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Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Department of Mathematics

The document is a tutorial sheet for a mathematics course covering topics in linear algebra, including vector spaces, subspaces, bases, change of basis, linear transformations, and the kernel and range of linear transformations. It contains examples and practice problems relating to these topics for students to work through.

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71 views

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Department of Mathematics

The document is a tutorial sheet for a mathematics course covering topics in linear algebra, including vector spaces, subspaces, bases, change of basis, linear transformations, and the kernel and range of linear transformations. It contains examples and practice problems relating to these topics for students to work through.

Uploaded by

thezobot1
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati

Department of Mathematics

Mathematics-I

MA 101 
Tutorial Sheet-6

Date:
Time:

14-Sep-2015
08:00  09:00

Linear Algebra

Topics Covered:

Vector spaces, subspace, basis, change-of-basis, linear transformations, matrix of linear transformation, kernel and
range of a linear transformation
1. In the following examples,
(i) nd the co-ordinate vectors [v]B and [v]C with respect to the given bases B and C
(ii) Find the change-of-basis matrix PCB from B to C , and then nd PBC .
(iii) Use the answer in (ii) to compute [v]C from [v]B and [v]B from [v]C . Compare with answer in (i):

( 1 0 1 )
( 1 1 1 )
1
(a) v = 2
B = 1 , 1 , 0 , ,
C = 1 1 , 1 in R3 .
3
0
1
1
1 1
1
(b) v = 1 + x2 , B = {1, x, x2 },

C = {1 + x + x2 , x + x2 , x2 } in P2 (R).

2. In each of the following, nd the matrix of T with respect to the standard bases. Is the matrix invertible? If
so, nd the inverse matrix and hence the inverse linear map of T .
 
a
2
(i) T : R P1 ,
7 a + (a b)x.
b
(ii) D : Span(ex , xex , x2 ex ) F where D is the dierential operator and F is the space of all real valued
functions from R to R.
3. Let V be a vector space and T : V V be a linear transformation such that T T = I and let v V be a
non-zero vector. Then show that the set {v, T (v)} is linearly dependent if and only if T (v) = v .
4. Let V, W be two vector spaces over R, and T : V W be a linear map. Let w1 , . . . , wn be linearly
independent vectors in W , and let v1 , . . . , vn be vectors in V such that T (vi ) = wi . Show that v1 , . . . , vn are
linearly independent.
5. Let V, W be nite dimensional vector spaces over the eld F and T : V W be a linear map.
(a) Show that

rank(T ) + nullity(T ) = dim(V ).


(b) Assume that dim V = dim W , then show that T is injective if and only if T is surjective.
(c) If dim(V ) < dim(W ) then show that T is not surjective.
(d) If dim(V ) > dim(W ) then show that T is not injective.
6. Let V be a vector space over a eld F and T : V V be a linear map such that T n = 0 for some n N.
Show that the linear map (IDV T ) is one-one and onto, where IDV is the identity map on V .
7. Show that there is no linear transformation T : R3 P2 for which
!
!
2
3
T 1 = 1 + 2x + x2 ,
T 0 = 1 x2 ,
0
2

0 !
3 = 2x + 3x2 .
4

8. For each of the maps given below, show that T is a linear transformation. Describe ker(T ) and range(T ) of the
following. Hence nd the rank or the nullity of the following
(a) T : M22 R dened by T (A) = tr(A).

(b) T : P3 R2 ,

a
T (a + bx + cx2 + dx3 ) = b a
ca+b


 

a b
a 0
(c) T : M22 M22 dened by T
=
.
c d
0 d

 

a b
ab
2
(d) T : M22 R dened by T
=
.
c d
cd


p(0)
(e) T : P2 R2 dened by T (p(x)) =
.
p(1)
9. Let V be vector space and T : V V be a linear transformation. Suppose dim V = n. If there exists a vector
x V such that T n (x) = 0 but T n1 (x) 6= 0, then show that the set {x, T (x), . . . , T n1 (x)} is a basis for V .
Also, nd the matrix representation of T with respect to this basis.

Practice Problems
1. If B and C are bases for R3 such that the change-of-basis matrix from B to C is given by PCB

1
= 0
0

2
4
0

3
5 .
6

(
If C =

)
1
1 1
0 2 1 , nd B .
1 0 1

2. Let T : R P2 (R) be a linear map for which T


 !

!
3
a
and T
.
T
2
b
2

!
1
= 1 + 2x + x2 and T
1

 !
1
= 3 + 4x2 . Find
0

3. Find the matrix [S], [T ] and [S T ] with respect to the standard bases and then verify that [S T ] = [S][T ],
where
 
a
2
T : R P2 ,
7 a + (a b)x + bx2 ,
b

S : P2 P1 ,

a + bx + cx2 7 (3a + 2b + c) + (a + b)x.

4. Show that a linear map T : V W is uniquely determined by its values on the elements of a basis of V .
5. Let W be a subspace of a nite dimensional vector space V . Show that W is a nite dimensional vector space
and dim W dim V .
6. Let B be a set of vectors in a vector space V with the property that every vector in V is a unique linear
combination of vectors in B . Prove that B is a basis for V .
7. Let V and W be vector spaces over R. Prove that the set L (V, W ) of all linear transformations forms a vector
space over R, with the vector addition and scalar multiplication as dened over F , the space of functions from
R to R.
8. Let W1 and W2 be two subspaces of a nite dimensional vector space V . Show that

dim(W1 + W2 ) = dim(W1 ) + dim(W2 ) dim(W1 W2 ).

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