Practice

1.

A code of practice is:

(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

A standard for workmanship only

A set of rules for manufacturing a specific product
Levels of acceptability of a weldment
None of the above

2.

In UK practice, BS499 part 2 specifies that the drawing dimension quoted for a fillet weld is the:

3.

(a) Leg length

(b) Actual throat thickness
(c) Weld length
Technically, a code of practice is:
(a) A standard
(b) A Set of rules for the manufacture of a product
(c) Related to welder and weld procedure approval
(d) All of the above

Welding procedure
1.

In welding procedure terms, a change in essential variable means:

2.

(a) Re-qualification of the weld procedure

(b) Possible changes in the welds micro structure
(c) Possible changes in the mechanical properties
(d) All of the above
A welding procedure is useful to:

3.

(a) Give information to the welder

(b) Give information to the inspector
(c) Give Confidence to a product
(d) All of the above
Which of the following is not specified on a typical written welding procedure?
(a) To make sure the welder can weld
(b) To make sure the weld is able to withstand stress
(c) To give maximum confidence that the welder can produce welds to meet the requirements of the
specifications(s)
(d) To make sure the welder can produce a weld free from discontinuities

4.

An essential variable may:

(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

Change the properties of the weld

Influence the visual acceptability
Require re-approval of the weld procedure
All of the above

Welding inspector
5.

A welding inspectors main attribute includes:

6.

(a) Knowledge and experience

(b) Literacy
(c) Honesty and integrity
(d) All of the above
Which of the following best describes the duty of a welding inspector?
(a) To carry out inspection and NDT in order to find all weld flaws present

1.

(b) To attempt to ensure that all welding and any associated actions are carried out in accordance with
agreed specification
(c) To carry out welding inspection and radiography interpretation with agreed procedure for the work being
undertaken
(d) To make sure that all the welds are defect free
When manual metal arc welding is being carried out on an open construction site, which group of welders are
the most likely to require continuous monitoring?

2.

(a) Concrete shuttering welding teams

(b) Pipe welding team
(c) Plater welders
(d) Plant maintenance weld
Repair welding is often more difficult than production due to:

3.

(a) The material being ingrained with in-service contaminates

(b) Restricted access within the repair area
(c) The possible position of the weld repair
(d) Any of the above
A welder qualified in the PG position would normally be qualified for welding:

4.

(a) All diameters of pipe

(b) Welding positions PA, PG and PF
(c) In position PG only
(d) All pipe wall thickness
Macroscopic examination requires any specimen to be inspected:

5.

(a) Once after welding

(b) Twice once before and once after etching
(c) Using a microscope
(d) None of the above
What action must the welding inspector request if a lamination is found extending into the bevel face?
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

Cut back the material until a lamination free area is found

Accept the bevel unless the lamination exceeds 5mm
Place a sealing run over the lamination and dress flush, then make the weld as normal
Action to take will depend on the agreed specification (or welding engineer/client if specification does
not state the action).

Joints
7.

The correct term for a joint prepared on one component only is:

8.

(a) A bevel butt

(b) A J butt
(c) A K butt
(d) All of the above
In the welding of a butt joint made from one side, which of the following controls the profile of the root bead?

9.

(a) Root face

(b) Bevel angle
(c) Root gap
(d) None of the above
In gas welding, leftward welding is described in BS 499 as:

10.

(a) The flame is described towards the welded part and filler material is directed toward un-welded part of
the joint
(b) The flame and filler material both directed towards welded part of the joint
(c) The flame is directed towards the un-welded part and filler material is directed towards welded part of
the joint
(d) The flame and filler material is both directed towards un-welded part of the joint
On which of the following would you not use MPI inspection?
(a) A low carbon steel butt welded joint
(b) An Austenitic Stainless steel fillet welded T joint

(c) A medium carbon steel fillet welded lap joint

11.

Incomplete root penetration in a butt joint could be caused by:

(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

Excessive root face width

Excessive root gap size
Low current setting
Both A & C

Suckback
1.

What is another term for suck back?

(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

2.

Concave root or insufficient fill at the root side

Elongated porosity in the root
Lack of penetration
A slag line above the root pass

Another name for Suckback in the root of a weld is:

(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

Concavity
Convexity
LORP or Lack of root penetration
Root undercut

Flux
4.

In Sub Arc Welding, excessive flux melting will result from:

5.

(a) Increasing the arc voltage

(b) Decreasing the arc voltage
(c) Increasing the travel speed
(d) Increasing the wire feed speed
Which of the following is an inspection point in Sub Arc Welding?

6.

(a) Flux mesh size

(b) Gas type
(c) Tungsten size
Gas flow rate What is an active flux?
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

A material used to clean surfaces of the joint through continued chemical reaction
A material used to protect the molten weld pool during welding
A material used to aid fusion
All of the above

Polarity
1.

2.

3.

What is the purpose of a rectifier?

(a) To adjust the voltage
(b) To adjust the amperage
(c) To covert ac to dc
(d) To reduce the chance of arc strike
For open site manual metal arc welding the following equipment is available. Which would you choose for safe
working?
(a) Single operator transformer
(b) Multi operator transformer
(c) AC / DC composite power unit
(d) Diesel engine driven motor generator
Which of the following is most likely to reduce the chances of arc blow?
(a) A change from ac current to dc current
(b) A change from dc current to ac current

(c) A change from dc electrode +ve to de electrode ve

(d) A change from dc electrode ve to dc electrode +ve
7.

You are to oversee the arc welding of some machined fittings and find they are cadmium plated. Would you:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

8.

Permit it to proceed
Permit it to proceed with fume extraction
Stop the operation at once
Advise the welder to drink milk and proceed

Why is a welding arc shielded?

(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

To eliminate hydrogen
To retard the cooling rate of the weld
To eliminate the atmosphere
To ensure maximum heat input

9.

The main usage of arc cutting / gouging processes is in:

10.

(a) The cutting of single bevel preparation

(b) The removal of deposited welds
(c) The cutting of single U-type preparation
(d) The cutting / gouging of non-ferrous materials only
Which of the following will vary the most, when varying the arc length?
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

11.

Voltage
Amperage
Polarity
None of the above

What two functions in arc welding must be in equilibrium to enable a stable arc to be established?
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

Arc voltage
Current
Wire / Electrode feed rate
Metal burn off rate

12.

All of the above Increasing the arc energy input of a welded joint will:

13.

(a) Increase the strength of the joint

(b) Increase the toughness of the joint
(c) Increase the grain size of the weld and HAZ
(d) Decrease the width of the HAZ
The welding arc could be characterized as:
(a) A high current, low voltage arc with a flow of electrons from cathode to anode
(b) A low current, high voltage arc with a flow of electrons flowing from anode
(c) A medium current and medium voltage with a flow of electrons and +ve ions flowing from anode to
cathode
(d) A voltage which always remains constant at a constant potential with a flow of electrons and ve ions
from cathode to anode

12.

13.

Three essential factors for producing fusion weld are melting, removal of surface oxide from the joint surfaces
and elimination of atmosphere from the region of the arc. Name the fourth one:
(a) The weld must be free from stress
(b) The filler material must match that of the weld
(c) The completed joint must at lease match the mechanical properties
(d) An arc for a heat surface
The deviation of the arc during arc welding due to external magnetic influences is known as:

14.

(a) Arc strike

(b) Arc blow
(c) Paramagnetic interference
(d) Diamagnetic interference
During CO2 welding, the arc length is most likely to be affected by:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

The wire diameter

The current return connection
The gas flow rate
The torch to work angle

Fillet weld
1.

A fabricating procedure calls for fillet welds to be blended in by grinding. This is to influence:

15.

(a) H A Z cracking
(b) Fatigue life
(c) Residual stress
Yield strength When visually inspecting a fillet weld, it would normally be Sized by:

16.

(a) The leg lengths

(b) The actual throat thickness
(c) The design throat thickness
(d) Both A & C
Which of the following statements is true?
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

Fillet welds are preferable to butt welds due to high strength

Fillet welds are normally difficult to assess with NDT in comparison with butt welds
Fillet welds are only made on steels
All of the above are true

17.

What is the leg length of a fillet weld?

18.

(a) The distance from the toe to the face

(b) The distance from the root to the face center
(c) The distance from the root to the toe
(d) The distance from the toe to the toe
What is the throat thickness of a mitre fillet weld equal leg length?

19.

(a) The distance from the toe to the face

(b) The distance from the root to the face center
(c) The distance from the root to the toe
(d) The distance from the toe to the toe
A welder qualified in the 6G position would normally be qualified for welding:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

All diameter pipes

All metals
In all positions for the butt welds and fillet welds
All of the above

Amperage
1.

2.

What is a possible result if the amperage is too low during the welding of a root bead using an arc welding
process with a consumable electrode?
(a) Incomplete root penetration
(b) Lack of root fusion
(c) The freezing of the electrode to the work piece
(d) All of the above
If the amperage is too low during the welding of a root bead, the possible result would be:
(a) Lack of penetration
(b) Lack of fusion
(c) The freezing of the electrode

(d) All of the above

20.

What type of power source characteristic is required for manual welding?

21.

(a) Constant voltage

(b) Flat characteristic
(c) Drooping Characteristic
Motor generator A welding process using equipment with a flat characteristic:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

4.

Which of the following statements is true when using a flat characteristic power source?
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

Penetrate
1.

The electrode is always dc ve

The shielding is always pure argon
The wire feed speed remains constant
The electrode extension will have no effect on weld quality

Generally the most suitable method of detecting lack of side wall fusion would be:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

22.

Will require a permanent or temporary backing to be pre placed on the root side of the welds
Has the advantage of being able to use any type or size of electrode
Is likely to be using an electrode less than 2 mm dia.
Is likely to be using an electrode more than 2 mm dia.

UT
MPI
RT
PT

When considering the advantages of site RT over UT which of the following applies?
(a) A permanent record produced, good for detecting defects which do not have significant depth in relation
to axis of the X-ray beam and defect identification
(b) A permanent record produced, good for detecting all surface and sub-surface defects and assessing the
through thickness depths of defects
(c) A permanent record produced, defect identification not so reliant on operator skill
(d) No controlled areas required on site, a permanent record produced and good for assessing the extent of
pipe wall thickness reductions due to internal corrosion

1.

Penetrant inspection and MPI are mainly used to:

(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

2.

Which of the following contamination could affect the sensitivity of penetrant?

(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

3.

Aid visual inspection

Because the application standard says so
To confirm Visual uncertainties
All of the above

Acid
Water
Salts
All of the above

The prime purpose of the black light for fluorescent penetrant inspection:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

To magnify indications
To make the indications visible
To develop indications
To speed up inspection

Root
1.

Which of the following is a method to accurately measure the root radius of a charpy or izod specimen?
(a) Use a machine called a shadowgraph
(b) Use pyrometer

2.

(c) Use a vernier caliper

(d) Use a densitometer
Which of the following could cause root concavity?
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

4.

Excessive back purge pressure and very high heat input

Excessive back purge pressure and entrapped gas
Excessive root grinding and a slow travel speed
Excessive root grinding and excessive back pressure

Why is Hot Pass so called?

(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

Because it is applied to a high amperage

Because it is applied when the root is still hot
Because it could cause hot shortness
Because it heat treats the root

5.

Incomplete root fusion would certainly be caused by:

6.

(a) Linear misalignment

(b) Incorrect tilt angle
(c) Differing root face widths
(d) All of the above
With reference to a root penetration bead, you could certainly assess:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

Root fusion and penetration

Root concavity
Burn through
All of the above

Butt
1.

When visually inspecting a completed single V butt cap you would certainly assess:

2.

(a) Cap height

(b) Toe blend
(c) Weld width
(d) A, B & C
Welding a single V butt with laminations showing on the side wall may give rise to:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

Lamellar tearing
Solidification cracking
Martensite
Undercut

Steel
1.

One of the following alloys is non-magnetic. Which?

2.

(a) 4% Chromium Molybdenum

(b) 12% Chromium
(c) Austenitic Stainless Steel
(d) 9% Nickle Steel
Argon + 2% Oxygen is used when welding:

3.

(a) High carbon steels

(b) Austenitic stainless steels
(c) Aluminum
(d) Martensite stainless steels
An austenitic stainless steel may suffer:

4.

(a) Weld decay

(b) Sensitisation
(c) Solidification cracking
(d) All of the above
What kind of steel is used for making filler rod?
(a) Killed steel

5.

7.

8.

9.

(b) Rimming steel

(c) Carbon steel
A steel described as QT will have improved tensile properties because it has:
(a) Had control of chemical composition
(b) Been heat treated
(c) Been quality tested
Been vacuum meltedIn the welding of austenitic stainless steels, the electrode and the plate material can be
purchased with low carbon contents. The reason for this is to prevent:
(a) Cracking in the HAZ
(b) The formation of chromium carbides
(c) Cracking in the weld metal
Distortion In a steel which has improved creep properties at elevated temperature, which one of the following
elements helps in this improvement?
(a) Tungsten
(b) Manganese
(c) Molybdenum
(d) Carbon
What term applies if a carbon steel weldment is heated up to a temperature which creates austenitic grain
growth and then is allowed to cool in air?
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

10.

Normalizing
Annealing
Quenching
Tempering

The likelihood of brittle fracture in steels will increase with:

(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

A large grain formation

A reduction of in-service temperature to sub zero levels
Ferritic rather than austenitic steels
All of the above

23.

Which of the following is not an inert gas at welding temperature?

24.

(a) Argon
(b) Neon
(c) Carbon dioxide
(d) Helium
Which of the following is not inert gas?

25.

(a) Argon
(b) Xenon
(c) Carbon dioxide
Helium Which of the following is the odd out?
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

HAZ
1.

Neon
Xenon
Argon
Nitrogen

The HAZ associated with a weld is:

(a) The melted portion of the parent plate

(b) The area immediately adjacent to the weld which has undergone a micro structural change
(c) The weld area plus the parent plate which has undergone a micro structural change
(d)
The are in the weld region with the lowest tensile strength
26.
The HAZ of fusion weld:
(a) Usually has the highest tensile strength
(b) Cannot be avoided
(c) Is usually martensite

27.

(d) Both A & B

All of the above In accordance with BS 499 what is the weld junction?
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

28.

Which one of the following statements is false?

(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

29.

Surface breaking defects are usually more detrimental to a weld in comparison with sub-surface defects
The HAZs of a steel weld usually have h higher tensile strength than the weld metal
Lameller tearing may occur within the fusion zone of large fillet welds
PWHT may stress relieve

How do you convert psi to N/mm2?

(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

30.

The area containing HAZ and weld metal

The weld metal and parent metal
The boundary between the fusion zone and HAZ
The part of the weld, which undergoes metallurgical change due to heat from welding

Divide by 144.9
Multify by 25.4
Divide by 14.7
Multify by 14.7

How many Mpa are equal to 1 N/mm2?

(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

144.9
25.4
14.7
1.

UTS
1.

Fluctuating loads ie cyclic stresses below the u.t.s on a weld component may lead to:

2.

(a) Tensile failure

(b) Yield failure
(c) Fatigue failure
(d) Shear failure
What is the UTS of a material?

(a) The proof stress

(b) The maximum load a specimen can withstand
(c) The limit of proportionality
The point of plastic deformation
1.

The unit of Joules would be used to measure:

(a) Tensile strength

(b) Impact energy
(c) Hardness
(d) Electrical resistance
CSWIP 3.1 (WELDING INSPECTOR) MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

6.

Which of the following coatings associated with Stove Welding?

(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

7.

Rutile
Cellulosic
Basic
Oxidizing

Which of the following does not require baking or drying:

(a) E 6010
(b) E 7018
(c) Sub are flux with Basicity Index of 2

8.

(d)
s
Sub are flux with Basicity Index of 3 Cellulosic coatings are generally used because of:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

9.

Which of the following always occurs in the parent material:

(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

10.

Their low hydrogen content

Their high penetration characteristic
Their high strength weld deposit
Their high weld toughness values

Hydrogen cracks
Laps and laminations
Center line cracks
Porosity

You should always refer to a higher authority for guidance when:

(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

Cracks appear during welding

The welder will not follow your instructions
Instructions are missing in the specification or contract documents
All of the above

11.

You notice a very yeed ripple shape. This is most likely caused by:

12.

(a) Poor consumable choice

(b) Welding position
(c) Excessive travel speed
(d) None of the above
The correct term for cap height is:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

13.

Toe Blending is important as it may affect:

(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

14.

Cracking
Misalignment problems
Inclusions
All of the above

The presence of iron sulphide in the weld metal is most likely to produce which of the following upon
contraction of the weld:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

16.

Toughness
Fatigue life
Penetration
All of the above

Flame cut preparation may, during welding, increase the likelihood of:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

15.

Reinforcement
Cap profile height
Excess weld metal
All of the above

Solidification cracking
Hydrogen cracking
Intergranular corrosion
Stress corrosion cracking

The use of cobalt as an isotope would generally be used on:

17.

(a) Thin material

(b) Tee joints
(c) Plate thickness greater than 25mm
(d) None of the above
Which of the following best describes the elastic limit?
(a) The resistance to fracture under impact loading
(b) The maximum stress to which a material can be subjected without permanent deformation
(c) The amount of stress at which point the material will continue to elongate without an increase in force
applied
(d) The ability of the material to stretch and become permanently deformed without breaking or cracking

18.

In accordance with BS 2901 which of the following is classified as triple de-oxidized filler wire?
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

19.

A 17 wire
A 18 wire
A 15 wire
All of the above

Which of the following is not related to weld?

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d) All of the above

20.

In friction welding, is the metal at the interface in the:

(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

Liquid state
Solid state
Plastic state
Elastic state

21.

Which sub atomic particle has a +ve charge?

22.

(a) A proton
(b) A photon
(c) An electron
(d) A neutron
When ac only is required for welding, the power supply unit is almost always:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

23.

A transformer, rectifier and a means to change the current

A transformer, inverter and a means to change the current
A rectifier, alternator and a means to change the current
A transformer or alternator and a means to change the current

What is the possible cause of too mush restraint of the parent material during welding?
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

Restraint is always desirable

It may lead to cracking, especially with small welds between large components
It will cause too much distortion
It will cause lamellar tearing if it is present on a corner joint

24.

What four criteria are necessary to produce HICC?

25.

(a) Hydrogen, moisture, martensite and heat

(b) Hydrogen, poor weld profile, temperature above 200*c and slow cooling
(c) A grain structure susceptible to cracking, stress, hydrogen and a temperature below 200*c
(d) Weld defects, pearlite, hydrogen and a temperature above the melting point for the material
What do you understand by the term minimum interpass temperature?
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

26.

Minimum post heat temperature

Minimum stress relief temperature
The lowest temperature to be used when normalising
The lowest temperature allowed during welding and between passes

Which of the following standards is entitled imperfections in Metallic fusion welds with explanation:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

BS EN 25817
BS EN 26520
BS EN 22553
BS EN 24165