Descriptive review of Crime and system for investigation and detection

Criminal tracking network system of crime and criminals.

(CCTNS)

Siddharth Shankar (08BM8045)

&
Anand Saurabh (08BM8047)
Introduction:

The current governance of the Indian

police force is based on the Police Act

Abstract:
of 1861. The structure in the police
The paper aims to introduce to the
force is strictly hierarchical. Decision
reader the new data warehousing
making in Indian police system is
system that is being set up by the
mainly centralized with high rank
ministry of home affairs (MHA)
officers. The police come under a
namely: Crime and criminal tracking
State subject as per the constitution.
network and system (CCTNS).The
The main responsibilities of police
paper describes current Indian police
force in India is 1) maintaining routine
system. It looks at various IT based
law and order 2) controlling riot 3)
application being used at police
investigating crime 4) protecting
organisation across India. The paper
assets of state and people 5) VIP
gives module wise descriptive analysis
protection and 6) Traffic control. [13]
of CCTNS. CCTNS aims at creating an

integrated system for enhancing

Currently Indian police does not have
effectiveness of policing by the
any advanced data-warehousing
adoption of principle of e-Governance.
capabilities. Use of information
It will create nationwide networking
technology in processing and day to
infrastructure for IT enabled tracking
day activities at police head-quarters

is not optimal. Some state police is

having good official website but they There are some IT based application

provide limited functions. For developed by various police

example, Mumbai police has an official organisation and state police.

web site www.mumbaipolice.org. Appendix-1 gives detail of various

Information about all applications for application developed by National

issue of various licenses, passport, Crime and Record Bureau (NCRB). [16]

verification, missing items and Similar applications are also has been

persons , information about traffic developed and being used by many

related issues, passport status state police.

information, daily arrested persons In short, there is lot of scope of

and crime press, important event and improvement in adoption of

notices, weather updates and know Information technologies based

your law etc are available. Similarly solution to improve the efficiency and

Delhi police website also contains effectiveness of Indian police system.

information regarding crime control,

Safety Tips, missing personal etc.[14] Under the National e-Governance Plan

of Govt. of India various project has

been started. Crime and Criminal

Tracking Network & Systems (CCTNS)

is one of them. As per National Crime

record Bureau (NCRB), this project

aims at “ Creating a comprehensive

and integrated system for enhancing

the efficiency and effectiveness of

Figure: Delhi police website: showing policing through adopting of principle

various modules [15] of e-Governance and creation of a

nationwide networking infrastructure

for evolution of IT-enabled-state-of- 8. Reduce manual Records keeping at

the-art tracking system around various police agencies.

'Investigation of crime and detection

of criminals”[1] Literature Survey:

Approximately 14,000 Police Stations CCTNS is currently under

throughout the country has been implementation phase and expected

proposed to be automated under the to be completed by 2012. The NCRB

CCTNS Project by 2012. (National Crime and Records Bureau)

site provides with introduction and

Following are the objectives of CCTNS
objective of CCTNS. It gives a detailed
as per NCRB official site. [1]
timeline of initiation and progress of
1. Make the functioning of police more
CCTNS. NCRB also gives various links
transparent and citizen friendly.
to tenders, Expression of interests,
2. Improve delivery of various services
guidelines and specification
by effective usage of ICT.
documents. [1]
3. Provide tools, technology and

information to help investigation of The Functional Requirement

crime and detection of criminals. Specifications (FRS) documents

4. Improve functioning of Law and contain details about the modules of

Order, Traffic Management. CCTNS. The various modules include

5. Facilitate sharing of Information the following: registration module,

among all Police Agencies. Investigation module, Prosecution

6. Provide assistance to senior Police module, search module, citizen

Officers in doing better management interface module, Navigation module

of Police Force. and configuration module.

7. Monitor the progress of various

The registration module deals with
police activities and court cases.
registration of the complaint by the
citizens, logging and generation of providing data and functionalities to

unique ID for every complaint, police staff as per their roles.

assigning of personnel for a specific

The navigation Module describes the
complaint and tracking the complaint
interface the system provides to the
to closure.
staff once they log into the system. It

The investigation module is where the also provides various options present

details of the crime details, chance to each one of them.

finger prints and investigation details

Finally the Citizen Interface Module
are captured. The arrest details are
provides a point of contact for the
also captured using this module.
interaction between citizens and

The prosecution module is designed to police. It increases the efficiency and

act as a conduit of police department cuts the red tape for day to day need

with the judicial system. This module of citizens interacting with police.

helps the user track the status of

The capacity building guideline
cases currently in progress in the
document provides states with
courts.
framework on which the states could

The search module enables the police plan their basic activities. It also

to retrieve/update information about provides guideline for initiatives for

the cases. The information based on which funding would be made

crime, accused details etc can be available in during FY09-10.The

obtained through simple querying. objective is to empower the direct

users and other stakeholders to use it

The configuration module comprises of
best possible manner leading to
functionalities required for the
effectiveness of entire system.
administration to help maintain the

system on day to day basis. The Above all, national news channels and

configuration module helps in ministry of home affairs are providing

updates on CCTNS on regular basis. prepare response, property

Cabinet Committee on Economic information, register complaint,

Affairs (CCEA) has approved the complete registration and close

project and an allocation of Rs. 2000 complaint.

corers has been made and Expression

The login page can be accessed by
of Interest (EOS) has been invited from
people from multiple roles from the
various the Software developers. [1]
police force like SHO, IO, DO, SW

(Station writer), CC (Court constable)

and DEO (Data entry operator). Based

Descriptive Analysis of Modules
on the role of the person logging in,
Following are the modules of CCTNS. :-
the access is restricted to the relevant

1. Registration Module pages.

2. Investigation Module The general service petition page is

used to enter data when citizen

3. Prosecution Module
reaches a police station to file a

4. Search Module request. When the details of the

request are entered into the system

5. Citizen interface Module
by police personnel with requisite
6. Navigation Module
access a unique number is generated

7. Configuration Module for the petition.

We will be discussing them one by When a request is filed in the system a

one. response has to be generated for it.

Whenever general petitions are filed

Registration Module:
by the citizens the required response

The registration module consists of the is generated by sending generation of

login page, General Service petition, reports like no object certificates and
then the request is sent to relevant registration place, duty officer and

authorities whose response is investigation officer are entered

required. manually. The information about the

witness, victim and the accused are

Property information page enables the
also captured here. The system
police capture data on
captures other case specific details.
Unclaimed/Abandoned property. The

data which are captured are Number The complete registration page

of the property, details, acts, section enables the user to create FIR (First

code, seizure place, date/time, witness information reports), zero FIR, NCR

details and other information. The (Non cognizable reports), complaint

page allows the user to capture details report and final report of juvenile

about property type, automobiles and crime. The system helps in exporting

human parts (like kidneys eyes). The the reports into pdf formats for easy

system also tries to associate the comprehension.

missing property with a case and tries

The close complaint page enables the
to solve the case. There is also an
user to close cases which do not go to
option to search by various
investigation stage. Here the final
parameters.
report is generated immediately after

Register complaint page helps the complaint is registered and the case is

police to capture information when the closed.

citizens (or police themselves) come

to them regarding incidents like theft,

Prosecution Module:
robbery, murder or other disputes. The

user assigns data related to section The prosecution module consists of

and acts. The information like submit trial date, split case, alert
occurrence place, reported place, senior officers and order
reinvestigation. The prosecution to prosecute the people who have

module acts as conduit between the been caught.

police and the courts where the case

Alert and MIS for senior officers are to
is happening.
inform the senior police officials about

The submit trial date update capture the cases that are getting prosecuted

the data on the activities on the trial in the courts. Usually the alerts are for

day. The details about the activities cases which are grave in nature and

that happened in the court are have to be informed. The alert is

updated. Some of the information are sounded when the senior police official

the number of witnesses who logs into his system.

appeared, number who did not etc.

Order for reinvestigation comes into
The data on next trial date is also
effect when the courts order the same.
captured. Some of the data include
The user enters the data like name of
the next trial date, collect evidence,
court, court order detail, court order
alert witness, summons and warrants
date, court order receive date and
to be executed, bail petition, to appeal
investigating officer details. The
or not etc.
system then informs the investigating

Split case page enable the user to split officer when he logs into the system.

cases logically when accused have not

been apprehended or the case is

Citizen Interface module:
happening in different courts. When a

particular accused is not apprehending The citizen interface module acts as

while the rest of them have been, then an interface between the citizens and
the system enables a user to create a police. It also helps in increasing the
new FIR for the person not efficiency by cutting the red tape
apprehended. This enables the police involved. The module consists of
Register complaints and receives the police and also allows citizens to

acknowledgement, conduct a query, contribute intelligence information

apply/ seek status of NOC and provide anonymously.

feedback to the police.

The register complaint helps in

Search Module:
registering non emergency complaints
The search module enables the user to
and also gets an acknowledgement of
retrieve information about cases that
the same. The citizens can also view
can be reviewed and updated. The
status of the complaint and get copies
search module has quick search and
of the case documents.
advanced search features. There is
The query page helps the citizens get
also an option to save and retrieve
information from the system based on
queries.
a number of parameters. The citizens
In the quick search page, the user
can get data on missing persons,
enters data like FIR number, Date
status of a case, stolen property,
range, Beat area, interval and type of
abandoned property, crime profile of
case. The search gives the results
an area, most wanted persons in an
page with the option of exporting the
area and information on police station
results to PDF or excel.
trends.

In the advanced search option the

The module also enables the citizens
user will be able to retrieve
to apply for no clearance certificates
information based on type of crime,
(NOC) and also seek status for the
accused details, property details,
same.
victim details and modus operandi. All
Finally the feedback page enables
the options have the feature of
citizens to give general information to

the police, register complaints against

viewing the results either by suspects occurrence, direct and distance from

or by cases. police station can be entered by the

duty officer.

Station writer is responsible for report

Navigation Module:
writing and data related to cases.
The navigation module consists of the
When a station writer logs into the
functionalities which are available to
system, he lands in the page with
each user based on their role in the
following tabs namely: FIR number,
police force. The roles which have
Select area, category, date range and
been defined are IO, SHO, duty officer
yearly/monthly/weekly. The station
(DO), station writer (SW), court
writer can generate reports containing
constable (CC), SSP and senior officer.
data on pending arrests, registered

When an IO and SHO logs into the cases, charge sheet, court disposal

system, he can access information and summons.

related to list of cases. Also he can

The court constable is responsible for
view information on cases under
duties related to court work. When he
investigation and trial; administration
logs into the system he can view the
related work, calendar, and court
court appointment schedule tab which
related work.
contains data related to court, date of

A duty officer is responsible for trial, FIR number, activity, and case

entering details about a complaint. description. He can also view the

When a duty officer logs in to the report summary for the categories like

systems he is taken to the registration charge sheets, court disposal,

page where details like registration warrants and summons.

date, IO name, IO code, case type, act,

The SSP and senior officer can view
local act, section, date, time, place of
the tasks which are pending and
status of various tasks. He can view In the finger print page, the FP experts

data related to open, closed, send the reports to the police station

reopened, and disposed cases. The after analysing the crime scene. The

senior officer will also be able to data in the reports are entered into

generate reports on various types like the system. The date of capture,

general service requests, summons, captured by and the scanned copy of

warrants, registered cases and charge the finger print which can be enlarged

sheets. are entered into the system.

As the investigation proceeds and

more information come into light

Investigation Module:
these have to be entered into the
The investigation module consists of
system. This is done through the
capabilities to capture information
investigation page where new
related to crime including crime
information on witness, accused,
details, chance finger print details and
victim, property and motive can be
investigation details. It also helps in
updated. The user can also view the
preparing arrest report and remand
current status of the case with options
report.
like details collected, evidence

In the crime details form information collected, charge sheet created and

that are gathered at the crime scene arrests made.

are entered into the system. The

The module also helps the police force
information that are captured include
in preparing the arrest report, remand
date, motive, victim, accused if exists,
report/judicial custody report and
witnesses, place of occurrence and
property seizure form. The module
possible suspect gangs.
helps in interacting with external

agencies like forensic science lab

(FSL), finger print bureau (FPB), RTO in Configuration Module:

case of accidents, Post mortem,

The configuration module helps the
hospitals, medico legal case (MLC),
administration in maintaining the
excise officer and hospitals. The
system on a daily basis. The module
module helps in preparing request
consists of configuration of
forms for each of these parties as
acts/sections, additional data
required by the case.
elements to state acts/sections,

The module also helps in entering the MO/Property type/castes/tribes Police

data into the system based on the organization, court/FSB/FSL,

reports from the external agencies like templates, case specific service levels

FSL, FPB, RTO, excise officer, RTO, and users.

MLC and hospitals. The information is

In the configuration of acts/sections
entered into the system for each of
the user can update the system with
these categories by the user.
addition of new acts and sections. The

The module helps in preparing inquest user can also delete old acts and

report and the final charge sheet for a sections. The user should update the

particular case. The module has act number and section number in the

capabilities of alerting the senior relevant sections. The module also has

officer and SSP with regards to the flexibility to update the sections based

status of the case. The case can be on local need which come from

transferred to another station if it does individual police stations.

not come under its jurisdiction. The

The user will be able to add/delete
module also helps in maintaining
new MO/castes/tribes/property type as
checklist and alerts to finish tasks
per the needs of the situation. The
before stipulated time.
user enters the data manually. The

module helps in changing the police

organization structure by adding new administration and every state have

districts and beats. These changes some record keeping applications.

take place at the instance of local There is an obvious need for

authorities. The user is able to nationwide centralised record keeping

view/change the roles associated with system using latest Information

a police station using this module. technology. CCTNS aims at creating an

integrated system for enhancing

The user information can be configured
effectiveness of policing by the
by adding a user, changing the role of
adoption of principle of e-Governance.
a user and resetting the password.
[1] It will create nationwide
Other information like name, ID, role,
networking infrastructure for IT
date of enlistment, caste and
enabled tracking system for
educational qualification can also be
investigation and detection of crime
entered.
and criminals. The Government of
Finally the module also provides
India is taking CCTNS project
capabilities to configure the
seriously. It has been aimed to be
court/FSL/FBP and templates
completed by 2012. Already an
according the needs of the police
allocation of Rs. 2000 crores has been
force.
made for CCTNS Project.

Conclusion

The current Indian police system is

hierarchal and mostly centralised and

the use of Data-warehousing and

Information Technology is limited.

Police comes under the state

References 13.www.votemumbai.org/policereforms
/.../The%20Indian%20Police
%20System-%20A
Link to various sites and document
%20Summary.pdf
used in paper are
14.http://www.mumbaipolice.org/

1. http://ncrb.nic.in/CCTNS.htm 15.http://www.delhipolice.nic.in/

2. http://igovernment.in/site/India- 16.http://ncrb.nic.in/itresourcecentr
to-apply-IT-enabled-US-model- e.htm
security-system/

3. www.tnpolice.gov.in/pdfs/cctns_240
9.pdf

4. http://www.egovonline.net/articl
es-list/47/8113-
cctnsconnecting-police.html

5. www.chandigarhpolice.nic.in/TENDE
R/CCTNS/Tender%20index.pdf

6. http://netindian.in/news/2010/0
3/11/0005718/chidambaram-
calls-completion-cctns-2012

7. http://igovernment.in/site/wb-
gearing-cctns-roll-out-37036

8. http://www.24dunia.com/english
-news/shownews/0/CCTNS-
project-to-enhance-crime-
investigation-
Chidambaram/5764664.html

9. http://e-pao.net/GP.asp?
src=1..230310.mar10

10.http://www.neytri.com/tcs-infy-
wipro-ibm-to-bid-for-rs-2000-cr-
online-fir-project/

11.http://www.currentitmarket.net/
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up-for-criminal.html

12.http://www.mynews.in/Chidamb
aram_calls_for_Completing_CCT
NS_Project_on_Schedule_N4041
9.html
 APPENDIX-1

SOFTWARE APPLICATIONS DEVELOPED BY POLICE

ORGANISATIONS / AGENCIES [16]

Org. ORGANIS SOFTWARE SCOPE ENVIRONMENT

ATION
NCRB NATIONAL CRIME IN CRIME IN WINDOWS/ACCESS
CRIME INDIA INDIA,
RECORDS DATA
BUREAU ENTRY,
VALIDATIO
N, &
TABLE
GENERATI
ON
NCRB NATIONAL MOTOR - WINDOWS/ACCESS/VIS
CRIME VEHICLE UAL BASIC
RECORDS COORDINATI
BUREAU ON SYSTEM
(MVCS)
NCRB NATIONAL FORENSIC - WINDOWS/ACCESS/VIS
CRIME SCIENCE UAL BASIC
RECORDS LABORATOR
BUREAU Y SYSTEM
(FSL)
NCRB NATIONAL JAIL - WINDOWS/ACCESS/VIS
CRIME MANAGEME UAL BASIC
RECORDS NT SYSTEM
BUREAU (JMS)

NCRB NATIONAL PROSECUTIO - WINDOWS/ACCESS/VIS

CRIME N UAL BASIC
RECORDS MANAGEME
BUREAU NT SYSTEM
NCRB NATIONAL TALASH - WINDOWS/SQL/VISUAL
CRIME SYSTEM BASIC
RECORDS
BUREAU
NCRB NATIONAL POLICE - WINDOWS/ACCESS/VIS
CRIME STATION UAL BASIC
RECORDS MANAGEME
BUREAU NT SYSTEM
NCRB NATIONAL CULTURAL - WINDOWS/ACCESS
CRIME PROPERTY
RECORDS SYSTEM
BUREAU
NCRB NATIONAL ACR - WINDOWS/ACCESS
CRIME TRACKING
RECORDS SYSTEM
BUREAU
NCRB NATIONAL PAYROLL - WINDOWS/ACCESS
CRIME SYSTEM
RECORDS
BUREAU
NCRB NATIONAL TRAINING - WINDOWS/ACCESS
CRIME MANAGEME
RECORDS NT SYSTEM
BUREAU

NCRB NATIONAL INVENTORY - WINDOWS/ACCESS/VIS

CRIME MANAGEME UAL BASIC
RECORDS NT SYSTEM
BUREAU

NCRB NATIONAL PERSONNEL - WINDOWS/ACCESS/VIS

CRIME INFORMATIO UAL BASIC
RECORDS N SYSTEM
BUREAU

NCRB NATIONAL FIRE ARMS - WINDOWS/ACCESS/VIS

CRIME COORDINATI UAL BASIC
RECORDS ON SYSTEM
BUREAU (FACS)

NCRB NATIONAL DOSSIER - WINDOWS/ACCESS/VIS

CRIME SYSTEM FOR UAL BASIC
RECORDS MP POLICE
BUREAU
NCRB NATIONAL PRISON PRISON WINDOWS/ACCESS/CLI
CRIME STATISTICS STATISTIC PPER
RECORDS SYSTEM S OF
BUREAU INDIA,
DATA
ENTRY,
VALIDATIO
N&
REPORTS