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Combined Footing Irregular Coulmn

This document summarizes the design of a combined footing supporting four columns. It provides the loads and moments on the columns, then outlines the design process in six steps: 1) determining footing dimensions, 2) checking the area, 3) determining the footing position and shape, 4) checking maximum soil pressure, 5) designing moment reinforcement, and 6) checking shear capacity. The final footing dimensions are 5 meters by 3.75 meters with minimum reinforcement of 18 mm diameter bars at 125 mm centers. Shear links of 8 mm diameter bars at 50 mm centers are also specified.

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Khalid Banafa
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455 views6 pages

Combined Footing Irregular Coulmn

This document summarizes the design of a combined footing supporting four columns. It provides the loads and moments on the columns, then outlines the design process in six steps: 1) determining footing dimensions, 2) checking the area, 3) determining the footing position and shape, 4) checking maximum soil pressure, 5) designing moment reinforcement, and 6) checking shear capacity. The final footing dimensions are 5 meters by 3.75 meters with minimum reinforcement of 18 mm diameter bars at 125 mm centers. Shear links of 8 mm diameter bars at 50 mm centers are also specified.

Uploaded by

Khalid Banafa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Design of footing

Combined
footing

Combined footing:6.6. Design of combined footing:


Here in this project we have four-combined footing below the following
columns:
1. Column (B 1) & column (C 1).
2. Column (B 2) & column (C 2).
3. Column (B 8) & column (C 8).
4. Column (B 9) & column (C 9).
The following design is of the second one and the given data are from
Computer analysis program (SAP2000), where the average safety factor is 1.44:
Table (6.6) Loads & moment on combined footing:

Column 1 ( C 8 )

Deign load
Ultimate
Working
Nu ( KN )
Nw ( KN )
1175.331
816.202

Column 2 ( B 8 )

1598.166

1109.838

2773.497

1926.040

Columns

Moment @ x-x
Ultimate
Working
Mux(KN.M)
Mwx (KN.M)
2.440
1.694
-3.790

-2.632

6.6.1. Designing:
Step 1: Determination of footing dimension:
Determination of required height :
Effective depth d = 10 Nu
D = 10 2531.12 = 526.6 mm.
h = Clear cover + effective height + / 2.
= 526.6 + 40 + 18 / 2 = 575.6 mm.
Say h = 600 mm.
dmax = 600 40 18 / 2 = 551 mm.
dmin = 600 40 18 18 / 2 = 533 mm.
: Determination of required area
A = (NW + self-weight of footing) / Pb.
Assume A = B * L.
:. B * L = (NW + Ncw) / Pb
= (NW + f * hf * b * L) / Pb
= Nw / [Pb (f * hf) (s * hs)],

Moment @ y-y
Ultimate
Working
Muy(KN.M)
Mwy(KN.M)
2.190
1.521
-0.245

-0.170

Design of footing

Combined
footing

Where:
Nw Working load which transferred from building.
Nfw Working load of footing = 8% of working load.
Pb = Soil bearing capacity = 120 KN /m2.
:. B * L = 1926.04*1.08 / 120
= 17.33 m2.
Say provided area = A = 5.00 * 3.75 = 18.75 mm2. (Rectangular footing).

Step 2: Check for Area:


A = Total working load / Soil bearing capacity
A = (NW + Ncw) / Pb
= (NW + f * hf * b * L) / Pb
= (1926.04 + 24 * 0.6 * 5.00 * 3.75) / 120
= 1926.04 + 270 = 2196.04 / 120 = 18.30 mm2 < 18.75 mm2. [OK]
The cross-section is satisfactory.

Step 3: Determination of footing position and shape:


Moment @ x-axis :
Take for moment in clock-wise positive sign
1.694+ (816.202*0.15) 2.632 = 1926.04 * e
e = 0.0631 mm.
Since the eccentricity is very small, so we can neglect it.
Moment @ y-axis :
Take for moment in clock-wise positive sign
Resultant load = R = 1109.838 + 816.202 = 1926.04KN.
1109.838 * 2.05 + 1.521 0.170 = R * x1
x1 = 2276.52 / 1926.04 = 1.18 m.
e = (L/2) - (1.18+1.4)
= (5/2) - (1.18+1.4) = -0.08
Fig (6.6) Section of
Combined footing about x-axis

Design of footing

Combined
footing

Fig. (6.7)Section of combined footing about y-axis

Step 4: Check for maximum soil pressure:

Fig (6.8) Final shape and position of combined footing

Design of footing

Combined
footing

Moment in clock wise in positive sign:


Pmax = Nwt / A +(Rw.e* x / Iy-y) + ((Myw1 + Myw2) * x / Iy-y) - ((Mxw1 + Mxw2 )* y / Ix-x)
where:
Nwt = Nw + Nfw
Nfw = 24 * 0.60 * 5.00 * 3.75 = 252.00 KN.
:. Total working load :
Nwt = 1926.04 + 252.00 = 2178.04 KN
Mwx1 = 1.694 KN.m, Mwx2 = - 2.632 KN.m
Mwy1 = 1.521 KN.m, Mwy2 = -0.170 KN.m
Ix-x = bh3 / 12 = 5 * 3.753 / 12 = 21.97 m4, y = b / 2 = 3750 / 2 = 1875 mm.
Iy-y = hb3 / 12 = 53 * 3.75 / 12 = 39.06 m4, x = h / 2 = 5000 / 2 = 2500 mm.
R.e = 1926.04 * -0.08= -155.41 KN.m.
:.Pmax= 2178.04 / (5*3.75) + (-155.41 * 2.5 / 39.06) + (1.521 + -0.170) * 2.5 / 39.06)
+ (1.694 + -2.632 * 1.875 / 21.97)
= 107.18 KN/m2. < 120 KN/m2
The cross-section is satisfactory.

Step 5: Design of moment reinforcement:P1 = Nut / A + (Ru.e* x / Iy-y) + ((Myu1 + Myu2) * x / Iy-y) + ((Mxu1 + Mxu2 )* y / Ix-x)
= 2773.497 / (5*3.75) + (-223.79 * 2.5 / 39.06) + (2.190 + -0.245) * 2.5 / 39.06) +
(2.440 + -3.740 * 1.875 / 21.97)
= 133.61 KN/m2.
P2 = Nwt / A +(R.e* x / Iy-y) + ((Myw1 + Myw2) * x / Iy-y) - ((Mxw1 + Mxw2 )* y / Ix-x)
= 2773.497 / (5*3.75) + (-223.79 * 2.5 / 39.06) + (2.190 + -0.245) * 2.5 / 39.06) (2.440 + -3.740 * 1.875 / 21.97)
=133.84 KN/m2.
P3 = Nwt / A -(R.e* x / Iy-y) - ((Myw1 + Myw2) * x / Iy-y) - ((Mxw1 + Mxw2 )* y / Ix-x)
= 2773.497 / (5*3.75) - (-223.79 * 2.5 / 39.06) - (2.190 + -0.245) * 2.5 / 39.06) (2.440 + -3.740 * 1.875 / 21.97)
= 162.23 KN/m2.
P4 = Nwt / A -(R.e* x / Iy-y) - ((Myw1 + Myw2) * x / Iy-y) + ((Mxw1 + Mxw2 )* y / Ix-x)
= 2773.497 / (5*3.75) - (-223.79 * 2.5 / 39.06) - (2.190 + -0.245) * 2.5 / 39.06) +
(2.440 + -3.740 * 1.875 / 21.97)
= 162.00 KN/m2.

Design of footing

Combined
footing

5.1. Design the footing:We get the result of analysis the footing from computer program (SAP2000)
Moment at mid between the columns:Md = 371.74 kN.m.
Mur = 0.156 * fcu * b * d2 = 0.156 * 25*103 * 3.75 * 0.5512= 4440.16 KN.m.
Mur > Md (Singly)
Md / (bd2) = 371.74 * 106 / (3750 * 5512) = 0.327
Astreq = 0.327 * 1.21 * 551 * 3750 / 250 = 3265.37 mm2 ............. From table
Astreq /m width =3265.37/3.75 =870.77mm2
Astmin = 0.24 * 1000 * 600 / 100
= 1400 mm2 > Astreq.
Astpro = 18 mm @ 125 c/c (2036 mm2).

Distribution reinforcement:
Also for distribution, reinforcement provides same area (Astmin).

Check for shear:Critical shear force at distance d from face of support (from SAP program):
Vd =98.84 kN
vd =98.84 * 103 / ( 1000 * 551 ) = 0.179N/mm2
Where 0.179 (0.8 25 = 4) & 5 N/mm2
Shear resistance of concrete = Vc
Vc = [ 0.79 * ( 100 *Astpro / bw * d)(1/3) *( 400 / d )(1/4) *( fcu / 25 )(1/3) ] / 1.25
(100 * Astpro) / (b * d) = (100 * 2036) / (1000 * 551) = 0.370 < 3.0 [OK]
400 / 551 = 400 / 551 = 0.725 < 1.0
: .Take 400 / d = 1
fcu / 25 = 25/ 25 = 1
vc = ( 0.79 * 3 0.370 * 41 * 31 ) / 1.25 = 0.45 N/mm2
vc = 0.45> v = 0.179
The cross-section is satisfactory so provide nominal
Sv = (0.87 * fy * Asv) / (vs * b)
= (0.87 * 250 * 101) / (0.4 * 1000) = 55 mm
In clause (3.4.5.5) of the code state that spacing of the links should not be exceed
0.75d in the direction of the span
0.75d = 0.75 * 551 = 713.25 mm > 55 mm
Provide 8 mm links at 50 c/c

Design of footing

Combined
footing

Check for punching shear:-

So that the cross-section is satisfactory for shear at "d" therefore the cross-section is
satisfactory for punching at "1.5d".

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