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(Graduate Level) : Quality of Service

This document discusses quality of service (QoS) in computer networks. It defines QoS as the capability to control traffic handling mechanisms to meet the service needs of applications and users according to network policies. The document outlines different QoS approaches like 802.1p user priority, Differentiated Services, Integrated Services, and Asynchronous Transfer Mode. It also discusses related concepts such as flows, conversations, traffic aggregates, packet classification, signaling protocols like RSVP, and admission control.

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ehsanmousa
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67 views

(Graduate Level) : Quality of Service

This document discusses quality of service (QoS) in computer networks. It defines QoS as the capability to control traffic handling mechanisms to meet the service needs of applications and users according to network policies. The document outlines different QoS approaches like 802.1p user priority, Differentiated Services, Integrated Services, and Asynchronous Transfer Mode. It also discusses related concepts such as flows, conversations, traffic aggregates, packet classification, signaling protocols like RSVP, and admission control.

Uploaded by

ehsanmousa
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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QoS

(Graduate level)

Lecture 6: Quality of Service


Introduction
Ali Mohammad Zareh Bidoki

1
Next paper for review

v "Analysis and Simulation of a Fair Queueing


Algorithm, Internetworking: Research and
Experience"

2
QOS: What is it & Why would we
want it?

v Many applications are sensitive to the


effects of delay, jitter and packet loss.
v The existing Internet architecture
provides a best effort service.
v All traffic is treated equally (FIFO
queuing). Currently there is no mechanism
for distinguishing between delay sensitive
and best effort traffic.
v IPv4 TOS is not widely implemented.

3
Network QoS definition

v The capability to control traffic-handling


mechanisms in the network such that the
network meets the service needs of
certain applications and users subject to
network policies
v Network QoS provides mechanisms to
control the allocation of resources among
applications and users (final goal in
ARPANET)
4
Application Requirements

v Bandwidth : The rate that application’


traffic must be carried by the network
v Latency : the delay that an application can
tolerate in delivering a packet
v Jitter
v Loss

5
Traffic Handling

6
Flows, Conversations and Traffic
Aggregates

v A Flow is a subset of all packets passing


through a network device that has uniform
QoS requirements
v Conversation: all traffic flowing in a single
direction from specific instance of a
specific application on one host to a
specific host (unicast) or multiple host
(multicast)
v A flow can include a single or multiple
conversation (called traffic aggregation).
7
Packet classification

8
Traffic Handling Mechanisms

v 802 user priority


v Differentiated Services (DiffServ)
v Integrated Services (IntServ)
v ATM, ISSLOW

9
802 user priority

v Based on IEEE 802 technology used in


Ethernet, token ring and FDDI
v An eight bit priority values in Layer 2 header of 802
v Strict priority value

10
Differentiated Services (DiffServ)

v It is a Layer 3 traffic handling (class of


service mechanisms)
v DiffServ defines a field called DiffServ
codepoint (DSCP) I Layer 3 header of IP
packets (type of service field)
v Routers uses DSCP to classify and apply a
specific scheduling (called per-hop
behaviors or PHP)

11
SLA in DiffServ

v Service parameters are characterized at


edges of the DiffServ network in form of
service level agreement (SLA).

12
Admission Control

v It is a process by which certain traffic is


admitted to a network or to a particular
service level within a network while other
traffic is refused admission or rejected

13
Overall concept in DiffServ

14
Integrated Services (IntServ)

v It original focus was on services that


enable the integration of voice, video and
data on the Internet
v Due to focus on Multimedia traffic, it is
expected to provide very quantifiable and
measurable service characteristics
v RSVP protocol (per conversation signaling)
v This contrasts with the aggregate services
and the underlying aggregate traffic
handling (802 user-priority & DiffServ)
15
ATM (Asynchronous Transfer
Mode)

v ATM traffic is separated into flows which


are referred to as virtual circuits (VC)
v Each VS supports one of”
v Constant bit rate (CBR)
v Variable bit rate (VBR)
v Unknown bit rate (UBR)

16
Push versus Signaled Mechanisms

17
RSVP (end-to-end QoS in Layer 3)

v Two significant RSVP messages:


v PATH is sent by transmitting applications toward receivers
v RESV is sent by receivers
v RSVP messages carray the following information:
v How the network can identify traffic on a conversation
(classification information, IP & port of source nad destination)
v The service type required from the network for the
conversation’ traffic
v Quantitative parameters describing the traffic on the
conversation (data rate.., token-bucket model)

18
Explicit Admission control using
RSVP

19
Quality/ Efficiency product

v Efficiency refers to the amount of


network capacity (in terms of bandwidth)
required to provide a certain quality of
service
v Q*E=C
v We are going to raise C

20
Quality/ Efficiency product

21
Different Signaling & Traffic
handling

22
Improving QE by Combining push
provisioning & Aggregate Traffic
handling

23
24
Improving QE by Admission Control

25
Signaling Issues

v Signaling costs
v Topology awareness

26

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