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2950-Patterns With Fins & Flanges

This document discusses different methods for making patterns to cast cooling fins and flanges on engine parts. It provides details on: 1) Turning fins directly from solid wood can work for simple cylinder barrels and heads, but not for cases requiring angular fins, vertically disposed fins, or fins radiating from a center line. 2) For these more complex cases, making a pattern with separate wooden pieces for the fins that are then assembled is better, allowing casting of the desired fin configurations. 3) The document describes methods for making patterns with separate wooden fins and connecting blocks for both cylinder barrels and cylinder heads. Dimensions and construction details are provided for ensuring clean moulding and casting.

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Sandra Barnett Crossan
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96 views

2950-Patterns With Fins & Flanges

This document discusses different methods for making patterns to cast cooling fins and flanges on engine parts. It provides details on: 1) Turning fins directly from solid wood can work for simple cylinder barrels and heads, but not for cases requiring angular fins, vertically disposed fins, or fins radiating from a center line. 2) For these more complex cases, making a pattern with separate wooden pieces for the fins that are then assembled is better, allowing casting of the desired fin configurations. 3) The document describes methods for making patterns with separate wooden fins and connecting blocks for both cylinder barrels and cylinder heads. Dimensions and construction details are provided for ensuring clean moulding and casting.

Uploaded by

Sandra Barnett Crossan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PATTERNS with FINS and FLANGES

ARTICULARLY in the case of

providing cooling fins is the


method of making patterns
and obtaining castings often superior to the alternative of machining
parts from the solid. AU-over
machining of fins is possible for
the cylinder barrels of small air
compressors and four-stroke engines, and those of two-stroke
engines above the ports. Similarly,
in the case of cylinder heads,
turning fins from the solid is
practicable for simple types as may
be used on compressors and some
two-stroke engines.

The method of turning from the


solid,- however, does not cover cases
of cooling fins round two-stroke
exhaust ports, angular fins on barrels
(when these may be inclined and a
straight-line flow of air is desired),
and where fins on cylinder heads may
be disposed vertically or radiating
from a centre line. Then pattern and
casting provide straightforward means
of overcoming the problem-the only
other solution to which would be
some awkward milling operations.
Cast fins may also be much improved
by work on them with files, burrs
and emerycloth, and are certainly
better than none at alL
For small engines and compressors
fins may be provided on cylinder
barrels, either by turning simple
patterns from solid wood, or by
building up and using separate pieces
of flat wood for the fins. For the
process of turning from the solid,
the wood must be hard, close and
uniform in the grain. Boxwood is
probably best, though good beech
can be used. The pattern should be
turned as at A, with the fins, the plain
portion of the barrel a n d a core
print each end, Q and R, for the bore.
Spacing of the fins, S, should not
be less than about 9/32 m. or 5/16 in.,
their depth not more than about
fin., and their outside diameter not
more than about 2-1/2 in. These dimensions can, however, be modified
somewhat. Less deep fins could be
spaced slightly closer while wider
spacing would admit of their. being
somewhat deeper. Their thickness at
the bottom should be 3/32 in. to 1/8 in.,
joining to the barrel by a 1/16 in. radius
while the tip thickness should be
about 1/16 in. rounded.
5 DECEMBER 1957

For a two-stroke engine cylinder,


pieces can be fitted into the fins for
the ports, keeping always to the
principle of avoiding undercuts which
would prevent clean moulding. For
the exhaust ports, blocks can be
fitted, glued and tacked, as at T, and
another block, U, for the inlet port.
On the further side of the pattern, the
block for the transfer passage would
extend from the base flange up to the
level of the exhaust ports. Radii may
be provided at the joins with plastic
wood.
For securing the cylinder head,
lugs are required at the top of the
barrel to tap to accept studs. Similar
lugs are, therefore, required on the
pattern in the space V. These can be
provided either by turning the space
only to a depth to give the dimensions
over the comers, then sawing and
filing away the material along the
flats; or the space can be turned to
normal depth, then separate lugs
fitted in as at B-a sectional view.
The base flange W can be made by
turning to the corner dimension, then
cutting away along the flats. The

LUGS

BY

Geometer
flange must be in square alignment
with the top lugs.
Construction of a built-up, angular
fin pattern can be as at C, the ends
carrying core prints X, Xl. The base
flange Y can be a separate piece from
flat wood. The plain barrel Z can be
turned as a short length joined to the
top carrying the core print X1 then
cut through at the fin angle. The
fins and spacing pieces can then be
from flat wood, the spacing pieces
clamped up and turned before the
fins are fitted. Fin spacing will thus
be uniform and precise.
Similar accuracy obtains when
making cylinder head patterns, as
at D, by cutting the fins from thin
flat wood (beech or oak), and gluing
and tacking together with spacing
blocks between-l to 6.
q

CHUCKING

PIECE

/\

0
B

763

MODEL ENGINEER

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