPa

D 648

Coefficient of
Linear Thermal
Expansion f

D 696

J/m

kJ/m2

10 4/K

Specific Heat

J/kg K

Thermal
Conductivityg

W/m K
D 746

105
BK010A
Weather
Resistant

Poissons Ratio

Brittleness
Temperature

Toughened/Super Tough
158Lc

0.7

0.9

0.8

1.2

2750

2750

2660

0.25

0.25

0.22

80

65

52

52

126

109

104

84

Notes:
a These values are for this composition only. Colorants or other additives of any
kind may alter some or all of these properties. The data listed here fall within
the normal range of product properties but they should not be used to
establish specification limits or used alone as the basis for design.

d Properties are measured DAM (DAM, with about 0.2% water) or at 50% RH (i.e.,

equilibrated with the atmosphere at 50% relative humidity).

e These values obtained by first annealing the test bars for 30 minutes in oil

at 50C (90F) below melting point of resin.

b Many modified nylon 66 are similar in most properties to the unmodified

f These are approximate values. The coefficient of expansion is highly

resins. These include the hydrolysis resistant Zytel 122L, which has about
24 times the life in boiling water of the unstabilized resins. The heat stabilized
Zytel 103HSL has mechanical properties similar to Zytel 101, except for
slightly lower elongation. The internally lubricated Zytel 101F and 103FHS
offer optimum injection molding productivity. Zytel FR10 has a UL
flammability rating of 94 V-0.
c Zytel 157HSL BK010 is a heat stabilized nylon 612, containing carbon black for
superior outdoor weathering.

dependent on both temperature and moisture content.

g Thermal conductivity measured by Conco-Fitch apparatus.
h Based on specimens 1.6 mm (1/16) thick.
i This small scale test does not indicate combustion characteristics under actual

fire conditions.

Table 7
Properties of DuPont Zytel Nylon Resins
and Minlon Engineering Thermoplastic ResinsS.I. Units (continued)
Glass Reinforced
70G13L
70G13HS1L

ASTM
Method

Units

Tensile Strength
40C
+23C
+77C
+121C

D 638

MPa

Elongation at Break
40C
+23C
+77C
+121C

D 638

Yield Strength
+23C

D 638

MPa

Elongation at Yield
+23C

D 638

Flexural Modulus
40C
+23C
+77C
+121C

D 790

MPa

Shear Strength
+23C

D 732

MPa

Deformation
Under Load
13.8 MPa (50C)

D 621

Compressive
Stress
1% Deformation

D 695

MPa

MECHANICAL

Propertya,d

THERMAL

70G43L

71G13L

71G33L

Impact
Modified

Impact
Modified

77G33L

77G43L

80G33L
80G33HS1L

50% RH DAM 50% RH DAM 50% RH DAM 50% RH DAM 50% RH DAM 50% RH DAM 50% RH DAM

50% RH

121

83

214
186
110

207
124
86

252
207
121
86

145
72

103

62

152

110

235
166
110
75

138
97

193

166

145

110

11

4826

2758

8963

6205

3792

2068

6895

5516

8274

6205

10342

8618

6895

5068

76

86

93

62

72

76

83

1.1*

0.8

0.7

1.7

1.3

1.0

0.5

Poissons Ratio
Izod Impact
40C
+23C

D 256

Tensile Impact
Long Specimen
+23C

D 1822

kJ/m2

Melting Point

D 3418

Heat Deflection
Temperature
0.5 MPa
1.8 MPa

D 648

Coefficient of
Linear Thermal
Expansionf

D 696

11032 8274

0.39

0.39

0.41

0.39

0.42

48

53

117

133

133

187

123

123

128

128

128

133

155

160

219

235

J/m

262

262

262

262

262

217

217

262

243

260
249

260
252

255
232

260
246

220
210

215
210

250

0.27

0.23

0.22

0.23

0.18

0.23

0.22

0.32

10 4/K

Specific Heat
Thermal
Conductivityg

DAM

70G33L
70G33HS1L
70G33HRL

W/m K

*at 27.6 MPa

Notes:
a These values are for this composition only. Colorants or other additives of any
kind may alter some or all of these properties. The data listed here fall within
the normal range of product properties but they should not be used to
establish specification limits or used alone as the basis for design.
b Many modified nylon 66 are similar in most properties to the unmodified
resins. These include the hydrolysis resistant Zytel 122L, which has about
24 times the life in boiling water of the unstabilized resins. The heat stabilized
Zytel 103HSL has mechanical properties similar to Zytel 101, except for
slightly lower elongation. The internally lubricated Zytel 101F and 103FHS
offer optimum injection molding productivity. Zytel FR10 has a UL
flammability rating of 94 V-0.

d Properties are measured DAM (DAM, with about 0.2% water) or at 50% RH (i.e.,

equilibrated with the atmosphere at 50% relative humidity).

e These values obtained by first annealing the test bars for 30 minutes in oil

at 50C (90F) below melting point of resin.

f These are approximate values. The coefficient of expansion is highly

dependent on both temperature and moisture content.

g Thermal conductivity measured by Conco-Fitch apparatus.
h Based on specimens 1.6 mm (1/16) thick.
i This small scale test does not indicate combustion characteristics under actual

fire conditions.

c Zytel 157HSL BK010 is a heat stabilized nylon 612, containing carbon black for

superior outdoor weathering.

10

Table 7
Properties of DuPont Zytel Nylon Resins
and Minlon Engineering Thermoplastic ResinsS.I. Units (continued)
Minlon
10B40
ASTM
Method

Units

Tensile Strength
40C
+23C
+77C
+121C

D 638

MPa

Elongation at Break
40C
+23C
+77C
+121C

D 638

Yield Strength
+23C

D 638

Elongation at Yield
+23C

D 638

Flexural Modulus
40C
+23C
+77C
+121C

D 790

MPa

Shear Strength
+23C

D 732

MPa

Deformation
Under Load
13.8 MPa (50C)

D 621

Compressive
Stress
1% Deformation

D 695

MECHANICAL

Propertya,d

THERMAL

12T

20B

22C

DAM

50% RH

DAM

50% RH

DAM

50% RH

DAM

50% RH

DAM

50% RH

130
98
52
40

123
62
44
33

128
89
59
35

124
63
43
32

124
79
52
39

121
61
41
32

148
117
66
53

137
84
58
48

145
130
66
52

134
86
56
44

2
3
11
15.5

3
10
13
16

3
17
52
64

4
40
64
71

6
20
55
77

11
45
59
79

4
3
5
6

4
6
6
6.5

3
4
13
17

4
12
16.5
18

7998
7239
2931
1379

7239
4137
1729
1241

6550
5240
1379
862

6378
1896
1172
827

6447
4585
1241
689

6378
1758
1000
621

7722
6791
2896
1862

7584
4826
2275
1655

6895
6895
1896
1379

6550
4137
1862
1379

58.3

83.4

82.7

58.3

58.3

82.2

0.41

0.40

0.40

0.41

32
32

37
37

43
70

64
123

48
129

80
188

38
59

75

32
48

38
59

MPa

MPa

Poissons Ratio
Izod Impact
40C
+23C

D 256

Tensile Impact
Long Specimen
+23C

D 1822

kJ/m2

Melting Point

D 3418

Heat Deflection
Temperature
0.5 MPa
1.8 MPa

D 648

Coefficient of
Linear Thermal
Expansion f

D 696

J/m

262

259

259

262

262

250
220

230
90

225
75

258
230

257
235

0.36

0.36

0.54

0.36

0.36

0.45

0.37

0.36

0.36

0.37

10 4/K

Specific Heat
Thermal
Conductivityg

11C40

W/m K

Notes:
a These values are for this composition only. Colorants or other additives of any
kind may alter some or all of these properties. The data listed here fall within
the normal range of product properties but they should not be used to
establish specification limits or used alone as the basis for design.

d Properties are measured DAM (DAM, with about 0.2% water) or at 50% RH (i.e.,

equilibrated with the atmosphere at 50% relative humidity).

e These values obtained by first annealing the test bars for 30 minutes in oil

at 50C (90F) below melting point of resin.

b Many modified nylon 66 are similar in most properties to the unmodified

f These are approximate values. The coefficient of expansion is highly

resins. These include the hydrolysis resistant Zytel 122L, which has about
24 times the life in boiling water of the unstabilized resins. The heat stabilized
Zytel 103HSL has mechanical properties similar to Zytel 101, except for
slightly lower elongation. The internally lubricated Zytel 101F and 103FHS
offer optimum injection molding productivity. Zytel FR10 has a UL
flammability rating of 94 V-0.
c Zytel 157HSL BK010 is a heat stabilized nylon 612, containing carbon black for
superior outdoor weathering.

dependent on both temperature and moisture content.

g Thermal conductivity measured by Conco-Fitch apparatus.
h Based on specimens 1.6 mm (1/16) thick.
i This small scale test does not indicate combustion characteristics under actual

fire conditions.

11

Table 7
Properties of DuPont Zytel Nylon Resins
and Minlon Engineering Thermoplastic ResinsS.I. Units (continued)
V-0
FR10
ASTM
Method

Units

Tensile Strength
40C
+23C
+77C
+121C

D 638

MPa

Elongation at Break
40C
+23C
+77C
+121C

D 638

Yield Strength
+23C

D 638

Elongation at Yield
+23C

D 638

Flexural Modulus
40C
+23C
+77C
+121C

D 790

MPa

Shear Strength
+23C

D 732

MPa

Deformation
Under Load
13.8 MPa (50C)

D 621

Compressive
Stress
1% Deformation

D 695

MECHANICAL

Propertya,d

THERMAL

FR70M30V0

DAM

50% RH

DAM

50% RH

DAM

50% RH

69

39

157

134

73

55

19

160

2916

931

8205

6715

7239

4895

37

91

101

101

27

32

MPa

MPa

Poissons Ratio
Izod Impact
40C
+23C

D 256

Tensile Impact
Long Specimen
+23C

D 1822

kJ/m2

Melting Point

D 3418

Heat Deflection
Temperature
0.5 MPa
1.8 MPa

D 648

Coefficient of
Linear Thermal
Expansionf

D 696

J/m

237

262

260

216e
100e

251
241

242
197

10 4/K

Specific Heat
Thermal
Conductivityg

FR50

W/m K

Notes:
a These values are for this composition only. Colorants or other additives of any
kind may alter some or all of these properties. The data listed here fall within
the normal range of product properties but they should not be used to
establish specification limits or used alone as the basis for design.
b Many modified nylon 66 are similar in most properties to the unmodified
resins. These include the hydrolysis resistant Zytel 122L, which has about
24 times the life in boiling water of the unstabilized resins. The heat stabilized
Zytel 103HSL has mechanical properties similar to Zytel 101, except for
slightly lower elongation. The internally lubricated Zytel 101F and 103FHS
offer optimum injection molding productivity. Zytel FR10 has a UL
flammability rating of 94 V-0.

d Properties are measured DAM (DAM, with about 0.2% water) or at 50% RH (i.e.,

equilibrated with the atmosphere at 50% relative humidity).

e These values obtained by first annealing the test bars for 30 minutes in oil

at 50C (90F) below melting point of resin.

f These are approximate values. The coefficient of expansion is highly

dependent on both temperature and moisture content.

g Thermal conductivity measured by Conco-Fitch apparatus.
h Based on specimens 1.6 mm (1/16) thick.
i This small scale test does not indicate combustion characteristics under actual

fire conditions.

c Zytel 157HSL BK010 is a heat stabilized nylon 612, containing carbon black for

superior outdoor weathering.

12

Table 7
Properties of DuPont Zytel Nylon Resins
and Minlon Engineering Thermoplastic ResinsS.I. Units (continued)
Extrusion Grades
42A
ASTM
Method

Units

Tensile Strength
40C
+23C
+77C
+121C

D 638

MPa

Elongation at Break
40C
+23C
+77C
+121C

D 638

Yield Strength
+23C

D 638

Elongation at Yield
+23C

D 638

Flexural Modulus
40C
+23C
+77C
+121C

D 790

MPa

Shear Strength
+23C

D 732

MPa

Deformation
Under Load
13.8 MPa (50C)

D 621

Compressive
Stress
1% Deformation

D 695

MECHANICAL

Propertya,d

THERMAL

DAM

50% RH

DAM

50% RH

DAM

50% RH

117
86
59
43

111
77
41
32

48

41

41

35

15
90
155
200

35
300
300
300

>250

>250

>250

>250

85.5

59.3

30

3241
2827
690
538

3447
1207
565
414

480

248

276

207

66.2

63.4

33.8

15.2

32
64

27
133

693
2133

1030

MPa

MPa

Izod Impact
40C
+23C

D 256

Tensile Impact
Long Specimen
+23C

D 1822

kJ/m2

Melting Point

D 3418

Heat Deflection
Temperature
0.5 MPa
1.8 MPa

D 648

Coefficient of
Linear Thermal
Expansion f

D 696

J/m

535

262

215

220

235
90

177
66

178
67

10 4/K

Specific Heat

J/kg K

Thermal
Conductivityg

W/m K
D 746

ST811PHS

Poissons Ratio

Brittleness
Temperature

ST811HS

0.7

1.2

1.2

2750

0.25

100

85

Notes:
a These values are for this composition only. Colorants or other additives of any
kind may alter some or all of these properties. The data listed here fall within
the normal range of product properties but they should not be used to
establish specification limits or used alone as the basis for design.

d Properties are measured DAM (DAM, with about 0.2% water) or at 50% RH (i.e.,

equilibrated with the atmosphere at 50% relative humidity).

e These values obtained by first annealing the test bars for 30 minutes in oil

at 50C (90F) below melting point of resin.

b Many modified nylon 66 are similar in most properties to the unmodified

f These are approximate values. The coefficient of expansion is highly

Zytel

122L, which has about

resins. These include the hydrolysis resistant
24 times the life in boiling water of the unstabilized resins. The heat stabilized
Zytel 103HSL has mechanical properties similar to Zytel 101, except for
slightly lower elongation. The internally lubricated Zytel 101F and 103FHS
offer optimum injection molding productivity. Zytel FR10 has a UL
flammability rating of 94 V-0.

dependent on both temperature and moisture content.

g Thermal conductivity measured by Conco-Fitch apparatus.
h Based on specimens 1.6 mm (1/16) thick.
i This small scale test does not indicate combustion characteristics under actual

fire conditions.

c Zytel 157HSL BK010 is a heat stabilized nylon 612, containing carbon black for

superior outdoor weathering.

13

Table 7
Properties of DuPont Zytel Nylon Resins
and Minlon Engineering Thermoplastic ResinsS.I. Units (continued)
Unreinforced
101
101L
General
Purpose

UL VALUES

MISCELLANEOUS

ELECTRICAL

Property a,d

ASTM
Method

Toughened/Super Tough

105
BK010A
Weather
Resistant

158L

408L
408HS
Impact
Modified

ST801
ST801HS
Super
Tough

Units

DAM

50% RH

DAM

50% RH

DAM

50% RH

DAM

50% RH

DAM

50% RH

1013

1014

1012

1015

1013

1015

1013

1014

1013

Volume Resistivity

D 257

ohm-cm

1015

Surface Resistivity

D 257

ohm/sq

Dielectric Constant
100 Hz
10 3 Hz
10 6 Hz

D 150
4.0
3.9
3.6

8.0
7.0
4.6

4.0
3.9
3.6

8.0
7.0
4.6

4.0
4.0
3.5

6.0
5.3
4.0

3.1
3.1
2.9

5.9
4.8
3.3

3.2
3.2
2.9

5.5
4.5
3.2

0.01
0.02
0.02

0.20
0.20
0.10

0.02
0.03
0.03

0.13
0.12
0.06

0.02
0.02
0.02

0.15
0.15
0.10

0.02
0.02
0.02

0.10
0.11
0.10

0.01
0.01
0.02

0.20
0.10
0.05

Dissipation Factor
100 Hz
10 3 Hz
10 6 Hz
Dielectric Strength
Short Time

D 149

Specific Gravity

D 792

Water Absorption
24 Hour
+23C

D 570

Water Absorption
Saturation
+23C

D 570

Hardness
Rockwell M
Rockwell R

D 785

Taber Abrasion
CS-17 Wheel
1000 g

kV/mm

mg/
1000
cycle

Mold Shrinkage
3.2 mm
Flow
Transverse

1.14

1.15

1.06

1.09

1.08

1.20

1.20

0.25

1.20

1.20

8.50

8.50

3.00

7.00

6.70

79
121

59
108

87
121

80
109

114

108

71
115

50
102

112

89

1.50

1.50

1.10

1.50

1.80

Acid Resistance

Limited; attacked by strong acids; general order of resistance 612 > 66 > 6.

Base Resistance

Excellent at room temperature; attacked by strong bases at elevated temperatures.

Solvent Resistance

Generally excellent; some absorption by such polar solvents as water, alcohols and certain halogenated hydrocarbons causing
plasticization and dimension changes.

Oxygen Index i

D 2863

UL Flammabilityh

UL-94

Hot Wire Ignition

UL-746A

High Amp Arc Ignition

UL-746A

High Voltage
Tracking Rate

UL-746A

cm/min

Arc Resistance

D 495

Comparative
Tracking Index

UL-746A

% O2

28

31

25

31

25

28

19

20

18

V-2

V-2

HB

HB

HB

19

15

10

20

Arc s

186

200+

200+

0.51

0.00

0.762

125

131

600+

600+

Notes:
a These values are for this composition only. Colorants or other additives of any
kind may alter some or all of these properties. The data listed here fall within
the normal range of product properties but they should not be used to
establish specification limits or used alone as the basis for design.

d Properties are measured DAM (DAM, with about 0.2% water) or at 50% RH (i.e.,

equilibrated with the atmosphere at 50% relative humidity).

e These values obtained by first annealing the test bars for 30 minutes in oil

at 50C (90F) below melting point of resin.

b Many modified nylon 66 are similar in most properties to the unmodified

f These are approximate values. The coefficient of expansion is highly

resins. These include the hydrolysis resistant Zytel 122L, which has about
24 times the life in boiling water of the unstabilized resins. The heat stabilized
Zytel 103HSL has mechanical properties similar to Zytel 101, except for
slightly lower elongation. The internally lubricated Zytel 101F and 103FHS
offer optimum injection molding productivity. Zytel FR10 has a UL
flammability rating of 94 V-0.
c Zytel 157HSL BK010 is a heat stabilized nylon 612, containing carbon black for
superior outdoor weathering.

dependent on both temperature and moisture content.

g Thermal conductivity measured by Conco-Fitch apparatus.
h Based on specimens 1.6 mm (1/16) thick.
i This small scale test does not indicate combustion characteristics under actual

fire conditions.

14

Table 7
Properties of DuPont Zytel Nylon Resins
and Minlon Engineering Thermoplastic ResinsS.I. Units (continued)
Glass Reinforced
70G13L
70G13HS1L

UL VALUES

MISCELLANEOUS

ELECTRICAL

Propertya,d

ASTM
Method

Units

DAM

70G33L
70G33HS1L
70G33HRL

70G43L

71G13L

71G33L

Impact
Modified

Impact
Modified

77G33L

77G43L

80G33L
80G33HS1L

50% RH DAM 50% RH DAM 50% RH DAM 50% RH DAM 50% RH DAM 50% RH DAM 50% RH DAM

Volume Resistivity

D 257 ohm-cm

10 14

Surface Resistivity

D 257 ohm/sq

Dielectric Constant
100 Hz
103 Hz
106 Hz

D 150

4.5
3.7

25.0*
10.7*

4.2
3.4

3.7
3.4

7.8*
4.0*

4.0
3.6

7.8*
4.2*

0.02
0.02

0.02
0.02

0.02
0.02

0.14*
0.10*

0.03
0.02

0.13*
0.10*

Dissipation Factor
100 Hz
103 Hz
106 Hz
Dielectric Strength
Short Time

D 149

Specific Gravity

D 792

Water Absorption
24 Hour
+23C

D 570

Water Absorption
Saturation
+23C

D 570

Hardness
Rockwell M
Rockwell R

D 785

Taber Abrasion
CS-17 Wheel
1000 g

109

10 14

109

10 15

10 12

10 15

10 12

kV/mm

mg/
1000
cycle

Mold Shrinkage
3.2 mm
Flow
Transverse

109*

50% RH

10 15

20.9

24.8

20.5

17.3*

19.7

18.1*

1.22

1.38

1.51

1.18

1.35

1.32

1.42

1.33

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.16

0.14

7.1

5.4

4.7

6.1

4.6

2.0

1.7

95
122

84
113

101

103

82
117

66
110

96
122

90
118

118

118

12

14

34

36

0.5

0.2

0.2

0.6

0.3

0.2

0.1

0.4
1.2

Acid Resistance

Limited; attacked by strong acids; general order of resistance 612 > 66 > 6.

Base Resistance

Excellent at room temperature; attacked by strong bases at elevated temperatures.

Solvent Resistance

Generally excellent; some absorption by such polar solvents as water, alcohols and certain halogenated hydrocarbons causing
plasticization and dimension changes.

Oxygen Indexi

D 2863

UL Flammabilityh

UL-94

Hot Wire Ignition

UL-746A

High Amp Arc Ignition

UL-746A Arc s

High Voltage
Tracking Rate

UL-746A cm/min

% O2
s

Arc Resistance

D 495

Comparative
Tracking Index

UL-746A

HB

HB

HB

HB

HB

HB

HB

HB

15

10

26

200+

200+

200+

200+

200+

200+

1.27

1.27

0.762

0.762

2.03

0.762

0.762

135

135

146

133

135

145

145

600+

600+

600+

600+

600+

600+

600+

Notes:
a These values are for this composition only. Colorants or other additives of any
kind may alter some or all of these properties. The data listed here fall within
the normal range of product properties but they should not be used to
establish specification limits or used alone as the basis for design.

d Properties are measured DAM (DAM, with about 0.2% water) or at 50% RH (i.e.,

equilibrated with the atmosphere at 50% relative humidity).

e These values obtained by first annealing the test bars for 30 minutes in oil

at 50C (90F) below melting point of resin.

b Many modified nylon 66 are similar in most properties to the unmodified

f These are approximate values. The coefficient of expansion is highly

Zytel

resins. These include the hydrolysis resistant

122L, which has about
24 times the life in boiling water of the unstabilized resins. The heat stabilized
Zytel 103HSL has mechanical properties similar to Zytel 101, except for
slightly lower elongation. The internally lubricated Zytel 101F and 103FHS
offer optimum injection molding productivity. Zytel FR10 has a UL
flammability rating of 94 V-0.
c Zytel 157HSL BK010 is a heat stabilized nylon 612, containing carbon black for
superior outdoor weathering.

dependent on both temperature and moisture content.

g Thermal conductivity measured by Conco-Fitch apparatus.
h Based on specimens 1.6 mm (1/16) thick.
i This small scale test does not indicate combustion characteristics under actual

fire conditions.

15

Table 7
Properties of DuPont Zytel Nylon Resins
and Minlon Engineering Thermoplastic ResinsS.I. Units (continued)
Minlon
10B40

ELECTRICAL
MISCELLANEOUS

12T

20B

22C

Units

DAM

50% RH

DAM

50% RH

DAM

50% RH

DAM

50% RH

DAM

50% RH

Volume Resistivity

D 257

ohm-cm

10 15

10 12

10 14

108

10 13

10 10

10 14

10 11

10 15

10 11

Surface Resistivity

D 257

ohm/sq

Dielectric Constant
100 Hz
103 Hz
106 Hz

D 150

4.0
3.8

5.8
4.0

3.8
3.6

7.2
4.1

3.8
3.5

7.3
4.0

3.8
3.6

5.2
3.8

3.8
3.7

7.3
4.2

0.01
0.01

0.09
0.04

0.01
0.01

0.16
0.07

0.01
0.01

0.10
0.07

0.01
0.01

0.09
0.04

0.01
0.02

0.20
0.07

18.9

16.9

18.1

16.5

16.5

15.8

19.3

17.3

17.3

15.8

1.51

1.42

1.42

1.45

0.7

0.7

0.7

0.7

0.7

4.7

4.7

4.7

4.7

4.7

86
121

90
121

85
120

89
120

97
122

14.1

22.0

21.0

23.5

23.5

0.8
1.0

0.9
1.3

1.0
1.2

0.3
1.0

0.5
0.95

Property

UL VALUES

11C40

ASTM
Method

Dissipation Factor
100 Hz
103 Hz
106 Hz
Dielectric Strength
Short Time

D 149

Specific Gravity

D 792

Water Absorption
24 Hour
+23C

D 570

Water Absorption
Saturation
+23C

D 570

Hardness
Rockwell M
Rockwell R

D 785

Taber Abrasion
CS-17 Wheel
1000 g

kV/mm

mg/
1000
cycle

Mold Shrinkage
3.2 mm
Flow
Transverse

Acid Resistance

Limited; attacked by strong acids; general order of resistance 612 > 66 > 6.

Base Resistance

Excellent at room temperature; attacked by strong bases at elevated temperatures.

Solvent Resistance

Generally excellent; some absorption by such polar solvents as water, alcohols and certain halogenated hydrocarbons causing
plasticization and dimension changes.

Oxygen Indexi

D 2863

UL Flammabilityh

UL-94

Hot Wire Ignition

UL-746A

High Amp Arc Ignition

% O2

25

30

22

28

24.5

HB

HB

HB

13

UL-746A

Arc s

200+

High Voltage
Tracking Rate

UL-746A

cm/min

1.02

Arc Resistance

D 495

Comparative
Tracking Index

UL-746A

Notes:
a These values are for this composition only. Colorants or other additives of any
kind may alter some or all of these properties. The data listed here fall within
the normal range of product properties but they should not be used to
establish specification limits or used alone as the basis for design.

d Properties are measured DAM (DAM, with about 0.2% water) or at 50% RH (i.e.,

equilibrated with the atmosphere at 50% relative humidity).

e These values obtained by first annealing the test bars for 30 minutes in oil

at 50C (90F) below melting point of resin.

b Many modified nylon 66 are similar in most properties to the unmodified

f These are approximate values. The coefficient of expansion is highly

Zytel

resins. These include the hydrolysis resistant

122L, which has about
24 times the life in boiling water of the unstabilized resins. The heat stabilized
Zytel 103HSL has mechanical properties similar to Zytel 101, except for
slightly lower elongation. The internally lubricated Zytel 101F and 103FHS
offer optimum injection molding productivity. Zytel FR10 has a UL
flammability rating of 94 V-0.
c Zytel 157HSL BK010 is a heat stabilized nylon 612, containing carbon black for
superior outdoor weathering.

dependent on both temperature and moisture content.

g Thermal conductivity measured by Conco-Fitch apparatus.
h Based on specimens 1.6 mm (1/16) thick.
i This small scale test does not indicate combustion characteristics under actual

fire conditions.

16

Table 7
Properties of DuPont Zytel Nylon Resins
and Minlon Engineering Thermoplastic ResinsS.I. Units (continued)
V-0
FR10

ELECTRICAL
MISCELLANEOUS

FR70M30V0

Units

DAM

50% RH

DAM

50% RH

DAM

50% RH

Volume Resistivity

D 257

ohm-cm

10 14

10 14

10 14

Surface Resistivity

D 257

ohm/sq

Dielectric Constant
100 Hz
103 Hz
106 Hz

D 150

3.7
3.5

3.6
3.5

3.8
3.7

0.013
0.020

0.009
0.014

0.011
0.014

17.0

17.2

16.3

1.24

1.56

1.65

1.2

0.4
0.8

0.5
0.8

Property

UL VALUES

FR50

ASTM
Method

Dissipation Factor
100 Hz
103 Hz
106 Hz
Dielectric Strength
Short Time

D 149

Specific Gravity

D 792

Water Absorption
24 Hour
+23C

D 570

Water Absorption
Saturation
+23C

D 570

Hardness
Rockwell M
Rockwell R

D 785

Taber Abrasion
CS-17 Wheel
1000 g

kV/mm

mg/
1000
cycle

Mold Shrinkage
3.2 mm
Flow
Transverse

Acid Resistance

Limited; attacked by strong acids; general order of resistance 612 > 66 > 6.

Base Resistance

Excellent at room temperature; attacked by strong bases at elevated temperatures.

Solvent Resistance

Generally excellent; some absorption by such polar solvents as water, alcohols and certain halogenated hydrocarbons causing
plasticization and dimension changes.

Oxygen Indexi

D 2863

UL Flammabilityh

UL-94

Hot Wire Ignition

UL-746A

High Amp Arc Ignition

% O2

30

36

37

V-0*

V-0*

V-0*

24

300+

300+

UL-746A

Arc s

200+

187

151

High Voltage
Tracking Rate

UL-746A

cm/min
6.1*

2.03*

1.78*

Arc Resistance

D 495

13

103

110

Comparative
Tracking Index

UL-746A

V
315

285

290

*based on specimens 0.8 mm (1/32)

Notes:
a These values are for this composition only. Colorants or other additives of any
kind may alter some or all of these properties. The data listed here fall within
the normal range of product properties but they should not be used to
establish specification limits or used alone as the basis for design.
b Many modified nylon 66 are similar in most properties to the unmodified
resins. These include the hydrolysis resistant Zytel 122L, which has about
24 times the life in boiling water of the unstabilized resins. The heat stabilized
Zytel 103HSL has mechanical properties similar to Zytel 101, except for
slightly lower elongation. The internally lubricated Zytel 101F and 103FHS
offer optimum injection molding productivity. Zytel FR10 has a UL
flammability rating of 94 V-0.
c Zytel 157HSL BK010 is a heat stabilized nylon 612, containing carbon black for
superior outdoor weathering.

d Properties are measured DAM (DAM, with about 0.2% water) or at 50% RH (i.e.,

equilibrated with the atmosphere at 50% relative humidity).

e These values obtained by first annealing the test bars for 30 minutes in oil

at 50C (90F) below melting point of resin.

f These are approximate values. The coefficient of expansion is highly

dependent on both temperature and moisture content.

g Thermal conductivity measured by Conco-Fitch apparatus.
h Based on specimens 1.6 mm (1/16) thick.
i This small scale test does not indicate combustion characteristics under actual

fire conditions.

17

Table 7
Properties of DuPont Zytel Nylon Resins
and Minlon Engineering Thermoplastic ResinsS.I. Units (continued)
Extrusion Grades
42A

ELECTRICAL
MISCELLANEOUS

ST811PHS

Units

DAM

50% RH

DAM

50% RH

DAM

50% RH

Volume Resistivity

D 257

ohm-cm

10 15

10 13

Surface Resistivity

D 257

ohm/sq

Dielectric Constant
100 Hz
103 Hz
106 Hz

D 150
4.0
3.9
3.6

8.0
7.0
4.6

0.01
0.02
0.02

0.2
0.2
0.1

Property

UL VALUES

ST811HS

ASTM
Method

Dissipation Factor
100 Hz
103 Hz
106 Hz
Dielectric Strength
Short Time

D 149

Specific Gravity

D 792

Water Absorption
24 Hour
+23C

D 570

Water Absorption
Saturation
+23C

D 570

Hardness
Rockwell M
Rockwell R

D 785

Taber Abrasion
CS-17 Wheel
1000 g

kV/mm

mg/
1000
cycle

Mold Shrinkage
3.2 mm
Flow
Transverse

1.14

1.04

1.05

1.2

1.5

8.5

80
121

60
108

57
70

1.5

1.8

1.8

Acid Resistance

Limited; attacked by strong acids; general order of resistance 612 > 66 > 6.

Base Resistance

Excellent at room temperature; attacked by strong bases at elevated temperatures.

Solvent Resistance

Generally excellent; some absorption by such polar solvents as water, alcohols and certain halogenated hydrocarbons causing
plasticization and dimension changes.

Oxygen Indexi

D 2863

UL Flammabilityh

UL-94

Hot Wire Ignition

UL-746A

High Amp Arc Ignition

High Voltage
Tracking Rate

% O2

HB

35

UL-746A

Arc s

182

UL-746A

cm/min
1.02

Arc Resistance

D 495

1.16

Comparative
Tracking Index

UL-746A

V
600+

Notes:
a These values are for this composition only. Colorants or other additives of any
kind may alter some or all of these properties. The data listed here fall within
the normal range of product properties but they should not be used to
establish specification limits or used alone as the basis for design.

d Properties are measured DAM (DAM, with about 0.2% water) or at 50% RH (i.e.,

equilibrated with the atmosphere at 50% relative humidity).

e These values obtained by first annealing the test bars for 30 minutes in oil

at 50C (90F) below melting point of resin.

b Many modified nylon 66 are similar in most properties to the unmodified

f These are approximate values. The coefficient of expansion is highly

resins. These include the hydrolysis resistant Zytel 122L, which has about
24 times the life in boiling water of the unstabilized resins. The heat stabilized
Zytel 103HSL has mechanical properties similar to Zytel 101, except for
slightly lower elongation. The internally lubricated Zytel 101F and 103FHS
offer optimum injection molding productivity. Zytel FR10 has a UL
flammability rating of 94 V-0.
c Zytel 157HSL BK010 is a heat stabilized nylon 612, containing carbon black for
superior outdoor weathering.

dependent on both temperature and moisture content.

g Thermal conductivity measured by Conco-Fitch apparatus.
h Based on specimens 1.6 mm (1/16) thick.
i This small scale test does not indicate combustion characteristics under actual

fire conditions.

18

Table 8
Properties of DuPont Zytel Nylon Resins
and Minlon Engineering Thermoplastic ResinsInch/Pound Units
Unreinforced
101
101L
General
Purposeb
ASTM
Method

Units

Tensile Strength
40F
+73F
+170F
+250F

D 638

kpsi

Elongation at Break
40F
+73F
+170F
+250F
Yield Strength
40F
+73F
+170F
+250F
Elongation at Yield
40F
+73F
+170F
+250F
Flexural Modulus
40F
+73F
+170F
+250F
Shear Strength
+73F
Deformation
Under Load
2000 psi (122F)
Compressive
Stress1% Deformation
Izod Impact
40F
+73F
Tensile Impact
Strength
Long Specimen, +73F
Short Specimen, +73F

D 638

THERMAL

MECHANICAL

Property

Melting Point
Heat Deflection
Temperaturee
66 psi
264 psi
Coefficient of
Linear Thermal
Expansion f
Specific Heat
Thermal
Conductivityg
Brittleness
Temperature

D 638

D 638

D 790

408L
408HS
Impact
Modified

ST801
ST801HS
Super
Tough

DAM

50% RH

DAM

50% RH

DAM

50% RH

DAM

50% RH

DAM

50% RH

16.5
12.0
9.0
6.2

16.0
11.2
5.9
5.5

18.7
13.1
9.0
6.9

17.0
9.0

13.6
8.8
5.9

13.5
7.4
5.4
4.4

15.1
9.0
6.3
4.6

13.1
7.5
5.0
4.0

11.6
7.5
5.9
5.0

10.0
6.0

15
60
300
300

20
300
300
300

10
30
145
300

15
200
>300
>300

15
150
300

30
300
270
250

80
210
300

20
270
300
300

20
60
220
275

10
210
170

16.5
12.0
6.5
4.8

16.0
8.5
5.9
4.0

18.7
13.1
6.9
5.0

17.0
9.0

13.6
8.8
4.3

13.5
7.4
3.8
2.5

8.8
4.9
3.3

7.5
3.8
3.0

4
5
30
45

25
30
40

5
5
25
45

5
25

8
7
30

14
40

5
30
50

15
28
40

470
410
100
78

500
175
82
60

510
430
105
80

190

340
295
60
48

400
180
60
50

410
285
80
50

480
160
60
50

285
245
69
50

340
125
57
47

9.6

10.5

10.0

8.6

8.1

8.4

1.4

1.2

1.6

1.4

4.9

2.4

0.6
1.0

0.5
2.1

0.7
0.8

0.6
2.0

0.9
1.0

0.6
1.4

1.3
4.3

1.2
4.5

3.0
17.0

2.6
20.0

240
75

700
110

291
73

450
104

262
90

800
126

280

550

504

423

504

504

455
194

464
194

356
149

446
67

421
160

0.4
0.65

0.65

0.5
0.67

0.45

0.67

1.7

1.7

1.5

112

85

62

62

195

165

155

120

kpsi

kpsi

kpsi

D 621

D 695

kpsi

D 256

ftlb/in

D 3418
D 648

105
BK010A
Weather
Resistant

D 732

D 1822

Toughened/Super Tough
158Lc

ftlb/in 2

F
F

D 696

10 4/F

D 746

Btu/lbF
Btuin/
hft2 F
F

Notes:
a These values are for this composition only. Colorants or other additives of any
kind may alter some or all of these properties. The data listed here fall within
the normal range of product properties but they should not be used to
establish specification limits or used alone as the basis for design.

d Properties are measured DAM (DAM, with about 0.2% water) or at 50% RH (i.e.,

equilibrated with the atmosphere at 50% relative humidity).

e These values obtained by first annealing the test bars for 30 minutes in oil

at 50C (90F) below melting point of resin.

b Many modified nylon 66 are similar in most properties to the unmodified

f These are approximate values. The coefficient of expansion is highly

Zytel

resins. These include the hydrolysis resistant

122L, which has about
24 times the life in boiling water of the unstabilized resins. The heat stabilized
Zytel 103HSL has mechanical properties similar to Zytel 101, except for
slightly lower elongation. The internally lubricated Zytel 101F and 103FHS
offer optimum injection molding productivity. Zytel FR10 has a UL
flammability rating of 94 V-0.
c Zytel 157HSL BK010 is a heat stabilized nylon 612, containing carbon black for
superior outdoor weathering.

dependent on both temperature and moisture content.

g Thermal conductivity measured by Conco-Fitch apparatus.
h Based on specimens 1.6 mm (1/16) thick.
i This small scale test does not indicate combustion characteristics under actual

fire conditions.

19

Table 8
Properties of DuPont Zytel Nylon Resins
and Minlon Engineering Thermoplastic ResinsInch/Pound Units (continued)
Glass Reinforced
70G13L
70G13HS1L

THERMAL

MECHANICAL

Property

ASTM
Method

Tensile Strength
D 638
40F
+73F
+170F
+250F
Elongation at Break
D 638
40F
+73F
+170F
+250F
Yield Strength
D 638
+23F
+73F
+170F
+250F
Elongation at Yield
D 638
+23F
+73F
+170F
+250F
Flexural Modulus
D 790
40F
+73F
+170F
+250F
Shear Strength
D 732
+73F
Deformation
D 621
Under Load
2000 psi (122F)
Compressive
D 695
Stress1% Deformation
Izod Impact
D 256
40F
+73F
Tensile Impact
D 1822
Strength
Long Specimen, +73F
Short Specimen, +73F
Melting Point
D 3418
Heat Deflection
D 648
Temperature
66 psi
264 psi
Coefficient of
D 696
Linear Thermal
Expansionf
Specific Heat
Thermal
Conductivityg
Brittleness
D 746
Temperature

Units

DAM

70G33L
70G33HS1L
70G33HRL

70G43L

71G13L

71G33L

Impact
Modified

Impact
Modified

77G33L

77G43L

80G33L
80G33HS1L

50% RH DAM 50% RH DAM 50% RH DAM 50% RH DAM 50% RH DAM 50% RH DAM 50% RH DAM

50% RH

kpsi

17.5

12.0

31.0
27.0
16.0

30.0
18.0
12.5

36.5
30.0
17.5
12.5

21.0
10.5

15.0

9.0

22.0

16.0

34.0
24.0
16.0
11.0

20.0
14.0

28.0

24.0

21.0

16.0

11

700

400

1300

900

1600

1200

550

300

1000

800

1200

900

1500

1250

1000

735

11.0

12.5

13.5

9.0

10.5

11.0

12.0

1.1*

0.8

0.7

1.7

1.3

1.0

0.5

0.9

1.0

2.2

2.5

2.5

3.5

2.3

2.3

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.5

2.9

3.0

4.1

4.4

504

504

504

504

504

423

423

504

470

500
480

500
485

491
450

500
475

428
410

419
410

482

0.15

0.13

0.12

0.13

0.10

0.13

0.12

0.18

kpsi

kpsi

kpsi
%

kpsi
ftlb/in

ftlb/in2

F
F

10 4/F

Btuin/
hft2 F
F

Notes:
a These values are for this composition only. Colorants or other additives of any
kind may alter some or all of these properties. The data listed here fall within
the normal range of product properties but they should not be used to
establish specification limits or used alone as the basis for design.

d Properties are measured DAM (DAM, with about 0.2% water) or at 50% RH (i.e.,

equilibrated with the atmosphere at 50% relative humidity).

e These values obtained by first annealing the test bars for 30 minutes in oil

at 50C (90F) below melting point of resin.

b Many modified nylon 66 are similar in most properties to the unmodified

f These are approximate values. The coefficient of expansion is highly

resins. These include the hydrolysis resistant Zytel 122L, which has about
24 times the life in boiling water of the unstabilized resins. The heat stabilized
Zytel 103HSL has mechanical properties similar to Zytel 101, except for
slightly lower elongation. The internally lubricated Zytel 101F and 103FHS
offer optimum injection molding productivity. Zytel FR10 has a UL
flammability rating of 94 V-0.

dependent on both temperature and moisture content.

g Thermal conductivity measured by Conco-Fitch apparatus.
h Based on specimens 1.6 mm (1/16) thick.
i This small scale test does not indicate combustion characteristics under actual

fire conditions.

c Zytel 157HSL BK010 is a heat stabilized nylon 612, containing carbon black for

superior outdoor weathering.

20

Table 8
Properties of DuPont Zytel Nylon Resins
and Minlon Engineering Thermoplastic ResinsInch/Pound Units (continued)
Minlon
10B40

THERMAL

MECHANICAL

Propertya,d
Tensile Strength
40F
+73F
+170F
+250F
Elongation at Break
40F
+73F
+170F
+250F
Yield Strength
40F
+73F
+170F
+250F
Elongation at Yield
40F
+73F
+170F
+250F
Flexural Modulus
40F
+73F
+170F
+250F
Shear Strength
+73F
Deformation
Under Load
2000 psi (122F)
Compressive
Stress1% Deformation
Izod Impact
40F
+73F
Tensile Impact
Strength
Long Specimen, +73F
Short Specimen, +73F
Melting Point
Heat Deflection
Temperature
66 psi
264 psi
Coefficient of
Linear Thermal
Expansion f
Specific Heat
Thermal
Conductivityg
Brittleness
Temperature

ASTM
Method

Units

D 638

kpsi

D 638

D 638

D 638

D 790

DAM

50% RH

DAM

50% RH

DAM

50% RH

DAM

50% RH

DAM

50% RH

18.9
14.2
7.6
5.8

17.9
9.0
6.4
4.8

18.5
12.9
8.5
5.1

18.0
9.2
6.3
4.7

18.0
11.5
7.6
5.6

17.5
8.8
6.0
4.7

21.9
17.0
9.5
7.7

19.9
12.2
8.4
6.9

21.0
18.9
9.5
7.5

19.5
12.4
8.1
6.4

2
3
11
15.5

3
10
13
16

3
17
52
64

4
40
64
71

6
20
55
77

11
45
59
79

4
3
5
6

4
6
6
6.5

3
4
13
17

4
12
16.5
18

1160
1050
425
200

1050
600
250
180

950
760
200
125

925
275
170
120

935
665
180
100

925
255
145
90

1120
985
420
270

1100
700
330
240

1000
1000
275
200

950
600
270
200

8.45

12.1

12.0

8.45

8.45

12.0

0.6
0.6

0.7
0.7

0.8
1.3

1.2
2.3

0.9
2.4

1.5
3.5

0.7
1.1

1.4

0.6
0.9

0.7
1.1

504

498

498

504

504

482
428

446
194

436
167

496
446

495
455

0.2

0.2

0.3

0.2

0.2

3.0

2.5

2.4

2.4

2.5

kpsi

D 695

kpsi

D 256

ftlb/in

D 746

22C

D 621

D 696

20B

kpsi

kpsi

D 3418
D 648

12T

D 732

D 1822

11C40

ftlb/in 2

F
F

10 4/F

Btuin/
hft2 F
F

Notes:
a These values are for this composition only. Colorants or other additives of any
kind may alter some or all of these properties. The data listed here fall within
the normal range of product properties but they should not be used to
establish specification limits or used alone as the basis for design.

d Properties are measured DAM (DAM, with about 0.2% water) or at 50% RH (i.e.,

equilibrated with the atmosphere at 50% relative humidity).

e These values obtained by first annealing the test bars for 30 minutes in oil

at 50C (90F) below melting point of resin.

b Many modified nylon 66 are similar in most properties to the unmodified

f These are approximate values. The coefficient of expansion is highly

Zytel

122L, which has about

resins. These include the hydrolysis resistant
24 times the life in boiling water of the unstabilized resins. The heat stabilized
Zytel 103HSL has mechanical properties similar to Zytel 101, except for
slightly lower elongation. The internally lubricated Zytel 101F and 103FHS
offer optimum injection molding productivity. Zytel FR10 has a UL
flammability rating of 94 V-0.

dependent on both temperature and moisture content.

g Thermal conductivity measured by Conco-Fitch apparatus.
h Based on specimens 1.6 mm (1/16) thick.
i This small scale test does not indicate combustion characteristics under actual

fire conditions.

c Zytel 157HSL BK010 is a heat stabilized nylon 612, containing carbon black for

superior outdoor weathering.

21

Table 8
Properties of DuPont Zytel Nylon Resins
and Minlon Engineering Thermoplastic ResinsInch/Pound Units (continued)
V-0
FR10

THERMAL

MECHANICAL

Propertya,d
Tensile Strength
40F
+73F
+170F
+250F
Elongation at Break
40F
+73F
+170F
+250F
Yield Strength
40F
+73F
+170F
+250F
Elongation at Yield
40F
+73F
+170F
+250F
Flexural Modulus
40F
+73F
+170F
+250F
Shear Strength
+73F
Deformation
Under Load
2000 psi (122F)
Compressive
Stress1% Deformation
Izod Impact
40F
+73F
Tensile Impact
Strength
Long Specimen, +73F
Short Specimen, +73F
Melting Point
Heat Deflection
Temperature
66 psi
264 psi
Coefficient of
Linear Thermal
Expansionf
Specific Heat
Thermal
Conductivityg
Brittleness
Temperature

ASTM
Method

Units

D 638

kpsi

D 638

D 638

D 638

D 790

DAM

50% RH

DAM

50% RH

10.0

5.7

22.8

19.4

10.6

7.9

19

160

423

135

1190

974

1050

710

0.7

1.7

1.9

1.9

0.5

0.6

459

504

500

421e
212e

495
466

467
387

kpsi

D 695

kpsi

D 256

ftlb/in

D 746

50% RH

D 621

D 696

DAM

kpsi

kpsi

D 3418
D 648

FR70M30V0

D 732

D 1822

FR50

ftlb/in2

F
F

10 4/F

Btuin/
hft2 F
F

Notes:
a These values are for this composition only. Colorants or other additives of any
kind may alter some or all of these properties. The data listed here fall within
the normal range of product properties but they should not be used to
establish specification limits or used alone as the basis for design.

d Properties are measured DAM (DAM, with about 0.2% water) or at 50% RH (i.e.,

equilibrated with the atmosphere at 50% relative humidity).

e These values obtained by first annealing the test bars for 30 minutes in oil

at 50C (90F) below melting point of resin.

b Many modified nylon 66 are similar in most properties to the unmodified

f These are approximate values. The coefficient of expansion is highly

resins. These include the hydrolysis resistant Zytel 122L, which has about
24 times the life in boiling water of the unstabilized resins. The heat stabilized
Zytel 103HSL has mechanical properties similar to Zytel 101, except for
slightly lower elongation. The internally lubricated Zytel 101F and 103FHS
offer optimum injection molding productivity. Zytel FR10 has a UL
flammability rating of 94 V-0.

dependent on both temperature and moisture content.

g Thermal conductivity measured by Conco-Fitch apparatus.
h Based on specimens 1.6 mm (1/16) thick.
i This small scale test does not indicate combustion characteristics under actual

fire conditions.

c Zytel 157HSL BK010 is a heat stabilized nylon 612, containing carbon black for

superior outdoor weathering.

22

Table 8
Properties of DuPont Zytel Nylon Resins
and Minlon Engineering Thermoplastic ResinsInch/Pound Units (continued)
Extrusion Grades
42A

THERMAL

MECHANICAL

Propertya,d
Tensile Strength
40F
+73F
+170F
+250F
Elongation at Break
40F
+73F
+170F
+250F
Yield Strength
40F
+73F
+170F
+250F
Elongation at Yield
40F
+73F
+170F
+250F
Flexural Modulus
40F
+73F
+170F
+250F
Shear Strength
+73F
Deformation
Under Load
2000 psi (122F)
Compressive
Stress1% Deformation
Izod Impact
40F
+73F
Tensile Impact
Strength
Long Specimen, +73F
Short Specimen, +73F
Melting Point
Heat Deflection
Temperaturee
66 psi
264 psi
Coefficient of
Linear Thermal
Expansion f
Specific Heat
Thermal
Conductivityg
Brittleness
Temperature

ASTM
Method

Units

D 638

kpsi

D 638

D 638

D 638

D 790

ST811PHS

DAM

50% RH

DAM

50% RH

DAM

50% RH

17.0
12.4
8.5
6.3

16.1
11.2
5.9
4.7

7.0

5.9

6.0

5.1

15
90
155
200

35
300
300
300

>250

>250

>250

>250

17.0
12.4
8.5
5.1

16.1
8.6
5.9
4.7

5
30
30

5
30
30
30

470
410
100
78

500
175
82
60

65

40

40

30

9.6

9.2

4.9

2.2

0.6
1.2

0.5
2.5

13.0
40

19.4

255

504

455
194

351
151

352
153

0.4
0.65

0.67

0.67

1.7

148

121

kpsi

kpsi

D 732

kpsi

D 621

D 695

kpsi

D 256

ftlb/in

D 1822

ST811HS

ftlb/in 2

D 3418
D 648

F
F

D 696

10 4/F

D 746

Btu/lbF
Btuin/
hft2 F
F

Notes:
a These values are for this composition only. Colorants or other additives of any
kind may alter some or all of these properties. The data listed here fall within
the normal range of product properties but they should not be used to
establish specification limits or used alone as the basis for design.

d Properties are measured DAM (DAM, with about 0.2% water) or at 50% RH (i.e.,

equilibrated with the atmosphere at 50% relative humidity).

e These values obtained by first annealing the test bars for 30 minutes in oil

at 50C (90F) below melting point of resin.

b Many modified nylon 66 are similar in most properties to the unmodified

f These are approximate values. The coefficient of expansion is highly

Zytel

resins. These include the hydrolysis resistant

122L, which has about
24 times the life in boiling water of the unstabilized resins. The heat stabilized
Zytel 103HSL has mechanical properties similar to Zytel 101, except for
slightly lower elongation. The internally lubricated Zytel 101F and 103FHS
offer optimum injection molding productivity. Zytel FR10 has a UL
flammability rating of 94 V-0.
c Zytel 157HSL BK010 is a heat stabilized nylon 612, containing carbon black for
superior outdoor weathering.

dependent on both temperature and moisture content.

g Thermal conductivity measured by Conco-Fitch apparatus.
h Based on specimens 1.6 mm (1/16) thick.
i This small scale test does not indicate combustion characteristics under actual

fire conditions.

23

Table 8
Properties of DuPont Zytel Nylon Resins
and Minlon Engineering Thermoplastic ResinsInch/Pound Units (continued)
Unreinforced
101
101L
General
Purpose

ELECTRICAL

158L

408L
408HS
Impact
Modified

ST801
ST801HS
Super
Tough

Units

DAM

50% RH

DAM

50% RH

DAM

50% RH

DAM

50% RH

DAM

50% RH

Volume Resistivity

D 257

ohm-cm

10 15

10 13

10 14

10 12

10 15

10 13

10 15

10 13

10 14

10 13

Surface Resistivity

D 257

ohm/sq

Dielectric Constant
100 Hz
103 Hz
106 Hz

D 150
4.0
3.9
3.6

8.0
7.0
4.6

4.0
3.9
3.6

8.0
7.0
4.6

4.0
4.0
3.5

6.0
5.3
4.0

3.1
3.1
2.9

5.9
4.8
3.3

3.2
3.2
2.9

5.5
4.5
3.2

0.01
0.02
0.02

0.20
0.20
0.10

0.02
0.03
0.03

0.13
0.12
0.06

0.02
0.02
0.02

0.15
0.15
0.10

0.02
0.02
0.02

0.10
0.11
0.10

0.01
0.01
0.02

0.20
0.10
0.05

1.14

1.15

1.06

1.09

1.08

1.20

1.20

0.25

1.20

1.20

8.50

8.50

3.00

7.00

6.70

79
121

59
108

87
121

80
109

114

108

71
115

50
102

112

89

89

82

91

85

83

76

1.50

1.50

1.10

1.50

1.80

Dissipation Factor
100 Hz
103 Hz
106 Hz
Dielectric Strength
Short Time
Step by STep

MISCELLANEOUS

105
BK010A
Weather
Resistant

ASTM
Method

Property

D 149

V/mil

Specific Gravity

D 792

Water Absorption
24 Hour
+23C

D 570

Water Absorption
Saturation
+23C

D 570

Hardness
Rockwell M
Rockwell R

D 785

Durometer Hardness
D Scale

D 676

Taber Abrasion
CS-17 Wheel
1000 g

mg/
1000
cycle

Mold Shrinkage
1/8 in
Flow
Transverse

Acid Resistance

Limited; attacked by strong acids; general order of resistance 612 > 66 > 6.

Base Resistance

Excellent at room temperature; attacked by strong bases at elevated temperatures.

Solvent Resistance

Generally excellent; some absorption by such polar solvents as water, alcohols and certain halogenated hydrocarbons causing
plasticization and dimension changes.

Oxygen Indexi
UL
UL VALUES

Toughened/Super Tough

Flammabilityh

D 2863

% O2

UL-94

Hot Wire Ignition

High Amp Arc Ignition

UL-746A
UL-746A

s
Arc s

High Voltage
Tracking Rate

UL-746A

in/min

Arc Resistance

D 495

Comparative
Tracking Index

UL-746A

28

31

25

31

25

28

19

20

18

19

V-2

V-2

HB

HB

HB

15
186

10
200+

10
200+

20
200+

0.2

0.00

0.30

125

131

600+

600+

Notes:
a These values are for this composition only. Colorants or other additives of any
kind may alter some or all of these properties. The data listed here fall within
the normal range of product properties but they should not be used to
establish specification limits or used alone as the basis for design.

d Properties are measured DAM (DAM, with about 0.2% water) or at 50% RH (i.e.,

equilibrated with the atmosphere at 50% relative humidity).

e These values obtained by first annealing the test bars for 30 minutes in oil

at 50C (90F) below melting point of resin.

b Many modified nylon 66 are similar in most properties to the unmodified

f These are approximate values. The coefficient of expansion is highly

Zytel

resins. These include the hydrolysis resistant

122L, which has about
24 times the life in boiling water of the unstabilized resins. The heat stabilized
Zytel 103HSL has mechanical properties similar to Zytel 101, except for
slightly lower elongation. The internally lubricated Zytel 101F and 103FHS
offer optimum injection molding productivity. Zytel FR10 has a UL
flammability rating of 94 V-0.
c Zytel 157HSL BK010 is a heat stabilized nylon 612, containing carbon black for
superior outdoor weathering.

dependent on both temperature and moisture content.

g Thermal conductivity measured by Conco-Fitch apparatus.
h Based on specimens 1.6 mm (1/16) thick.
i This small scale test does not indicate combustion characteristics under actual

fire conditions.

24

Table 8
Properties of DuPont Zytel Nylon Resins
and Minlon Engineering Thermoplastic ResinsInch/Pound Units (continued)
Glass Reinforced
70G13L
70G13HS1L

UL VALUES

MISCELLANEOUS

ELECTRICAL

Property

ASTM
Method

Units

DAM

70G33L
70G33HS1L
70G33HRL

70G43L

71G13L

71G33L

Impact
Modified

Impact
Modified

77G33L

77G43L

80G33L
80G33HS1L

50% RH DAM 50% RH DAM 50% RH DAM 50% RH DAM 50% RH DAM 50% RH DAM 50% RH DAM

50% RH

Volume Resistivity

D 257 ohm-cm

10 15

109*

10 14

109

10 14

109

10 15

10 12

10 15

10 12

Surface Resistivity

D 257 ohm/sq

10 15

10 12*

10 15

10 12*

Dielectric Constant
100 Hz
103 Hz
106 Hz

D 150

4.5
3.7

25.0*
10.7*

4.2
3.4

3.7
3.4

7.8*
4.0*

4.0
3.6

7.8*
4.2*

0.02
0.02

0.02
0.02

0.02
0.02

0.14*
0.10*

0.03
0.02

0.13*
0.10*

530
440

410

630
510

520
490

440*
390*

500
480

460*
360*

1.22

1.38

1.51

1.18

1.35

1.32

1.42

1.33

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.16

0.14

7.1

5.4

4.7

6.1

4.6

2.0

1.7

95
122

84
113

101

103

82
117

66
110

96
122

90
118

118

118

12

14

34

36

0.5

0.2

0.2

0.6

0.3

0.2

0.1

0.4
1.2

Dissipation Factor
100 Hz
103 Hz
106 Hz
Dielectric Strength
Short Time
Step by Step

D 149

Specific Gravity

D 792

Water Absorption
24 Hour
+23C

D 570

Water Absorption
Saturation
+23C

D 570

Hardness
Rockwell M
Rockwell R

D 785

Durometer Hardness
D Scale

D 676

Taber Abrasion
CS-17 Wheel
1000 g
Mold Shrinkage
1/8 in
Flow
Transverse

V/mil

mg/
1000
cycle
%

Acid Resistance

Limited; attacked by strong acids; general order of resistance 612 > 66 > 6.

Base Resistance

Excellent at room temperature; attacked by strong bases at elevated temperatures.

Solvent Resistance

Generally excellent; some absorption by such polar solvents as water, alcohols and certain halogenated hydrocarbons causing
plasticization and dimension changes.

Oxygen Indexi

D 2863

UL Flammabilityh

UL-94

Hot Wire Ignition

UL-746A

High Amp Arc Ignition

High Voltage
Tracking Rate

UL-746A Arc s 200+

UL-746A in/min
1.27

% O2
s

Arc Resistance

D 495

Comparative
Tracking Index

UL-746A

HB

HB

HB

HB

HB

HB

HB

HB

15

10

26

200+

200+

200+

200+

200+

1.27

0.762

0.762

2.03

0.762

0.762

135

135

146

133

135

145

145

600+

600+

600+

600+

600+

600+

600+

Notes:
a These values are for this composition only. Colorants or other additives of any
kind may alter some or all of these properties. The data listed here fall within
the normal range of product properties but they should not be used to
establish specification limits or used alone as the basis for design.
b Many modified nylon 66 are similar in most properties to the unmodified
resins. These include the hydrolysis resistant Zytel 122L, which has about
24 times the life in boiling water of the unstabilized resins. The heat stabilized
Zytel 103HSL has mechanical properties similar to Zytel 101, except for
slightly lower elongation. The internally lubricated Zytel 101F and 103FHS
offer optimum injection molding productivity. Zytel FR10 has a UL
flammability rating of 94 V-0.
c Zytel 157HSL BK010 is a heat stabilized nylon 612, containing carbon black for
superior outdoor weathering.

d Properties are measured DAM (DAM, with about 0.2% water) or at 50% RH (i.e.,

equilibrated with the atmosphere at 50% relative humidity).

e These values obtained by first annealing the test bars for 30 minutes in oil

at 50C (90F) below melting point of resin.

f These are approximate values. The coefficient of expansion is highly

dependent on both temperature and moisture content.

g Thermal conductivity measured by Conco-Fitch apparatus.
h Based on specimens 1.6 mm (1/16) thick.
i This small scale test does not indicate combustion characteristics under actual

fire conditions.

25

Table 8
Properties of DuPont Zytel Nylon Resins
and Minlon Engineering Thermoplastic ResinsInch/Pound Units (continued)
Minlon
10B40

ELECTRICAL
MISCELLANEOUS

12T

20B

22C

Units

DAM

50% RH

DAM

50% RH

DAM

50% RH

DAM

50% RH

DAM

50% RH

Volume Resistivity

D 257

ohm-cm

10 15

10 12

10 14

108

10 13

10 10

10 14

10 11

10 15

10 11

Surface Resistivity

D 257

ohm/sq

Dielectric Constant
100 Hz
103 Hz
106 Hz

D 150

4.0
3.8

5.8
4.0

3.8
3.6

7.2
4.1

3.8
3.5

7.3
4.0

3.8
3.6

5.2
3.8

3.8
3.7

7.3
4.2

0.01
0.01

0.09
0.04

0.01
0.01

0.16
0.07

0.01
0.01

0.10
0.07

0.01
0.01

0.09
0.04

0.01
0.02

0.20
0.07

480
360

430
330

460
370

420
350

420
350

400
320

490
420

440
390

440
390

400
360

1.51

1.48

1.42

1.42

1.45

0.7

0.7

0.7

0.7

0.7

4.7

4.7

4.7

4.7

4.7

86
121

90
121

85
120

89
120

97
122

14.1

22.0

21.0

23.5

0.8
1.0

0.9
1.3

1.0
1.2

0.3
1.0

0.5
0.95

Property

Dissipation Factor
100 Hz
103 Hz
106 Hz
Dielectric Strength
Short Time
Step by Step

D 149

Specific Gravity

D 792

Water Absorption
24 Hour
+73F

D 570

Water Absorption
Saturation
+73F

D 570

Hardness
Rockwell M
Rockwell R

D 785

Durometer Hardness
D Scale

D 676

Taber Abrasion
CS-17 Wheel
1000 g

V/mil

mg/
1000
cycle

Mold Shrinkage
1/8 in
Flow
Transverse

UL VALUES

11C40

ASTM
Method

Acid Resistance

Limited; attacked by strong acids; general order of resistance 612 > 66 > 6.

Base Resistance

Excellent at room temperature; attacked by strong bases at elevated temperatures.

Solvent Resistance

Generally excellent; some absorption by such polar solvents as water, alcohols and certain halogenated hydrocarbons causing
plasticization and dimension changes.

Oxygen Indexi

D 2863

UL Flammabilityh

UL-94

Hot Wire Ignition

UL-746A

High Amp Arc Ignition

% O2

25

30

22

28

24.5

HB

HB

HB

13

UL-746A

Arc s

200+

High Voltage
Tracking Rate

UL-746A

in/min
0.51

Arc Resistance

D 495

Comparative
Tracking Index

UL-746A

Notes:
a These values are for this composition only. Colorants or other additives of any
kind may alter some or all of these properties. The data listed here fall within
the normal range of product properties but they should not be used to
establish specification limits or used alone as the basis for design.

d Properties are measured DAM (DAM, with about 0.2% water) or at 50% RH (i.e.,

equilibrated with the atmosphere at 50% relative humidity).

e These values obtained by first annealing the test bars for 30 minutes in oil

at 50C (90F) below melting point of resin.

b Many modified nylon 66 are similar in most properties to the unmodified

f These are approximate values. The coefficient of expansion is highly

resins. These include the hydrolysis resistant Zytel 122L, which has about
24 times the life in boiling water of the unstabilized resins. The heat stabilized
Zytel 103HSL has mechanical properties similar to Zytel 101, except for
slightly lower elongation. The internally lubricated Zytel 101F and 103FHS
offer optimum injection molding productivity. Zytel FR10 has a UL
flammability rating of 94 V-0.
c Zytel 157HSL BK010 is a heat stabilized nylon 612, containing carbon black for
superior outdoor weathering.

dependent on both temperature and moisture content.

g Thermal conductivity measured by Conco-Fitch apparatus.
h Based on specimens 1.6 mm (1/16) thick.
i This small scale test does not indicate combustion characteristics under actual

fire conditions.

26

Table 8
Properties of DuPont Zytel Nylon Resins
and Minlon Engineering Thermoplastic ResinsInch/Pound Units (continued)
V-0
FR10

ELECTRICAL
MISCELLANEOUS

FR70M30V0

Units

DAM

50% RH

DAM

50% RH

DAM

50% RH

Volume Resistivity

D 257

ohm-cm

10 14

10 14

10 14

Surface Resistivity

D 257

ohm/sq

Dielectric Constant
100 Hz
103 Hz
106 Hz

D 150

3.7
3.5

3.6
3.5

3.8
3.7

0.013
0.020

0.009
0.014

0.011
0.014

432

437

413

1.24

1.56

1.65

1.2

0.4
0.8

0.5
0.8

Propertya,d

Dissipation Factor
100 Hz
103 Hz
106 Hz
Dielectric Strength
Short Time
Step by Step

D 149

Specific Gravity

D 792

Water Absorption
24 Hour
+73F

D 570

Water Absorption
Saturation
+73F

D 570

Hardness
Rockwell M
Rockwell R

D 785

Durometer Hardness
D Scale

D 676

Taber Abrasion
CS-17 Wheel
1000 g

V/mil

mg/
1000
cycle

Mold Shrinkage
1/8 in
Flow
Transverse

UL VALUES

FR50

ASTM
Method

Acid Resistance

Limited; attacked by strong acids; general order of resistance 612 > 66 > 6.

Base Resistance

Excellent at room temperature; attacked by strong bases at elevated temperatures.

Solvent Resistance

Generally excellent; some absorption by such polar solvents as water, alcohols and certain halogenated hydrocarbons causing
plasticization and dimension changes.

Oxygen Indexi

D 2863

UL Flammabiltyh

UL-94

Hot Wire Ignition

UL-746A

High Amp Arc Ignition

% O2

30

36

37

V-0*

V-0*

V-0*

24

300+

300+

UL-746A

Arc s

200+

187

151

High Voltage
Tracking Rate

UL-746A

in/min
2.4*

0.8*

0.7*

Arc Resistance

D 495

13

103

110

Comparative
Tracking Indexi

UL-746A

V
315

285

290

Notes:
a These values are for this composition only. Colorants or other additives of any
kind may alter some or all of these properties. The data listed here fall within
the normal range of product properties but they should not be used to
establish specification limits or used alone as the basis for design.

d Properties are measured DAM (DAM, with about 0.2% water) or at 50% RH (i.e.,

equilibrated with the atmosphere at 50% relative humidity).

e These values obtained by first annealing the test bars for 30 minutes in oil

at 50C (90F) below melting point of resin.

b Many modified nylon 66 are similar in most properties to the unmodified

f These are approximate values. The coefficient of expansion is highly

Zytel

resins. These include the hydrolysis resistant

122L, which has about
24 times the life in boiling water of the unstabilized resins. The heat stabilized
Zytel 103HSL has mechanical properties similar to Zytel 101, except for
slightly lower elongation. The internally lubricated Zytel 101F and 103FHS
offer optimum injection molding productivity. Zytel FR10 has a UL
flammability rating of 94 V-0.
c Zytel 157HSL BK010 is a heat stabilized nylon 612, containing carbon black for
superior outdoor weathering.

dependent on both temperature and moisture content.

g Thermal conductivity measured by Conco-Fitch apparatus.
h Based on specimens 1.6 mm (1/16) thick.
i This small scale test does not indicate combustion characteristics under actual

fire conditions.

27

Table 8
Properties of DuPont Zytel Nylon Resins
and Minlon Engineering Thermoplastic ResinsInch/Pound Units (continued)
Extrusion Grades
42A

ELECTRICAL
MISCELLANEOUS

ST811PHS

Units

DAM

50% RH

DAM

50% RH

DAM

50% RH

Volume Resistivity

D 257

ohm-cm

10 15

10 13

Surface Resistivity

D 257

ohm/sq

Dielectric Constant
100 Hz
103 Hz
106 Hz

D 150
4.0
3.9
3.6

8.0
7.0
4.6

0.01
0.02
0.02

0.2
0.2
0.1

1.14

1.04

1.04

1.05

1.2

1.5

8.5

80
121

60
108

57

90

82

70

57

1.5

1.8

1.8

Property

Dissipation Factor
100 Hz
103 Hz
106 Hz
Dielectric Strength
Short Time
Step by Step

D 149

Specific Gravity

D 792

Water Absorption
24 Hour
+73F

D 570

Water Absorption
Saturation
+73F

D 570

Hardness
Rockwell M
Rockwell R

D 785

Durometer Hardness
D Scale

D 785

Taber Abrasion
CS-17 Wheel
1000 g

V/mil

mg/
1000
cycle

Mold Shrinkage
1/8 in
Flow
Transverse

UL VALUES

ST811HS

ASTM
Method

Acid Resistance

Limited; attacked by strong acids; general order of resistance 612 > 66 > 6.

Base Resistance

Excellent at room temperature; attacked by strong bases at elevated temperatures.

Solvent Resistance

Generally excellent; some absorption by such polar solvents as water, alcohols and certain halogenated hydrocarbons causing
plasticization and dimension changes.

Oxygen Indexi

D 2863

UL Flammabilityh

UL-94

Hot Wire Ignition

UL-746A

High Amp Arc Ignition

High Voltage
Tracking Rate

% O2

HB

35

UL-746A

Arc s

182

UL-746A

cm/min
1.02

Arc Resistance

D 495

1.16

Comparative
Tracking Index

UL-746A

V
600+

Notes:
a These values are for this composition only. Colorants or other additives of any
kind may alter some or all of these properties. The data listed here fall within
the normal range of product properties but they should not be used to
establish specification limits or used alone as the basis for design.

d Properties are measured DAM (DAM, with about 0.2% water) or at 50% RH (i.e.,

equilibrated with the atmosphere at 50% relative humidity).

e These values obtained by first annealing the test bars for 30 minutes in oil

at 50C (90F) below melting point of resin.

b Many modified nylon 66 are similar in most properties to the unmodified

f These are approximate values. The coefficient of expansion is highly

resins. These include the hydrolysis resistant Zytel 122L, which has about
24 times the life in boiling water of the unstabilized resins. The heat stabilized
Zytel 103HSL has mechanical properties similar to Zytel 101, except for
slightly lower elongation. The internally lubricated Zytel 101F and 103FHS
offer optimum injection molding productivity. Zytel FR10 has a UL
flammability rating of 94 V-0.
c Zytel 157HSL BK010 is a heat stabilized nylon 612, containing carbon black for
superior outdoor weathering.

dependent on both temperature and moisture content.

g Thermal conductivity measured by Conco-Fitch apparatus.
h Based on specimens 1.6 mm (1/16) thick.
i This small scale test does not indicate combustion characteristics under actual

fire conditions.

28

Section 2

Strength
Contents
Stress and Strain
Tensile Strength
Yield Strength
Tension and Compression
Shear Strength
Poissons Ratio

29

Strength
Stress and Strain

Test Data (ASTM D 638)

A stress-strain curve shows the relationship of an

increasing force on a test sample to the resulting
elongation of the sample. Some of the factors that
affect the curve are: temperature, moisture content,
type of resin, rate of testing, etc.

See Figures 211 for stress-strain data for

unreinforced Zytel nylon resins, Figures 1224
for Minlon engineering thermoplastic resins and
Figures 2536 for GRZ resins. Supertough
ST801 is shown in Figure 8.

Three different types of stress-strain curves are

illustrated in Figure 1. Stress-strain curves, Type
A and B, illustrate materials that have gradual
and abrupt yielding. The Type C diagram shows
a material that fails before yielding occurs.
Tests conducted at room temperature using ASTM
recommended strain rates showed that conditioned
Zytel 101 nylon resin (2.5% moisture content) is
a material that yields gradually (Type A). On
the other hand, DAM Zytel 101 yields abruptly
(Type B), and glass filled nylon (GRZ) resins
usually fracture before yielding occurs (Type C).

Figure 2. Tensile Stress-Strain Data for Zytel 101 at

23C (73F)
100

14,000
Yield Point

12,000

80

Tensile Stress, MPa

Figure 1. Types of Stress-Strain Curves

Yield Point

60

8,000
50% RH

6,000

40

Tensile Stress, psi

10,000

DAM

4,000
20
2,000
0

Stress

10

15

20

25

Strain, % Elongation

Type A

Figure 3. Tensile Stress-Strain Data for Zytel 101,

50%, RH* at Four Temperatures

Strain

120
Yield Point

16,000
14,000
12,000

80
Tensile Stress, MPa

Type B
Strain

10,000
Yield Point

60

23C (73F)
Yield Point

40

50C (122F)

Yield Point

121C (250F)

8,000
6,000

Tensile Stress, psi

Stress

40C (40F)

100

4,000

Stress

20
2,000
0
Type C

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Strain, % Elongation
Note: Consider heat stabilized Zytel for long-term
exposure to high temperatures, e.g., Zytel 103HSL.

Strain

*Sample has been conditioned to 50% relative humidity,

henceforth referred to as 50% RH.

30

Figure 4. Yield Point of Zytel 101 vs. Temperature and Moisture Content
0

50

100

150

200

100
14,000
D
(0 AM
.2
%
M

80

12,000

ity t)
id en
m nt
Hu o
e eC
ity )
tiv ur
id ent
la st
i
um t
Re o
H on
% M
e C
50 .5%
tiv re
(2
la stu
Re oi
0% M
10 .5%
(8

oi

st

Yield Point, MPa

60

40

10,000

Co

nt

en

t)

8,000

6,000

Yield Point, psi

ur

4,000
20
2,000

0
40

20

20

40

60

80

100

120

Temperature, C

Figure 5. Yield Stress Data for Zytel 101, DAM and 50% RH vs. Strain Rate and Temperature
Strain Rate, in/min
120

10

100

1,000

10,000
16,000

100
DAM
(0.2% Moisture Content), 23C (73F)

Yield Stress, MPa

50% Relative Humidity

(2.5% Moisture Content), 23C (73F)

60

8,000
40
DAM, 130C (266F)
50% RH, 130C (266F)

20

4,000

DAM, 200C (392F)

50% RH, 200C (392F)

0
25.4

254

2,540
Strain Rate, mm/min

31

25,400

254,000

Yield Stress, psi

12,000

80

Figure 6. Tensile Stress-Strain Data for Zytel 408L,

DAM at Four Temperatures

Figure 8.

120

80

10,000
60
23C (73F)

8,000
6,000

77C (171F)

40

121C (250F)

Tensile Stress, psi

12,000

80

60

8,000
(Breaks at 60%)
50% Relative Humidity

40

4,000
20
2,000
0

4,000

10

10

20

30

40

50

60

Note: Consider Zytel 408HS for high temperature applications.

Tensile Stress, MPa

100

Tensile Stress-Strain Data for Zytel 408L,

50% RH at Four Temperatures
14,000
40C (40F)

12,000
10,000

60
8,000

23C (73F)

6,000

40
77C (171F)

10

20

30

60

10,000
60

8,000
23C (73F)

6,000

40
90C (194F)

4,000

10

20 30 40 50 60 70
Strain, % Elongation

Note: Consider Zytel 153HSL for high temperature applications.

2,000

50

12,000

80

4,000

40

14,000

40C (40F)

2,000

20
121C (250F)

100

20

Tensile Stress, psi

Tensile Stress, MPa

80

40

Tensile Stress-Strain Data for Zytel 158L,

DAM at Three Temperatures

Figure 9.

100

30

70

Strain, % Elongation

Figure 7.

20

Strain, % Elongation

2,000

6,000

(Breaks at 210%)

20

10,000

DAM
(0.2% Moisture Content)

Tensile Stress, psi

14,000

Tensile Stress, psi

40C (40F)

Tensile Stress, MPa

16,000

100

Tensile Stress, MPa

Tensile Stress-Strain Data for

Zytel ST801 at 23C (73F)

70

Strain, % Elongation
Note: Consider Zytel 408HS for high temperature applications.

32

Figure 10. Tensile Stress-Strain Data for Zytel 158L,

50% RH at Four Temperatures

8,000
6,000

40

77C (171F)

4,000
20

90C (194F)

10

2,000

20 30 40 50 60 70
Strain, % Elongation

16
100

14
23C (73F)

12

80

10
60

8
66C (150F)

40
93C (200F)

Note: Consider Zytel 153HSL for high temperature applications.

20

12,000
22
10,000
8,000
6,000

140

20
2,000
40 20

20
18

120

4,000

20 40 60 80 100

16
100

14
12

80

10
60

23C (73F)

Temperature, C

66C (150F)

40
93C (200F)

20

149C (300F)

Strain, %

33

2
8

40

Figure 13. Stress-Strain for Minlon 10B40, 50% RH

at Four Temperatures

14,000

Tensile Stress, MPa

Yield Stress, MPa

60

Temperature, F
0
50 100 150 200

t)
en
nt
M Co
ty
idi t)
DA re
u
t
m ten
Hu on
ois
M
ive e C
2%
lat tur
(0.
Re is
% Mo
50 3%
(1.

80

Strain, %

Yield Stress, psi

100

50

149C (300F)

Figure 11. Yield Point of Zytel 158L vs.

Temperature and Moisture Content

Tensile Stress, 10 psi

18

120
Tensile Stress, MPa

23C (73F)

20

12,000
10,000

60

140

Tensile Stress, psi

Tensile Stress, MPa

80

22

14,000
40C (40F)

Tensile Stress, 10 psi

100

Figure 12. Stress-Strain for Minlon 10B40, DAM

at Four Temperatures

Figure 16. Stress-Strain Data for Minlon 11C40,

DAM at Four Temperatures

22
Tensile Stress, MPa

20
18

120

120

40C (40F)

100
80

93C (200F)

40

12

80

10

66C (150F)

60

93C (200F)
149C (300F)

40

50

22

60

20
18
40C (40F)

2
3

40

120

30
Strain, %

140

20

20

16

100

14

Tensile Stress, MPa

100

149C (300F)
10

23C (73F)

Tensile Stress, 10 psi

Tensile Stress, MPa

20

16

12
10
8
6
4
2

23C (73F)

60

Tensile Stress, 10 psi

140

22
20
18
16
14

140

Tensile Stress, 103 psi

Figure 14. Stress-Strain Data for Minlon 20B,

DAM at Four Temperatures

14
23C (73F)

80

12
10

60
8

Strain, %
6

40

Figure 15. Stress-Strain Data for Minlon 20B,

50% RH at Three Temperatures

20

22

Strain, %

140

20

Figure 17. Stress-Strain Data for Minlon 11C40,

50% RH at Four Temperatures

10
60

8
93C (200F)
149C (300F)

40C (40F)

80

23C (73F)

60
93C (200F)

40
20

149C (300F)
10

40

100

20

30
Strain, %

40

50

22

60

140

20

20
2
3

16

40C (40F)

Strain, %

100

Tensile Stress, MPa

18

120

14
12

80

10
60
8
6

40
23C (73F)

4
20

93C (200F)

2
149C (300F)

Strain, %

34

Tensile Stress, 10 psi

23C (73F)

120

Tensile Stress, 103 psi

12

80

22
20
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2

140

Tensile Stress, MPa

14

16
100

Tensile Stress, 10 psi

18

120
Tensile Stress, MPa

93C (200F)

149C (300F)

120
100
80

23C (73F)

60
40
149C (300F)

20
10

20

30
Strain, %

40

50

22
20
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2

140
Tensile Stress, MPa

22
20
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2

40C (40F)

Tensile Stress, 103 psi

Tensile Stress, MPa

140

Figure 19. Stress-Strain Data for Minlon 12T,

50% RH at Four Temperatures

120
40C (40F)
100
0C (32F)

80
60

23C (73F)
40
20

22

60

140

20

30
Strain, %

40

50

22

60

140

20
18

120

149C (300F)
10

Tensile Stress, 103 psi

Figure 18. Stress-Strain Data for Minlon 12T,

DAM at Three Temperatures

20
18

120

40C (40F)

14
12

80
23C (73F)

10
60

100

Tensile Stress, MPa

Tensile Stress, 10 psi

Tensile Stress, MPa

100

14
40C (40F)

12

80

10
60

40

40
0C (32F)

20

20

23C (73F)

149C (300F)

2
149C (300F)

Strain, %

Strain, %

Figure 20. Tensile Strength of Minlon vs. Humidity at 40C (40F)

22

150
Minlon 20B
Minlon 22C

20

Minlon 12T
3

Tensile Strength, 10 psi

Tensile Strength, MPa

125

18

16
Minlon 10B40
100
Minlon 11C40

10

20

30

40

50

60

Relative Humidity, %

35

Tensile Stress, 10 psi

16

16

70

14

80

90

100

12

Figure 21. Tensile Strength of Minlon vs. Humidity at 23C (73F)

18

Minlon 20B
14

Minlon 22C

Tensile Strength, 10 psi

Tensile Strength, MPa

100

10

50
Minlon 10B40

Minlon 11C40
Minlon 12T
2
0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Relative Humidity, %

Figure 22. Tensile Strength of Minlon vs. Humidity at 93C (200F)

10
Minlon 20B
Minlon 22C
8

Minlon 10B40

Minlon 11C40
25

Minlon 12T

10

20

30

40

50

60

Relative Humidity, %

36

Tensile Strength, 10 psi

Tensile Strength, MPa

50

70

80

90

100

Figure 23. Tensile Strength of Minlon vs. Humidity at 149C (300F)

10

Minlon 20B

Tensile Strength, 10 psi

Tensile Strength, MPa

50
6
Minlon 22C
Minlon 10B40
4
25
Minlon 11C40
Minlon 12T

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Relative Humidity, %

Figure 24. Tensile Strength of Minlon vs. Temperature, DAM

22
20
125

18
Minlon 20B

14
12
75
10

Minlon 22C
Minlon 10B40
Minlon 11C40
Minlon 12T

50

8
6
4

25

40
(40)

18
(0)

10
(50)

23
(73)

38
(100)

66
(150)

Temperature, C (F)

37

93
(200)

121
(250)

149
(300)

16

100

Tensile Strength, 10 psi

Tensile Strength, MPa

Figure 25. Stress vs. Strain at Three Temperatures,

Zytel 70G13L

Figure 28. Stress vs. Strain at Three Temperatures,

Zytel 71G13L

120

120

14,000

10,000

93C (200F) DAM

60

8,000
40

6,000

0
0

23C (73F)
50% RH

10,000

60

8,000
93C (200F)
DAM

40

6,000

149C (300F)
DAM

4,000

149C (300F)
DAM

20

12,000

80

Stress, psi

12,000

23C (73F) 50% RH

14,000

23C (73F) DAM

Stress, MPa

80

20

2,000

2,000
12

16

0
0

20

Strain, %

12

16

20

Strain, %

Figure 26. Stress vs. Strain at Four Temperatures,

Zytel 70G33L

Figure 29. Stress vs. Strain at Three Temperatures,

Zytel 71G33L
180

240
32,000

40C (40F) DAM

200

35,000

160
23C (73F) DAM

28,000

140

24,000

120

20,000

23C (73F) 50% RH

120

93C (200F)
DAM

20,000
16,000

Stress, psi

160

Stress, MPa

23C (73F) DAM

Stress, MPa

4,000

12,000

80
149C (300F)
DAM

40

100

93C (200F)
DAM

80

149C (300F)
DAM

60
40

8,000

15,000
10,000
5,000

20

4,000

0
0

23C (73F) 50% RH

Stress, psi

Stress, MPa

100

Stress, psi

23C (73F) DAM

100

16,000

16,000

10

Strain, %

10

Strain, %

Figure 30. Stress vs. Strain at Two Temperatures,

Zytel 77G33L

Figure 27. Stress vs. Strain at Three Temperatures,

Zytel 70G43L

180

24,000

160

20,000

120

23C (73F) 50% RH

80

93C (200F)
DAM

40

Stress, psi

Stress, MPa

28,000

Stress, MPa

32,000

23C (73F)
DAM

200

23C (73F) 50% RH

120

149C (300F)
DAM

80
60
40

12,000

20

8,000

38

10,000
5,000

8
Strain, %

Strain, %

20,000
15,000

100

16,000

4,000
0

23C (73F) DAM

140

36,000

40C (40F)
DAM

240

25,000

160

40,000

12

16

Stress, psi

280

Figure 34. Tensile Strength vs. Temperature and

Moisture Content, Zytel 70G33L

Figure 31. Stress vs. Strain at Two Temperatures

and Humidities, Zytel 77G43L

23C (73F) DAM

220

30,000

140
120

20,000
15,000

149C (300F)
DAM

100
80
60
40
20

10,000
5,000
4

8
Strain, %

12

50% RH

140

20,000

120
16,000

100

12,000

80
100% RH

60

16

8,000

200

40,000

220

36,000

200

32,000

180

28,000
24,000

150

20,000

Zytel
77G33L

16,000
12,000

Tensile Strength, MPa

Zytel
70G33L

8,000

50

50
100
Temperature, C

50

Temperature, F
50 100 150 200 250

28,000
24,000

140

20,000

120
16,000

50% RH

100

12,000

80
100% RH

60

8,000

40
4,000

20
0

40
80
120
Temperature, C

160

0
50

Figure 33. Tensile Strength vs. Humidity,

Zytel 70G33L, 70G43L, 77G33L

50
100
Temperature, C

32,000

240

35,000

23C (73F)

DAM

28,000
43L

160

24,000

140

Zytel 77

20,000

G33L

79C (175F)

Zyt

el
70
Zytel 77G3 G33L
3L

100
80

Zyte

l 70

60

G43L

16,000
Zytel

12,000

70G33

30,000

200
Tensile Strength, MPa

70G

Tensile Strength, psi

el

150

Figure 36. Tensile Strength vs. Glass Content

23C (73F), Zytel 70G

240
220

25,000

50% RH

160

20,000
120
15,000

100% RH

80

10,000
40

5,000

8,000

40

0
4,000

20

10

20

30

40

Glass Content, %
0

20

40
60
Relative Humidity, %

80

100

39

50

60

Tensile Strength, psi

0
40

120

32,000

DAM

160

4,000

Zyt

150

Figure 35. Tensile Strength vs. Temperature and

Moisture Content, Zytel 71G33L

Tensile Strength, psi

Zytel 70G43L

100

40 80 120 160 200 240 280 320

40 0

250

4,000

20
0
50

Tensile Strength, MPa

24,000

160

Tensile Strength, psi

300

180

28,000

40

Temperature, F

200

32,000

DAM

180

Figure 32. Tensile Strength vs. Temperature,

Zytel 70G33L, 70G43L, 77G33L
(DAM)

Tensile Strength, MPa

Temperature, F
50 100 150 200 250

Tensile Strength, psi

25,000

23C (73F) 50% RH

Tensile Strength, MPa

180
160

50

200

Stress, psi

Stress, MPa

240
220
200

Tensile Strength

Figure 37. Stress-Strain Curves in Tension and

Compression of Zytel 101, 23C (73F)

The tensile strength is the highest point on the

stress-strain curve. Tensile strength is given in
the properties tables and can be used as a guide
in rating the relative strengths of resins.

120
15,000

100

DAM
(0.2% Moisture Content)

80

10,000

50% Relative Humidity

(2.5% Moisture Content)

60

Stress, MPa

40

5,000

20
Tension

Compression

20
5,000

40
60

Fiber orientation influences tensile strength depending on the direction of fiber alignment. Maximum
values for tensile strength and stiffness occur along
the axis of fiber orientation, normally the direction
of melt flow.

Stress, psi

The tensile strength values, as taken from the stressstrain curves, decrease with increasing temperatures
and higher moisture contents. Reinforcement with
glass fibers (GRZ) or mineral (Minlon) increases
the tensile values. Because of glass content, GRZ
resins are less affected by moisture than the
unreinforced Zytel nylon resins.

10,000

80
100

15,000

120

10

10

Strain, %

Yield Strength

Figure 38. Stress-Strain Curves in Tension and

Compression of Zytel ST801 at 23C
(73F) DAM

The yield strength, also taken from the stress-strain

curve, is the point at which the material continues
to elongate (strain) with no increase in stress. When
fracture occurs before yielding, the maximum stress
value is recorded as tensile strength and there is
no yield value.

100
80
10,000
60
40
Stress, MPa

5,000

20

Stress, psi

To a designer in plastics, the yield strength is more

meaningful than the tensile strength. In some part
design, the design stress may be one-half the yield
stress.* Design stress should, of course, be carefully chosen based on end-use conditions and
appropriate safety factor.

Tension
0

0
Compression
20

5,000

40
60

Tension and Compression

10,000

80
100

In some design work, it is important to know the

stress-strain relationship in tension and compression. In general, plastics are stronger in compression. At high stress levels, the strain in compression
is less than in tension. At low stress levels, the
tensile and compressive stress-strain curves are
similar. Thus, at low strain, the compressive
modulus and stress is equal to that in tension.
For relatively large strains, the compressive
modulus and stress are higher than in tension.

25

20

15

10

10

15

20

25

Strain, %

Figure 39. Stress vs. Strain, Zytel 70G33L (DAM)

200
23C (73F)

150

Tension
Cross-Head Speed
5.08 mm/min (0.2 in/min)

16,000

0
150C
(302F)

50

150

8,000

Compression
Cross-Head Speed
5.08 mm/min
(0.2 in/min)
23C
(73F)

200
12

16,000
24,000
4

Strain, %

40

8,000

50

100

* Engineering Design2nd EditionFaupel-Fisher, page 362, John

Whiley & Sons

150C
(302F)

12

16

Stress, psi

Stress, MPa

100

Stress-strain curves in compression are compared

with stress-strain curves in tension as shown in
Figures 3740.

24,000

Minlon 20B
Minlon 11C40
Minlon 12T
Minlon 10B40

Stress, MPa

50
Tension

25

6
3
0

0
25

3
6

Compression

50
75

12

Minlon 11C40

Minlon 10B40

Minlon 12T

100

Minlon 20B

13,500
12,500
12,000

Shear Strength, psi

75

15

Stress, Mpsi

100

Figure 41. Resin Guide Shear Strength

Zy Zy M M Zy Zy M M Zy Zy
te te inl inl te te inl inl te te
l l on on l
l o on l
l
ST 158 2 1 10 70 n 2 1 70 70G
0B 0B 1 G1 2C 1C G3 4
80
3
,1 3 3
1
2T

Figure 40. Stress-Strain in Tension and

Compression for Minlon, DAM

9
12
15

11,000
9,600
8,450

3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Strain, %

Shear Strength

23C (73F)

Shear strength is the resistance measured in MPa

or psi of two planes moving relative to one another
in the direction of load. Examples where shear
strength values are important are in designing
beams at the reaction points or at bolted joint
connections.

Figure 42. Shear Strength vs. Temperature,

Zytel 70G33L, 70G43L, 77G33L
(DAM)

Resin Guide

Temperature, F
40

As shown by the following resin guide, Figure 41,

the use of reinforcing agents enhances shear strength
in the family of nylon engineering resins. The highest shear values are found in the Glass Reinforced
Zytel nylon resins containing the higher glass
contents. Minlon resins as shown have generally
lower shear values than the higher glass content
GRZ materials.

40

80

120 160 200 240 280

140
20,000
18,000

120

16,000

The effects of temperature and humidity on the

shear strength of several Glass Reinforced Zytel
nylon resins are shown in Figures 42 and 43. Shear
strength decreases with increasing temperature and
moisture content.

14,000

Zytel 70G43L

12,000

80
Zytel 77G33L

Zytel 70G33L

10,000

60
8,000
6,000

40

4,000
20
2,000
0
40 20

20

40

60

80 100 120 140

Temperature, C

41

Shear Strength, psi

Shear Strength, MPa

100

Poissons Ratio

Figure 43. Shear Strength vs. Humidity,

Zytel 70G33L, 70G43L, 77G33L

Poissons Ratio is a measure of the deformation

characteristics of materials. The ratio measures
the relative ability of a material to deform at right
angles to the direction of loading.

16,000
100

14,000
12,000

80 23C (73F)
79C (175F)

60

Zytel 77G33L

Zyte

l 7

10,000

0G3

3L

Zytel 70G43L

8,000

Zytel 77G33L

6,000

40

Poissons Ratio is defined as the ratio of transverse

strain to the longitudinal strain of a material. For
plastics, it is not a constant and can be affected by
time, temperature, stress, sample size, etc.

Zytel 70G33L

Shear Strength, psi

Shear Strength, MPa

Zytel 70G43L

Average DAM values for 3.2 mm (1/8) samples

subjected to a longitudinal strain of 0.2% to 1.0%
are shown below:
Zytel 101 = 0.41
151L = 0.42
408L = 0.42
ST801 = 0.41
70G33L = 0.39
70G43L = 0.39
71G33L = 0.41
77G33L = 0.40
77G43L = 0.42

4,000
20
2,000
0
0

20

40
60
80
Relative Humidity, %

100

42

Section 3

Stiffness
and Creep
Contents
Flexural Modulus
Creep and Recovery

43

Stiffness and Creep

Flexural Modulus

Figure 44. Flexural Modulus at 23C (73F),

Comparison Charts

Zy
t

el
70

43

Flexural modulus is a measure of stiffness in

flexure. It is expressed as the ratio of stress to strain
in flexure below the yield point. In addition to the
flexural modulus, modulus can be determined in
tension or compression. The flexural modulus
decreases with increasing temperature and/or
moisture content.

1,600

11,000

in

5,000

3,000
2,000

Zy

te

l
81

1,000

1,100
1,000
900
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0

DAM

50%RH

Figure 45. Flexural Modulus of Zytel 101 vs. Temperature at Various Moisture Contents

50

50

Temperature, F
150
200
250

100

300

350

400

450

4,000
3,500

500,000

2,500
2,000
1,500
1,000

400,000

300,000

200,000

100,000
500
0
60

40

20

20

40

60

80

100

Temperature, C

44

120

140

160

180

200

220

240

Flexural Modulus, psi

t)
ten
on
eC
tur
ois
M
DA % M
y
(0.2
dit nt)
mi
Hu Conte
ve
lati re
Re oistu
50% % M
(2.5
y
idit )
Humntent
o
tive
ela re C
% R istu
100 % Mo
(8.5

Flexural Modulus, MPa

3,000

Flexural Modulus at 73F 10 , psi

43
G
el
70
Zy
t

M
Z
in yte in
lo l lo
n 7 n
12 0G 11
T 13 C
4
M

6,000

4,000

The flexural moduli of compositions of GRZ and

Minlon engineering thermoplastics are shown
for various humidities and temperatures in
Figures 4953.

1,200

7,000

1,400
1,300

Figures 4548 show the effects of relative

humidity and temperature on modulus of various
unreinforced resins.

8,000

Zy Zy Zy Zy Zy
Zy Zy Zy Zy
te te te te tel tel tel tel tel
l l l l
S 40 30 10 FR
35 81 30 35
10
1P
1P 1H 1P 0P T80 8L 1H 1
1
S
H
H S HS HS
S
S

Flexural Modulus at 23C, MPa

The flexural modulus comparison chart, Figure 44,

provides flexural modulus values for many of the
members of the nylon family both DAM and after
equilibration at 50% RH. The GRZ resins, particularly with high levels of glass reinforcement, have
extremely high moduli and can be considered stiff
(flexural modulus greater than 5,500 MPa [800,000
psi]), even at 50% RH.

Zy Zy
M M Zy
i
i
te te
lo nlo nlo tel
l l
n n n F
70 FR
22 10 20 R7
G 50
33
C B4 B 0M
0
30
V
0

9,000

Zy
Zy Zy Zy Zy Zy Zy Zy M M
te
te te te te te te te inl inl
l
l l l l l l l on on
70
35 30 FR ST 40 30 10
G
1P 1P 10 8 8L 1H 1 12 11
13
01
T C4
H H
S
S S
0

Resin Guide

1,500

Zy
Zy
M M M Zy
in in in te
te
te
lo lo lo l
l
l
n n n F
FR
70
R
22 22 10 7
G
50
33
0
B C B4 M
0 30
V
0

10,000

Figure 46. Flexural Modulus for Zytel ST801 vs.

Temperature at Two Moisture Contents

4,000

Temperature, F
50
100
150

200

100

10,000

500
1,400,000

400,000
2,500
DAM
(0.2% Moisture Content)

2,000

300,000

1,500

200,000

50% Relative Humidity

(2.3% Moisture Content)

8,000
Flexural Modulus, MPa

3,000

1,000

Temperature, F
300
400

500,000
Flexural Modulus, psi

Flexural Modulus, MPa

3,500

200

100,000

500
0
60 40

20

20

40

60

80

100

1,200,000

Zytel 71G33L, DAM

1,000,000

Zytel 70G33L, DAM

6,000
800,000
600,000

4,000

Zytel 77G33L, DAM

400,000
2,000

Zytel 70G33L, 100% RH

Zytel 71G33L, 100% RH

200,000

120

Temperature, C

50

100
150
200
Temperature, C

250

300

Figure 47. Flexural Modulus of Zytel 158L vs. Temperature at Two Moisture Contents
Temperature, F
0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400
500,000

Flexural Modulus, MPa

3,500
3,000

400,000
2,500

D
(0 AM
50
.2
(1. % R
%
3% ela
M
o
Mo tive
ist Hu istu
ur m re
e C id
C
on ity on
te
ten
nt
t)
)

2,000
1,500
1,000

300,000
200,000
100,000

500
0
60

40

20

20

40

60

Flexural Modulus, psi

4,000

50

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

220

Temperature, C

Figure 48. Flexural Modulus of Zytel 408 vs. Temperature at Two Moisture Contents
Temperature, F
0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400
500,000

3,000
400,000
2,500
D
(0 AM
.2%
50
M
(2. % R
oi
0% el
stu
Mo ativ
re
Co
ist e H
ur um
nt
e C id
en
t)
on ity
ten
t)

2,000
1,500
1,000
500
0
60

40

20

20

40

60

300,000
200,000
100,000

80

100

Temperature, C

45

120

140

160

180

200

220

Flexural Modulus, psi

Flexural Modulus, MPa

3,500

50

Flexural Modulus, psi

50

Figure 49. Flexural Modulus for Zytel 77G33L,

70G33L, 71G33L vs. Temperature at
Two Moisture Contents

Flexural Modulus, MPa

10,000
1,400,000
Zy

tel
70
Zyt
G3
el
77G 3L
3
Zyte
3L
l 71
G33
L

6,000

1,200,000
1,000,000
800,000

Zy

tel
70
tel G13
L
71
G1
3L

Zy

4,000

600,000
400,000

2,000

Flexural Modulus, psi

Flexural Modulus, MPa

8,000

7,000

1,000

Minlon 20B
Minlon 10B40

6,000

800

5,000

600

4,000
3,000

400

2,000

Minlon 22C
Minlon 11C40
Minlon 12T

1,000
0

10

20

30 40 50 60 70
Relative Humidity, %

200

Flexural Modulus, psi

Figure 52. Flexural Modulus of Minlon vs. Humidity

at 23C (73F)

Figure 50. Flexural Modulus vs. Humidity at 23C

(73F), Zytel 70G33L, 77G33L,
71G33L, 70G13L, 71G13L

80 90 100

200,000

Figure 53. Flexural Modulus of Minlon vs.

Temperature, DAM

20
40
60
80
Relative Humidity, %

100

Flexural Modulus, MPa

25

Figure 51. Flexural Modulus vs. Glass Content

at 23C (73F), Zytel 70GL
14,000

2,000,000
1,800,000

12,000

1,400,000
50% RH
DAM

8,000

1,200,000
1,000,000

6,000

100% RH

800,000

Flexural Modulus, psi

Flexural Modulus, MPa

10,000

400,000

5,000
4,000

0
20
30
40
Glass Content, %

50

Minlon 20B
Minlon 10B40
Minlon 22C
Minlon 11C40

3,000

800
600
400

2,000
1,000

200
Minlon 12T

100 125 150 175 200 225 250 275 300

Temperature, F

The creep rate of Zytel resins will vary markedly

with composition, ambient temperature, stress
level and moisture content (Figures 5478). Consequently, design must be based on a consideration
of estimated creep behavior of the particular resin
under the environmental conditions expected.
Creep data is presented as the sum of the initial
strain plus the incremental strain with time. In
the past, this has been termed the sum of elastic
deformation and plastic flow. No effort is made to
separate the effects of initial strain and creep strain.

200,000

10

1,000

6,000

Like other plastics, the Zytel nylon resins under

load exhibit a phenomenon usually called creep.
Upon loading, a plastic part shows an initial
deformation or strain roughly predicted by the
modulus of elasticity. This is followed by a slow
but steady increase in strain with time. This increase in strain with time under constant stress
is referred to as creep.

2,000

125

Creep and Recovery

600,000

4,000

Temperature, C
75
100

7,000

73
1,600,000

50

Flexural Modulus, psi

60

46

Creep characteristics can be used to advantage

when Zytel is used for retention or sealing purposes, such as self-threading screws, locking nuts
and gaskets. The flow under stress of the material
into the interstices to the metal surface can provide
tenacious holding power and tight seals with proper
design.

Creep data may be graphed in a variety of ways.

A useful form frequently preferred by designers
is isochronous (equal time) stress vs. strain where
stress and corresponding strain are plotted for a
selected number of time intervals. The data is
presented in this form.*
In the case of plastic pipe under constant internal
pressure, creep can lead to eventual failure.

Apparent Modulus

GRZ resins exhibit excellent creep resistance under

heavy loads, even at elevated temperature over
extended periods of time. GRZ accordingly is the
choice for structure components that must retain
integrity under constant and high stress. Minlon
is not as resistant to creep as GRZ, but is superior
to the unreinforced nylons.

Another way to define creep is in terms of apparent

modulus. Creep data can be plotted to show the
apparent modulus of elasticity at any given time
under a specified stress, as shown in Figures 79
and 80. Deflection at any given time can be calculated directly from the modulus value taken from
the appropriate stress level curve.

* Except for Zytel 101 at 60C (140F) and for the Minlon resins,
where this data is presented as strain vs. time for selected stress levels

Table 9
Creep Curves
Figure

Material

60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79

Zytel 101
Zytel 101
Zytel 103HSL
Zytel 158L
Zytel 158L
Zytel 153HSL
Zytel 408L
Zytel 408HS
Zytel 70G13L
Zytel 70G13L
Zytel 70G33L
Zytel 70G33L
Zytel 70G33HS1L
Zytel 70G33HS1L
Zytel 70G43L
Zytel 70G43L
Zytel 70G43L
Zytel 77G43
Zytel 77G43
Zytel 70G33L and
Zytel 71G33L
Zytel 101
Zytel 42A
Zytel 101
Minlon 10B40
Minlon 20B
Minlon 20B
Minlon 11C40
Minlon 12T

86
85
87
80
81
82
83
84

Temperature
C
F
23
60
125
23
60
125
23
125
23
125
23
60
125
149
23
60
125
23
125

23
60
23
23
125
23
125

73
140
257
73
140
257
73
257
73
257
73
140
257
300
73
140
257
73
257

Relative
Humidity, %

Creep
Presentation

50
50
Dry
50
50
Dry
50
Dry
50
Dry
50
50
Dry
Dry
50
50
Dry
50
Dry

Isochronous
Strain
Isochronous
Isochronous
Isochronous
Isochronous
Isochronous
Isochronous
Isochronous
Isochronous
Isochronous
Isochronous
Isochronous
Isochronous
Isochronous
Isochronous
Isochronous
Isochronous
Isochronous

Creep vs. temperature at 10,000 hr

73
50
Apparent Modulus
Hoop stress vs. time to failurepipe
140
50
Apparent Modulus
73
50
Strain
73
50
Strain
257
DAM
Strain
73
50
Strain
257
DAM
Strain

47

Recovery

Relaxation

When stress is removed, crystalline materials like

Zytel will exhibit substantial recovery, even after
significant creep has taken place, as shown in
Figures 8184. In the short-term tests, specimens
were cycled three times to show the effect of
cyclic loading.

Stress relaxation takes place when a material is

subjected to constant deformation. The performance of Zytel 101 in flexure is shown in
Figure 85.

Figure 54. Isochronous Stress vs. Strain in Flexure of Zytel 101, 23C (73F), 50% RH
20

2,500
15
ur

urs

Ho

2,000

Ho

10

1,500

10

Strain, psi

ur
Ho

00

5,0

0.1

Strain, MPa

ur

o
0H

1,000
5
500

0
0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0
Strain, %

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

Figure 55. Creep in Flexure of Zytel 101, 60C (140F), 50% RH

5

Strain, %

13.8 MPa (2,000 psi)

2
6.9 MPa (1,000 psi)
1

0
0.001

0.01

0.1

10
Time, hr

48

100

1,000

10,000

Figure 56. Isochronous Stress vs. Strain in Flexure of Zytel 103HSL, 125C (257F), DAM
12

Stress, MPa

8
r

ou

1H

100

rs

Hou

2,000

Hours

1,000

ur

0.

Ho

Stress, psi

1,500

10

500
2
0
0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0
Strain, %

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

Figure 57. Isochronous Stress vs. Strain in Flexure of Zytel 158L, 23C (73F), 50% RH
18
2,500
16
14

Ho

2,000

rs

ou

H
00

5,0

1,500

10
8

1,000
6
4
500
2
0
0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0
Strain, %

49

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

Stress, psi

Stress, MPa

0.1

12

1H

Ho

ur

ou

ur

00

Figure 58. Isochronous Stress vs. Strain in Flexure of Zytel 158L, 60C (140F), 50% RH
18
2,500
16

ur

0.1

Stress, MPa

12

ur

Ho

2,000

rs

ou

o
1H

H
100

1,500

10

Stress, psi

14

1,000
6

4
500
2
0
0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0
Strain, %

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

Figure 59. Isochronous Stress vs. Strain in Flexure of Zytel 153HSL, 125C (275F), DAM
14

2,000

12

Stress, MPa

8
ur

0.1

Ho

ur

1 Ho

our

10 H

1,000

4
500
2

0
0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0
Strain, %

50

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

Stress, psi

1,500

10

Figure 60. Isochronous Stress vs. Strain in Flexure of Zytel 408L, 23C (73F), 50% RH
18
2,500
16

Ho
ur

14
urs

o
0H

10

Hour

2,000

1,500

10

Stress, psi

Stress, MPa

0.1

Ho

ur

12

5,000

1,000
6

4
500
2

0
0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0
2.5
Strain, %

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

Figure 61. Isochronous Stress vs. Strain in Flexure of Zytel 408HS, 125C (257F), DAM
14

2,000

12

Stress, MPa

8
ur

1 Ho

ours

100 H

ur

0.1

1,000

Ho

4
500
2

0
0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0
Strain, %

51

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

Stress, psi

1,500

10

Figure 65. Isochronous Stress vs. Strain

Zytel 70G33L at 60C (140F), 50% RH

Figure 62. Isochronous Stress vs. Strain

Zytel 70G13, 23C (73F), 50% RH

40

40
5,000
rs
s
ur
Ho Hou
Ho
0
0
0
0
1
5,0

30
4,000

3,000

20

2,000

ur

.1

Ho

00

r
ou
1H s
r
ou
0H
10
s
ur
Ho

4,000

3,000

5,0

20

2,000

10

10
1,000

Stress, psi

Stress, MPa

Stress, MPa

30

Stress, psi

0.1

Ho
u

5,000

ur

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

1,000

2.5

Strain, %

0.1

0.2 0.3 0.4

0.5 0.6

0.7

0.8

Strain, %

Figure 63. Isochronous Stress vs. Strain Zytel

70G13L at 125C (257F), DAM

Figure 66. Isochronous Stress vs. Strain Zytel

70G33L at 125C (257F), DAM

25

0.1

2,000

10

r
rs
ou ou
1 H 00 H
1
urs
Ho
00
0
5,

ur

0.1

Ho

Stress, MPa

15

Stress, psi

Stress, MPa

20

ur

ur

Ho

o
0H

5,0

3,000

15
2,000
10

1,000

1,000
5

0
10

Stress, psi

Ho
u
1H r
ou
r

25

3,000

20

0.1

0.2

0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

Strain, %

Strain, %

Figure 64. Isochronous Stress vs. Strain

Zytel 70G33L at 23C (73F), 50% RH

Figure 67. Isochronous Stress vs. Strain Zytel

70G33HS1L at 149C (300F), DAM

3,000

1H

5,000

4,000
3,000

20

2,000

2,000
10

10

1,000

1,000
0

0.1 0.2

0.3 0.4

0.5 0.6

0.7

0.4

0.8

1.2

Strain, %

0.8

Strain, %

52

1.6

2.0

Stress, psi

20

30

4,000
Stress, MPa

10

0
,00

rs

u
Ho

Stress, psi

Ho
0.1

Stress, MPa

r
ou

ou
r

r
1H
ou

ur

30

1,0

40

5,000

10
Ho
00 10 urs
Ho 0 H
10
ur ou
s rs
(E ,00
sti 0
m Ho
at ur
ed s
)

40

Figure 68. Isochronous Stress vs. Strain

Zytel 70G43L at 23C (73F), 50% RH

Figure 71. Isochronous Stress vs. Strain in Flexure,

Zytel 77G43L at 23C (73F), 50% RH

40

40

3,000

20

Ho
ur

4,000

0.1

Stress, MPa

4,000

Stress, psi

ur

1H
ou
5,0
rs
00
Ho
ur
s

Ho

ou

0.1

0H
10

25

Stress, MPa

30

3,000

20

Stress, psi

5,000

30

5,000

1H
o
10 ur
0H
2,0 ou
00 rs
Ho
ur
s

35

2,000
10

15

2,000

1,000

10

1,000
5

0.1

0.2 0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

Figure 72. Isochronous Stress vs. Strain in Flexure

Zytel 77G43L at 125C (257F), DAM
40

Figure 69. Isochronous Stress vs. Strain

Zytel 70G43L at 60C (140F), 50% RH
35
ur

u
Ho s
0 our
0
1
H
0
00
5,

15

5,000

30

Ho

4,000
Stress, MPa

Ho
1
0.

20

5,000

4,000

3,000

2,000

Stress, psi

1
rs

ur

30

Stress, MPa

0.2

Strain, %

Strain, %

25

0.1

20

0.

ou

0H

1H

r
ou

s
ur

10

3,000

rs

00

u
Ho

1,0

Stress, psi

2,000

10
1,000

10
1,000
5
0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

Strain, %
0

0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8

Strain, %

Figure 73. Creep vs. Temperature at 10,000 Hours,

Glass-Reinforced Zytel

Figure 70. Isochronous Stress vs. Strain Zytel

70G43L at 125C (257F), DAM
30

Temperature, F
100
200

Zytel 70G33L
Zytel 71G33L

4,000
r

25

1H

ou

si)

6,
a(

r
Ho
u

Strain, %

2,000

10

Stress, psi

Ho

ur
s

ur
Ho
0

10
5,

00

15

0p

00

3,000

0.1

20

Stress, MPa

300

.4

41

MP

00

41.

a
MP

(6,0

00 psi)

Pa (3,0

20.7 M

psi

a (3,000

20.7 MP

psi)

1,000
5
0

50

100

Temperature, C

0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8

Strain, %

53

150

Figure 74. Creep in Flexure of Minlon 10B40 at 6.9 MPa (1,000 psi), 23C (73F), 50% RH
0.50
0.45
0.40

Strain, %

0.35
0.30
0.25
0.20
0.15
0.10
0.05
1

10

100

1,000

10,000

Time, hr

Figure 75. Creep in Flexure of Minlon 20B at 6.9 MPa (1,000 psi), 23C (73F), 50% RH
0.50
0.45
0.40

Strain, %

0.35
0.30
0.25
0.20
0.15
0.10
0.05
1

10

100
Time, hr

54

1,000

10,000

Figure 76. Creep in Flexure of Minlon 20B at 6.9 MPa (1,000 psi), 124C (257F), DAM

0.6

Strain, %

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2
1

10

100

1,000

10,000

1,000

10,000

Time, hr

Figure 77. Creep in Flexure of Minlon 11C40 at 23C (73F), 50% RH

2.2
2.0
1.8
1.6

13.7 MPa (2,000 psi)

Strain, %

1.4
1.2
1.0
0.8
6.9 MPa (1,000 psi)
0.6
0.4

3.5 MPa (500 psi)

0.2
1

10

100
Time, hr

55

Figure 78. Creep in Flexure of Minlon 12T at 6.9 MPa (1,000 psi), 125C (257F), DAM
1.6

1.4

Strain, %

1.2

1.0

0.8

0.6
1

10

100

1,000

10,000

Time, hr

Figure 79. Creep in Flexure of Zytel 101 at 23C (73F), 50% RH

1,800
250,000
1,600

200,000
6.9 MPa (1,000 psi)

1,200

150,000

1,000
800
13.8 MPa (2,000 psi)

100,000

600
400
50,000
200
0
0.001

0.01

0.1

10
Time, hr

56

100

1,000

10,000

Creep (Apparent) Modulus, psi

Creep (Apparent) Modulus, MPa

3.5 MPa (500 psi)

1,400

Figure 80. Creep in Flexure of Zytel 101 at 60C (140F), 50% RH

150,000
1,000
800
100,000

6.9 MPa (1,000 psi)

600
13.8 MPa (2,000 psi)

400

50,000

200
0
0.001

0.01

0.1

10

100

1,000

10,000

Time, hr

Figure 82. Cyclic Loading and Recovery of

Zytel 101, Short Term, 13.8 MPa
(2,000 psi), 23C (73F)
6
100

50
1

50

100

Avg. of 8 specimens tested

200

150

Time, hr

4
150

3
100
2

50
1

0
0

50

100
Time, hr

57

150

Deflection mil at end of

(3.75 1/2 1/8) Cantilever

Avg. of 8 specimens tested

Deflection mm at end of
(95.3 12.7 3.2 mm) Cantilever

Deflection mil at end of

(3.75 1/2 1/8) Cantilever

Deflection mm at end of
(95.3 12.7 3.2 mm) Cantilever

Figure 81. Cyclic Loading and Recovery of

Zytel 101, Short Term, 6.9 MPa
(1,000 psi), 23C (73F)

Creep (Apparent) Modulus, psi

Creep (Apparent) Modulus, MPa

1,200

Avg. of 8 specimens tested

7.5

300

5.0

200

2.5

100

200

400

600 800 1,000 1,200 1,400

Time, hr

% of Initial Stress Retained

10.0

Figure 85. Stress Relaxation in Deflected Cantilever

Beams of Zytel 101 Nylon Resins, Outer
Fiber Strain 2% Initial Stress (0.1 hr after
Loading), 13.8 MPa (2,000 psi)
Deflection mil at end of
(3.75 1/2 1/8) Cantilever

Deflection mm at end of
(95.3 12.7 3.2 mm) Cantilever

Figure 83. Cyclic Loading and Recovery of

Zytel 101, Long Term, 10.3 MPa
(1,500 psi), 23C (73F)

25
Avg. of 8 specimens tested
20

800

15

600

10

400

200

100

200

300 400
Time, hr

500

600

Deflection mil at end of

(3.75 1/2 1/8) Cantilever

Deflection mm at end of
(95.3 12.7 3.2 mm) Cantilever

Figure 84. Cyclic Loading and Recovery of

Zytel 101, Long Term, 20.7 MPa
(3,000 psi), 23C (73F)

700

58

100
80
60
40
20
0
0.1

10

102
103
Time, hr

104

105

Section 4

Fatigue
Resistance
Contents
Fatigue Resistance

59

Fatigue Resistance
Fatigue Resistance

Figure 86. Flexural Fatigue Zytel 101, Sonntag

Machine

Plastics, as well as other engineering materials,

subjected to tension, compression, or both, at highspeed cyclic stresses fail at stress levels below their
tensile or compressive strengths. This condition is
known as fatigue failure, and the cyclic combination of tension and compression loading is the
most severe situation (Figures 8691).

50

7,000

6,000
40
DAM

5,000

The standard measure of fatigue resistance plastics

is expressed as the stress level at which a test specimen, tested at 1800 cycles/min, survives one million
cycles without breaking. Extrapolating this data provides information on the number of cycles that a
plastic part can withstand at any given stress level.

30
50% RH

4,000

3,000

20

Stress, psi

Stress, MPa

For all practical purposes, the useful life of a component such as a spring is equal to its fatigue resistance under conditions of short-term loading and
unloading such as those that occur in vibration.

2,000
10
1,000

Resin Guide

0
102

Elevated temperatures and the presence of oils,

greases, gasolines and detergents can affect the
fatigue resistance of some plastics. Zytel nylon
resins however exhibit good fatigue and vibration
resistance under these conditions, by showing only
moderate effects from elevated temperatures and
virtually no effect from prolonged exposure to
gasoline vapors.

103

104
105
106
Cycles to Failure

107

Figure 87. Sonntag Axial Fatigue for Zytel 101, Zytel

408 and Zytel 158L with Alternate Tension and Compression and 1800 Cycles
Per Minute, Equilibrated to Run in
50% RH and 23C (73F)
50

Glass reinforced GRZ resins provide excellent

fatigue resistance at high stress levels and in
situations where repeated load variations are
encountered. In applications such as gears where
rubbing occurs, unreinforced resins give much
longer wear. GRZ gears have been used in high
stress, limited duty applications.

DAM

6,000

4,000

Zytel 158L

3,000

20

Zytel 408L
50% RH

10

To rate the family of nylon resins in terms of

fatigue endurance at one million cycles can be
misleading. The GRZ resins show higher values
with test specimens stressed in the direction of fiber
orientation. In an actual part with more random
fiber distribution, the fatigue endurance could be
substantially lower. Moreover, in a part subject to
vibration, the high flexural modulus of the GRZ
resins would result in a much higher induced stress
than would be experienced by the same part made
of an unreinforced nylon. In other words, fatigue
life with constant strain will be much higher with
the unreinforced nylons. The use of Zytel tubing
instead of metal tubing for hydraulic lines to
vibrating machinery is one example.

5,000

Zytel 101

30

0 2
10

Stress, psi

Stress, MPa

40

2,000
1,000

103

104
105
106
Cycles to Failure

107

Figure 88. Effect of Temperature on Sonntag Axial

Fatigue of Zytel 101 with Alternate Tension and Compression, 1800 Cycles Per
Minute, 50% RH at 23C (73F). Tests at
66C (150F) and 100C (212F), <30% RH
50
6,000
5,000
30
23C (73F)

20

3,000

66C (150F)
100C (212F)

In general, it can be said that the nylon 66, reinforced and unreinforced, will exhibit better fatigue
endurance than the nylon 6 or 612. The Minlon
resins exhibit somewhat lower fatigue endurance
than the unreinforced nylon 66.

10
0
102

60

4,000

2,000
1,000

103

104
105
106
Cycles to Failure

107

Stress, psi

Stress, MPa

40

Figure 89. Flex Fatigue Cycles to Failure for

Minlon 20B and 10B40 vs. Stress,
DAM, 23C (73F)

Figure 90. Flex Fatigue Cycles to Failure for

Minlon 11C40 and 12T vs. Stress,
DAM, 23C (73F)
10

10

30

Minlon 10B40

20

0
102

103

104
Cycles to Failure

105

Minlon 11C40

30

4
Minlon 12T

10
0
102

106

40

20

10

50

103

104
Cycles to Failure

105

106

Figure 91. Fatigue Resistance, Tension-Compression 1800 Cycles/min, GRZ vs. Zytel 101
70

10,000
Zytel 70G33L

50% DAM

60
Zytel 71

0G33L 5

0% RH

6,000

40
Zytel 71G33L 50%

Zytel 101 DAM

RH

30
Zytel 101 50% RH

4,000

20
2,000
10

0
104

105

106
Cycles

61

107

Stress, psi

Stress, MPa

50

8,000

Zytel 7

G33L DA

Stress, 10 psi

Minlon 20B

40

Stress, 10 psi

Stress, MPa

50

Stress, MPa

60

60

Section 5

Impact
Resistance
Contents
Impact Resistance

62

Impact Resistance
Impact Resistance

Resin Guide

Impact resistance is the ability to withstand a rapidly applied load such as a sudden blow. Toughness
is a general term indicating ability to withstand
impact and/or deformation without failure. Unfortunately, no single test has been devised capable
of evaluating toughness under the myriad conditions in which plastic parts are used. Tests have
been developed to show impact resistance to single
blows, to repeated blows and to notched specimens.
These data are useful in predicting performance
in service involving impact.

In the tensile impact test, the unreinforced Zytel

resins excel. This is true in the DAM condition
and at 50% relative humidity. Minlon and GRZ
compositions are lower on the impact scales in
Figure 92 than are the unreinforced nylons.
The highest resistance to notch sensitivity as indicated by the Izod data is shown by the ST801 and
ST811 nylons. This is true in the DAM state and at
50% RH.
Several other materials, although lower in impact
than the ST resins, are remarkably resistant to
notched Izod. These include unreinforced Zytel
408, Zytel 80G33 and a number of other glass
reinforced Zytel resins as shown in Figure 93.

Toughness or impact tests do not necessarily

provide the same rankings of the nylon materials.
An example is found by comparing data on the
GRZ and the unreinforced nylons using the tensile
impact and the Izod tests. The unreinforced nylons
excel in the tensile impact test, but the GRZ materials are superior in the Izod tests. The Izod test is
essentially a measure of notch sensitivity. The glass
fibers in GRZ resins act to retard crack propagation
in the notched Izod test. This illustrates the importance of considering an impact test that relates to
service conditions.

Figure 92. Resin Guide Tensile Impact Long Bar,

23C (73F)

Zytel 42A

800 (15)

The more commonly quoted types of impact data

for plastics are obtained from the following tests:
The tensile impact test, ASTM D 1822, is intended to measure the toughness of a small
specimen without a notch when subjected to
a rapidly applied tensile stress.
The Izod Test was designed to measure the effect
of a sharp notch on toughness when the part is
impacted.
The Gardner Impact Test drops a shaped weight
(TUP) on the sample and indicates the energy
required to break the disc, plaque or sample.
The repeated impact test subjects test parts to
a series of impacts at an energy lower than required for fracture. Some plastics with high
initial impact strength fail rapidly when subjected to repeated lower energy impacts.
Brittleness temperature, ASTM D 746, is an indication of the ability of a material to continue to
function at low temperatures. Zytel nylon resins
have been used in military and transportation
industries where extremes of temperature are
encountered. Table 10 lists the brittleness
temperature of a few Zytel resins.

Zytel 408L

Zytel 101

700 (13)

Tensile Impact Resistance, ftlb/in2 (J/m)

600 (11)
Zytel ST801

500 (9)
Zytel 158

400 (7.5)

300 (6)
Zytel ST801

Zytel 42A,408L

Zytel 101

Minlon 12T

200 (4)

Minlon 12T

Minlon 11C

100 (2)

Minlon 11C40

Minlon 22C

Minlon 20B
Minlon 10B40

DAM

63

Minlon 20B
Minlon 22C

Minlon 10B

50% RH

Figure 93. Resin Guide for Izod Impact, 23C (73F)

Figure 94. Effect of Notch Radius on Izod Impact

Strength

23
1200
0.1
5000

21
20

Notched Izod Impact, J/m

18
17

900

Zytel ST801

16
800

15

600

ftlb/in

J/m

14
700

100

(DAM)

Zytel ST801

19

1000

100

Notched Izod Impact, ftlb/in

1100

Notch Radius, mil

1.0
10

Zytel ST811

22

Zytel ST801

10

500
Zytel 408L

Zytel 101L

50

13
12
0.0025

11

0.025
0.25
Notch Radius, mm

0.1

10
500

9
8

Figure 95. Effect of Thickness and Notch Radius

on Izod Impact Strength, Zytel ST801

400
7
Zytel 408L
80G33
Zytel 408L
80G33

5
200

Minlon 11C40
Minlon 20B
Zytel 101
70G13
Minlon 22C
Minlon 10B40

1
0

DAM

1500

0.125 0.250

77G43

70G43
Minlon 12T
77G43
77G13
70G33

3
100

70G43
Minlon 12T

70G33
77G33
Minlon 11C40
71G13
Zytel 101

Izod Impact, J/m

300

Minlon 20B
Minlon 22C
70G13
Minlon 10B40

50% RH

Thickness, in
0.500
Notched
Radius
0.25 mm (10 mil) Material

0.05 mm (2 mil) Zytel ST801

50% RH

1000

10

500

3.0

Humidity increases toughness of nylon resins. This

effect is illustrated in Figures 9699.
Gardner impact data on compositions of Minlon
engineering thermoplastic are shown in Figure 100.
Data are given at 23C (73F) and at 40C (40F)
using both DAM and 50% RH conditions.
Tables 11 and 12 illustrate the repeated impact
resistance of Zytel 101 and provide comparisons
with other materials.

64

20

0.25 mm (10 mil) Zytel ST801

DAM
0.05 mm (2 mil)

0.0

An important consideration in design is the effect

of the notch radius on impact strength and is illustrated in Figure 94. Figure 95 shows the effect of
thickness on notched Izod and again shows the very
small effect of a sharp (0.05 mm, 2 mil) radius
notch on Zytel ST resins.

30

6.0

12.0
Thickness, mm

Izod Impact, ftlb/in

Figure 96. Izod Impact Resistance vs. Temperature

and Humidity, Zytel 70G33L, 71G33L

Figure 97. Izod Impact Resistance vs. Relative

Humidity, 23C (73F), 305 mm (1/8)
Bar Notched, Zytel 77G43L,
71G33L, 77G33L, 70G33L

300

300
F)

70

(1

77

250
4

F)

200
F)

C
23

150

(73

40C (40
F)
40C (40
F)

100

Zytel 77G43L

Izod Impact, J/m

Izod Impact, J/m

(73

Izod Impact, ftlb/in

C
23

200

Zytel 71G33L

150
Zytel 70G33L

100

Zytel 77G33L

Izod Impact, ftlb/in

250

50
1

50

0
0 DAM

Zytel 70G33L
Zytel 71G33L

0
0 DAM

50
Relative Humidity, %

50
Relative Humidity, %

100

100

Figure 98. Izod Impact Strength of Minlon vs. Humidity at 40C (40F)

Impact Strength, J/m

Minlon 12T

150

Minlon 11C40
Minlon 20B
2

100

50

1
Minlon 22C
DAM

25

50
Relative Humidity, %

65

Minlon 10B40
75

100

Impact Strength, ftlb/in

200

Impact Strength of Minlon vs. Humidity at 23C (73F)

Figure 99.

5
250
Minlon 12T
4

Minlon 11C40

150

Minlon 20B

100

50
Minlon 10B40

Minlon 22C
DAM

50
Relative Humidity, %

40C (40F)

300
30

DAM

50% RH

100

200
20
150
100

23C (73F)
30

250
Impact Strength, inlb

250
Impact Strength, inlb

75

Gardner Impact Strength of Minlon at 40C (40 F) and 23C (73F), DAM and at 50% RH

Impact Strength, J

300

25

10

50

DAM

50% RH

200
20
150
100

10

50

Minlon

Minlon

Minlon

10B40

20B

11C40

Minlon Minlon

12T

Minlon

22C

10B40

66

Minlon Minlon

20B

11C40

Minlon Minlon

12T

22C

Impact Strength, J

Figure 100.

Impact Strength, ftlb/in

Impact Strength, J/m

200

Table 10
Brittleness Temperature of Zytel, ASTM D 746

Table 12
Repeated Impact Resistance on a
Cylindrical Specimen

Low Temperature Brittleness

C

Material

Material

DAM

50% RH

DAM

50% RH

Zytel 101

80

65

112

85

Zytel 109L

75

44

103

47

Zytel 42A

100

85

148

121

Zytel 408L

104

84

155

120

Zytel 151L

121

107

186

161

Zytel 158L

126

109

195

164

Material

mm

in

mm in

J/m

ftlb/in

Zytel 101

890

35

760 30

107

Cellulose
Acetate
Butyrate

990

39

180

320

250

Delrin

185

500 Acetal

37

Die-cast Zinc

Die-cast Aluminum

*Failure defined as fracture or 20% decrease in cross-sectional

area.

Distance of Fall
Repeated

Zytel 101 Nylon

Polycarbonate

Table 11
Repeated Impact Test on Zytel 101 and
Cellulose Acetate Butyrate

One Blow

Impacts to Failure*

Izod Impact

Roller 18 mm (0.7) O.D. 9 mm (0.35) I.D. hit on

outer surface by free falling 1.22 kg (2.7 lb) weight.
Height of fall required to cause a visible crack in one
blow or ten blows for repeated test. Run in room at
50% RH, but actual moisture content of nylon 0.35%.

67

Section 6

Electrical
Properties
Contents
Electrical Properties

68

Electrical Properties
Electrical Properties

Many compositions of Zytel have been rated by

Underwriters Laboratories (UL) in its Component
Recognition Program for polymeric materials. The
UL ratings of Zytel nylon resins are discussed in
Section 10.

Zytel nylon resins are widely used in electromechanical parts because of their excellent mechanical
properties, chemical resistance, heat resistance and
satisfactory electrical properties. This combination
of properties permits Zytel to be used to coil
forms, connectors, strain relief grommets, terminal
blocks and tough overcoatings on wire insulation.
Parts made of Zytel are generally used in electrical
applications up to 600 volts and 400 Hz. Power
losses increase with increasing temperature, frequency and moisture. Some electronic applications,
such as large microwave transmitters, experience
high electrical losses because of the high frequencies and high heats sometimes encountered.

Zytel 103HSL NC010 is a heat stabilized nylon 66

that is used in applications requiring resistance
to sustained high temperatures (rated by UL for
electrical use at 140C [284F]). Except for superior resistance to long-term high temperatures,
Zytel 103HSL has many properties including
mechanical and thermal properties similar to those
of Zytel 101. Table 13 indicates that many
electrical properties are also similar to those of
Zytel 101.

Moisture and temperature affect the volume resistivity, dielectric strength and dissipation factor of
Zytel. The effect of moisture can be minimized by
using Zytel 151L or 158L, which are nylon 612
grades with lower moisture absorption than nylon 66.

Short Time Dielectric Strength of Zytel

vs. Thickness Measured at 23C (73F),
25.4 mm (1) Diameter Electrodes with
1.6 mm (1/16) Radius

Figure 101.

Dissipation factor is a measure of the loss in the

material. This value is numerically equal to the
power factor for low loss materials. Power factor
refers to the losses in a complete system. Here,
dissipation factor is used exclusively.

50

120

Thickness, mil
100

150

Short-time dielectric strength, as measured by

ASTM D 149, changes with thickness, moisture
content and temperature. As the thickness and
moisture content increase, the dielectric strength
decreases (Figure 101). As the temperature
increases, the dielectric strength decreases
(Figure 102).

100

2,500

Zytel 101
50% RH Equilibrium

80

2,000

Zytel 151L
DAM to Saturated
(moisture caused no
measured change
during test)

60
40

1,500
1,000

20

Volume resistivity is affected by both temperature

and moisture content. When temperature increases,
volume resistivity decreases (Figure 103). Increasing moisture content causes decreased volume
resistivity (Figure 104). Note that Zytel 151L, a
nylon 612, reaches moisture saturation at a lower
level than Zytel 101, a nylon 66, and retains higher
volume resistivity. Volume resistivity measurements were made according to ASTM D 257.

500

0
0

Dielectric constant increases rapidly with increasing temperature or moisture content as shown in
Figures 105 and 106. Dielectric constant measurements were made in accordance with ASTM D 150.
Because maintaining constant moisture and temperature conditions over the test periods is difficult,
the curves represent only general values for these
conditions.

Dielectric Strength, kV/mm

20

Dissipation factor increases with increasing temperature and moisture. Measurements of change
were made using ASTM D 150 and are shown in
Figures 107 and 108.

68

Effect of Temperature on Dielectric

Strength of Zytel
Temperature, F
140
176
212

104

248

Measurements made using

3.2 mm (1/8) thick disks

284
500
400

15
Zytel 151L

10

300

Zytel 101

200
5
0
20

69

100

40

60
80
100
Temperature, C

120

140

Dielectric Strength, V/mil

Figure 102.

2
Thickness, mm

Dielectric Strength, V/mil

Dielectric Strength, kV/mm

Zytel 101
Saturated 8.5% Water

Figure 103.

Volume Resistivity vs. Temperature,

DAM at 25C (77F)

32

104

Temperature, F
176
248 320

Figure 105.

Dielectric Constant Measured at 100 Hz

vs. Temperature

392

Zytel 151L

1014
1013

Zytel 151L
50% RH*
Zytel 101

1012
1011

Dielectric Constant

Volume Resistivity, ohm-cm

100
1016
1015

Temperature, F
32 77 122 167 212 257 302 347 392

1010
109
108
107

Zytel 101
50% RH*

10

Zytel 151L
DAM

106
0

40

80
120 160
Temperature, C

200
1.0
0

1016
10

Figure 106.

Effect of Moisture on Dielectric Constant

Measured at 100 Hz, Using 3.3 mm
(0.129) Thick Plaques at 23C (73F)

Zytel 151L

14

50 75 100 125 150 175 200

Temperature, C

*Equilibrated to 50% RH prior to testing

Effect of Moisture Content on Volume

Resistivity at 23C (73F)

1012
Zytel 101

1010

108
106

60

3
4
5
6
7
Moisture Content, %

50

Dielectric Constant

Volume Resistivity, ohm-cm

Figure 104.

25

10

*Saturation at 100% RH

40
Zytel 101

30
20
Zytel 151L

10
0

2
3
4
5
6
7
Moisture Content, %

*Indicates moisture content when material is

equilibrated to 50% RH

70

Figure 107.

Dissipation Factor vs. Temperature

(100 Hz), Samples Conditioned to
50% RH at 23C (73F)

Figure 108.

Effect of Moisture on Dissipation Factor

at 100 Hz, Samples at 23C (73F)

0.6
Temperature, F
77

122

167

212

257

302

0.5

347

0.4
Tangent

32
30
20
10
8
6
4

Zytel 151L

Tangent

0.3

Zytel 151L

Zytel 101

0.2
Zytel 101

1
0.8
0.6
0.4

0.1

0
0

0.2
0.1
0.08
0.06
0.04

3
4
5
6
7
Moisture Content, %

*Indicates equilibration to moisture at 50% RH

Note: Curves show typical values measured.
Individual values may vary with conditions.

0.02
0.01
0

25

50

75

100

125

150

175

Temperature, C

Table 13
Electrical Properties of Zytel 103HSL NC010 (DAM*)
Property

Procedure

103HSL

Volume Resistivity, ohm-cm

ASTM D 257

1013

Dielectric Strength,
continuous 3.2 mm (1/8), kV/mm (V/mil)

ASTM D 150

18.1 (360)

Dielectric Constant
100 Hz
1,000 Hz

ASTM D 150

Dissipation Factor
100 Hz
1,000 Hz

ASTM D 150

3.6
3.5
0.01
0.01

High Current Arc Ignition, cycles

UL 746

300

Hot Wire Ignition, sec

UL 746

20

Comparative Tracking Index, volts

UL 746

600

High Voltage Track Rate, mm/min (in/min)

UL 746

2.5 (0.1)

*Based on DAM specimens, but conditioned in accordance with appropriate ASTM or UL recommendations

71

Section 7

Thermal
Properties
Contents
Thermal Properties

72

Thermal Properties
Thermal Properties

resins, like most thermoplastics, have coefficients

of thermal expansion that are six to eight times
higher than those of most metals. Glass reinforced
nylons have coefficients approaching those of the
metals.

Properties discussed in this section include:

Thermal expansion and contraction
Heat deflection
Specific heat and thermal conductivity

The coefficients of thermal expansion for the dry

Zytel nylon resins are shown in Table 14. Glass
reinforcement substantially reduces the thermal
expansion in the direction of glass orientation, as
shown in Table 16. Minlon resins are intermediate, as shown in Table 15.

Thermal Expansion and Contraction

Thermal expansion is an important design consideration, especially when parts of plastic and metal
are in close contact. The unreinforced Zytel nylon

Table 14
Coefficient of Linear Thermal ExpansionZytel
104 /K
Temperature, C

Zytel 101

Zytel 151L

Zytel 408L

40

0.63

0.72

0.61

0.72

0.81

0.65

23

0.81

0.90

0.72

77

0.90

1.08

0.90

104/F
Temperature, F

Zytel 101

Zytel 151L

Zytel 408L

40

0.35

0.40

0.34

32

0.40

0.45

0.36

73

0.45

0.50

0.40

170

0.50

0.60

0.50

Note: The values shown are based upon DAM specimens. The coefficient of expansion is somewhat dependent on both
temperature and moisture content. For example, at 23C (73F), dry Zytel 101 has a coefficient of 0.81 104/K (0.45 10 4/F),
but, at saturation, it has a coefficient of 1.17 104/K (0.65 104/F).

Table 15
Minlon ResinsCoefficient of Linear Thermal Expansion, DAM
Units

Minlon 10B40

Minlon 20B

Minlon 11C40

Minlon 12T

Minlon 22C

104/K

0.36

0.36

0.36

0.54

0.36

104/F

0.20

0.20

0.20

0.30

0.20

Table 16
Glass Reinforced Zytel Coefficient of Thermal Expansion Flow Direction
104 /K

104/F

Zytel 70G13L

0.27

0.15

Zytel

Material
70G33L

0.23

0.13

Zytel 70G43L

0.22

0.12

Zytel

71G13L

0.23

0.13

Zytel 71G33L

0.18

0.10

Zytel

77G33L

0.23

0.13

Zytel 77G43L

0.22

0.12

73

Heat Deflection Temperature

Figure 109.

High deflection temperatures are shown in the

Resin Guide, Figure 109, and Table 18. Caution
should be used in attempting to relate deflection
temperature data to end-use temperature capability.
For example, use of GRZ resins at their HDT
would result in rapid oxidation and loss of physical
properties. On the other hand, Zytel 103HSL with
an HDT of 90C (194F) at 1.8 MPa (264 psi) has
been used successfully in many applications involving higher temperatures and higher stress levels.

Resin Guide Deflection Temperature, C

at 1.8 MPa (264 psi)

Reinforced Nylons

250

HDT data should be used as a general guide only

not for design or resin selection. Data on resins not
shown here can be found in the Property Charts,
Section 1.

80G33, 70G33

225

70G43
71G33
Minlon 20B
70G13
FR50
71G13
Minlon 10B40
77G43L

77G33L

200

FR70M30V0

175

Specific Heat and Thermal

Conductivity
Specific heat and thermal conductivity values are
shown in Table 17. Additional values for Minlon
and Glass Reinforced Zytel are given in the
Physical Property Charts, Section 1.

150

Table 17
Specific Heat and Thermal Conductivity
125

Below 0C (32F)
049C (32120F)
4999C (120210F)
99204C (210400F)
Thermal Conductivity
W/mK
(Btu/hrft2/F/in)

101

0.30
0.35
0.45
0.55
25
(1.7)

Zytel

151L

0.30
0.40
0.50
0.60

FR10

100
Unreinforced

Specific Heat (Btu/lbF)

Zytel

22
(1.5)

Zytel 101

Zytel 408L

75

Zytel ST801

Zytel ST 811

50
C

1.8 MPa (264 psi), DAM

(Unreinforced resins are annealed)

Table 18
Deflection Temperature, C (F)
Material
Zytel

101
Zytel 42A
Zytel 105 BK010A
Zytel 408L
Zytel 151L
Zytel 158L
Zytel ST801

0.46 MPa (66 psi)

1.8 MPa (264 psi)

235C (455F)
235C (455F)
240C (464F)
230C (446F)
180C (356F)
180C (356F)
219C (421F)

90C (194F)
90C (194F)
90C (194F)
75C (167F)
90C (194F)
90C (194F)
71C (160F)

*All materials annealed in oil at 50C (90F) below melting point.

74

Section 8

Flammability
Contents
Flammability

75

Flammability
Flammability

Zytel FR50 and Minlon FR60 also are rated

94-5V (a more severe non-burning, non-dripping
rating) in certain thicknesses. For more complete information on UL ratings, see Section 10,
Table 41.

Flammability and smoke-generating data on plastics

have been developed by agencies within the Federal
Government, Underwriters Laboratories, Inc. and
many industrial corporations.

Other Zytel and Minlon compositions are shown

in Table 19, with Oxygen Index, Underwriters
flammability and NBS smoke generation ratings.
Zytel 101 and 103HSL possess the 94V-2 Underwriters Flammability Rating and in addition have
extremely low smoke generation. Zytel resins are
consequently used in some applications because of
these two characteristics when other plastics would
be disqualified.

The data from these tests rank various materials

relative to each other and to particular specifications. It has been recognized, however, that the
tests cannot be directly correlated with larger fires,
such as burning buildings.
Tests for evaluating flammability of plastics are:
Underwriters Laboratories Flammability Ratings
Subject 94
Oxygen Index ASTM D 2863
NBS Smoke Generation

Governmental Regulations
Zytel nylon resins pass the Federal Highway
Administration Notice of Motor Vehicle Safety
Standard No. 302, Flammability of Interior
Materials, Passenger Cars, Multipurpose Passenger
Vehicles, Trucks and Busses. They also pass the
horizontal flame test section of the FAA Notice
of Proposed Rule Making Transport Category
Airplanes, Crashworthiness and Passenger Evacuation, Federal Air Regulation 25. Most Zytel
nylon resin compositions pass the severe 60-second
ignition vertical test section of the FAA tests.

Resin Guide
Flame resistant Zytel nylon resins that have the
UL 94V-0 rating are:
Zytel FR10Nylon resin
Zytel FR50Glass reinforced nylon resin
Zytel FR70M30V0Mineral reinforced nylon
resin

Table 19
Flammability and Smoke Generation
Oxygen Index
ASTM D 2863

Underwriters
Flammability

NBS Smoke
Generation

Specimen
Thickness, in

Rating

20
19

1/16
1/8
1/16
1/16
1/16
1/8
1/8
1/32

94V-2
94V-2
94V-2
94V-2
94V-2
94V-2
94 HB
94 HB

1/16
1/16
1/16

94 HB
94 HB
94 HB

25
30
22
24.5

1/16
1/16
1/16
1/16

94 HB
94 HB
94 HB
94 HB

Composition

Dry

50% RH

Zytel 101

28

31

Zytel 103HSL
Zytel 105 BK010A
Zytel 151L

26
25

28

Zytel 408L
Zytel ST801

19
18

GRZ Resins
70G13L
70G33L
70G43L
Minlon 10B40
Minlon 11C
Minlon 12T
Minlon 22C

Dm = Specific optical density at maximum smoke accumulation.

Ds = Specific optical density.

76

Energy
Source

Dm

Ds (a)
2 min

R
RF

13
26

0
1

R
RF

37
27

0
1

R = Radiant source only (2.5 W/cm2).

RF = Radiant source plus flaming gas jets.

Section 9

Effects of
Environment
Contents
Weather Resistance
Hot Water and Steam Resistance
Chemical Properties
Permeability
Bacteria and Fungi
Radiation
Dimensional Effects
Temperature/Time Resistance

77

Effects of Environment
Weather Resistance

Change in tensile and yield strength over the time

period studied were determined using ASTM D
638. Toughness was measured using a mandrel
bend test, in which test bars are bent rapidly 180
around a 3.2 mm (1/8) diameter steel mandrel.

Over a period of time, exposure to ultraviolet light

adversely affects the appearance and mechanical
properties of most plastics. Reduction in toughness
usually precedes loss of tensile properties. Weather
resistant Zytel nylon resin compositions have been
developed where maximum toughness must be
retained over years of outdoor exposure.

Exposure of nylon that is inadequately stabilized

against ultraviolet light results in surface degradation with a corresponding drop in relative viscosity
or molecular weight. Serious loss in this property is
related to a comparable loss in toughness.

Weather Resistant Grades

Zytel Nylon ResinUnreinforced
Zytel 105 BK010AA black composition containing uniformly dispersed carbon particles as UV
absorbers, or screens, and providing the best
resistance to outdoor exposure.

Weathering in Various Locations

Florida
Florida weathering data are shown in Table 20 and
may be summarized as follows:
Zytel 101 NC010 shows substantial loss of
toughness at six months. The tensile strength,
however, remains at 24 MPa (3,480 psi) after
180 months exposure.
Zytel 105 BK010A is still tough and strong at
180 months.

Zytel Nylon ResinToughened

Zytel 408 BK010 and Zytel ST801 BK010
Black resins containing uniformly dispersed carbon
for maximum resistance to outdoor exposure.
The natural grade of Zytel ST Super Tough Nylon
(ST801 NC010) will provide limited service in
outdoor applications and is not recommended
for extensive UV exposure.

Additional Florida weathering data as shown in

Figure 110 and Table 21 indicate:
Glass reinforced Zytel nylon resin compositions
retain much of their tensile strength, even after
seven years exposure.
Minlon retains much of its original tensile
strength and elongation after 24 months of
exposure.

Minlon Engineering Thermoplastics

The Minlon engineering thermoplastic resins
are more resistant to ultraviolet light than are the
unreinforced Zytel nylon resins. For maximum
resistance to outdoor weathering, black compositions containing uniformly dispersed carbon as a
UV screen are available.

Arizona
Experience with Arizona exposure tests show this
climate to be more severe on Zytel 101 WT007
and Zytel 101 NC010 than on Zytel 105 BK010A.
For Arizona or similar climates, black stabilized compositions such as Zytel 105 BK010A should be used.

Glass Reinforced Zytel Nylon Resin

Glass reinforcement improves the outdoor weatherability of nylon. Laboratory X-W Weather-Ometer
tests show Zytel 70G33L experiences only a slight
decrease in strength after 5,000 hours of exposure
in accordance with ASTM D 1499. Actual weathering studies in Florida, with GRZ resins, have shown
the tensile strength values to be reduced only
slightly after seven years exposure.

See Table 22 for Arizona exposure data on Zytel

nylon resin.
Figure 110.

140

20,000
18,000

Tensile Strength, MPa

120

Properties Observed in Weathering

Studies
Molded test bars or parts exposed to ultraviolet
radiation are tested for:
Loss of strength
Loss of toughness
Change in appearances

16,000

Zytel 70G33L

100

14,000
Zytel 71G33L

80

12,000
10,000

Zytel 70G13L

60

8,000

Zytel 71G13L

6,000

40

4,000
20
2,000
0

Exposure Time, yr

78

Tensile Strength, psi

Evaluation of the weathering resistance of Zytel

nylon resin involves exposing test specimens in various climates and determining changes in quality versus time. Accelerated weathering under simulated
conditions is used to provide data on more massive
and continuous radiation than is available naturally.

Effect of Florida Weathering on Tensile

Strength of Glass Reinforced Zytel Nylon
(Equilibrated to 50% RH Before Testing)

Table 20
Weathering of Zytel in Floridaa
Months
Composition
Zytel 101
(nylon 66,
not stabilized)

Property
Yield Strength
MPa
psi

12

24

36

60

84

96

108

180

57
8,200

37
5,380

35
5,140

31
4,480

23
3,380

16
2,300

19
2,800

24
3,500

24
3,500

Tensile Strength
MPa
73
psi
10,600
Zytel 105 BK010Ac
(nylon 66, light
stabilized, black)

Zytel 101 WT007

(nylon 66, with
titanium dioxide)

Elongation, %

300

10

Yield Strength
MPa
psi

50
7,300

62
9,060

66
9,560

55
7,990

56
8,050

47
6,800

48
7,030

46
6,700

41
6,000

Tensile Strength
MPa
psi

63
9,100

62
9,060

66
9,560

55
7,990

56
8,050

47
6,800

48
7,030

46
6,700

41
6,000

Elongation, %

160

60

41

32

35

41

51

50

32d

Yield Strength
MPa
psi

54
7,930

43
6,300

45
6,500

46
6,600

41
6,000

Tensile Strength
MPa
72
psi
10,400

61
8,900

46
6,700

46
6,600

41
6,000

290

230

65

30

Elongation, %

205

Tensile bars tested as received, moisture contents ranged from 23%.

yield.
c Weathering data based on a predecessor of similar characteristics.
d Material still tough at conclusion of test and can be bent 180 around 3.2 mm (18) steel mandrel.
All accelerated weathering data have shown the current composition to be equivalent in resistance to ultraviolet light.
b No

Data on weathering exposure results for Zytel

nylon resin in Delaware are shown in Table 23.

Table 21
Weathering of Minlon in Florida

X-W Weather-Ometer
In this accelerated test, specimens are exposed to
simulated sunlight and sprayed with water and then
dried. This two hour wet/dry cycle is repeated
continuously for the number of hours listed. Correlation between actual outdoor weathering and this
accelerated laboratory test can be affected by a
number of variables, the effects of which are not
always the same. It is estimated that 400 to 1,000
hours is equivalent to one year of outdoor weathering in Florida.

Composition: Minlon 10B40 NC010

Months
Propertya,b
Tensile Strength
MPa
psi
Ultimate Elongation, %
a

12

24

62.1
9,000

50.0
7,100

46.2
6,700

Based on 3.2 mm (1/8) thick tensile specimens.

content as tested and as received from Florida
ranged from 1.4 to 1.7%.

b Moisture

X-W Weather-Ometer data for Zytel nylon resin,

Minlon engineering thermoplastic and GRZ resins
are given in Tables 24 and 25 and Figure 111.

Delaware
Weathering of nylon is generally less severe in
Delaware than in Florida.

79

Table 22
Weathering of Zytel in Arizonaa,b
Months
Composition
Zytel 101
(nylon 66,
not stabilized)

Zytel

BK010Ac

105
(nylon 66, light
stabilized, black)

Zytel

101 WT007
(nylon 66, with
titanium dioxide)

Property

12

18

Yield Strength
MPa
psi

79
11,400

No Yield
No Yield

No Yield
No Yield

No Yield
No Yield

Tensile Strength
MPa
psi

79
11,400

31
4,500

25
3,600

45
6,500

Elongation, %

55

Yield Strength
MPa
psi

92
13,400

90
13,100

83
12,100

88
12,800

Tensile Strength
MPa
psi

92
13,400

90
13,100

83
12,100

88
12,800

Elongation, %

25

20

25

25

Yield Strength
MPa
psi

81
11,800

No Yield
No Yield

No Yield
No Yield

No Yield
No Yield

Tensile Strength
MPa
psi

81
11,800

42
6,100

26
3,800

43
6,200

45

Elongation, %
a

All test bars exposed in DAM condition.

12 months, Zytel 101 and 101 WT007 show surface cracking and a broad range in tensile properties.
c Weathering data based on a predecessor of similar characteristics.
All accelerated weathering data have shown the current composition to be equivalent in resistance to ultraviolet light.
b After

Table 23
Weathering of Zytel in Delawarea
Months
Composition
Zytel 101 WT007
(nylon 66 containing
titanium dioxide)

Zytel

BK010Ab

105
(nylon 66, light
stabilized, black)

Property

12

18

24

Yield Strength
MPa
psi

55
8,000

42
6,100

46
6,600

43
6,200

45
6,500

Tensile Strength
MPa
psi

71
10,300

48
7,000

46
6,600

43
6,200

45
6,500

Elongation, %

295

250

95

70

65

Yield Strength
MPa
psi

66
9,600

52
7,600

56
8,100

53
7,700

56
8,100

Tensile Strength
MPa
psi

66
9,600

52
7,600

56
8,100

53
7,700

56
8,100

215

200

70

45

45

Elongation, %
a

Bars contained 2.5% moisture at start of test.

data based on a predecessor of similar characteristics.

b Weathering

80

Table 24
Exposure of Zytel to Weather-Ometer (Wet-Dry Cycle)a
Tensile Bars 3.2 mm (1/8) thick
Hours
Composition
Zytel

101

Zytel

101 WT007
(nylon 66 containing
titanium dioxide)

Zytel 105 BK010Ab

(nylon 66,
black)

Zytel

BK010b

408
(modified nylon 66,
black)

Property

200

600

1,000

Yield Strength
MPa
psi

54
7,860

58
8,370

No Yield
No Yield

No Yield
No Yield

Tensile Strength
MPa
psi

70
10,100

62
9,030

53
7,650

42
6,130

33
4,740

39
5,660

39
5,600

Elongation, %

300

310

10

10

10

10

40

Yield Strength
MPa
psi

55
8,000

58
8,410

59
8,500

55
8,020

Tensile Strength
MPa
psi

71
10,300

66
9,580

56
8,070

46
6,620

60
8,640

61
8,860

65
9,400

Elongation, %

300

315

290

210

54

43

28

Yield Strength
MPa
psi

67
9,650

70
10,200

77
11,110

72
10,480

Tensile Strength
MPa
psi

51
7,400

51
7,390

53
7,650

50
7,280

64
9,340

76
11,010

90
13,000

Elongation, %

210

105

60

46

10

14

118

Yield Strength
MPa
psi

53
8,500

64
9,300

66
9,500

Tensile Strength
MPa
psi

59
8,500

64
9,300

66
9,500

39

45

25

41
6,021

36
5,260

34
5,000

30c
4,300c

215

59

56

61c

Tensile Strength
MPa
psi

42
6,089

39
5,716

37c
5,400c

Elongation, %

215

222

187c

Elongation, %
Zytel

ST801
(Supertough
nylon 66)

Tensile Strength
MPa
psi
Elongation, %

Zytel ST801 BK010

(Supertough
black)

Based on specimens conditioned to equilibrium at 50% RH.

data based on a predecessor of similar characteristics.
c 10,000 hours.
b Weathering

81

2,000

3,000

6,000

No Yield No Yield No Yield

No Yield No Yield No Yield

No Yield No Yield No Yield

No Yield No Yield No Yield

No Yield No Yield No Yield

No Yield No Yield No Yield

Table 25
Exposure of Minlon to Weather-Ometer

Table 27
Effect of 120C (248F) Steam on Zytel 122L*

Composition: Minlon 10B40

Wet-Dry Cycle, hr
Propertya
Tensile Strength
MPa
psi
Elongation, %

0b

1,000

3,000

5,000

98.0
14,200

79.7
11,700

77.3
11,200

60.0
8,700

Property

Control

200 Hours

400 Hours

Tensile Strength
MPa
psi

72.4
10,500

73.8
10,700

70.3
10,200

300

110

88

Elongation, %

*Results are based on a predecessor of Zytel 122L, of

equivalent hydrolytic resistance.

Property values are based on moisture contents as

removed from equipment and range from 0.8 to 1.2%.
b Zero hours is DAM.

Figure 111.

Table 26
Estimated Service Life of Zytel 101 and 122L
in Stagnant Hot Water*

200

100
93
82
71

212
200
180
160

1,500
2,000
3,000
8,000

Exposure Hours,
Zytel 122L
5,000
6,500
10 ,000
25,000

160

Zytel 70G33L

140

20,000

120

16,000

100
80

12,000

60

8,000

Tensile Strength, psi

24,000
Tensile Strength, MPa

Exposure Hours,
Zytel 101*

28,000

180

Exposure Hours Based on Point Where Elongation

and Impact Resistance Decrease 2550%
Water
Temperature

Effect on Weather-Ometer on Tensile

Strength, Zytel 70G33L Nylon

40
4,000

20
0

*For approximating the useful life of Zytel 103HSL and

105 BK010A, these data can be used also. For hot water
rich in air, reduce exposure hours by 3050%.

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

XW Weather-Ometer
Exposure Hours

Hot Water and Steam Resistance

Nylon resins are resistant to hot water and are
found in applications requiring this exposure.
Nylon subject to prolonged exposure in hot water
will undergo loss of physical properties due to
hydrolysis and oxidation. To prolong the service
life in hot water environments, special compositions are available containing additives to retard
oxidative and hydrolytic degradation.

Figure 112.

Resistance of Zytel 122L and 101 to

Hot Fresh Water at 77C (170F)

80

Factors found in water service that affect the

performance of the nylons are as follows:
Temperature. Hydrolytic and oxidative attack
occur more severely at higher temperatures. A
14C (20F) increase in temperature may reduce
useful life of a nylon component by 4050%.
Stagnant vs. Fresh Water. Aerated fresh water
has a more severe effect than stagnant water
because of its higher oxygen concentration.
Stagnant Water. As water is heated, air flashes
off into the atmosphere and, at the boiling point,
little oxygen remains. Table 26 is based on
exposure to boiled water that has been controlled
at a temperature lower than boiling.

8,000
6,000

40

Zytel 122L

4,000

20
2,000
Zytel 101

2,000

4,000
Time, hr

82

6,000

Tensile Strength, psi

Tensile Strength, MPa

10,000
60

Figure 113.

Effect of Boiling Water on Tensile

Strength (Tested at 100% RH)

Wet Tensile Strength, MPa

100

14,000
12,000

80

Zytel 70G33HRL

10,000

60

8,000

Zytel 70G33L

6,000

40

4,000
20
0

2,000
0

2,000

4,000

6,000

Wet Tensile Strength, psi

Fresh Water. Figure 112 is based on exposure

to air-rich water such as encountered in home
appliances. Fresh water at 77C (170F) was
continuously fed to the test chamber. The effect
is much more severe than water containing little
oxygen. Zytel 122L is significantly better than
Zytel 101 for service in fresh hot water and has
been used successfully for many years in washing
machine mixing valves.
Steam. Table 27 shows the effect of steam on
Zytel 122L. Zytel 101 is not recommended for
prolonged exposure to steam.
Boiling Water. Figure 113 shows the effect of
boiling water on Zytel 70G33L and 70G33HRL.
Chlorine. Concentrations of chlorine as low as
8 ppm may reduce the service life of a nylon
component by 2030%.
Internal Stress. Molded-in stress can reduce
service life.

8,000

Exposure, hr

Organic materials that permanently affect Zytel

nylon resin generally do so through some degree of
solvent action. Phenols are powerful solvents and
are used in certain bonding techniques. Formic
acid, trichloracetic acid and some fluoroalcohols
have similar action. Use in organic acids should be
approached with caution. Acetic acid slowly attacks
Zytel nylon resin: stronger acids have a more
rapid effect. The higher fatty acids, such as stearic
acid, present no problem.

Chemical Properties
Zytel nylon resins are used in applications requiring high resistance to oils, gasoline, greases, many
kinds of organic reagents and certain salt solutions.
Because of this unique chemical resistance, Zytel
nylon resins are used extensively in environments
containing lubricating oil, greases and aliphatic
and aromatic hydrocarbons.

Zytel nylon resin resists many inorganic reagents.

Unlike most metals, it is not affected by electrolytic
corrosion as found in and around salt water and
in many industrial atmospheres. Zytel nylon resin
resists even high concentrations of alkalies. Some
salts such as calcium chloride, potassium thiocyanate and zinc chloride are known to have solvent
action, particularly in high concentrations and at
elevated temperatures.

The Zytel nylon resins also are resistant to a wide

variety of proprietary items such as paints and
lacquers, cosmetic preparations, detergents, aerosol
preparations and food products, including animal
and vegetable fats.
In addition, Zytel nylon resins are resistant to a
wide variety of organic compounds, such as aldehydes, ketones, monohydroxyl alcohols, most
esters, and many chlorinated aliphatic materials.

Nylon 612 such as Zytel 158L are the most

chemical resistant of the Zytel nylon resin family.

Some of these compounds will be absorbed by

nylons in limited quantities with resultant dimensional changes. Physical properties in general
are not impaired, although some materials such
as alcohols will plasticize the nylon, with a reduction in tensile strength, yield and modulus and an
increase in elongation and impact strength. Higher
molecular weight members of a homologous series
are absorbed less. Partially halogenated hydrocarbons, such as methylene chloride, chloroform
and ethylene dichloride are absorbed and result in
a plasticizing action resembling that of water.
The process is reversible. That is, if the solvent
is allowed to evaporate, the physical and dimensional changes will reverse.

Minlon engineering thermoplastic and GRZ are

more resistant to chemicals and reagents than the
resins from which they are derived. The reinforcing
materials tend to mask the effect of chemicals and
reagents on the base resin. Glass reinforced Zytel
nylon resin is frequently superior to Minlon
engineering thermoplastic in retaining dimensions
during chemical service.

83

The unplasticized extrusion grade nylons are higher

viscosity and higher molecular weight nylons
than the molding grades; therefore, they tend to
be attacked more slowly. Zytel ST performs similarly to the unreinforced Zytel nylon resins.

Increase in Toughness, Elongation with

Reduction in Tensile Strength
Alcohols
Water
Methylene Chloride
Chloroform
Ethylene Dichloride

Chemical resistance behavior can be summarized

as follows:
Excellent Resistance
Brake Fluids
Lubricants, Auto, Power Steering Fluids
Oil
Grease
HydrocarbonsAliphatic
Aromatic
Paints
Lacquers
Detergents
FatsAnimal/Vegetable
AlkaliesUp to 40% (high concentration)
Gasoline

Some Dimensional ChangePhysical Properties

Unimpaired
Aldehydes (most)
Ketones
Esters (most)
Chlorinated Aliphatic (most)
Aromatic Materials (most)
More specific information on chemical resistance
appears in Table 28, which lists gravimetric and
linear changes in test bars after exposure for
specific time periods at given temperatures. The
physical property values of the immersed bars were
then determined after removing and drying and
were used to judge the suitability for service.

Unsatisfactory Use with Zytel

Phenols
Trichloroacetic Acid
Fluoralcohols (some)
Strong Acids
Calcium Thiocyanate
High Concentration
Calcium Bromide
5080% and
Calcium Chloride
Elevated Temperature
Potassium Thiocyanate
Zinc Chloride
Mineral Acids (strong)
Oxidizing Agents (strong, high temperature)

84

Acetaldehyde
Acetic Acid

90

52

125

5
5
5

23

30
90
90

H
H
M

+1.4
+1.7
+0.5

365
365
90

L
M
M

+0.0
+0.3
+0.2

X
X
X

23

Zytel 158L

23
50
23

73
122
73

10
10

23
52

73
125

100
100
100

33
33
24

28
28
+75

Ammonium Chloride

10

52

125

Ammonium Hydroxide

10
10

23
70

73
158

365
365

98

208

45

10

24

75

100

23

73

10

24

75

23
23

73
73

10

24

75

35

95

Bromine

100

24

75

Buffer Solution pH 4

100
100
100

70
70
70

158
158
158

30
90
365

H
H
H

+1.6
+1.5
+1.4

Buffer Solution pH 7

100

70

158

365

+1.3

Buffer Solution pH 10

100
100

70
70

158
158

90
365

H
H

+1.6
+1.5

Aluminum Salts of
Mineral Acids
Ammonia, Liquid

n-Amyl Acetate
Antimony Trichloride
Aroclor 1242
Barium Chloride
Benzene
Benzoic Acid
Boric Acid

a
b

100

100
100

Zytel

151L

Zytel 151L

Comments

Zytel 158L

100
100
100

Unsatisfactory

73
73
73

Acetone

Satisfactory

Excellent

Temp.

% Length Change

Exposure
Conditions

Weight Changea

Chemicalb
Resistance

Time
(Days)

Concentration, %

Chemical

Nylon
(Zytel 101 Unless
Otherwise Specified)

Table 28
Chemical Resistance of Zytel Nylon Resins

X
X

X
X
7
14
200

X
X
X
X
H
H

+1.7
+13

X
X
X
X

30

X
X
X
X

90

X
316

X
X
X
X

X
X

(continued)

Low = <1%, Moderate = 14%, High = 49%, Very High = >9%.

Based on physical property measurements.

85

Calcium Hypochlorite

45
90

+0.3

10

24

75

60

140

35

95

saturated

Calcium Thiocyanate

50

Carbon Tetrachloride

100
100

Unsatisfactory

122
73

151L
Zytel 158L

Temp.

Satisfactory

50
23

100
100

Zytel

Exposure
Conditions

Excellent

% Length Change

Calcium Chloride

Weight Changea

Butyric Acid

Time
(Days)

n-Butanol

Chemical b
Resistance

Concentration, %

Chemical

Nylon
(Zytel 101 Unless
Otherwise Specified)

Table 28
Chemical Resistance of Zytel Nylon Resins (continued)

Comments

X
X

77

Stress cracks at high

temperatures

X
X

Swells nylon

50
23

122
73

365
365

L
L

+0.1
0.0

X
X

100

23

73

365

+1.7

Dilute
Conc.

23
23

73
73

10

24

75

23
23

73
73

10

24

75

100

23

73

Chromic Acid

10

24

75

Citric Acid

10

35

95

Copper Chloride

10

24

75

23

73

Solvent for nylon

Solvent for many nylons

including Type 66

Cetane
Chlorine Water
Chloroacetic Acid
Chloroform
Chlorosulfonic Acid
Chlorox

m-Cresol

100
100

100

Zytel 158L

Zytel 158L

Any

X
X
X
56
90

H
VH

X
X

77

24

75

Ethanol

95
95
95

23
50
23

73
122
73

365
365
90

H
H
VH

50

122

365

50

122

45

95
Zytel

X
+2.4
+2.8
+3.2

X
X
X

0.0

Ethylene Dibromide

100

Ethylene Dichloride

100

66

150

+0.3

Ethylene Glycol

100

23

73

56

0.0

Formalin

38

23

73

14

Formic Acid

90

23

73

a
b

151L

10

90

Ethyl Acetate

X
X

Diethylene Glycol

Zytel 158L

+0.3
+4.1

Low = <1%, Moderate = 14%, High = 49%, Very High = >9%.

Based on physical property measurements.

86

Excellent

23

73

365

+0.8

12

100

23

73

365

0.0

21

100

23

73

365

+0.5

22

100

23

73

365

0.0

TE

100

23

73

+1.2

11c

Freon
Freon
Freon
Freon

Glycolic Acid
Hexafluoroisopropanol

Temp.

70

200

100

23

73

2.5
5
10

23
77
25

73
170
77

10
5
60

43

110

30

Conc.

23

73

Hylene T

100

23

73

10

Isooctane

100
100
100

23

73

365

10
25

35
23

95
73

316
90

10

35

95

77

100
100
100
100

23
23
23
23

73
73
73
73

56
365
365
365

72

162

23

73

14

23

73

28

98

208

45

10

23

73

60

Nitromethane

100

23

73

30

2-Nitropropane

100

49

120

30

Nujol

100

70

158

365

10

24

75

Hydrochloric Acid

Hydrogen Peroxide
Hydrogen Sulfide (aq)

Lactic Acid
Lanolin Suspension
Methanol

Methyl Chloroform

100

Methyl Isobutyl Ketone

100

Methylene Chloride

100

Naptha (VMP)
Nitric Acid

Perchloric Acid
a
b
c

100

Zytel

Zytel

151

151L

Stress cracking agent

Solvent for Zytel 101

X
X
X
X

X
M
L
M

0.1
0.1
0.2

X
X
X
X

H
H
H
H

VH

3.0
2.4
2.2

X
X
X
X

+4.1

X
X
X

X
X

Low = <1%, Moderate = 14%, High = 49%, Very High = >9%.

Based on physical property measurements.
DuPont registered trademark for Fluorocarbons.

87

Comments

Zytel 408L
Zytel ST801

Zytel 408L
Zytel ST801

Unsatisfactory

% Length Change

100

Freon

Exposure
Conditions

Satisfactory

Chemical

Concentration, %

Weight Changea

Chemicalb
Resistance

Time
(Days)

Nylon
(Zytel 101 Unless
Otherwise Specified)

Table 28
Chemical Resistance of Zytel Nylon Resins (continued)

Table 28
Chemical Resistance of Zytel Nylon Resins (continued)

90

Comments

73
73
73

365
365
365

M
M
M

3.0
2.4
2.2

X
X
X

23

73

Solvent for nylon

Exposure
Conditions
Temp.

Zytel 151L

98

208

Potassium Carbonate

20

Zytel 151L

98

208

45

Potassium Hydroxide

30

93

200

23

73

10

Phosphoric Acid

Potassium Permanganate

Satisfactory

Unsatisfactory

23
23
23

Excellent

Zytel 408L
Zytel ST801

% Length Change

100
100
100

Weight Changea

Time
(Days)

Phenol

Nylon
(Zytel 101 Unless
Otherwise Specified)

Perclene

Concentration, %

Chemical

Chemical b
Resistance

X
X
X

Potassium Thiocyanate

Conc.

Sodium Acetate

Conc.

38

100

Sodium Bicarbonate

Conc.

24

75

35

95

77

Sodium Chloride

10

23

73

365

+1.0

Sodium Hydroxide

10
10

70
70

158
158

30
365

+1.2

Sodium Hypochlorite

23

73

10

Sodium Nitrate

24

75

10

Stannic Chloride

10

24

75

Stannic Sulfate

10

24

75

38

100

100

30

Sodium Carbonate

Sulfur Dioxide Gas

Sulfuric Acid

30

23

73

Sulfurous Acid

10

23

73

2,2,3,3
Tetrafluoropropane
Toluene

Zytel 408L
Zytel ST801

50
23
23
23

X
X

365
365
365
365

M
M
M
M

0.0
0.1
0.1
0.2

X
X
X
X

150

0.2

Xylene

100

23

73

Zerex

40

104

220

Limited service
satisfactory

122
73
73
73

100

Tricresyl Phosphate

100
100
100
100
100

Solvent for nylon

Solvent for nylon

X
92

Low = <1%, Moderate = 14%, High = 49%, Very High = >9%.

Based on physical property measurements.

88

Small surface cracks

develop

The resistance of GRZ to stress cracking when

test bars are exposed to chemicals is illustrated in
Table 30. None of a spectrum of chemical types
caused stress cracking.

Table 29 shows absorption data and axial transverse dimension changes for Glass Reinforced
Zytel nylon resin after immersion in chemicals.

Table 29
Zytel 70G33LEffect of Chemical Immersion on GRZ Nylon Resins
% Change from the Dry Condition
After 1,500 Hours Immersion at 23C (73F)
Dimension
Chemical

Concentration

Weight

Axial

Transverse

Acetone

100%

+ .7

+.1

+ .1

Ammonium Acetate

3M

+4.4

+.2

+1.4

Ammonium Hydroxide

5M

+4.9

+.3

+1.3

Benzene

100%

+1.0

+.1

+ .2

Buffer Solution

pH7

+5.2

+.3

+1.9

Butyraldehyde

100%

+2.2

+.2

+ .3

Cyclohexane

100%

+ .8

+.3

Ethyl Acetate

100%

+2.3

+.4

Gasoline

100%

+ .8

+.1

+ .2

Heptane

100%

+ .7

Lubricating Oil

100%

+ .5

+.2

Methanol

100%

+6.8

+.5

+3.0

Methyl Chloride

100%

+3.7

+.4

+ .6

Phenol

saturated
aqueous solution

Potassium Chloride
Pyridine
Sodium Hydroxide
Sulfuric Acid

sample underwent
serious attack

2M

+4.5

+.1

+ .6

100%

+1.1

+.1

+ .2

5M

+4.7

+.4

+1.5

concentrated

sample underwent
serious attack

Notes:
1. Measurements made on the length and width of a 127 12.7 3.2 mm (5 1/2 1/8) bar. The axial measurement given
represents change in length. The transverse measurement given represents change in width.
2. Thickness changes were generally greater than those observed for width.
3. No measurement of physical properties has been made on immersed bars. Prototype testing is suggested.

Table 30
Stress-Crack Resistance of GRZ Nylon Resins
MaterialZytel 70G33L
Specimen127 12.7 3.2 mm
(5 1/2 1/8) bar

Exposure Stress93.2 MPa (13,500 psi)

Exposure Time5 minutes
Exposure Temperature23C (73F)

No stress cracking observed with 100% concentration of:

Acetone
Cyclohexane
Benzene
Ethyl Acetate
Butyraldehyde
Ethylene Glycol

89

Gasoline
Hexane
Lubricating Oil

Methanol
Methylene Chloride
Pyridine

Permeability

Minlon engineering thermoplastics exhibit low

absorption of many chemicals as shown in Table
31. However, a number of compounds such as glycols, glycerin and polyhydric alcohols are absorbed
by Minlon engineering thermoplastics and have a
plasticizing effect similar to that of water.

Tables 33 and 34 give permeation rate through

Zytel 42A for a number of gases and liquids.
Permeation rate is difficult to measure accurately.
It will vary with pressure, temperature and even
thickness of the container.

Certain organic liquids dissolve Minlon. These

include phenols, formic acid, trichloroacetic acid,
and some fluoroalcohols.

Zytel is an excellent barrier to fuels and lubricants

and to some gases, including most Freon gases.
Although the data were measured on Zytel 42A,
it can be used as a guide for other Type 66 Zytel
nylon resins.

Table 32 indicates the resistance of Minlon

engineering thermoplastics to blends of alcohol
and gasoline typically in use.
Minlon engineering thermoplastics are resistant
to stress-cracking over a wide range of conditions.
To evaluate this, flex bars of Minlon 10B40 were
exposed at high stress to a number of common
reagents that were applied to 127 12.7 3.2 mm
(5 1/2 1/8) flex bars under 41.3 MPa
(6,000 psi) stress without observable signs of
cracking:
Ethyl Acetate
Methanol
Methylene Chloride
Acetone
Benzene
Butyraldehyde
Cyclohexane
Ethylene Glycol
Pyridine
Lubricating Oil
Hexane
Gasoline

Table 32
Resistance of Minlon to Gasoline/
Alcohol Mixtures
Minlon

Length
Change, %

15% Methanol
85% Unleaded gasoline

11C40
12T
10B40

0.9
1.2
0.3

15% Ethanol
85% Unleaded gasoline

11C40
12T
10B40

0.03
0.01
0.03

Mixture

Table 33
Permeation Rates of Various Gases Through
Film Made of Zytel 42A (at 23C [73F], 50% RH)

Table 31
Resistance of Minlon to Chemicals

SI Units
mm3/mm

British Units
cc/mil

m2/24 hr/Pa
(except as indicated)

100 in2/24 hr/atm

(except as indicated)

Composition: Minlon 10B40

Chemical

Weight
Gain, %

Change in
Length, %

Acetone

0.2

0.0

Water vapor

Ammonium Hydroxide
(10% by wt)

2.4a
14.1a,b

1.0a
20a,b

1.5

0.2

Oxygen

0.008

2.0

Automatic Transmission Fluid

0.1

0.0

Carbon dioxide

0.035

9.0

Nitrogen

0.003

0.7

Helium

0.583

150.0

Brake Fluid

0.0

0.0

Ethanol

0.4

0.0

Ethyl Acetate

0.2

0.0

a in
b at

Ethylene Glycol
(50/50 solution)

0.1

0.1

GasolineUnleaded

0.3

0.0

Motor Oil 10W40

0.1

0.0

Methanol

2.3

0.2

Sodium Chloride aq.

(10% by wt)

1.4

0.1

Toluene

0.1

0.0

100% RH
SI Units
mg/mm
m2/24 hr/Pa

Note: Above data based on 21 days immersion at 23C

(73F).

90

British Units
g/mil
or

100 in2/24 hr/atm

Radiation
Among plastic materials, Zytel 101 is intermediate
in its resistance to the heterogeneous radiation flux
of an atomic pile.* Thus, Zytel 101 is more
resistant than such materials as cellulose acetate
and methyl methacrylate polymer, but less resistant
than polyvinyl chloride acetate. During radiation,
test bars of Zytel 101 initially show increased
tensile strength with some loss in toughness. With
progressive radiation, brittleness develops.

Table 34
Permeation Factors of Various Liquids
Through 2.54 mm (100 mil) Thick Bottles
Made of Zytel 42A
Permeation

Liquid
Kerosene
Methyl Salicylate
Motor Oil (SAE 10)
Toluene
Fuel Oil B
(isooctane-toluene blend)
Water
Carbon Tetrachloride
VMP Naphtha

Permeation
Factor
g/24 hr/
m2/mm

Factor
at 1 atm
(g/24 hr/
100 in2/mil)

0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08

0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2

0.2
1.22.4
2.0
2.4

0.5
36
5
6

Furthermore, Zytel 101 is relatively resistant to

the effects of gamma radiation.** Tests on nylon
film (nylon 66) made after exposure to 6 Mrad of
gamma radiation indicate essentially no harm to
the material. On the basis of the study, it was
concluded that nylon 66 could be considered for
packaging of food subject to preservation by high
energy radiation.

Dimensional Effects

Bacteria and Fungi: Soil and

Underground Conditions

Zytel nylon resins are used extensively for precision gears, bearings, housings and other applications where dimensional stability, ability to retain
shape at high temperatures and resistance to chemicals are essential to good performance. To utilize
the nylon compositions in the optimum way, the
designer must have knowledge on the dimensional
effects under a variety of environmental conditions.

Zytel nylon resins have been found remarkably

resistant to attack from bacteria, fungi and termites
both in laboratory-type controlled tests and in burial
tests.
Test specimens of Zytel 42A were buried at
Landenberg, PA for 3-1/2 years in termite-infested
soil. Examination after burial showed no attack by
termites nor any apparent deterioration from fungi,
insects or other biological agencies. It was concluded that Zytel was neither attractive to termites
nor readily utilized by fungi. Control specimens of
pine wood showed heavy infestation.

The dimensions of a plastic part are determined

by the history or conditions the part sees and are
affected by the following factors working independently or together. The factors are:
Part design
Resin used in molding
Mold design
Molding conditions
Moisture absorption
Stress reliefnaturally or annealed
Environmenttemperature, stress, chemicals,
moisture

Zytel 101 was tested microbiologically for its

ability to support Salmonella typhosa growth (food
poisoning). The test proved that the resin would
not support the growth of this bacteria.
Molded specimens of Zytel 101 and earlier
versions of Zytel 105 BK010A and Zytel
103HSL were tested for resistance to fungi
representatives of the following groups:
Chaetomium globosum
Rhizopus nigricans
Aspergillis flavus
Penicillium luteum
Memononiells echinata

Stress Relief
Like all molded plastic materials, molded parts of
nylon possess some degree of molded-in stress.
Stress relaxation will occur naturally over a period
of time and is aided by moisture absorption and
accelerated if the parts are heated or annealed.

Test bars exposed 28 days to active environments

with respect to fungi showed no visual evidence
of attack after cleaning and no loss in physical
properties. Also, no changes occurred in molecular weight.

* The United States Atomic Energy Commission ORNL-928,

Sisman, O., and Bopp, C. D., June 29, 1951
** Krasnansky, V. J., Achhammer, B. G., and Parker, M. S., SPE
Transactions, July 1961Effect of Gamma Radiation on Chemical
Structure of Plastics

91

Moisture Absorption vs. Stress

Relief

Figure 114.

Figures 116, 122, 124, 125, and 126 show the

combined effect of moisture absorption and
stress relief.

As nylon absorbs moisture, the dimensions tend

to increase; whereas stress relief causes dimensions
to decrease.
In practice, the combined effect of moisture absorption and stress relief can result in little change
with time in the as-molded dimensions.

Shrinkage During Annealing vs. Mold

Temperature for Zytel 101 NC010

150

0.015

Mold Temperature, F
200
250
300

0.79

Figure 116.

mm
(0.03
) Th
1.58 m
ick
m (0.0
6)
3.18 mm
(0.13)
6.35 mm (0.25)

0.010
0.005

Figure 115.

75

100
125
150
Mold Temperature, C

175
+0.015

Total Shrinkage After Annealing vs.

Mold Temperature for Zytel 101 NC010
Mold Temperature, F
150
200
250

100

0.035

300

+0.010
+0.005
Zytel 101

0
0.005
0.010

0.030

20

6.35 mm (0.25)

0.025

100

Gate = 1/2 Part Width

1/2 Part Thickness

1.58 mm (0.06)

0.015

40
60
80
Relative Humidity, %

76.2 mm 127.0 mm 1.6 mm (3 5 1/16) Plaques

3.18 mm (0.13

0.020

0.79 mm (0.03) Thick

0.010

Figure 117.

0.005
0
25

50

75
100
125
Mold Temperature, C

Change in Dimensions with Moisture

Content for Zytel 101 in the StressFree (Annealed) Condition

150

0.030

50.8 mm 50.8 mm (2 2) Plaques

Gate Thickness = 1/2 Part Thickness
Gate Width = Thickness of Part
Annealed at 163C (325F) for 1 Hour

Increase mm/mm or in/in

Total Shrinkage,
mm/mm or in/in

Typical Post-Molding Changes Due to

Stress-Relief/Moisture Absorption,
Unannealed Samples

+0.020

0
50

Change from DAM Size,

mm/mm or in/in

Annealing Shrinkage,
mm/mm or in/in

The effect of annealing on DAM test bars is shown

in Figure 114. As can be seen, mold temperature
and part thickness have a significant effect on
annealing shrinkage. Figure 115 shows that total
shrinkage, the combination of mold shrinkage and
annealed shrinkage, is much more dependent upon
part thickness than mold temperature.

Total shrinkage equals mold shrinkage

plus annealing shrinkage

0.025
Zytel 101

0.020
0.015
0.010
0.005
50% RH

0
0

92

4
6
8
10
Moisture Content, %

12

Moisture Absorption

Figure 119.

If a nylon part is fully annealed, dimensional changes

will occur with increasing moisture content as shown
in Figure 117. Rarely are nylon parts annealed in
actual practice. Thus, to assume that dimensional
increase will occur with increasing moisture content to the extent shown in Figure 79 is unrealistic
for most design purposes, as stress relief counteracts, in part, growth due to moisture absorption, as
previously shown. Of course, if the nylon part is to
be exposed to the higher humidities for long periods of time, the part dimensions will eventually
increase, and this increase must be allowed for in
part design. By the same token, in dry applications,
such as automotive engine parts, dimensional
decrease due to stress relief must be considered.

Moisture Content, %

2.0

1.5
0) Thick
m (0.06
2m
1. 5
hick
5) T
0.12
(
Thick
)
mm (0.250
8
1
3. 5 mm
6.3

1.0

0.5

0
0

For typical applications not exposed constantly to

water, such as automotive body applications, an
allowance of 0.5 to 0.7% for possible growth due
to moisture absorption has proven sufficient.
Figure 120.

It is important to remember that moisture absorption and desorption are slow processes, and the
heavier the wall thickness the slower the process,
as shown in Figures 118, 119, 120 and 121. For
best dimensional stability, the nylon 612 (Figure
119) are used. The equilibrium moisture contents at
various relative humidities for several Zytel nylon
resins are shown in Figure 123 and Table 35.

Moisture Content, %

Another dimensional effect resulting from the environment temperature change can be determined
from the coefficient of thermal expansion. See Section 7 on Thermal Properties for this information.
Figure 118.

Moisture Content vs. Time for Zytel 151L

Exposed to 50% RH Air at 23C (73F)

50

100 150 200

Time, days

250

300

Moisture Content vs. Time for Zytel 101

and Zytel 151L Immersed in Water at
23C (73F)

1.52 mm
(0.060) Thick

3.18 mm
(0.125) Thick

Zytel 101

Zytel 151L

6.35 mm
(0.250) Thick

4
1.52 mm (0.060) Thick
3.18 mm (0.125) Thick
) Thick
6.35 mm (0.250

Moisture Content vs. Time for Zytel 101

Exposed to 50% RH Air at 23C (73F)

50

100

150
200
Time, days

250

300

350

3.0
1.52 mm (0.060) Thick

3.18

mm

5)
(0.12

2.0

Rate of Moisture Loss, Zytel 101, 23C

(73F), Over Drierite, 1.6 mm (1/16)
Thick Sample

0) Thic

m (0.25

6.35 m

Figure 121.

Thick

10
Moisture, dry basis, %

Moisture Content, %

2.5

1.5

1.0

0.5

8
6
4
2
0
0

0
0

50

100

150
200
Time, days

250

300

93

20

40

60
80 100
Time, days

120 140

160

Figure 122.

Dimensional Change as a Function of

Cyclic Variations in Environmental
Relative Humidity

Figure 124.

Effect of Humidity on Dimensions,

Zytel 70G33L (Measured on 75 130
3.2 mm [3 5 1/8] Plaques)

Dimensional Change from

Cavity Size, mm/m (mil/in)

Dimensional Change,
mm/mm or in/in

+0.006
+0.004
+0.002

Zytel 151L

Zytel 408

0.002

Zytel 101

0.004
0.006
20

Figure 123.

30

40
50
60
Relative Humidity, %

Flow
Direction

Transverse
Direction

10

70
0

Equilibrium Moisture Content as a

Function of Relative Humidity

Figure 125.

9
8
7

20

40
60
80
Relative Humidity, %

100

Effect of Humidity on Dimensions,

Zytel 71G33L (Measured on 75 130
3.2 mm [3 5 1/8] Plaques)

Dimensional Change from

Cavity Size, mm/m (mil/in)

+10

Zytel 101

Zytel 408L

Zytel 70G33L

4
3

+5
Flow
Direction

Transverse
Direction

10
0
1.0
0.9
0.8
0.7

Zytel 151L

0.6

Figure 126.

Zytel 71G33L

0.5

Zytel 77G33L

20

40
60
80
Relative Humidity, %

100

Effect of Humidity on Dimensions,

Zytel 77G33L (Measured on 75 130
3.2 mm [3 5 1/8] Plaques)

0.4
Dimensional Change from
Cavity Size, mm/m (mil/in)

Moisture Content, %

+5

0.3

0.2

0.1
0

20

40
60
Relative Humidity, %

80

100

+5
Flow
Direction

Transverse
Direction

10
0

94

20

40
60
Relative Humidity, %

80

100

Resin Guide

Table 35
Equilibrium Moisture Contents of Some
Zytel Nylon Resins at 50 and 100% RH

For maximum retention of key physical properties

when exposed to high temperature environments
for prolonged periods, special heat stabilized grades
of nylon have been developed. In the unreinforced
Zytel product line, Zytel 103HSL (a heat stabilized unreinforced 6/6 nylon) and Zytel FR10
(flame retarded nylon) offer improved heat aging
performance versus unmodified Zytel 101 as
shown in Table 36. Heat aging data for unreinforced Zytel nylon resin compositions can be
found in Figures 127134.

Moisture Level, %
Zytel Nylon Resin

50% RH

100% RH

Zytel 101, 42A, 105

Zytel 151L, 158L
Zytel 408L
Zytel ST801

2.5
1.3
2.0
2.0

8.5
3.0
7.0
6.7

Temperature/Time Resistance

Reinforced nylon compositions such as glass

reinforced Zytel and Minlon (mineral reinforced)
offer improved resistance to heat aging versus
unmodified compositions. Heat stabilized and
flame retarded reinforced compositions are shown
in Table 37. Heat aging data for glass reinforced
Zytel nylon resins can be found in Figures
135141.

When nylons are subjected to elevated temperatures

for prolonged periods of time in the presence of air,
oxidative degradation will occur, the rate and extent
of which depends upon the composition, the temperature and the time of exposure. The effect is to
reduce tensile strength and toughness and can eventually lead to surface cracking and embrittlement.

Actual or simulated testing of a nylon part in

service is the best method for evaluating material
performance in a specific application.

Thermal aging tests are used to compare various

plastic materials and to estimate their service life.
The service life of a given material at a given enduse temperature will be largely dependent upon
the requirements of the application and should be
judged on the basis of the heat aging data to follow
and on actual or simulated end-use testing.

Table 36
Unreinforced Zytel Nylon Resin Compositions UL Temperature Index 3.0 mm (0.120) Thickness
UL Temperature Index (C)

Zytel 101
Zytel 103HSL
Zytel FR10

Electrical

Mechanical With Impact

Mechanical Without Impact

125
140
125

75
110
85

85
125
90

Table 37
Glass Reinforced Zytel Nylon Resins and Minlon Engineering Thermoplastics
UL Temperature Index 3.0 mm (0.120) Thickness

Minlon 10B40
Zytel FR70M30V0
Zytel 70G33L
Zytel 70G33HS1L
Zytel FR50

Electrical

Mechanical With Impact

Mechanical Without Impact

120
120
120
130
130

115
115
105
105
115

115
115
120
130
120

95

Test Method

Effect of Air Oven Aging of Zytel

103HSL on Tensile Strength

Figure 129.

Molded test samples are exposed to elevated temperatures for various periods in a thermal aging procedure based on UL Subject 746B. They are then
tested to obtain comparative data on their physical
properties.

120

In thermal aging tests conducted for Underwriters

Laboratories recognition, the temperature in C at
which a specific property will decrease to one-half
its original, unaged value at 60,000 hours of use
is the UL Temperature Index for the property in
question.

132C
(270F)

80
60

8,000

40

1,000

Effect of Air Oven Aging of Zytel 101

NC010 on Tensile Strength

4,000

180C
(356F)

20
0

Figure 127.

12,000

160C
(320F)

2,000 3,000
Exposure, hr

Tensile Strength, psi

Tensile Strength, MPa

16,000
100

4,000

Note: The data for 132C (270F) is based on a predecessor of Zytel 103HSL with equivalent stability.

10,000
60

8,000
6,000

40

4,000
20

157C
(315F)

132C
120C
(270F) (248F)

0
0

Figure 128.

1,000 2,000
3,000
Exposure, hr

Figure 130.

Original Tensile Impact Strength, %

12,000

80

Tensile Strength, psi

2,000

4,000

Effect of Air Oven Aging of Zytel 101

NC010 on Tensile Impact Strength

75
132C
(270F)

50
160C
(320F)

25

180C
(356F)

120

500

1,000
1,500
Exposure, hr

2,000

Note: The data for 132C (270F) is based on a predecessor of Zytel 103HSL with equivalent stability.

100
80

Figure 131.

Effect of Air Oven Aging of Zytel

408HS BK009 on Tensile Strength

60
80
40
10,000
20

157C
(315F)

132C
(270F)

120C
(248F)

0
0

400

800 1,200 1,600

Exposure, hr

2,000

60
8,000
6,000

40
157C
(315F)

4,000

20
2,000
0
0

1,000
2,000
Exposure, hr

3,000

Note: Heat stabilized and containing a black colorant

96

Tensile Strength, psi

Original Tensile Impact Strength, %

Effect of Air Oven Aging of Zytel

103HSL on Tensile Impact Strength

100

Tensile Strength, MPa

Tensile Strength, MPa

100

Effect of Air Oven Aging of Zytel

408HS BK009 on Tensile Impact Strength

Figure 135.

120

16,000
100

80
132C
(270F)

60
40
20

14,000
12,000

80

132C (270F)

10,000
60

157C (315F)

40

6,000
4,000

20
0

1,000

2,000
3,000
Exposure, hr

2,000

4,000
0
0

Figure 133.

8,000

170C (338F)

Tensile Strength, psi

100

Effect of Air Oven Aging at Different

Temperatures on Tensile Strength of
Zytel 70G13L

120
120C
(248F)

Tensile Strength, MPa

Original Tensile Impact Strength, %

Figure 132.

Effect of Air Oven Aging of Zytel

ST801HS on Tensile Strength

Figure 136.

1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000

Exposure, hr

Effect of Air Oven Aging at Different

Temperatures on Tensile Strength of
Zytel 70G33L

80
200

9
C
(3
)

F)

00

8,000

4F
)

50

4,000

0
500

Figure 134.

1,000
1,500
Exposure, hr

2,000
0

Effect of Air Oven Aging of Zytel

ST801HS on Tensile Impact Strength

Figure 137.

100

Effect of Oven Aging at Different

Temperatures on Tensile Strength of
Heat Stabilized, Glass Reinforced Zytel
70G33HS1L

40

C (

7C

(31

5F

F)

149C
(300F)

250

16,000
12,000
8,000

50

20,000

F)

100

24,000

270

15

150

38

20

28,000
132

(3

160C
(320F)

200

C
0
17

Tensile Strength, MPa

32,000

60

12,000

250

150C
(302F)

80

3,000 6,000 9,000

Exposure, hr

4,000

500 750 1,000 1,250 1,500

Exposure, hr

0
0

97

3,000 6,000
9,000
Exposure, hr

12,000

Tensile Strength, psi

Original Tensile Impact Strength, %

Tensile Strength, psi

14

12,000

(37

2,000

20,000
)

16,000

170C
(338F)

20

100

(27

0F

(33

4,000

180C
(356F)

24,000
132

150
0

190C
(374F)

28,000

17

6,000

40

Tensile Strength, MPa

8,000

Tensile Strength, psi

60

190

Tensile Strength, MPa

10,000

Effect of Air Oven Aging at Different

Temperatures on Tensile Strength of
Zytel 71G13L

100

14,000

180

12,000

160

157C (315F)

60

170C (338F)

8,000
6,000

40

4,000

Effect of Air Oven Aging at Different

Temperatures on Tensile Strength of
Zytel 77G33L

24,000

140
Tensile Strength, MPa

10,000

Tensile Strength, psi

Tensile Strength, MPa

80

Figure 140.

20

20,000
Tensile Strength, psi

Figure 138.

120
16,000
100
190C (374F)

80
60

170C (338F)
180C (356F)

12,000

8,000

40

2,000

4,000
20

0
0

Figure 139.

1,000

2,000
3,000
Exposure, hr

4,000

5,000

0
0

Effect of Air Oven Aging at Different

Temperatures on Tensile Strength of
Zytel 71G33L

Figure 141.

1,000

2,000
3,000
Exposure, hr

4,000

5,000

Effect of Air Oven Aging at Different

Temperatures on Tensile Strength of
Zytel 77G43L

180
200

24,000

160

28,000
180

20,000

16,000
100

159C (315F)

12,000

80
60

8,000

190C (374F)

40

170C (338F)

Tensile Strength, MPa

120

4,000

140

20,000
170C (338F)

120

16,000

180C (356F)

100

12,000

80
60

8,000

20
40

0
0

1,000

2,000
3,000
Exposure, hr

4,000

4,000

5,000

20
0
0

98

1,000

2,000
3,000
Exposure, hr

4,000

5,000

Tensile Strength, psi

24,000

160
Tensile Strength, psi

Tensile Strength, MPa

140

Section 10

Miscellaneous
Contents
Hardness
Abrasion Resistance
Frictional Properties
UL Recognition
Tolerances
Annealing
Moisture Conditioning
Quality Control
Government and Agency Approval
Specifications
Cementing and Adhesive Bonding

99

Miscellaneous
Hardness

Figure 142.

Hardness of nylon is usually reported in terms

of the Rockwell Hardness (ASTM D 785). It is
a measure of surface penetration with a steel ball
under specified loading and recovery conditions.
The Rockwell hardness scales that indicate indenter
diameter and load are identified by letters. R is
commonly used for the unreinforced nylon resins.
For harder materials, such as the reinforced nylons,
more severe conditions are used as imposed by the
M scale.

Resin Guide

130

1 0,
10 4
l 10B
e
t
Zy lon
in 0 2T
M 4 1
C
11 lon 08L
in 4
M l
te 801
Zy ST
l
te
Zy

G1

40

ST

Zy

l
te
Zy el
t
Zy
l
te
Zy

110

G1
71
5
10
1
10

te

70

Hardness of nylon 66, such as Zytel 101, seems

to fall in a range uniquely suited to its characteristics. Zytel 101 is hard enough to withstand severe
abuse and, at the same time, tough enough to exhibit
extraordinary abrasion resistance. Conversely,
Zytel 101 is soft enough to yield to thread forming
screws, while its high strength and creep resistance
act to form a tenacious grip on the threads.

Rockwell HardnessR Scale, ASTM D 785

Hardness of some nylon plastics is determined by

means of a durometer, which provides a measure
of the indention with a hardened steel indenter.

te

Zy

3
G3
71 13
l
te 0G
Zy l 7 13
e G
t
Zy 71
l
te
Zy

120

G4

77

l
te

8L

Zy

100
1

80

te

Zy

90

Resin Guide
Glass Reinforced Zytel nylon resins and Minlon
engineering thermoplastic resins have the highest
hardness values in the family of nylon materials.
All compositions based on nylon drop substantially
in hardness after long-term exposure to a humid
atmosphere. Hardness values are thus provided in
the tables for DAM and after equilibration to 50%
RH. Increasing temperatures result in lower hardness values.

80

81

ST

te

60

Zy

50
DAM

50% RH

Figure 142 shows the range of hardness values

for different nylon compositions in both the DAM
condition and after equilibration to 50% RH.
dimensions without wear. For example, worm gears
have operated more than 18 months with little or no
wear; whereas, metal gears in the same equipment
had the teeth worn to a knife edge in three to six
months.

Abrasion Resistance
Abrasion resistance of plastics is measured by a
variety of tests. For nylon, the usual test is the
nonstandard Taber abrasion adapted from ASTM
D 1044.

Zytel 42A, an extrusion grade nylon, and Zytel

158 nylon resin are even more resistant to abrasion
in the Taber test than Zytel 101.

Other tests have been used for measuring the

resistance to abrasion of plastic materials.

Figure 143 is a guide illustrating the rankings of

resins with respect to Taber abrasion. The glass
reinforced nylons, GRZ, and the mineral reinforced nylons, Minlon, show greater wear than
the unreinforced Zytel nylon resins.

Resin Guide
In all of these tests, the unreinforced Zytel resins
are outstanding among plastics in resistance to
abrasion. A resilient material like Zytel can
deform under load and return to its original

100

Figure 143.

Frictional Properties

Taber Abrasion

Zytel nylon resins have excellent frictional and

wear characteristics, and Zytel can be used without lubricant in many applications. However,
continuous or initial lubrication of the surface
extends the range of applicability.

A
Zy
t

el
42

The measured coefficient of friction depends upon

many variables, including equipment, temperature,
clearance, material, hardness and finish of the
mating surface. The values are also dependent on
pressure and velocity.

Zy Zy
Zy
te te
te
l l
l
ST 10
15
8
80 1
1

4
5
6
7

Data on coefficients of friction indicate that there is

little variation over a temperature range of 23 to
121C (73 to 250F) and rubbing velocities of 0.04
to 2.0 m/sec (8 to 400 ft/min). In any application
where friction is critical, it is recommended that
measurements be made under simulated operating
conditions.

8
9

13

10

RZ

11

Resin Guide

70

12

Coefficients of friction for Zytel 101 are shown in

Tables 39 and 40 for the conditions specified. The
coefficient of friction for Zytel ST is 0.29 and is
determined by using the Thrust Washer Test against
carbon steel, at a speed of 51 mm/sec (10 ft/min)
and 2.1 MPa (300 psi). The samples were conditioned to equilibrium moisture content at 50% RH.

70 M
M M M M
in in in in
G in
33 lo
lo lo lo lo
n
n n n n
10
22 11 12 20
B4
C C4 T B
0
0

Weight Loss, CS-17 Wheel, 1,000 g mg/1,000 cycles

13
14
22

50% RH, 23C (73F)

GRZ nylon resins retain much of the natural

lubricity and excellent wear resistance of unreinforced nylons. The static coefficients for Zytel
70G 13L and 70G33L range from 0.15 to 0.40.

In Table 38, the abrasion resistance of Zytel 101

nylon resin in both the Taber and the Ball Mill tests
is compared with other types of plastics. Zytel 101
shows far less material loss than any other plastic.

Coefficient of Friction of Minlon is in the same

range as that of the Glass Reinforced Zytel resins.
Table 39
Range of Coefficients of Friction of Zytel 101

Table 38
Comparing the Weight Loss of Various
Materials Relative to Zytel in Two Abrasion Tests
Material

Taber

Ball Mill

Zytel 101
Polystyrene (several types)
Terpolymer of Styrene,
Butadiene and Acrylonitrile
Cellulose Acetate
Cellulose Acetate Butyrate
Methyl Methacrylate
Melamine Formaldehyde
(molded)
Phenol Formaldehyde
(moldings)
Hard Rubber
Die Cast Aluminum
Mild Steel

1
920

1
1520

9
910
915
215

1020

1020
1020

1520

412

10
11
1520

Zytel on Zytel
No Lubricant
Max.
Min.
Zytel on Delrin
No Lubricant
Max.
Min.
Zytel on Steel
No Lubricant
Max.
Min.

Static
0.46
0.36

Dynamic
0.19
0.11

Static
0.20
0.13

Dynamic
0.11
0.08

Static
0.74
0.31

Dynamic
0.43
0.17

Normal pressure: 0.14 MPa (20 psi)

Sliding Speed: 0.48 m/sec (95 ft/min)
Temperature: 23C (73F)
Test Method: Thrust Washer
(Zytel at 2.5% moisture content50% RH)
Note: Low thermal conductivity of plastic on plastic
unlubricated parts reduces PV limit.

101

Table 40
Coefficient of Friction of Zytel 101

Recognition of plastic resins is based on performance indexes (indices) derived from testing unaged molded samples for such characteristics as
flammability, hot wire ignition, dielectric strength,
heat deflection, dimensional stability, tensile
strength and impact strength. UL also provides
temperature indexes based on long-term testing
of electrical and mechanical properties at temperatures above 50C (122F).

Battelle Memorial Institute; Neely, or

boundary film, testing machine;
surface speed = 0.8 m/sec (156 ft/min)
Lubricant
Dry
Water
Oil
Water
Oil
Water
Oil

Other
Surface

MPa

Zytel
Zytel
Zytel
Steel
Steel
Brass
Brass

7.2
7.2
7.2
7.2
10.7
7.2
10.7

Load
psi
1,050
1,050
1,050
1,050
1,550
1,050
1,550

Coefficient
of Friction
0.04 to 0.13
0.08 to 0.14
0.07 to 0.08
0.3 to 0.5
0.02 to 0.11
0.3 to 0.5
0.08 to 0.14

The temperature index is the temperature at which

the specific property will decrease to one-half its
original value after 60,000 hours exposure at that
temperature.
Table 41 provides UL ratings for the nylon family
of engineering resins based on properties most
commonly used by designers in selecting material
for electrical applications.

UL Recognition
Underwriters Laboratories, Inc. is an independent,
nonprofit testing laboratory whose primary function is fire safety evaluation of equipment and products. Many states and local governments require
UL certification before such items as electrical
appliances may be sold or installed within their
jurisdiction.

102

103

Glass-reinforced nylon 66
reinforced with 13 or 33% of short
glass fibers. Provides outstanding
tensile strength, stiffness,
dimensional stability. Lubricated
for improved machine feed and
mold release.

Zytel 70G13L
Zytel 70G33La

0.71
1.47
3.05

0.86
1.47
3.05

0.71
1.5
3.0
6.0

0.71
1.47
3.05
6.10

0.71
1.5
3.0
6.0

0.71
1.5
3.0

1.47
3.05

0.71
1.47
3.05

0.71
1.5
3.0
6.0

mm

0.028
0.058
0.120

0.034
0.058
0.120

0.028
0.06
0.12
0.24

0.028
0.058
0.120
0.240

0.028
0.06
0.12
0.24

0.028
0.06
0.12

0.058
0.120

0.028
0.058
0.120

0.028
0.06
0.12
0.24

in

105
120
120

105
105
105

125
125
125
125

125
125
125
125

125
125
125
125

140
140
140

125
125

130
130
130

125
125
125
125

Electrical,
C

65
105
105

65
65
65

65
75
75
75

65
75
75
75

65
75
75
75

95
110
110

75
75

65
105
105

65
75
75
75

Mechanical
With
Impact, C

Temperature Index

105
120
120

65
65
65

65
85
85
85

65
85
85
85

65
85
85
85

115
125
125

85
85

95
105
110

65
85
85
85

Mechanical
Without
Impact, C

94HB
94HB
94HB

7.9b
7
9

(continued)

94V-2
94V-2
94V-2

94HB
94HB
94V-2
94V-2

94HB
94HB
94HB
94HB

94V-2
94V-2
94V-2
94V-2

94V-2
94V-2
94V-2

94HB
94HB

94HB
94HB
94HB

94V-2
94 V-2
94V-2
94V-2

UL94
Flammability
Class

9
7
20

10
15
35
35

11.8
15
35
35

11.8
15
35
35

9.0
125
20

11
25

9
14
18

11.8
15
35
35

Hot Wire
Ignition, sec

Zytel 70G33L and 70G33HRL have been recognized by UL for coil bobbins of minimum thickness of 0.762 mm (0.030) for 130C (Class B).
8.2 for 70G33L
c These are examples only. See UL Yellow Card, available from your DuPont sales office, for complete information and current listing of DuPont resins.

Nylon 612 lubricated for improved

feed and mold release.

Zytel 151L

Weather resistant. Contains welldispersed carbon black for

maximum resistance to weathering.

Zytel 105 BK010A

High viscosity nylon 66 for extrusion

into rod, tubing and complex
shapes and molded into parts
for applications requiring high
impact resistance.

Heat stabilized for longer life at

high service temperatures.
Lubricated for improved machine
feed and mold release.

Zytel 103HSL

Zytel 42A

Toughened heat stabilized

nylon 66.

Zytel 408HS

Hydrolysis resistant for long-term

exposure to hot water. Lubricated
for improved machine feed.

Maximum toughness for a

modified heat stabilized nylon.

Zytel ST801HS

Zytel 122L

General Purpose nylon 66. Zytel

101 L is lubricated for improved
machine feed and mold release.

Key Property Characteristics

Zytel 101 and 101L

Nylon
Composition

Minimum
Thickness

Table 41
Examples of UL-Rated Zytel Nylon Resinsc

104

Glass-reinforced and hydrolysis

resistant.

Glass-reinforced modified
nylon 66 with 13% of short glass
fibers. Has additional toughness.
Lubricated for improved machine
feed and mold release.

Glass-reinforced modified
nylon 66 with 33% of short fibers.
For additional toughness and
dimensional stability. Lubricated
for improved machine feed and
mold release.

Glass-reinforced nylon 612 with

33% of short glass fibers.
Lubricated. Low moisture
absorption and improved
dimensional stability.

Glass-reinforced nylon 612 with

43% of short glass fibers.
Lubricated. Lowest moisture
absorption and maximum
dimensional stability.

Zytel 70G33HRLa

Zytel 71G13L

Zytel 71G33L

Zytel 77G33L

Zytel 77G43L

0.71
1.47
3.05

0.71
1.47
3.05

0.71
1.47
3.05

0.71
1.47
3.05

0.71
1.47
3.05

0.71
1.47
3.05

0.71
1.5
3.0

mm

0.028
0.058
0.120

0.028
0.058
0.120

0.028
0.058
0.120

0.028
0.058
0.120

0.028
0.058
0.120

0.028
0.058
0.120

0.028
0.06
0.12

in

105
120
120

105
120
120

65
65
65

65
65
65

105
120
120

115
125
130

105
120
120

Electrical,
C

65
65
65

65
65
65

65
65
65

65
65
65

65
105
105

95
105
105

65
105
105

Mechanical
With
Impact, C

Temperature Index

65
120
120

65
120
120

110
110
110

110
110
110

105
120
120

115
125
130

105
120
120

Mechanical
Without
Impact, C

7.9
14
26

8.3
6
10

9.8
5
9

7.4
7
9

11
6
9

9
6
9

8.6
9
15

Hot Wire
Ignition, sec

Zytel 70G33L and 70G33HRL have been recognized by UL for coil bobbins of minimum thickness of 0.762 mm (0.030) for 130C (Class B).
These are examples only. See UL Yellow Card, available from your DuPont sales office, for complete information and current listing of DuPont resins.

Glass-reinforced and heat

stabilized for longer life at high
service temperatures. Lubricated
for improved machine feed and
mold release.

Zytel 70G33HS1L

Glass-reinforced nylon 66 with 43%

of short glass fibers. Lubricated for
improved machine feed and mold
release.

Key Property Characteristics

Zytel 70G43L

Nylon
Composition

Minimum
Thickness

Table 41
Examples of UL-Rated Zytel Nylon Resinsb (continued)

94HB
94HB
94HB

94HB
94HB
94HB

94HB
94HB
94HB

94HB
94HB
94HB

94HB
94HB
94HB

94HB
94HB
94HB

94HB
94HB
94HB

UL94
Flammability
Class

105

Mineral-reinforced nylonhigh
impact strength, stiffness and
heat resistance.

Mineral-reinforced nylon
superior impact resistance.

The highest UL temperature

index and heat deflection
temperature of commerciallyavailable unreinforced V-0
nylon resins.

A stronger glass-reinforced
flame-retarded nylon, with
significantly better thermal
stability in processing.

Mineral-reinforced nylon resin

excellent electricals, high stiffness
and low warpage at low cost.

Minlon 11C40

Minlon 12T

Zytel FR10

Zytel FR50

Zytel FR70M30V0
0.75
1.5
3.0

0.75
1.5
3.0

0.71
1.47
3.05

1.57
3.05

0.81
1.57

0.71
1.5
3.0

mm

0.03
0.06
0.12

0.03
0.06
0.12

0.028
0.058
0.120

0.062
0.120

0.032
0.062

0.028
0.06
0.12

in

105
120
120

130
130
130

125
125
125

65
65

65
65

105
120
120

Electrical,
C

95
105
115

105
115
115

75
85
85

65
65

65
65

65
105
115

Mechanical
With
Impact, C

Temperature Index

105
115
115

105
115
120

80
90
90

65
65

65
65

65
115
115

Mechanical
Without
Impact, C

15
34
300+

300+
300+
300+

14
22
24

17
18

8.3
16

11
8
10

Hot Wire
Ignition, sec

* These are examples only. See UL Yellow Card, available from your DuPont sales office, for complete information and current listing of DuPont resins.

Mineral-reinforced nylonhigh
stiffness, dimensional stability
and high heat resistance.

Key Property Characteristics

Minlon 10B40

Nylon
Composition

Minimum
Thickness

Table 41
Examples of UL-Rated Zytel Nylon Resins* (continued)

94-5V

94V-2
94V-0

94V-0
94-5VA
94-5VA

94V-0
94V-0
94V-0

94HB
94HB

94HB
94HB

94HB
94HB
94HB

UL94
Flammability
Class

Tolerances

commercial and fine. Commercial tolerances are

those that can be obtained within normal production
costs. Fine tolerances are generally the closest
tolerances that can be held via the injection molding process and may increase part cost.

Tolerance is the amount of variation that can

be permitted in the dimensions of a plastic component while still enabling the component to function.
Dimensional variation is affected by a wide variety
of factors including resin composition, part design,
mold dimensions and condition, molding technique,
and others.

Resin Guide
Parts made of nylon resins may be manufactured
to the tolerance standards shown in Figure 144.

The degree of tolerance depends on the application

and can be divided into two general categories:
Figure 144.

Tolerances Standards and Practices

Engineering and
Technical Standards
Zytel Nylon Resins

Standards and Practices of

Plastics Custom Molders

Note: The Commercial values shown below represent common production tolerances at the most
economical level. The Fine values represent closer tolerances that can be held but at a greater cost.

Drawing
Code
A-Diameter
(see Note #1)

B-Depth
(see Note #3)

Dimension
(inches)

Plus or Minus in Thousands of an Inch (see Note #2)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28

0.000
0.500
1.000
2.000

Co

Fin

mm

erc

3.000

ial

4.000
5.000

C-Height
(see Note #3)

6.000
Comm.

Fine

.003

.002

.004

.003

.005

.003

0.000 to 0.125

.002

.001

0.125 to 0.250

.003

.002

0.250 to 0.500

.003

.002

6.000 to 12.000
for each additional
inch add (inches)
D-Bottom Wall
(see Note #3)
E-Side Wall
(see Note #4)
F-Hole Size
Diameter
(see Note #1)

G-Hole Size Depth

(see Note #5)

P
L

C
F

G
D

0.500 and Over

.005

.003

0.000 to 0.250

.004

.002

0.250 to 0.500

.004

.003

Reference Notes

0.500 to 1.000

.005

.004

1. These tolerances do not include allowance for aging

characteristics of material.

1-1/2

1/2

0.000 to 3.000

.010

.004

3.000 to 6.000

.015

.007

Draft Allowance
per side
(see Note #5)
Flatness
(see Note #4)

Thread Size
(class)

Internal

External

Concentricity
(see Note #4)

(T.I.R.)
in/in diameter

.010

.006

.020

.012

Fillets, Ribs, Corners

(see Note #6)
Surface Finish

(see Note #7)

Color Stability

(see Note #7)

2. Tolerances based on 1/8 in wall section.

3. Parting line must be taken into consideration.
4. Part design should maintain a wall thickness as nearly
constant as possible. Complete uniformity in this dimension
is impossible to achieve.
5. Care must be taken that the ratio of the depth of a cored hole
to its diameter does not reach a point that will result in
excessive pin damage.
6. These values should be increased whenever compatible with
desired design and good molding technique.
7. Customer-Molder understanding necessary prior to tooling.
SI Conversion
Inches 25.4 = millimeters

Copyright 1967
Courtesy of The Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc.
250 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10017

106

Where very close tolerances are necessary for the

part to function properly, the effects of stress relief
and moisture absorption as described in the previous section must be considered.

High boiling hydrocarbons, such as oils or waxes,

may be used as a heat-transfer medium if the
deposit left on the surface of the molded item is
not objectionable, as in the case of parts that
will be lubricated in use. In DuPont Laboratories,
Dow Corning 500, silicon oil and a variety of
high boiling inert mineral oils have been used for
annealing. Experimental work has also shown the
suitability of annealing in an oven using a nitrogen
atmosphere, although this does require special
equipment.

Most parts of Zytel GRZ and Minlon will require

no post-molding treatment such as annealing or
moisture conditioning. In the event end-use testing
indicates the need for post-molding treatment, or if
the part is to be exposed continuously to water or
very high humidity, then post-molding treatment
can be useful in achieving the desired dimensional
stability.

The heat-treating bath should be electrically heated

and thermostatically controlled to the desired temperature. For best thermal control, heat should be
supplied through the sidewalls as well as through
the bottom of the vessel. A large number of small
items is best handled by loading them into a wire
basket equipped with a lid to prevent the parts from
floating due to air entrapment and to keep them
from contacting the bottom and sidewalls.

Annealing. Close tolerance parts that will be

exposed constantly to high temperatures so that
only minimal moisture absorption will take place
may need to be stress relieved to prevent shrinkage
that would occur in the end use with time at the
elevated temperature. Annealing is discussed in
detail below.
Moisture Conditioning. Parts immersed in water
or exposed to continuous high humidity, or where
initial high level toughness is required, may require
moisture conditioning prior to use. Data on moisture conditioning follows.

Moisture Conditioning
At room temperature, moisture absorption will
occur slowly in parts of Zytel over a period of
time. This absorption will increase dimensions,
lower the stress level, increase the toughness and
reduce stiffness and tensile strength. To speed up
absorption, moisture can be added by immersing
in hot water. Like annealing, moisture conditioning
is used infrequently.

Because many factors affect dimensional change,

the best procedure for a critical application is to
check the performance of several molded parts
before and after annealing and moisture conditioning. This should suggest which post-molding
treatments, if any, are required.

Two general procedures are used for moisture

conditioning:
immersion in hot or boiling water
immersion in hot or boiling potassium acetate
solution

Annealing
When annealing of Zytel resin is required, which
it rarely is, it should be done in the absence of air,
preferably by immersion in a suitable liquid. The
temperature of the heat-treating liquid should be at
least 28C (50F) above the temperature to which
the article will be exposed in usea temperature of
149C (300F) is often used for general annealing.
This will ensure against dimensional change caused
by uncontrolled stress-relief occurring below this
temperature. The annealing time required is normally 15 minutes per 3.2 mm (1/8) of cross
section. Upon removal from the heat-treating bath,
the part should be allowed to cool slowly in the
absence of drafts; otherwise, surface stresses may
be set up.

Water Immersion
Beginning with DAM samples, Figure 145 shows
time vs. part thickness at several water temperatures to add 2.5% by weight moisture, which is
equivalent to the equilibrium moisture content at
50% RH for Zytel 101.
Figure 146 shows time vs. part thickness to reach
two levels of moisture in boiling water for Zytel
101.
Moisture is absorbed in the surface first. Thus, the
center of the section may be relatively dry while
the surface could be saturated, depending upon part
thickness, water temperature and time of immersion.

The choice of liquid to be used as the heattransfer medium should be based on the following
considerations:
Its heat range and stability should be adequate.
It should not attack Zytel.
It should not give off noxious fumes or vapors.
It should not present a fire hazard.

Where time is not a factor, Zytel nylon resin

parts are sometimes immersed in water at room
temperature to amplify initial toughness, usually
for assembly purposes. Figure 147 shows the rate
of moisture absorption for three thicknesses.
107

Potassium Acetate
Conditioning Technique

Time to Condition Zytel 101 to 2.5%

MoistureWater Immersion

This technique, unlike soaking in water, permits a

controlled absorption of water at less than the saturation level. No more than 2.5% moisture will
be absorbed, regardless of immersion time. This
procedure is more complex, but it is useful for
preparing test samples.

8
100C
(212F)

0.25

77C
(170F)

60C (140F)

0.19

4
0.13
2
0

0.06
0

12

16

Part Thickness, in

Part Thickness, mm

Figure 145.

Both methods have a common disadvantage in that

a long time is required to condition thick sections,
even under the accelerated conditions. Thicknesses
of 3.2 and 6.4 mm (1/8 and 1/4) require about
3 and 18 hours, respectively, in boiling water or
20 to 65 hours in potassium acetate solution for
conditioning. In greater thicknesses, incomplete
conditioning may be adequate because of the
extremely slow rate of further absorption in use
conditions.

20

Immersion Time, hr

Time to Condition Zytel 101 in Boiling

Water
0.5

10.16

0.4

Thickness, mm

12.70

To 3% Moisture

7.62

0.3
To Saturation

5.08

0.2

2.54

0.1

Because nylon parts will float in the potassium acetate solution, a wire basket is necessary to keep the
parts submerged and provides the added advantage
of preventing contact with the walls of the vessel.

Thickness, in

Figure 146.

Procedure
This method requires a heated vessel with a cover
and a reflux condenser. Using the ratio of 125
parts by weight of potassium acetate to 100 parts
by weight of water, a maximum of 2.5% of water
(equivalent to 50% RH) is absorbed by Zytel 101.
Unlike the previous method, additional time beyond
that required will not put in more moisture. Conditioning in potassium acetate solution is performed
at or near the boiling point of this solution, 121C
(250F), for maximum acceleration of the process.
See Figure 148 for data on the time required for
processing thicknesses up to 7 mm (0.28).

0
0.1

Figure 147.

10
Time, hr

100

1,000

Moisture Content vs. Time for Zytel

101 and Zytel 151L Immersed in Water
at 23C (73F)

10

Moisture Content, %

1.52 mm
(0.60 in) Thick

3.18 mm
(0.125 in) Thick

The problems with this procedure are the cost

of the potassium acetate and the need to maintain
the solution at the required concentration. This is
an excellent method for preparing test samples,
because a true equilibrium is established. It is not
suitable where electrical or burning characteristics
are to be studied because of absorption of small
amounts of potassium acetate on the surface.

Zytel 101
Zytel 151L

8
6.35 mm
(0.250 in) Thick

6
4
1.52 mm (0.60 in) Thick

3.18 mm (0.125 in) Thick

k
6.35 mm (0.250 in) Thic

0
0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

Time, days

108

Figure 148.

Zytel 101 NC010, the DuPont Company conducts

all tests listed in Tables 42 and 43. Thus, certifications to specifications containing such requirements
can be supplied.

Time to Absorb 2.5% Moisture for

Zytel 101 at 121C (250F) in Potassium
Acetate Solution (125 lb/100 lb water)

0.20

0.15

3
0.10

Thickness, in

5
Thickness, mm

Table 42
Specification Properties of Zytel 101 NC010

0.25

2
0.05

Property of
Zytel 101 NC010

ASTM
Method

Units

Melting Point
Specific Gravity
or Density
Relative Viscosity
Moisture Content

D 789
D 792
D 1505
D 789
D 789

g/cc

0
0

10

20

30

40

50

Required
Value
250260
1.131.15
4955
0.20 max.

Table 43
Specification Properties of Test Bars
Molded of Zytel 101 NC010

60

Time, hr

Quality Control

Property of
Zytel 101 NC010

An adequate system of quality control is basic

to the successful fabrication or use of nylon parts.
This involves, first, a verification of the identity of
nylon used. Then, those tests must be made which
are necessary to ensure that the part was properly
molded or extruded from the resin specified.

Tensile Strength

ASTM
Method

Units

D 638

MPa

76

Elongation

D 638a,b

50

Flexural Modulus

D 790b,c

MPa

2600

Deflection Temperature
under load
D 648d
at 66 psi
at 264 psi

A specification for molded parts is frequently

written in three parts:
Identification of plastic and definition of tests
Definition of quality of plastic material
Definition of part quality

Required e
Value, min.

C
210
68

Izod Impact Strength

D 256

J/m

50

Rockwell Hardness

D 785

R Scale

118

ASTM D 638 Type I Tensile Test Bars used (3.2 mm,

[0.125] thick). Tested at 50 mm/min (2.0 in/min) (speed C).
b In deviation from ASTM conditioning procedures, all bars
are tested DAM (<0.30% water). Immediately after molding,
bars are placed in dry moisture-proof containers. There is
not to be any intentional exposure to moisture.
c 5 1/2 1/4 Test bars used with a 4 span. Procedure B.
d 5 1/2 1/4 Test bars used.
e Some of these values are lower than the typical values
shown in the tables. Both processing and variability in test
procedure can affect physical property data obtained.

Material Identification
The need for a way to identify the nylon may be
met in part with melting point and specific gravity.
As a specific example, Table 42 lists values for
these characteristics of Zytel 101 NC010.
This particular combination of melting point and
specific gravity identifies an unmodified nylon 66.
Some modifications are outside of these ranges
and, of course, these characteristics say nothing
about stabilization, glass and mineral reinforcement, lubrication, etc. These may be handled by
additional requirements. Consult your DuPont
representative.

Definition of Part Quality

The part itself may be subject to appropriate quality
requirements. For convenience, these may be
grouped as follows.
Dimensions and Dimensional Stability
Limits on the essential dimensions are normally set
for any molding. In addition, limits may be set after
annealing in an inert oil. This ensures that moldedin stresses are kept to a minimum.

Definition of Quality Plastic

Materials
Relative viscosity and moisture content are conveniently measured on the resin itself, as indicated in
Table 42. Mechanical tests, as listed in Table 43,
are run on molded test specimens and serve to
indicate how the resin, if properly processed, is
capable of performing. For many resins, including

Part Weight
Monitoring part weight is an easy means of checking on the uniformity of a molding operation. Variations may indicate changes in part dimensions or
properties.
109

Physical Tests
Physical tests on molded or extruded parts are
highly recommended. These are usually, but not
necessarily, of the impact type. Energy-to-break
testing provides a means of measuring the energy
required to break a part when it is struck in a
carefully defined waymost meaningful if it
simulates critical conditions encountered in installation or service. Impact testing can also be
used simply to establish that degradation of the
resin has not occurred in the molding operation.
Other physical tests such as flexing or stretching,
etc., are used and are most often related to end use.

qualified in this respect changes frequently. DuPont

will provide the current status of specific regulations with respect to any member of the nylon
family of engineering resins on request.

Agencies Regulating Safety

United States Department of Health
and Human ServicesFood and Drug
Administration
Federal law, most notably the Food Additives
Amendment of 1958 to the Food, Drug & Cosmetic
Act, assigns to the FDA wide powers in the regulation of substances added to food. Of most concern
to the Plastics Industry are indirect additives,
e.g., those substances capable of migrating into
the food from a contacting plastic material.

All tests of this type, of course, require careful

control of moisture content and temperature as
well as the more obvious mechanical elements.

A number of Zytel nylon resins are in full compliance with the safety clearance issued by the FDA
as 21 CFR 177. 1500 and may safely and legally
be used in food packaging, handling and processing
applications. These include Zytel 101 NC010, the
lubricated version Zytel 101L NC010, and certain
other commercially and experimentally coded
resins. The nylon 612 grades such as Zytel 151
and 158 are permitted for repeated use applications
up to 100C (212F).

It should also be noted that these comments on enduse testing are intended only to make the reader
aware of its possibilities. Details have to be worked
out for each case with the help of appropriate texts
on testing and quality control.
Relative Viscosity (ASTM D 789)
Relative viscosity, a solution viscosity related to
molecular weight, is also a useful measure of the
quality of a nylon part. Toughness is a function
of molecular weight. A substantial reduction of
relative viscosity below that of the Zytel composition used is indicative of poor processing and may
cause reduced toughness. Thus, this test often
appears in end-user specifications. For accurate
results, careful laboratory procedures and practices
are necessary. A physical test to establish the
desired toughness level is always preferable.

Congress has also given the FDA broad powers over

drugs and medical devices. In this field, the FDA
regulates the drug or medical device itself rather
than materials per se. DuPont engineering plastics
are not offered for medical or surgical uses. We
will sell for such purposes only on receipt of formal
disclaimers accepting all responsibility for the selection of materials and assuring us of full compliance
with the Medical Service Amendments of 1976.

Appearance
Some of the factors affecting appearance are also
related to toughness and other elements of quality.
Ideally, a part should be without splay, burn marks,
flash, sinks, voids, contamination, unmelted particles and visible weld lines. Some judgment is
obviously required as these characteristics are
difficult to express on a quantitative basis, and
some, such as flash, sinks and voids may not impair
function. The surface finish can be described and
may be included.

United States Department of Agriculture

Consumer and Marketing Service
The USDA has jurisdiction over equipment used
in federally inspected meat and poultry processing
establishments and over the packaging materials
used for such products. Materials used in equipment are approved on an individual basis and several Zytel nylon resin compositions, including
Zytel 101, Zytel 408 and glass reinforced
Zytel 71G33L, have been accepted for specific
applications.

Use of standards with numerical ratings and

showing acceptable and nonacceptable parts are
useful in obtaining consistent evaluations.

Underwriters Laboratories, Inc.

UL is an independent, nonprofit testing laboratory
whose primary function is the evaluation for safety
of equipment offered for general sales. Its legal
basis is that many state and local governments
require that many items such as electrical appliances have UL recognition before they may be
sold and installed within their jurisdictions.

Government and Agency

Approval
Regulatory Considerations
In some applications, the material used must be
approved by or meet the requirements of various
government and private agencies. The list of resins
110

compliance. Type III is concerned with low moisture absorption nylons such as nylon 612. Zytel
151L, 153HSL, and 158L are among those certifiable. Except for the black resins under Type II, the
above applies to natural color (NC010) resins only.
Colored formulations present special problems that
should be discussed with your DuPont Engineering
Polymers Sales Office.

A number of DuPont resins have ratings of UL

94V-0, one of the most stringent ratings in the UL
criteria. See the section on UL for a further discussion of UL ratings and the section on Flammability
for more information on flammability tests.
National Sanitation Foundation
Testing Laboratory, Inc.
NSF is an organization dedicated to the public
health. The activities of most concern to the plastics
manufacturer and processor are the evaluation and
listing of food processing equipment and of plastic
pipe and fittings for potable water and of the plastic
materials themselves. Listings are based primarily
on acceptable taste, odor and toxicity ratings. The
following compositions are among those listed at
this time for fittings and appurtenances other than
pipe or fittings used for potable water:
Zytel 71G33L NC010
Zytel 101 NC010

Zytel 70G33HRL NC010

Zytel 408L NC010

Zytel 70G33L NC010 Zytel 77G33L NC010

Formal certifications can be provided if requested

with order. Consult your DuPont Engineering
Polymers Sales Office for the latest information on
resins that can be certified to these specifications.

Federal Specifications
The Federal Specifications of major concern are
L-P-395C on Plastic Molding and Extrusion
Material, Nylon, Glass Fiber Reinforced and
L-P-410A on Plastic, Polyamide (Nylon), Rigid:
Rods, Tubes, Flats, Molded and Cast Parts. Resins
in general compliance with the former include
Zytel 70G33L, 71G33L, 77G33L, 70G43L and
77G43L, but the availability of full certifiable
material should be checked with your DuPont
Engineering Polymers Sales Office before any
commitments are made. L-P-410A, as the title
indicates, covers stock shapes rather than the
resins themselves. Various compositions, including
Zytel 101 and 42A, may be used to produce stock
in compliance. However, this specification contains resin requirements different from those in
MIL-M-20693A and, again, your DuPont Engineering Polymers Sales Office should be consulted as to
the availability of certifiable resin.

3-A Sanitary Standard Committees

The 3-A Sanitary Standard Committees, comprised
of the International Association of Milk, Food and
Environmental Sanitarians, the United States Public
Health Service and the Dairy Industry Committee,
permit the use of plastic materials for multiple-use
product contact requirements and the cleanability
requirements established for this industry. Certain
Zytel nylon resins such as Zytel 101 NC010
meet these requirements.

Specifications

Specifications Issued by Technical

Societies

Military Specifications
Zytel

nylon resins are available that can be

verified to military specifications MIL-M-20693B
Molding Plastic, Polyamide (nylon), Rigid, MILP-22096B Plastic, Polyamide (nylon), Flexible
Molding and Extrusion Materials, and ASTM
D 4066-82.

ASTMThe major nylon types are categorized in

ASTM D 789 and D 4066. They are identified by
type and classified as to relative viscosity. Most of
the Zytel resins can be thus described. For example, Zytel 101, being a nylon 66 of RV about
50, is of Type I, Grade 2 in ASTM D 789, and in
ASTM D 4066 the designation is PA 111.

ASTM D 4066-82 supersedes the above MIL specs

for new designs.

SAEThe SAE issues a series of Aerospace

Material Specifications. Zytel 101 is in compliance with AMS 3617.

Under MIL-M-20693B, military designations

by Type are as follows:
Type I covers nylon 66. Zytel 101 and Zytel
101L are among the resins in full compliance and
may be so certified. Other compositions meet all
requirements and may be certified if the demand
warrants the necessary testing. Type IA describes
heat stabilized nylon 66 and Zytel 103HSL is in
compliance. Type II describes weather-resistant,
black nylon 66, with Zytel 105 BK010A in

Industrial Specifications
Many private firms, especially the automotive
companies, issue specifications covering the nylon
resins that they or their suppliers purchase. Many
standard and special compositions of Zytel, GRZ
and Minlon are approved to these specifications.
Consult your DuPont Engineering Polymers Sales
Office.
111

Cementing and Adhesive

Bonding

make contact while wet with aqueous phenol.

If the mating surfaces become separated or
dislocated after mating, more aqueous phenol
should be applied, even if the surfaces are still
tacky.

Occasionally, cementing or adhesive bonding is

used to join parts of Zytel nylon resin to others
of Zytel nylon resin or dissimilar materials such
as wood, metal or other plastics. This process
is particularly applicable when joining large or
complicated shapes. In these and other instances,
adhesive bonding is often the only solution to the
joining problem. It is best suited to low volume
production or for prototype purposes, because the
long, labor-consuming bonding procedure is not
easily or economically automated.

3. Uniformly clamp the mating surfaces together

under a pressure of approximately 10 psi. Higher pressures may be used, but the improvement
is negligible.
4. After clamping the surfaces together (spring
clamps are acceptable), immerse the joint in
boiling water. A curing time of about five minutes in boiling water should be sufficient to
form a permanent glue line in parts 3.2 mm
(1/8) in thickness. Slightly longer times should
be used for thicker sections. This time will
vary, of course, depending on the thickness
of the piece. It is recommended that the joint
be boiled until little or no odor of phenol is
detected when the joint is removed from the
water.

Regardless of particular adhesive used, the following general information applies to the assembly
technique of cementing Zytel nylon.
Lap joints or tongue and groove joints result in
a much stronger bond than butt joints. Good
contact is needed between the surfaces to be
joined. In general, the larger the surface area,
the stronger will be the joint.
In parts to be flexed, the plane of the joint should
be perpendicular to the line of the applied force.
For example, a beam subjected to a vertical load
should be assembled with an overlapped joint
having the cemented surfaces in a horizontal plane.
A fabricating fixture is desirable as it prevents
the dislocation of the surfaces after joining.

5. Air curing at room temperature, while requiring a longer time to set, has been found to be
a satisfactory method for many parts. This is
particularly true if the two parts to be cemented
can be snapped together or made with a tight
torque and groove joint, so that no clamping
is required. Several days are required to get
maximum joint strength, so a minimum of
four days should be allowed before the joint is
highly stressed. If faster curing is necessary,
the parts can be cured in a circulating air oven
at 66C (150F) for 30 minutes.

Nylon to Nylon
Three cements are particularly suggested for
joining nylon to nylon. Aqueous phenol cement,
resorcinol-ethanol solvent cement and nylon-bodied
calcium chloride-ethanol solvent cement produce
bonds that are nonembrittling, tough and quick
curing.

Warning! Both phenol and resorcinol (described

below) must be handled with care. Phenol is volatile, presenting a breathing hazard. Under OSHA
regulations 29 CFR 1910.1000, the 8-hour time
weighted average exposure limit for phenol is
5 ppm in air. Resorcinol is less volatile than phenol,
but adequate ventilation must be provided to avoid
inhalation of vapors.

Aqueous Phenol
Aqueous phenol containing 1015% water is the
most generally used cement for bonding Zytel
nylon resin to itself. It can be purchased in this
liquefied form with 1015% water from chemical supply houses, but must be used with caution.
The bond achieved by use of this cement is water
resistant, flexible, and has high strength.

To prevent contact with skin, operators should wear

goggles and impervious gloves and should take care
to prevent splashing on the skin or clothing. The
action of resorcinol is very much the same and
similar precautions should be taken. However, it
is less volatile and acts more slowly on the skin.
If either phenol or resorcinol comes in contact
with the skin, it must be promptly and completely
removed with copious amounts of water. In cases of
gross contact, medical attention should be obtained.

Directions for Use

1. Thoroughly clean and dry both mating surfaces.
2. If the parts fit together well, assemble them
immediately. If the fit is poor or loose at the
interface, wait two or three minutes after
application of the aqueous phenol before
assembling. This softens the surface and
helps in obtaining a satisfactory fit. It is extremely important that the mating surfaces

Neither phenol nor resorcinol should be used where

the end use involves contact with foods. For such
applications, use nylon-bodied calcium chlorideethanol.
112

Resorcinol-Ethanol
The most appealing attribute of a resorcinol-ethanol
solution as a solvent cement is its convenience in
use. Resorcinol is quite soluble in ethanol, and solutions for use as cements can be made by combining equal parts by weight of resorcinol (technical
or U.S.P. grade) and ethanol (95% or anhydrous
commercial ethyl alcohol) and stirring or shaking
at room temperature for 1520 minutes. A 50-50
solution is convenient to prepare and gives some
margin for the evaporation of ethanol in use. The
concentration is not critical.

a #10 screen and stir overnight. The resultant

solution is a clear, honey-like solvent cement
that will last indefinitely.

Directions for Use

1. Thoroughly clean and dry both mating surfaces.

2. After about 30 seconds, assemble the parts

and hold under contact pressure.

Finely ground Zytel 101 may be obtained from:

LNP Corporation
412 King Street
Malvern, PA 19355
Directions for Use
1. Paint the cement on the surfaces to be joined
with a brush or cotton applicator.

3. After 30 minutes, the joint can be lightly

handled, but 24 hours are required to attain
the full bond strength.

2. Paint the solution generously on both surfaces

with an ordinary, flat paint brush. The solution
has a very low viscosity, and run-off from the
painted surfaces is prevented by working the
brush over the surfaces two or three times.

Note: This solvent cement is not hazardous, and

no special precautions need to be taken to prevent
skin burns. It is especially useful for nylon resin
applications where nontoxicity is desirable.

3. After 2030 seconds, the two mating surfaces

soften enough so that they cannot be wiped
dry by a close fit. The generous application of
solvent and the waiting period are necessary
to ensure strong, tight joints. Longer waiting
periods (up to three minutes) will generally
improve joint strength.

Nylon to Metals
A variety of thermosetting adhesives can be used
to cement Zytel nylon resin to metals. The best
bonding procedures are usually based on the
manufacturers instructions. An example of a
bonding procedure is shown for Phenolweld #7.*

4. After the softening period, press the mating

surfaces together and clamp in place under light
pressure for 1015 minutes, at which time the
joint strength is adequate for light handling.
The bond reaches workable strength in about
90 minutes and approaches full strength in
24 hours. As with aqueous phenol, curing can
be accelerated by heating in a circulating air
oven at 66C (150F) for 30 minutes.

Phenolweld #7
1. Clean metal surface.
2. Apply resin to both surfaces.
3. Dry separately 1/4 hour at room temperature.
4. Clamp or press cemented surfaces together.
5. Press 1/2 hour at 144C (300F).

Warning! See warning under aqueous phenol.

Examples of adhesives used for bonding Zytel

nylon resin to a wide variety of substrates are listed
below:
Resiweld 7004Nylon to wood, metal and
leather
Resiweld 7006Nylon to metal and vinyl stock
H. B. Fuller Company
2400 Kasota Ave.
St. Paul, MN 55018

Nylon-Bodied Calcium Chloride-Ethanol

This adhesive may be used in applications involving foods and potable water supplies. It is not
corrosive or toxic and has no disagreeable odor.
There is no danger of skin burns.
The recommended formulation for this solvent
cement is 10 parts of Zytel 101 NC010, 22.5 parts
calcium chloride and 67.5 parts ethanol. Add 22.5
parts calcium chloride (analytical reagent grade) to
67.5 parts ethanol (95% or anhydrous commercial
ethyl alcohol) and shake for two hours or until the
calcium chloride is dissolved. Filter through a
fritted glass funnel to clarify the cloudy solution.
Add 10 parts of Zytel 101 NC010, ground to pass

Apco 5363
Applied Plastics Co., Inc.
612 East Franklin Ave.
El Segundo, CA 90245
* Hardman, Inc., 600 Cortland St., Belleville, NJ 07019

113

Index

114

Index

Abrasion Resistance 100

Agencies Regulating Safety
Annealing 107
Apparent Modulus 47
Appearance 110
Aqueous Phenol 112

Material Identification 109

Military Specifications 111
Minlon 7
Moisture Absorption 93
Moisture Absorption vs. Stress Relief
Moisture Conditioning 107

110

92

Bacteria and Fungi: Soil and Underground

Conditions 91
Basic Zytel Nylon Resins 2

National Sanitation Foundation Testing

Laboratory, Inc. 111
Nylon to Metals 113
Nylon to Nylon 112
Nylon-Bodied Calcium Chloride-Ethanol 113
Nylons, 612 3
66 2

C
Cementing and Adhesive Bonding
Chemical Properties 83
Creep and Recovery 46

112

P
Part Weight 109
Permeability 90
Phenolweld #7 113
Physical Tests 110
Poissons Ratio 42
Potassium Acetate Conditioning Technique 108
Product Overview 2
Properties Observed in Weathering Studies 78

D
Definition of Part Quality 109
Definition of Quality Plastic Materials 109
Dimensional Effects 91
Dimensions and Dimensional Stability 109

E
Electrical Properties

69

Quality Control

Fatigue Resistance 60
Federal Specifications 111
Flame Retarded Zytel Nylon Resins 8
Flammability 76
Flexural Modulus 44
Frictional Properties 101

109

R
Radiation 91
Recovery 48
Regulatory Considerations 110
Relative Viscosity (ASTM D 789) 110
Relaxation 48
Resin Guide 41, 44, 60, 63, 76, 95, 100,
101, 106
Resorcinol-Ethanol 113

G
Glass Reinforced Zytel Nylon Resins 6
Government and Agency Approval 110
Governmental Regulations 76

Sanitary Standard Committees, 3A 111

Shear Strength 41
Specific Heat and Thermal Conductivity 74
Specifications 111
Specifications Issued by Technical Societies 111
Stress and Strain 30
Stress Relief 91

Hardness 100
Heat Deflection Temperature 74
Hot Water and Steam Resistance 82

I
Impact Resistance 63
Industrial Specifications 111
Introduction 2

115

Temperature/Time Resistance 95
Tensile Strength 40
Tension and Compression 40
Test Data (ASTM D 638) 30
Test Method 96
Thermal Expansion and Contraction 73
Thermal Properties 73
Tolerances 106
Toughened Zytel Nylon Resins 4

Water Immersion 107

Weather Resistance 78
Weather Resistant Grades
Glass Reinforced Zytel Nylon Resin 78
Minlon Engineering Thermoplastics 78
Zytel Nylon ResinToughened 78
Zytel Nylon ResinUnreinforced 78
Weathering in Various Locations
Arizona 78
Delaware 79
Florida 78

U
UL Recognition 102
Underwriters Laboratories, Inc. 110
United States Department of Agriculture
Consumer and Marketing Service 110
United States Department of Health and
Human ServicesFood and Drug
Administration 110

X
X-W Weather-Ometer

79

Y
Yield Strength 40

Z
Zytel Nylon Resins for Extrusion

116

117

Start
with
DuPont
For more information on
Engineering Polymers:

(302) 999-4592

For Automotive Inquiries:

(800) 533-1313

U.S.A.

Asia Pacific

Japan

East

DuPont Asia Pacific Ltd.

P.O. Box TST 98851
Tsim Sha Tsui
Kowloon, Hong Kong
852-3-734-5345

DuPont Kabushiki Kaisha

Arco Tower
8-1, Shimomeguro 1-chome
Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153
Japan
(011) 81-3-5434-6100

DuPont Engineering Polymers

Chestnut Run Plaza 713
P.O. Box 80713
Wilmington, DE 19880-0713
(302) 999-4592

Canada
DuPont Canada, Inc.
DuPont Engineering Polymers
P.O. Box 2200
Streetsville, Mississauga
Ontario, Canada L5M 2H3
(905) 821-5953

Mexico

DuPont Engineering Polymers

100 Corporate North
Suite 200
Bannockburn, IL 60015
(708) 735-2720
West

Europe

South America

DuPont Engineering Polymers

2030 Main Street, Suite 1200
Irvine, CA 92714
(714) 263-6233

DuPont de Nemours Intl S.A.

2, chemin du Pavillon
P.O. Box 50
CH-1218 Le Grand-Saconnex
Geneva, Switzerland
Tel.: ##41 22 7175111
Telefax: ##41 22 7175200

DuPont America do Sul

Al. Itapecuru, 506
AlphavilleCEP: 06454-080
BarueriSao Paulo, Brasil
Tel.: (055-11) 421-8531/8647
Fax: (055-11) 421-8513
Telex: (055-11) 71414 PONT BR

Midwest

Automotive

DuPont Engineering Polymers

Automotive Products
950 Stephenson Highway
Troy, MI 48007-7013
(313) 583-8000

DuPont S.A. de C.V.

Homero 206
Col. Chapultepec Morales
11570 Mexico D.F.
(011 525) 250-8000

The data listed here fall within the normal range of properties, but they should not be used to establish specification limits nor used alone as the basis of
design. The DuPont Company assumes no obligations or liability for any advice furnished or for any results obtained with respect to this information.
All such advice is given and accepted at the buyers risk. The disclosure of information herein is not a license to operate under, or a recommendation to
infringe, any patent of DuPont or others. DuPont warrants that the use or sale of any material that is described herein and is offered for sale by DuPont
does not infringe any patent covering the material itself, but does not warrant against infringement by reason of the use thereof in combination with other
materials or in the operation of any process.
CAUTION: Do not use in medical applications involving permanent implantation in the human body. For other medical applications, see DuPont
Medical Caution Statement, H-50102.

232409D Printed in U.S.A.

[Replaces: H-58636]
Reorder No.: H-58636 (R195.10)

DuPont Engineering Polymers