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Experiment6 Instrumentation

1. The document describes an experiment to design a permanent magnet moving coil (PMMC) ammeter with ranges of 50mA, 75mA, and 100mA and measure the percentage difference compared to a digital multimeter (DMM). 2. It explains that a PMMC ammeter uses permanent magnets to create a stationary magnetic field and measures DC current through the electromagnetic interaction between the coil and magnets. Shunt resistors are used to increase the measurement range. 3. The experiment involves constructing PMMC ammeter circuits with different shunt resistors, measuring current values with the PMMC and DMM under varying voltages, and calculating the percentage differences between the readings.

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Jam Magat
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
181 views

Experiment6 Instrumentation

1. The document describes an experiment to design a permanent magnet moving coil (PMMC) ammeter with ranges of 50mA, 75mA, and 100mA and measure the percentage difference compared to a digital multimeter (DMM). 2. It explains that a PMMC ammeter uses permanent magnets to create a stationary magnetic field and measures DC current through the electromagnetic interaction between the coil and magnets. Shunt resistors are used to increase the measurement range. 3. The experiment involves constructing PMMC ammeter circuits with different shunt resistors, measuring current values with the PMMC and DMM under varying voltages, and calculating the percentage differences between the readings.

Uploaded by

Jam Magat
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EXPERIMENT 6: AMMETER USING PMMC

I. OBJECTIVES
1. To design an ammeter using PMMC with the range of 50 mA,75 mA and
100 mA.
2. To determine the percentage difference of the measured PMMC(Permanent
magnet moving coil) and DMM(Digital Multimeter).

II. DISCUSSION
AMMETER
An ammeter is a measuring instrument used to measure the electric current in a
circuit. Electric currents are measured in amperes (A), hence the name. Instruments
used to measure smaller currents, in the milliampere or microampere range, are
designated as millimeters or micro ammeters.

PERMANENT MAGNET MOVING COIL


The permanent magnet moving coil instrument or PMMC type instrument uses two
permanent magnets in order to create stationary magnetic field. These types of
instruments are only used for measuring the dc quantities as if we apply ac current
to these type of instruments the direction of current will be reversed during
negative half cycle and hence the direction of torque will also be reversed which
gives average value of torque zero. The pointer will not deflect due to high
frequency from its mean position showing zero reading. However it can measure the
direct current very accurately.

PERMANENT MAGNET MOVING COIL DC AMMETER


A simple PMMC Dc Ammeter contains fix magnets around its needle consists a coil
below of low resistance. That move over a calibrated scale of dial. When a DC
Ammeter is connected in series to a device then an amount of current passes
through its needles coil and creates electromagnetic field in the coil. The
electromagnetic field of the coil interact with the permanent magnets magnetic
field
thus
results
in
moving
the
needle
over
the
dial.
Although a simple PMMC DC Ammeter can measure a small amount of current. In
order to increase the range of Ammeter to measure large amount of current
securely. We put a resister parallel across the Ammeter called shunt resister. The

shunt resister passes all available current through it and remains a small amount of
current to pass through Ammeter coil that it can easily maintain.
The pint is notable here that however we want to increase the range of Ammeter
measuring ability we will decrease value of shunt resistance as well as range will
increase. In other words we can say the shunt resistance is inversely proportional to
the
required
range
of
Ammeter.
Now as I draw a figure of PMMC DC Ammeter showing a shunt resister across. See it
carefully,

Figure 1: SAMPLE CIRCUIT OF PMMC DC AMMETER

III. MATERIALS
Quantity
1
1
19
1
2
1

IV. WIRING DIAGRAM

Description
Digital Multimeter
Power Supply
1
1k
100
breadboard

Figure 2: Design Circuit Diagram (Range:50,75,100mA)

V. PROCEDURE
1. Construct the circuit as shown in Figure 2.
2. Measure the Current Using PMMC and DMM reading.
3. Complete Table 2.1

VI. DATA AND RESULT

Table 2.1
RANGE:50mA
VOLTAGE

PMMC

DMM

5V
10V
15V

5 mA
10 mA
15.01 mA

5.02 mA
10.04 mA
15.06 mA

%
DIFFERENCE
0.39%
0.40%
0.33%

RANGE:75mA
VOLTAGE

PMMC

DMM

5V
6V
7V

52.5 mA
60mA
73.25 mA

50.08 mA
60.02 mA
70.6 mA

RANGE:100mA
VOLTAGE

PMMC

DMM

8V
9V
10V

81.2 mA
91 mA
100 mA

81.2 mA
91.5 mA
101.6 mA

VII. PICTURES OF THE EXPERIMENT PERFORM

%
DIFFERENCE
4.8%
0.03%
3.75%
%
DIFFERENCE
0%
0.54%
1.57%

Figure 3: Computation of the Design Ammeter Using


PMMC

Figure 4: Reading of PMMC and DMM with 10V Supply (Range:100

mA).

Figure 5: Measured value of Current using PMMC and DMM Instruments


(Range:100 mA).

Figure 6: Measured value of Current using PMMC and DMM Instruments


with 7V Supply (Range:75mA).

VIII. ANALYSIS OF RESULTS


The student have analyzed that from the given results, the voltage measured
in the system depends on the voltage and resistor connected in series with the

system. The current measured using the PMMC is almost the same or approximately
equal to the current measure using digital multi-meter.

IX. CONCLUSION
The student have concluded that by shunting some resistors connected to the
PMMC the student can design an ammeter. The student also noticed that the
measured value of current using PMMC and Digital multimeter is approximately the
same so the percentage difference of the experiment decreases.

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