Chapter 2

Review of Related Literature

This chapter primarily presents the different researches and other literatures form both
foreign and local researchers, which have significant bearings on the variables included in the
research. It focuses on several aspects that will help in the development of this study. The study is
generally concentrating on the feasibility of creating an Alumni Association Website. The
literatures of this study come from books, journals, articles, electronic materials such as PDF or
E-Book, and other existing theses and dissertations, foreign and local those are believed to be
useful in the advancement of awareness concerning the study.

Foreign Literature
The Lovely Professional University (2011) promotes a culture of paperless University.
The day to day administration and most of the University procedures are carried out online. The
University Management System (UMS), an online portal of University, is one such innovative
step of the University to provide vital information regarding academics and other University
logistics for assisting the University students, their parents and the staff.
According to Wikipedia (2014), in the past, universities and large school districts in
particular have created their own bespoke student record systems. One such example is the
Repository of Student Information (ROSI) system at University of Toronto. With growing
complexity in the business of educational establishments, most organizations now choose to buy
customizable software, and increasing numbers are buying software as a service (SAAS). Most
student information systems in use today are server-based, with the application residing on a
central computer server, and being accessed by client applications at various places within and

even outside the school. But student information systems have been moving to the web since the
late 1990s and that trend is accelerating as institutions replace older systems.
Local Literature
The PUPWebSite (1998) continues to evolve dramatically as it gives its visitors
information and online services that is relevant and useful to them. And PUPWebSite has matured
into one of the University's most important promotion medium. New Internet and Web
technologies allow the delivery of personalized and relevant information to our clienteles, who
respond by telling us about themselves. That customer information helps us focus our content and
provide services that assist visitors in quickly finding the information they need.
PUPWebSite is replacing more expensive, traditional methods of doing things with a
more streamlined and efficient online solution. Through this means, we are able to reduce paper,
printing, and postal costs by distributing information online instead of on paper. And we are
reducing media production and distribution costs by distributing relevant files online.
They are reducing errors in customer data by allowing customers to submit and update
their information online, instead of filling out registration cards that are transcribed by data entry
personnel.
These are just a few of the ways that an academic Web site can impact the bottom line of
the University.

According to the Republic Act No. 10175 known as the Cybercrime Law (2012); The
State recognizes the importance of providing an environment conducive to the development,
acceleration, and rational application and exploitation of information and communications
technology (ICT) to attain free, easy, and intelligible access to exchange and/or delivery of

information; and the need to protect and safeguard the integrity of computer, computer and
communications systems, networks, and databases, and the confidentiality, integrity, and
availability of information and data stored therein, from all forms of misuse, abuse, and illegal
access by making punishable under the law such conduct or conducts.
In relation to this, the input, alteration, or deletion of any computer data without right
resulting in inauthentic data with the intent that it be considered or acted upon for legal purposes
as if it were authentic, regardless whether or not the data is directly readable and intelligible.

Synthesis
The prior conceptual and researched literature and studies, associated directly and
indirectly to the present research provided more insights about the nature and scope of the study,
which is the Feasibility of an Online Information System for Kalayaan National High School. The
campus implies that the existing system they are using causes delay in giving information for the
students.
The related literature, both foreign and local stated that KNHS is still using the old
manual system. In LPU (2011), schools and universities create their online websites because it
provides vital information regarding academics and other logistics for assisting the students, their
parents and the staff. In addition, since the late 1990s that trend is accelerating as institutions
replace older systems. On the other hand, it discuss the efficiency of using an online system, one
example is the PUPWebSite (1998) which replaced more expensive, traditional methods of doing
things with a more streamlined and efficient online solution.

Both foreign and local studies discussed the functions of an Online Information System
such as the study of Marrrero (2009), generally, Information System is supposed to inform
people. Information System supports people or users in making intelligent decisions based upon
the information derived from reliable data. Then, according to Evangelista (2008), said that the
use of individual student records would: 1) Increase the admissions capacity to follow a students
progress over time; 2) provide better quality data to drive more enlightened policy decisions
resulting in enhanced educational opportunities for all students; 3) reduce data collection burden
through a web enabled SIS; and 4) as a tool of parents in monitoring the academic performance of
their children.
On the other hand, issues, controversies, and concerns are the focus of the related local
studies, one of this is Republic Act No. 10175 known as the Cybercrime Law (2012); According
to this, the input, alteration, or deletion of any computer data without right resulting in inauthentic
data with the intent that it be considered or acted upon for legal purposes as if it were authentic,
regardless whether or not the data is directly readable and intelligible. Illegal acts upon this will
be subjected under case.
The related literature and studies have significant relationship with the present study in
the sense that both are discussing about the benefits of having an information system that could
replace the old system used by KNHS. Likewise, the accessibility of information will be
implemented by using this online system. Though in some point, there are rules and regulations
that must be considered from Republic Act No. 10175 to avoid illegal acts.