BROWN UNIVERSITY

Division of Applied Mathematics

Guide to Undergraduate Programs

Revised February 6, 2014

1|Page

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION

WHAT IS APPLIED MATHEMATICS?

CAREER PATHS
APPLIED MATHEMATICS AT BROWN
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

3
4
4
5

CHOOSING COURSES

INTRODUCTION
ROADMAP
SAMPLE COURSE PROGRAMS
INDEPENDENT STUDY
SENIOR SEMINARS
THE WRITING REQUIREMENT

6
6
9
11
11
12

STANDARD CONCENTRATIONS

13

APPLIED MATHEMATICS PROGRAM A.B. DEGREE

APPLIED MATHEMATICS PROGRAM SC.B. DEGREE
APPLIED MATHEMATICSBIOLOGY SC.B. DEGREE
APPLIED MATHEMATICSCOMPUTER SCIENCE SC.B. DEGREE
APPLIED MATHEMATICSECONOMICS CONCENTRATION
CONCENTRATION ADVISORS

13
13
14
15
16
19

UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCH

21

HONORS PROGRAM

21

PRIZES

23

THE ROHN TRUELL PREMIUM PRIZE

SIGMA XI

23
23

APPLIED MATHEMATICS COURSES TO BE OFFERED IN 2011-2012

24

COURSES

25

COURSES IN APPLIED MATHEMATICS

COURSES IN OTHER DEPARTMENTS

25
38

2|Page

Introduction
This short guide is intended to give students and faculty an overview of the undergraduate
program in Applied Mathematics at Brown University, and to answer some of the commonly
raised questions. Applied Mathematics is an interdisciplinary subject involving both
mathematics and many areas of application. More so than in many other areas it is important
to have an overview of the subject and how it relates to other programs at Brown.

What is Applied Mathematics?

Applied Mathematics has a profound impact on our daily lives. Whether it is weather forecasts,
search engines, climate research, secure online shopping, or movie recommendations, none of
these would work the way they do without algorithms and tools from the mathematical
sciences. More generally, Applied Mathematics is an inherently interdisciplinary subject, which
covers a wide spectrum of scientific activities. It is the mathematics of problems arising in the
physical, life and social sciences as well as in engineering, and provides a broad qualitative and
quantitative background for use in these fields.
Owing to its nature, Applied Mathematics appeals to people with a variety of different
interests, ranging from those with a desire to obtain a good quantitative background for use in
some future career, to those who wish to have a better understanding of the basic
mathematical aspects of other fields, or to those who are interested in the fundamental
mathematical techniques and approaches in themselves. Many students begin taking courses
in the Division of Applied Mathematics and discover their favorite areas of study as they go
along. The program stresses but is not limited to computing, differential equations, and applied
probability which are areas of mathematics that are used most often in applications in science,
society and industry. The curriculum of the Division is flexible enough to meet the goals and
interests of a very wide range of students.
The basic mathematical skills of Applied Mathematics come from a variety of sources, which
depend on problems from areas of interest: the theory of ordinary and partial differential
equations, matrix theory, statistical sciences, probability and decision theory, risk and insurance
analysis, the classical methods for formulating and solving problems in the sciences, operational
analysis, optimization theory, the mechanics of solid materials and of fluids flows, numerical
analysis, scientific computation and the science of modern computer based modeling.
Students take courses in applied mathematics for many reasons, not necessarily with an applied
mathematics concentration in mind. The value of learning about applied mathematics goes
beyond a career opportunity. It provides an education in the use of quantitative methods in
thinking about and solving problems: knowledge that is valuable in all walks of life.

3|Page

Career Paths
The various concentrations in Applied Mathematics do prepare students for a great variety of
career opportunities. In recent years, students who have followed one of the undergraduate
concentrations in Applied Mathematics have gone into many different areas including: banking,
finance, and investment sector; actuarial and insurance sector; computer and software
industry; consulting companies; teaching; graduate study in applied mathematics, business,
economics, engineering, physical or earth sciences; scientific careers in industry or government
service; medical school; operations research or statistical analysis in industry or government
agencies. In particular, courses offered in applied mathematics provide the preparation needed
for several of the actuarial professional examinations. Business schools often seek graduate
applicants with a good background in applied mathematics and economics.
If you would like to find out more about what Applied Mathematics is useful for and which
types of careers people pursue with a degree in Applied Mathematics, please have a look at
SIAM's career brochure at http://www.siam.org/careers/thinking/pdf/brochure.pdf
or go
to the career pages of the following professional societies:
American Mathematical Society (AMS)
Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (SIAM)
Mathematical Association of America (MAA)
American Statistical Society (ASA)
Association for Women in Mathematics (AWM)
Institute for Operations Research and the
Management Sciences (INFORMS)
National Academy of Sciences
Casualty Actuarial Society
Society of Actuaries

http://www.ams.org/profession/ca
reer-info/career-index
http://www.siam.org/careers/
http://www.maa.org/careers/
http://www.amstat.org/
http://www.awm-math.org/
http://www.informs.org
http://www.nap.edu
http://www.casact.org
http://www.soa.org

Each fall, the American Mathematical Society publishes an informative online guide entitled
Assistantships and Graduate Fellowships in the Mathematical Sciences, which may be useful for
undergraduates interested in pursuing a graduate degree in the mathematical sciences.

Applied Mathematics at Brown

Brown University is unusual in having a separate department devoted to Applied Mathematics.
The Division of Applied Mathematics was created in 1941 in response to the awareness of the
contributions that such a program could make to the dramatically increasing national scientific
and engineering needs of that period. Since then the scope and interests of the Division have
developed as the subject areas have evolved.
4|Page

The Division of Applied Mathematics provides a special environment for the interaction of
people with varied scientific interests. The Division draws together faculty who elsewhere
might be dispersed in quite different departments, depending on their primary interests.
The standard Applied Mathematics concentrations lead to either the A.B. or Sc.B. degrees. The
program is very flexible. Numerous joint programs with other departments are described
below, and individual concentrations suited to particular needs can be arranged. The range of
offerings, either within Applied Mathematics alone or in combination with offerings of other
departments, provides almost endless opportunities.

Frequently Asked Questions

A list of frequently asked questions (and answers) about our undergraduate program can be
found on the Divisions website at http://www.dam.brown.edu/undergraduate/.

5|Page

Choosing Courses
Introduction
The courses in Applied Mathematics are designed for students with a wide range of goals and
are not limited to the needs of students following an applied mathematics concentration. There
are many opportunities for students to explore different subject areas and see which they find
most interesting. At the end of this undergraduate guide, we list and explain the courses
offered by the Division and a selection of courses from other departments that are relevant to
applied mathematics by either giving further applications or providing additional mathematical
background. In the present section, we discuss a few general guidelines and recommendations
for choosing courses.
When choosing courses consider what your goals are. Do you wish to pursue applied
mathematics at a graduate level? Do you wish to gain a good basis in applied mathematics at an
undergraduate level, but intend later to pursue some other related area? Are you simply taking
courses for general understanding and knowledge?
A general recommendation for students planning to follow graduate study in any subject
relating to applied mathematics (engineering, economics, physics, chemistry, computer science,
etc.) is to complete the three semester calculus sequence MATH 0090, 0100 and 0180 or the
equivalent; and in addition to complete the linear algebra course MATH 0520 or MATH 0540.
This recommendation is also sound advice for all students.
Students taking courses in applied mathematics start either with one of the lower level courses
(APMA 0090 or APMA 0160) or with the Mathematical Methods courses APMA 0350/0360 (or
0330/0340), which provide many of the basic approaches used in applied mathematics. The
Statistical Inference course APMA 1650 provides the introduction to the other courses in
statistics and operations research, while APMA 1170 gives a good overview of numerical
methods. Beyond these comments, students should select courses so that they pursue specific
topic areas in a coherent manner.
Students following the applied mathematics concentration and intending to go on to graduate
study in this subject should take some additional mathematics courses, such as those
mentioned later in this section. Faculty concentration advisors will be glad to give advice on
course selections to all students.

Roadmap
The following two pages contain a roadmap for choosing courses and explain in particular some
of the prerequisites that determine the order in which courses should be taken. Beginning in
Fall 2014, Applied Math will offer a new class APMA 0090 to freshman exploring applied math.
6|Page

Roadmap'to'Choosing'Courses'(Explanation'of'Prerequisites)'
Courses'Intended'for'Non<Majors:'
APMA$0180,$0410,$0650$
$

Courses'to'Fulfill'the'Programming'Concentration'Requirement'
APMA$0090,$0160,$CSCI$0040,$0150,$0170$
$

Prerequisites:'
Most$courses$in$the$Division$of$Applied$Mathematics$require$MATH$0090$and$0100.$$It$will$be$expected'that$most$students$
taking$APMA$0330,$0340,$and$ALL'students$taking$APMA$0350,$0360$will$have$taken$MATH$0180$or$MATH$0350$(or$
equivalent).$$Although$some$students$will$be$taking$this$course$at$the$same$time,$it$is$not$recommended.$$Students$are$
strongly$encouraged$to$take$MATH$0520$or$0540$(Linear$Algebra).$$The$majority$of$students$in$APMA$0350,$0360$have$taken$a$
linear$algebra$course.$$Linear$Algebra$may$be$taken$concurrently$with$APMA$0350,$0360$but$some$material$may$not$be$
covered$before$it$is$needed$and$the$student$will$be$expected$to$cover$this$material$independently.$
Prerequisites'Summary:'MATH$0090,$0100,$0180/0350,$and$0520/0540$
$

Introductory'Courses:'
1st'year:'
'
'
nd
2 ''year:' '
'

Finish$calculus$sequence$and$linear$algebra$in$the$Math$department$
'
'
'
Differential'Equations'(Note$recommended$prerequisites$above)'
$

APMA$0330,$0340$$$
$
$
$
$
(intended$for$majors$in$the$physical$sciences/engineering)$$

OR$$ $
$
$

$
$

$
$
APMA$0350,$0360$
(intended$for$Applied$Mathematics$majors)$

Statistics'
APMA$1650$(Prereq:$MATH$0090,$0100)$
'

Roadmap'for'Choosing'Courses'Continued'
Diff$Eqs$(0330,$0340$or$0350,$0360)$ $

Linear$Algebra$(MATH$0520/0540)$

Statistics$(1650)$

$
$
$
''''3rd'and'4th'years:'
PDEs$ $

Bio$Systems$$

$$Numerical$Analysis$

Operations$Research$

Dynamical$Systems$

Statistics*$

1330$ $

1070$ $

$$1170$$

$$$1200$

$1210$$

1360$(senior$seminar)$

1660,$1680,$1690,$1700$

1080$ $

1180$ $

1670$

*$APMA$1650$is$a$prerequisite$to$all$other$statistics$courses$

4th'year:'
Senior'Seminars:'
Courses$numbered$1930$or$1940$fulfill$the$senior$seminar$requirement$and$the$topics$vary$from$year$to$year.$$Note:$there$are$other$
courses$such$as$1360$which$may$also$fulfill$the$senior$seminar$requirement.$
$

Independent'Study:'
Courses$numbered$1950,$1960,$or$1970$are$reserved$for$independent$studies$and$should$be$scheduled$with$the$supervising$faculty$
member.$$

Sample Course Programs

Regardless of which upper-level courses are chosen to fulfill concentration requirements, all
students concentrating in Applied Mathematics take the following core courses:
Core Courses
Calculus sequence: Math 0090, 0100, 0180 (or 0350).
Some students may have advanced placement of transfer credit for these courses.
Please speak with the Mathematics department about placement or credit for
calculus courses.
Linear Algebra: MATH 0520 or preferably 0540
Differential Equations: APMA 0350 and 0360
Computing Course: APMA 0090 or 0160 or CSCI 0040, 0150, or 0170
After the core courses there are many options for students. The following are just a few
possible outlines of courses to fulfill the ScB degree requirements in Applied Mathematics.
Since many courses are sequential or have prerequisites it is important to outline your course
of study to ensure that you will have time to complete the requirements.
The following examples fulfill the 6 required unspecified 1000-level courses and the required
core courses; they do not include the extra unspecified courses needed to complete the
concentration.
For those interested in Probability, Statistics, or Finance:
Semester I

Semester II

Math 0180/0350 (Calculus)

Math 0520/0540 (Linear Algebra)

Computing course

Semester III

Semester IV

APMA 0350 (Diff Eq)

APMA 0360 (Diff Eq)

APMA 1650 (Stats)

APMA 1660 (Stats)

Computing course (if not taken already)

Semester V/VII

Semester VI/VIII

APMA 1690 (Computational Prob. And Stat)

APMA 1720 (Monte Carlo Methods/Finance)

9|Page

APMA 1710 (Information Theory)

APMA 1930 (Senior Seminar)

APMA 1200 (Operations Research)

or

APMA 1940 (Senior Seminar)

For those interested in considering Graduate School:

Semester I

Semester II

Math 0180/0350 (Calculus)

Math 0520/0540 (Linear Algebra)

Computing course

Semester III

Semester IV

APMA 0350 (Diff Eq)

APMA 0360 (Diff Eq)

APMA 1650 (Stats)

APMA 1660 (Stats)

Computing course (if not taken already)
MATH 1010 (Analysis)

Semester V/VII

Semester VI/VIII

APMA 1170 (Numerical Analysis)

APMA 1180 (Numerical Analysis)

APMA 1210 (Operations Research)

APMA 1360 (Dynamics)

APMA 1930 (Senior Seminar)

or

APMA 1970 (Independent Study/Thesis)

APMA 1940 (Senior Seminar)

Graduate level courses

Other suggestions are MATH 1260 (Complex Analysis) or MATH 1530 (Algebra), which are
accepted for the Applied Mathematics concentration.

For those interested in a computational approach:

Semester I

Semester II

Math 0180/0350 (Calculus)

Math 0520/0540 (Linear Algebra)

Computing course

Computing course

Semester III

Semester IV

APMA 0350 (Diff Eq)

APMA 0360 (Diff Eq)

APMA 1170 (Numerical Analysis)

10 | P a g e

APMA 1650 (Stats)

Semester V/VII

Semester VI/VIII

APMA 1210 (Operations Research)

APMA 1180 (Numerical Analysis)

APMA 1710 (Information Theory)

APMA 1690 (Computational Prob. And Stat.)
APMA 1930 (Senior Seminar)

or

APMA 1940 (Senior Seminar)

For those interested in insurance mathematics:

Although not specifically designed for this purpose, some of the Division's courses offer
preparation for several of the Associateship examinations for the Society of Actuaries
and the Casualty Actuarial Society. In particular, APMA 1650 closely matches the
material for Exam 1/P, and most students will be able to take Exam 1/P after APMA
1650 with a small amount of additional studying. Also, APMA 1700 is a good preparation
for Exam 3L/MLC. Much of the stochastic modeling and simulation material for Exams
3/MFE and Exam 4/C is covered in APMA 1720 and APMA 1200.

Independent Study
If you are interested in learning about a specific topic or area that we do not offer courses on,
you could consider taking APMA 1970 (Independent Study). To enroll in an Independent Study,
students need to find a faculty sponsor who is willing to work with them on a syllabus, agree on
a form of assessment, and advise them over the course of the semester. The Divisions
concentration advisors can help you identify potential faculty sponsors if you need help or
advice.

Senior Seminars
The Division usually offers at least two senior seminars each year. The topics vary from
year to year, so please check on Banner for current listings. Independent study and some
of our advanced courses such as APMA 1360 can be used instead of the senior seminar to
satisfy the senior seminar requirement. Please note that seminar subjects change all the
time, so if you see something that appears interesting in your junior year, you should
explore the class and see if it is right for you.

11 | P a g e

The Writing Requirement

As part of Browns writing requirement, all students must demonstrate that they have
worked on their writing both in their general studies and their concentration. Students in
their first two years will generally take courses in English, Comparative Literature, or those
marked "WRIT" in Banner; those who have not taken such classes should upload a writing
sample into ASK before they declare a concentration. In their final two years, students are
expected to explore writing in the concentration.
There are a number of ways in which Applied Mathematics concentrators can work on
their writing as part of their concentration, and we now list a few examples:
Enrolling in a senior seminars (APMA 1930 or 1940);
Enrolling in an independent studies (APMA 1970);
Writing an honors thesis;
A WRIT course taken during your final two years;
Uploading an essay of 5-10 pages length on a topic in applied math to ASK: this
could be a project report written as part of an applied math class (such as APMA
1360) or a reflection about the courses you have taken in your concentration.
New concentrators need to outline in their concentration declaration how t hey intend to
work on their writing during their junior and senior years. If you have questions about the
writing requirement, please contact one of the applied mathematics concentration
advisors.

12 | P a g e

Standard Concentrations
Applied Mathematics offers several standard concentration programs, which are listed in detail
in the University Catalogue and the Course Announcement. Both the A.B. and Sc.B.
concentrations in Applied Mathematics require certain basic courses to be taken, but beyond
this there is a great deal of flexibility as to which areas of application are pursued. Students are
encouraged to take courses in applied mathematics, mathematics and one or more of the
application areas in the natural sciences, social sciences or engineering. Whichever areas are
chosen should be studied in some depth.

Applied Mathematics Program A.B. degree

Prerequisite: MATH 0090, 0100 or their equivalent.
Program: Ten additional semester courses approved by the Division of Applied Mathematics.
These classes must include:
MATH 0180 and 0520.
APMA 0350 and 0360.
One course on programming from the following list: APMA 0090, 0160, CSCI 0040, 0150,
or 0170.
APMA 0330, 0340 will sometimes be accepted as substitutes for APMA 0350, 0360. Of the
unspecified courses four should be chosen from the 1000-level courses taught by the Division
of Applied Mathematics. Substitution of alternate courses for the specific requirements is
subject to approval of the division. Concentrators are urged to consider MATH 0540 as an
alternative to MATH 0520 and to complete their introductory programming course before the
end of their sophomore year.

Applied Mathematics Program Sc.B. degree

Eighteen approved semester courses in mathematics, applied mathematics, engineering, the
natural or social sciences. These classes must include:
MATH 0090, 0100, 0180, and 0520.
APMA 0350 and 0360.
A senior seminar: APMA 1930 or 1940 or an approved equivalent.
One course on programming from the following list: APMA 0090, 0160, CSCI 0040, 0150,
or 0170.
APMA 0330, 0340 will sometimes be accepted as substitutes for APMA 0350, 0360. Of the
unspecified courses six should be chosen from the 1000-level or higher level courses taught by
the Division of Applied Mathematics. Substitution of alternate courses for the specific
13 | P a g e

requirements is subject to approval by the Division. Concentrators are urged to consider MATH
0540 as an alternative to MATH 0520 and to complete their introductory programming course
before the end of their sophomore year.

Applied MathematicsBiology Sc.B. degree

The Applied Math Biology concentration recognizes that mathematics is essential to address
many modern biological problems in the post genomic era. Specifically, high throughput
technologies have rendered vast new biological data sets that require novel analytical skills for
the most basic analyses. These technologies are spawning a new data-driven paradigm in the
biological sciences and the fields of bioinformatics and systems biology. The foundations of
these new fields are inherently mathematical with a focus on probability, statistical inference,
and systems dynamics. These mathematical methods apply very broadly in many biological
fields including some like population growth, spread of disease, that predate the genomics
revolution. Nevertheless, the application of these methods in areas of biology from molecular
genetics to evolutionary biology has grown very rapidly in with the availability of vast amounts
of genomic sequence data.
Required coursework in this program aims at ensuring expertise in mathematical and statistical
sciences, and their application in biology. The students will focus in particular areas of biology.
The program culminates in a senior capstone experience that pairs student and faculty in
creative research collaborations. Applied Math Biology concentrators are prepared for careers
in medicine, public health, industry and academia.
Requirements:
APMA 0350 (or 0330)
APMA 0360 (or 0340)
APMA 1650
One other approved 1000 level APMA course.
Four biology courses agreed upon by the student and advisor (see below for
some possible areas of emphasis).
MATH 0090, 0100 (or 0170), 0180 and 0520 (or an applied algebra course).
CHEM 0330 (organic chemistry and biochemistry are also recommended for
concentrations emphasizing these areas).
PHYS 0030, 0040 or PHYS 0050, 0060
Two additional courses in applied math, biology, chemistry, math, or physics. At
least one of these must be a directed research course that reflects the theme of
this program (e.g., APMA 1970 BIOL 1950/1960).
Possible areas of emphasis and suggested courses include:
14 | P a g e

Biochemistry: BIOL 0280 1270 and CHEM 0350, 0360 1230, 1240.
Cells, tissues, and organs: BIOL 0800 1100 1190 and/or appropriate
bioengineering courses, such as: BIOL 1090 1120 1140.
Neurosciences: NEUR courses APMA 0410.
Population biology and ecology: BIOL 0380 0420 0430 0450 0480 1410 1420
1430 1460.
Genetics: BIOL 0470 1410.
Concentration Advisors:
Professor David Rand, 3-1063 Walter Hall 202 or BioMed Center 418
Professor Charles Lawrence, 3-1479, Room 204, 182 George Street

Applied MathematicsComputer Science Sc.B. degree

The standard Sc.B. concentration in Applied Math-Computer Science is designed to provide a
foundation of basic concepts and methodology of mathematical analysis and computation. It
prepares students for advanced work in computer science, applied mathematics and scientific
computation. Interested students may contact advisors in the Division of Applied Mathematics
or the Department of Computer Science.
Sc.B. degree in Applied MathematicsComputer Science Normal Track
Prerequisites (2 courses):
Mathematics
An approved math course (any MATH course beyond 0090 except for 0420, or APMA
0330).
Concentration Requirements (16 or 17 courses):
Core Math
MATH 0180 or 0350
MATH 0520 or 0540, or CSCI 0530
Core Applied Mathematics
APMA 0350
APMA 0360
APMA 1170 or 1180
Core Computer Science
15 | P a g e

(CSCI 0150 and CSCI 0160) or (CSCI 0170 and CSCI 0180) or (CSCI 0190 and an
additional CS course not otherwise used: this can be CSCI 0180 or another
intermediate-level or advanced course)
Three of the following CSCI courses (of which one must be math-oriented and one
systems-oriented) from
o CSCI 0220 (math)
o CSCI 0450 (math)
o CSCI 0320 (systems)
o CSCI 0330 (systems)
o CSCI 0510 (math)
Additional Requirements
Three 1000 level Computer Science courses. These three courses must include a pair of
courses with a coherent theme. A list of approved pairs may be found at the approved
pairs web page: (http://www.cs.brown.edu/ugrad/concentrations/approvedpairs.html).
You are not restricted to the pairs on this list, but any pair not on the list must be
approved by the director of undergraduate studies.
Three 1000 level Applied Mathematics courses approved by the concentration advisor,
of which two should constitute a standard sequence or address a common theme.
Typical sequences include: APMA 1200/1210 and APMA 1650/1660.
A capstone course: a one semester course, normally taken in the student's last
undergraduate year, in which the student (or group of students) use a significant
portion of their undergraduate education, broadly interpreted, in studying some current
topic in depth, to produce a culminating artifact such as a paper or software project.
Sc.B. degree in Applied MathematicsComputer Science Professional Track
The professional track has the same concentration requirements as the normal track described
above with the added requirement of two summer Computer-Science-related internships or
research experiences. Students are required to write a reflective essay after each summer
experience that addresses how the summer work related to their coursework, what they
learned that they could not or did not learn during regular coursework, and that more generally
reflects on their experience and the outcomes of their internship or research experience.
Students need to upload these essays to ASK and receive approval from their advisor for each
essay.

16 | P a g e

Applied MathematicsEconomics Concentration

The philosophy of this program is to provide sufficient command of mathematical concepts to
allow pursuit of an economics program emphasizing modern research problems. Economic
theory has come to use more and more mathematics in recent decades, and empirical research
in economics has turned to sophisticated statistical techniques. The applied mathematicseconomics concentration is designed to reflect the mathematical and statistical nature of
modern economic theory and empirical research.
This concentration comes in two flavors, or tracks. The first is the advanced economics track,
which is intended to prepare students for graduate study in economics. The second is the
mathematical finance track, which is intended to prepare students for graduate study in
finance, or for careers in finance or financial engineering. Both tracks of the applied
mathematics-economics concentration have A.B. degree versions and Sc.B. degree versions.
A.B. degree in Applied MathematicsEconomics Advanced Economics Track
Prerequisites: MATH 0100, 0520.
Applied Mathematics Requirements:
(a) APMA 0350 and 0360 (APMA 0330 and 0340 may be substituted with advisor
approval). One course from APMA 0160, CSCI 0040, CSCI 0150, CSCI 0170. One
course from APMA 1200, 1210. APMA 1650.
(b) One course from APMA 1200, 1210, 1660, 1670, 1680, 1690, 1700, 1740, MATH
1010. No course may be used to simultaneously satisfy (a) and (b).
Economics Requirements:
ECON 1130 (or 1110 with permission), 1210, 1630; plus at least three other 1000level economics courses. Of those three courses, at least two must be chosen from
the mathematical-economics group. This group comprises ECON 1170, 1465,
1470, 1640, 1750, 1759, 1810, 1850, 1860, and 1870.
Sc.B. degree in Applied MathematicsEconomics Advanced Economics Track
Prerequisites: MATH 0100, 0520.
Applied Mathematics Requirements:

17 | P a g e

(a) APMA 0350 and 0360 (APMA 0330 and 0340 may be substituted with
advisor approval). One course from APMA 0160, CSCI 0040, CSCI 0150, CSCI
0170. One course from APMA 1200, 1210. APMA 1650.
(b) Two courses from APMA 1200, 1210, 1660, 1670, 1680, 1690, 1700, 1740,
MATH 1010. No course may be used to simultaneously satisfy (a) and (b).
Economics Requirements:
ECON 1130 (or 1110 with permission), 1210 and 1630; plus at least five other
1000-level economics courses. Of the five courses, three must be chosen from
the mathematical-economics group. This group comprises ECON 1170, 1465,
1470, 1640, 1750, 1759, 1810, 1850, 1860, and 1870.

A.B. degree in Applied MathematicsEconomics Mathematical Finance Track

Prerequisites: MATH 0100, 0520.
Applied Mathematics Requirements:
(a) APMA 0350 and 0360 (APMA 0330 and 0340 may be substituted with advisor
approval). One course from APMA 0160, CSCI 0040, CSCI 0150, CSCI 0170. APMA
1200. APMA 1650.
(b) One course from APMA 1180, 1330, 1660, 1670, 1680, 1690, 1700, 1720,
1740. MATH 1010. (APMA 1720 is most preferred in this list.)
Economics Requirements:
ECON 1130 (or 1110 with permission), 1210, 1630; plus three other 1000-level
economics courses. Of the three courses, two must be chosen from the
financial economics group, and one must be chosen from the "mathematical
economics" group. The "financial economics group comprises ECON 1710, 1720,
1750, 1760, 1765, 1770 and 1790. The "mathematical economics" group
comprises ECON 1170, 1465, 1470, 1640, 1750, 1759, 1810, 1850, 1860, and
1870. No course may be used to simultaneously satisfy the "financial economics"
and the "mathematical economics" requirements.
Sc.B. degree in Applied MathematicsEconomics Mathematical Finance Track

18 | P a g e

Prerequisites: MATH 0100, 0520.

Applied Mathematics Requirements:
(a) APMA 0350 and 0360 (APMA 0330 and 0340 may be substituted with
advisor approval). One course from APMA 0160, CSCI 0040, CSCI 0150, CSCI
0170. APMA 1200. APMA 1650.
(b) Two courses from APMA 1180, 1330, 1660, 1670, 1680, 1690, 1700, 1720,
1740. MATH 1010. (APMA 1720 is most preferred in this list).
Economics Requirements:
ECON 1130 (or 1110 with permission), 1210 and 1630; plus five other 1000level economics courses. Of the five courses, three must be chosen from the
financial economics group and two must be chosen from the "mathematical
economics" group. The "financial economics" group comprises ECON 1710,
1720, 1750, 1760, 1765, 1770 and 1790. The "mathematical economics" group
comprises ECON 1170, 1465, 1470, 1640, 1750, 1759, 1810, 1850, 1860, and
1870. No course may be used to simultaneously satisfy the "financial
economics" and the "mathematical economics" requirements.

19 | P a g e

Concentration Advisors
Please see one of our concentration advisors for further information and assistance.
Professor Govind Menon (Chair undergraduate committee, all concentrations)
Telephone 401.863.3793, Room 104
182 George Street
[email protected]
Professor Charles Lawrence (AM-Bio only)
Telephone 401.863.1479, Room 204
182 George Street
[email protected]
Professor Anastasios Matzavinos (all concentrations)
Telephone 401.863.1531, Room 325
182 George St
[email protected]
Professor Martin Maxey (all concentrations)
Telephone 401.863.1482, Room 206
37 Manning Street
[email protected]
Professor Boris Rozovsky (all concentrations except AM-Bio),
Telephone 401.863.1531, Room 325
182 George Street
[email protected]
Professor Bjorn Sandstede (Applied mathematics only)
Telephone 401.863.2815, Room 105
182 George Street
[email protected]

20 | P a g e

Undergraduate Research
Many faculty members in the Division offer opportunities for undergraduates who want to
pursue research projects in the summer or, sometimes, during the academic year. Interested
undergraduates should get in touch with a faculty member; your concentration advisor can
help you identifying faculty sponsors. If you plan to apply for an Undergraduate Teaching and
Research Award (UTRA) to fund your summer research, it is important to talk with prospective
faculty advisors early on, and ideally before the winter break.
Another option is to apply for one of the many Research Experience for Undergraduates
Summer Programs that are offered at universities and colleges throughout the US. The
American Mathematical Society keeps an up-to-date list of such activities on the following
website: www.ams.org/programs/students/undergrad/emp-reu
Application deadlines are usually in February or March. Financial support typically requires that
applicants are US citizens, nationals, or permanent residents.

Honors in Applied Mathematics

Students concentrating in applied mathematics whose work has consistently demonstrated
superior quality and culminated in a senior thesis of distinction will be recommended by the
division of applied mathematics for Honors from the University (magna cum laude) at
graduation.
Students seeking honors must complete at least two semesters of project work with a faculty
member in applied mathematics, or a closely related field. Students must register for credit for
the project via APMA 1970 or a similar independent study course. The project work culminates
in a written thesis, which is reviewed by the thesis advisor and a second reader, also conversant
with the field of inquiry. When the primary advisor for the thesis is not in applied mathematics,
the thesis must also be evaluated by a second reader who is on the faculty of applied
mathematics. The thesis work must be presented in the form of an oral presentation at the end
of the senior year at the Undergraduate Research Day in applied mathematics.
Excellence in grades within the concentration as well as a satisfactory evaluation by the
advisors are required for Honors. The student's grades must place them within the upper 20%
of their cohort, in accordance with university policy.
Students who wish to apply for honors are advised to find a thesis advisor by the end of their
junior year. Students must register for an independent study with their advisor for no less than
two semesters and formally declare their intention to their academic advisor to apply for
honors by Oct. 31 of their senior year.
21 | P a g e

Honors in Joint Concentrations

Please note that the deadlines for declaring honor differ between different joint concentrations
because of the differing needs and scale of each program.

Applied Mathematics-Biology
Honors in the applied math-biology concentration is based primarily upon an in-depth, original
research project carried out under the guidance of a Brown (and usually Applied Math or
BioMed) affiliated Faculty Advisor. Projects must be conducted for no less than two full
semesters, and students must register for credit for the project via APMA 1970 or BIOL
1950/1960 or similar independent study courses. The project culminates the writing of a thesis,
which is reviewed by the thesis advisor and a second reader. It is essential that the student
have one advisor from the biological sciences and one in applied mathematics. The thesis work
must be presented in the form of an oral presentation or poster at the annual Undergraduate
Research Day in either applied mathematics or biology. For information on registering for BIOL
1950/1960, please see www.biology.brown.edu/bug/ugres
Excellence in grades within the concentration as well as a satisfactory evaluation by the
advisors are also required for Honors. The student's grades must place them within the upper
20% of their cohort, in accordance with the university policy on honors.

Applied Mathematics-Computer Science

Students in the joint concentration must have a primary advisor who is on the faculty of either
applied mathematics or computer science. Students must abide by the honors requirements of
the advisors department.

Applied Mathematics-Economics
Honors in the applied math-economics concentration is based primarily upon an in-depth,
original research project carried out under the guidance of a Faculty Advisor in applied
mathematics or economics. Projects must be conducted for no less than two full semesters, and
students must register for credit for the project via APMA 1970 or ECON 1960/1970 or a similar
approved independent study courses. The project culminates in the writing of a thesis, which is
reviewed by the thesis advisor and a second reader. It is essential that the student have one
advisor from economics and one in applied mathematics.
Students are advised to first consult with an advisor on the suitability of their proposed work
22 | P a g e

for the joint concentration by the end of their junior year, or early in their senior year. Students
must formally declare their intention to apply for honors in the concentration to their advisor
no later than the last day to add or drop a class in the fall semester of their senior year.

Prizes
The Rohn Truell Premium Prize
Every year, the Rohn Truell Premium Prize is awarded to outstanding students graduating in the
Applied Mathematics concentration. The prize is named after Professor Truell, a former
chairman and professor in Applied Mathematics.

Sigma Xi
Each year graduating students who have a strong academic record of achievement in the
physical, mathematical and life sciences are considered for nomination to the Sigma Xi scientific
society.

23 | P a g e

Applied Mathematics Courses to be offered in 2014-2015

COURSE

SEMESTER

COURSE TITLE

APMA0100
APMA 0160
APMA0200
APMA 0330
APMA 0340
APMA 0350

I
II
I
I & II
I & II
I &II

Elementary Probability for Applications

Introduction to Computing Sciences
Mathematical Models
Methods of Applied Mathematics I
Methods of Applied Mathematics II
Methods of Applied Mathematics I

APMA 0360

II

Methods of Applied Mathematics II

APMA 0650
APMA 1070

II
I

Essential Statistics
Quantitative Models of Biological Systems

APMA 1080
APMA 1170

II
I

Inference in Genomics and Molecular Biology

Introduction to Numerical Analysis

APMA 1180

II

Introduction to Numerical Solutions of PDEs

APMA 1200

II

Operations Research: Probabilistic Models

APMA 1210

Operations Research: Deterministic Models

APMA 1330

Methods of Applied Mathematics III and IV

APMA1360

II

Topics in Chaotic Dynamics

APMA 1650

Statistical Inference I

APMA 1660

II

Statistical Inference II

APMA 1690

Computational Probability and Statistics

APMA 1710

Information Theory

APMA 1930

Senior Seminar

APMA 1940

II

Nonlinear Filtering for Hidden Markov Models

APMA 1970

I&II

Independent Study

24 | P a g e

Courses
Courses in Applied Mathematics
Introductory Courses
APMA 0090. Introduction to Modeling
This course provides an introduction to the mathematical modeling of selected biological,
chemical, engineering, and physical processes. The goal is to illustrate the typical way in which
applied mathematicians approach practical applications, from understanding the underlying
problem, creating a model, analyzing the model using mathematical techniques, and
interpreting the findings in terms of the original problem. Single-variable calculus is the only
requirement; all other techniques from differential equations, linear algebra, and numerical
methods, to probability and statistics will be introduced in class. Prerequisites: MATH 0100 or
equivalent.
APMA 0160. Introduction to Computing Sciences
For student in any discipline that may involve numerical computations. Includes instruction for
programming in MATLAB. Applications include solution of linear equations (with vectors and
matrices) and nonlinear equations (by bisection, iteration, and Newton's method),
interpolation, and curve-fitting, difference equations, iterated maps, numerical differentiation
and integration, and differential equations. Prerequisite: MATH 0100 or its equivalent.
APMA 0180. Modeling the World with Mathematics: An Introduction for NonMathematicians
Mathematics is the foundation of our technological society and most of its powerful ideas are
quite accessible. This course will explain some of these using historical texts and Excel. Topics
include the predictive power of 'differential equations' from the planets to epidemics,
oscillations and music, chaotic systems, randomness and the atomic bomb. Prerequisite: some
knowledge of calculus. Further information is available at
http://www.dam.brown.edu/people/mumford/AM18.
APMA 0410. Mathematical Methods in the Brain Sciences
Basic mathematical methods commonly used in the cognitive and neural sciences. Topics
include: introduction to differential equations, emphasizing qualitative behavior; introduction
to probability and statistics, emphasizing hypothesis testing and modern nonparametric
methods; introduction to Fourier analysis. Time permitting, also considers some elementary
information theory. Examples from biology, psychology, and linguistics. Prerequisite: MATH
0100 or equivalent.
APMA 0650. Essential Statistics
A first course in statistics emphasizing statistical reasoning and basic concepts. Comprehensive
25 | P a g e

treatment of most commonly used statistical methods through linear regression. Elementary
probability and the role of randomness. Data analysis and statistical computing using Excel.
Examples and applications from the popular press and the life, social and physical sciences. No
mathematical prerequisites beyond high school algebra.
Mathematical Methods
The courses APMA 0330/0350 and APMA 0340/0360 cover mathematical techniques involving
differential equations used in the analysis of physical, biological and economic phenomena. In
the sequence APMA 0330/0340 the primary emphasis is placed on the use of established
methods rather than on rigorous treatment of the underlying mathematics. APMA 0350/0360
covers similar material (except for introduction to statistics) in more depth. It is intended for
students who prefer a more rigorous development of the mathematical foundations of the
methods.
Students who are considering one of the concentrations in Applied Mathematics and others
who will be taking advanced courses in Applied Mathematics, Mathematics, Physics or
Engineering are encouraged to take APMA 0350/0360.
APMA 0330/0350. Methods of Applied Mathematics I
Solution of first order differential equations, including the use of exact differentials. Solution of
second order, linear differential equations. Laplace transform methods. Numerical methods for
solving ordinary differential equations.
APMA 0340/0360. Methods of Applied Mathematics II
Review of vector algebra and matrix methods, with applications to systems of linear, first order
differential equations. Nonlinear problems and stability. Introduction to partial differential
equations and Fourier series methods. Boundary value problems and an introduction to SturmLiouville systems. Note: APMA 0340 also contains a short introduction to probability/statistics.
Prerequisites: MATH 0090, 0100. It will be expected that most students taking APMA 0330,
0340 and all students taking APMA 0350, 0360 will have taken MATH 0180 (or equivalent) or
will be taking it at the same time. Students are strongly encouraged to take MATH 0520 or
MATH 0540 (Linear algebra). The majority of students in APMA 0350, 0360 have taken or are
taking a linear algebra course.
Beyond these two basic courses in mathematical methods, the Division offers a third course
APMA1330 that covers partial differential equations and their applications. More general
problems and specific methods of solution will be discussed, together with a more detailed
coverage of topics such as Fourier series and Fourier transforms. The course will be of
immediate relevance to students interested in applications to the physical sciences, engineering
and biology.
26 | P a g e

APMA 1330. Methods of Applied Mathematics III

Review of vector calculus and curvilinear coordinates. Partial differential equations. Heat
conduction and diffusion equations, the wave equation, Laplace and Poisson equations.
Separation of variables, special functions. Fourier series and power series solution of
differential equations. Sturm-Liouville problem and eigenfunction expansions.
Biological Systems
There are many applications of mathematics to the description and quantitative study of
biological processes. Applied mathematics provides many valuable tools in determining the
relative importance of the many factors that may affect biological systems in such diverse areas
as population studies, epidemiology, chemical oscillators and the nervous system.
The course APMA 1070 (BIOL 1490) listed below is suitable for students who may not be
specialists in biology but have some background in the subject, and are interested in some of
the applications of mathematics in the biological sciences. There are also interested related
courses in biomechanics offered in Engineering (ENGN 1210, 1220).
APMA 1070. Quantitative Models of Biological Systems (BIOL 1490)
An introductory course on the use of quantitative modeling techniques in solving problems in
biology. Each year one major biological area will be explored in detail from a modeling
perspective. The particular topic will vary from year to year. Mathematical techniques will be
discussed as they arise in the context of biological problems. Prerequisites: some introductory
level biology; APMA 0330, 0340 or 0350, 0360; or written permission.
APMA 1080. Inference in Genomics and Molecular Biology
Traditional and Bayesian statistical inferences on biopolymer data including: sequence
alignment; structure prediction; regulatory signals; significances of searches; phylogeny; and
functional genomics. Emphasis is on discrete high dimensional objects common in field.
Statistical topics: parameter estimation; hypothesis testing and false discovery rates; statistical
decision theory; and Bayesian posterior inference. Prerequisites: APMA 1650 and BIOL 1470 or
BIOL 1500, and programming experience minimally Matlab.
Numerical Analysis and Scientific Computation
The course APMA 1170 is a valuable, general introduction to numerical methods that are widely
used in many applications. It provides an essential basis for scientific computation, whatever
the area of interest. APMA 1180 is more specifically focused on ordinary and partial differential
equations. This would be of value to students with interests in applications to the physical
sciences or engineering.
APMA 1170. Introduction to Computational Linear Algebra
Focuses on fundamental algorithms in computational linear algebra with relevance to all
27 | P a g e

science concentrators. Basic linear algebra and matrix decompositions (Cholesky, LU, QR, etc.),
round-off errors and numerical analysis of errors and convergence. Iterative methods and
conjugate gradient techniques. Computation of eigenvalues and eigenvectors, and an
introduction to least squares methods. A brief introduction to Matlab is given. Prerequisites:
MATH 0520 is recommended, not required.
APMA 1180. Introduction to the Numerical Solution of Differential Equations
Fundamental numerical techniques for solving ordinary and partial differential equations.
Overview of techniques for approximation and integration of functions. Development of
multistep and multistage methods, error analysis, step-size control for ordinary differential
equations. Solution of two-point boundary value problems, introduction to methods for solving
linear partial differential equations. Introduction to Matlab is given but some programming
experience is expected. Prerequisites: APMA 0330, 0340 or 0350, 0360. APMA 1170 is
recommended.
Operations Analysis
Operations Analysis originated with attempts to make optimal decisions about the allocation of
scarce resources, the design of efficient distribution networks and the need to make rational,
optimal decisions when faced with uncertain information. The field has grown now to include
many of the mathematical methods and models which are used for the design, optimization
and analysis of management systems in government, business and economics.
Two courses which cover the fundamental ideas and methods of the field are offered: Applied
Mathematics 1200 is concerned with probabilistic or statistical models, where the system of
concern is subject to randomness or uncertainty of some sort. It is an excellent introduction to
some of the most widely used models and ideas of probability theory as well as their use in
practical problems; Applied Mathematics 1210 is concerned with optimization or analysis
methods for deterministic problems. The courses deal with both the theory and selected
applications.
Students may also be interested in the closely related course ENGN 1320 - Transportation
Systems Analysis.
APMA 1200. Operational Analysis: Probabilistic Models
Methods of problem formulation and solution. Introduction to the theory of Markov chains, the
probabilistic `analog' of a difference or differential equation. This is the most widely used of the
probabilistic processes which evolve over time according to some statistical rule. Birth-death
statistical processes and their applications. Queuing, probabilistic service and waiting line
theory. Sequential decision theory via the methods of Dynamic Programming. This is the theory
of optimal decisions when a sequence of decisions is to be made over time, each one affecting
the situation of those that come later. Prerequisite: APMA 1650, or MATH 1610, or equivalent
28 | P a g e

APMA 1210. Operational Analysis: Deterministic Methods

An introduction to the basic mathematical ideas and computational methods of optimization.
Linear Programming: This is the theory of optimal decision making under linear constraints on
resources, and may be the most widely used set of ideas in the field. Applications include
decision theory in economics, transportation theory, optimal assignments, production and
operations scheduling. The theory of network modeling and flows. The theory of integer
programming, which constitute the ideas for decision and optimization when the decision
variables are integers (e.g., number of staff to be assigned etc.). Prerequisites: An introduction
to matrix calculations, such as APMA 0340 or MATH 0520.
Mechanics
Two undergraduate courses APMA 1250 and APMA 1260 are offered in mechanics. The
prerequisites for both are an introductory mechanics course such as ENGN 0040, PHYS 0050,
PHYS 0070, and mathematical methods APMA 0330,0340. APMA 1250 covers the mechanics of
systems of particles and rigid bodies, including motion in rotating systems. It explains the
advanced methods used to study complex systems, and gives an understanding of the unusual
characteristics of general rigid body motion. APMA 1260 is a self-contained, one semester
course providing an introduction to the mechanics of fluid motion and the elasticity of solids.
The course differs from traditional engineering courses in this area and will emphasize other
applications to physics, earth sciences, biomechanics, and other sciences.
Beyond these courses students may also consider courses in Engineering or Geological Sciences
which are listed later in this guide, or some of the first-year graduate courses offered in Applied
Mathematics or Engineering on mechanics, fluid dynamics and solid mechanics.
Mechanics provides a rich supply of examples of chaotic dynamical systems, which are
discussed in the course on Chaotic Dynamics (APMA 1360). This is an exciting area which is
continuing to develop.
Dynamical Systems
The presence of motion in deterministic systems that is effectively unpredictable is now
recognized as an essential scientific phenomenon, and modern science is slowly coming to
terms with its implications. This so-called "chaos" has challenged mathematicians and there is
now a substantial mathematical theory supporting the observations of chaotic behavior in the
real world. Despite its recent surge in popularity, an early motivation was the study by Poincare
and others at the end of the last century of celestial mechanics. Here supposedly simple
systems governed by well-defined equations of motion appeared to have very complex
behavior and to be very sensitive to disturbances. As techniques of mathematical modeling
have developed for new, more varied applications in economics, biology and chemistry so too
has the realization that complex behavior is a common feature of nonlinear systems. The
29 | P a g e

course APMA 1360 presents in a systematic way the mathematical concepts and definitions
used in the study of nonlinear systems.
APMA 1360. Topics in Chaotic Dynamics
Overview and introduction to dynamical systems. Local and global theory of maps. Attractors
and limit sets. Lyapunov exponents and dimensions. Fractals: definition and examples. Lorentz
attractor, Hamiltonian systems, homoclinic orbits and Smale horseshoe orbits. Chaos in finite
dimensions and in PDEs. Can be used to fulfill the senior seminar requirement in applied
mathematics. Prerequisites: APMA 0340 or 0360, or MATH 1110; MATH 0520 or 0540.
Statistics: Theory and Applications
Probability and statistics are basic tools in economics, physics, biological modeling, many
modern applications of computers (such as to image analysis, speech recognition, and expert
systems), epidemiology, and in many industrial applications, such as quality control, factory
automation, optimal resource allocation, and risk assessment. The sequence APMA 1650/1660
provides an introduction to the general theory. Other courses, requiring AM 1650 (or MATH
1610) as prerequisites, explore some of the more modern and more powerful statistical tools
and some applications. These include APMA 1670 (Time Series Analysis), APMA 1680
(Nonparametric Statistics), APMA 1770 (Information Theory), APMA 1200 (Operations
Research: Probabilistic Models), and various "Senior Seminar Courses" (listed under APMA 1930
or APMA 1940) such as Introduction to Pattern Analysis, The Mathematics of Speculation, and
Information and Coding Theory.
APMA 1650. Statistical Inference I
APMA 1650/1660 constitute an integrated first course in mathematical statistics. The first half
of APMA 1650 is probability theory, and the last half is statistics, integrated with its
probabilistic foundation. Specific topics include probability spaces, discrete and continuous
random variables, methods for parameter estimation, large and small sample techniques for
confidence intervals and hypothesis testing. Prerequisite: Mathematics 0100 or equivalent.
APMA 1660. Statistical Inference II
APMA 1660 is designed as a sequel to APMA 1650 to form one of the alternative tracks for an
integrated years course in mathematical statistics. The main topic is linear models in statistics.
Specific topics include likelihood-ratio tests, nonparametric tests introduction to statistical
computing, matrix approach to simple-linear and multiple regression, analysis of variance, and
design of experiments. Prerequisite: APMA 1650, or equivalent, basic linear algebra.
APMA 1670. Time Series Analysis
An introduction to stochastic processes - the study of structure and randomness in sequences
of observations. Time series analysis is used to model complex interactions among evolving
observations in diverse applications, such as Economics (market prices, economic indicators),
Biology (nerve cell activities), Engineering (speech and other sound waveforms). Time series
30 | P a g e

models are a mixture of deterministic and random components, which capture structure and
fluctuations respectively. The course will cover basic classes of models and some of their
applications, parameter estimation, and spectral (Fourier) analysis. Prerequisite: APMA 1660.
APMA 1680. Non-parametric Statistics
A systematic treatment of the distribution-free alternatives to classical statistical tests. These
nonparametric tests make minimum assumptions about distributions governing the generation
of observations, yet are of nearly equal power as the classical alternatives. Prerequisite: APMA
1650 or equivalent.
APMA 1690. Introduction to Computational Probability and Statistics
Examination of probability theory and mathematical statistics from the perspective of
computing. Topics selected from random number generation, Monte Carlo methods, limit
theorems, stochastic dependence, estimation and hypothesis testing. Prerequisites: Linear
algebra and Applied Mathematics 1650 or equivalent. Some experience in programming is
desirable. Offered in alternate years
APMA 1700. The Mathematics of Insurance
The course consists of two parts: the first treats life contingencies, i.e. the construction of
models for individual life insurance contracts. The second treats the Collective Theory of Risk,
which constructs mathematical models for the insurance company and its portfolio of policies
as a whole. Suitable also for students proceeding to the Institute of Actuaries examinations.
Prerequisites: Probability Theory to the level of APMA 1650 or MATH 1610.
APMA 1710. Information Theory
Information theory is the mathematical study of the fundamental limits of information
transmission (or coding) and storage (or compression). This course offers a broad introduction
to information theory and its real-world applications. A subset of the following is covered:
entropy and information; the asymptotic equipartition property; theoretical limits of lossless
data compression and practical algorithms; communication in the presence of noise channel
coding, channel capacity; source-channel separation; Gaussian channels; Lossy data
compression.
APMA 1720. Monte Carlo Simulation with Applications to Finance
The course will cover the basics of Monte Carlo and its applications to financial engineering:
generating random variables and simulating stochastic processes; analysis of simulated data;
variance reduction techniques; binomial trees and option pricing; Black-Scholes formula;
portfolio optimization; interest rate models. The course will use MATLAB as the standard
simulation tool. Prerequisites: APMA 1650 or MATH 1610.

31 | P a g e

Senior Seminar Courses

Each year the Division offers about two to four senior seminar courses (APMA 1930 and APMA
1940), which explore areas of applied mathematics in a manner different from the regular
lecture format. Students are encouraged to study more independently and develop specific
projects.
APMA 1930, APMA 1940. Senior Seminars
Independent study and special topics seminars in various branches of applied
mathematics, change from year to year. Recent topics include Mathematics of
Speculation, Scientific Computation, Coding and Information Theory, Topics in Chaotic
Dynamics, and Software for Mathematical Experiments. The following courses have been
offered in past semesters. For current listings, please see BANNER.
APMA 1930A. Actuarial Mathematics
A seminar considering selected topics from two fields: (1) life contingencies-the study of the
valuation of life insurance contracts; and (2) collective risk theory, which is concerned with the
random process that generates claims for a portfolio of policies. Topics are chosen from
Actuarial Mathematics, 2nd ed., by Bowers, Gerber, Hickman, Jones, and Nesbitt. Prerequisite:
knowledge of probability theory to the level of APMA 1650 or APMA 1610. Particularly
appropriate for students planning to take the examinations of the Society of Actuaries
APMA 1930B. Computational Probability and Statistics
Examination of probability theory and mathematical statistics from the perspective of
computing. Topics selected from: random number generation, Monte Carlo methods, limit
theorems, stochastic dependence, Bayesian networks, probabilistic grammars
APMA 1930C. Information Theory
Information theory is the mathematical study of the fundamental limits of information
transmission (or coding) and storage (or compression). This course offers a broad introduction
to information theory and its real-world applications. A subset of the following is covered:
entropy and information; the asymptotic equipartition property; theoretical limits of lossless
data compression and practical algorithms; communication in the presence of noise-channel
coding, channel capacity; source-channel separation; Gaussian channels; Lossy data,
compression.
APMA 1930D. Mixing and Transport in Dynamical Systems
Mixing and transport are important in several areas of applied science, including fluid
mechanics, atmospheric science, chemistry, and particle dynamics. In many cases, mixing seems
highly complicated and unpredictable. We use the modern theory of dynamical systems to

32 | P a g e

understand and predict mixing and transport from the differential equations describing the
physical process in question. Prerequisites: APMA 0330, 0350, 0360.
APMA 1930E. Ocean Dynamics
Works through the popular book by Henry Stommel entitled A View of the Sea. Introduces the
appropriate mathematics to match the physical concepts introduced in the book.
APMA1930G. The Mathematics of Sports
Topics to be discussed will range from the determination of who won the match, through
biomechanics, free-fall of flexible bodies and aerodynamics, to the flight of ski jumpers and
similar unnatural phenomena. Prerequisites: APMA 0110 and APMA 0340 or their equivalents,
or permission of the instructor.
APMA 1930H. Scaling and Self-Similarity
The themes of scaling and self-similarity provide the simplest, and yet the most fruitful
description of complicated forms in nature such as the branching of trees, the structure of
human lungs, rugged natural landscapes, and turbulent fluid flows. This seminar is an
investigation of some of these phenomena in a self-contained setting requiring a little
more mathematical background than high school algebra. Topics to be covered:
Dimensional analysis, empirical laws in biology, geosciences, and physics and the interplay
between scaling and function; an introduction to fractals; social networks and the small
world phenomenon.
APMA 1930J. Mathematics of Random Networks
An introduction to the emerging field of random networks and a glimpse of some of the latest
developments. Random networks arise in a variety of applications including statistics,
communications, physics, biology and social networks. They are studied using methods from a
variety of disciplines ranging from probability, graph theory and statistical physics to nonlinear
dynamical systems. Describes elements of these theories and shows how they can be used to
gain practical insight into various aspects of these networks including their structure, design,
distributed control and self-organizing properties. Prerequisites: Advanced calculus, basic
knowledge of probability.
APMA 1940. Senior Seminar
APMA 1940A. Coding and Information Theory
In a host of applications, from satellite communication to compact disc technology, the storage,
retrieval, and transmission of digital data relies upon the theory of coding and information for
efficient and error-free performance. This course is about choosing representations that
minimize the amount of data (compression) and the probability of an error in data handling

33 | P a g e

(error-correcting codes). Prerequisite: A knowledge of basic probability theory at the level of

APMA 1650 or APMA 1610.
APMA 1940B. Information and Coding Theory
Originally developed by C.E. Shannon in the 1940s for describing bounds on information rates
across telecommunication channels, information and coding theory is now employed in a large
number of disciplines for modeling and analysis of problems that are statistical in nature. This
course provides a general introduction to the field. Main topics include entropy, error
correcting codes, source coding, data compression. Of special interest will be the connection to
problems in pattern recognition. Includes a number of projects relevant to neuroscience,
cognitive and linguistic sciences, and computer vision. Prerequisites: High school algebra,
calculus. MATLAB or other computer experience helpful. Prior exposure to probability
theory/statistics helpful.
APMA1940C. Introduction to Mathematics of Fluids
Equations that arise from the description of fluid motion are born in physics, yet are interesting
from a more mathematical point of view as well. Selected topics from fluid dynamics introduce
various problems and techniques in the analysis of partial differential equations. Possible topics
include stability, existence and uniqueness of solutions, variational problems, and active scalar
equations. No prior knowledge of fluid dynamics is necessary.
APMA 1940D. Iterative Methods
Large, sparse systems of equations arise in many areas of mathematical application and in this
course we explore the popular numerical solution techniques being used to efficiently solve
these problems. Throughout the course we will study preconditioning strategies, Krylov
subspace acceleration methods, and other projection methods. In particular, we will develop a
working knowledge of the Conjugate Gradient and Minimum Residual (and Generalized
Minimum Residual) algorithms. Multigrid and Domain Decomposition Methods will also be
studied as well as parallel implementation, if time permits.
APMA 1940E. Mathematical Biology
This course is designed for undergraduate students in mathematics who have an interest in the
life sciences. No biological experience is necessary, as we begin by a review of the relevant
topics. We then examine a number of case studies where mathematical tools have been
successfully applied to biological systems. Mathematical subjects include differential equations,
topology and geometry.
APMA 1940F. Mathematics of Physical Plasmas
Plasmas can be big, as in the solar wind, or small, as in fluorescent bulbs. Both kinds are
described by the same mathematics. Similar mathematics describes semiconducting materials,
the movement of galaxies, and the re-entry of satellites. We consider how all of these physical
34 | P a g e

systems are described by certain partial differential equations. Then we invoke the power of
mathematics. The course is primarily mathematical. Prerequisites: APMA 0340 or 0360, MATH
0180 or 0200 or 0350, and PHYS 0060 or PHYS 0080 or ENGN 0510.
APMA 1940G. Multigrid Methods
Mulitgrid methods are a very active area of research in Applied Mathematics. An introduction
to these techniques will expose the student to cutting-edge mathematics and perhaps pique
further interest in the field of scientific computation.
APMA 1940H. Numerical Linear Algebra
This course will deal with advanced concepts in numerical linear algebra. Among the topics
covered: Singular Value Decompositions (SVD) QR factorization, Conditioning and Stability and
Iterative Methods.
APMA 1940I. The Mathematics of Finance
The mathematics of speculation as reflected in the securities and commodities markets.
Particular emphasis placed on the evaluation of risk and its role in decision-making under
uncertainty. Prerequisite: basic probability.
APMA 1940J. The Mathematics of Speculation
The course will deal with the mathematics of speculation as reflected in the securities and
commodities markets. Particular emphasis will be placed on the evaluation of risk and its role in
decision making under uncertainty. Prerequisite: basic probability.
APMA 1940K. Fluid Dynamics and Physical Oceanography
Introduction to fluid dynamics as applied to the mathematical modeling and simulation of
ocean dynamics and near-shore processes. Oceanography topics include: overview of
atmospheric and thermal forcing of the oceans, ocean circulation, effects of topography and
Earth's rotation, wind-driven currents in upper ocean, coastal upwelling, the Gulf Stream, tidal
flows, wave propagation, tsunamis.
APMA 1940L. Mathematical Models in Biophysics
Introduction to reaction models for biomolecules, activation and formation of macro molecules, stochastic simulation methods such as Langevin models and Brownian
dynamics. Applications to blood flow, platelet aggregation, and interactions of cells with
blood vessel walls.
APMA 1940M. The History of Mathematics
The course will not be a systematic survey but will focus on specific topics in the history of
mathematics such as Archimedes and integration, Oresme and graphing, Newton and
infinitesimals, simple harmonic motion, the discovery of Fourier series, the Monte Carlo
35 | P a g e

method, reading and analyzing the original texts. A basic knowledge of calculus will be
assumed.
APMA 1940N. Mathematical Models in Computational Biology
This course is designed to introduce students to the use of mathematical models in biology
as well as some more recent topics in computational biology. Mathematical techniques
will involve difference equations and dynamical systems theory ordinary differential
equations and some partial differential equations. These techniques will be applied in the
study of many biological applications as (i) Difference equations: population dynamics, red
blood cell production, population genetics; (ii) Ordinary differential equations: Predatorprey models, Lotka-Volterra model, modeling and evolution of the genome, heart beat
model/cycle, transmission dynamics of HIV and gonorrhea; (iii) Partial differential
equations: tumor growth, modeling evolution of the genome, pattern formation.
Prerequisites: APMA 0330 and APMA 0340.
APMA 1940O. Approaches to Problem Solving in Applied Mathematics
The aim of the course is to illustrate through the examination of unsolved (but elementary)
problems the ways in which professional applied Mathematicians approach the solution of
such questions. Ideas considered include: choosing the simplest nontrivial example,
generalization and specification. Ways to think outside convention. Some knowledge of
probability and linear algebra helpful. Suggested reading: How to solve it, by G. Polya
and Nonplussed, by Julian Havil.
APMA 1940P. Biodynamics of Block Flow and Cell Locomotion
APMA 1940Q. Filtering Theory
Filtering (estimation of a state process from noisy data) is an important area of modern
statistics. It is of central importance in navigation, signal and image processing, control theory
and other areas of engineering and science. Filtering is one of the exemplary areas where the
application of modern mathematics and statistics leads to substantial advances in engineering.
The goal of the course is to provide a student with the working knowledge sufficient for cutting
edge research in the field of nonlinear filtering and its practical applications. The topics we will
concentrate on include: hidden Markov models, Kalman and Wiener filters, optimal nonlinear
filtering, elements of Ito calculus and Wiener chaos, Zakai and Kushner equations, spectral
separating filters and wavelet based filters, numerical implementation of filters. We will
consider numerous applications of filtering to speech recognition, analysis of financial data,
target tracking and image processing. The course will be made accessible to undergraduate
students. No prior knowledge in the field is required but a good understanding of basic
Probability Theory (APMA1200 or APMA2630) is important.
APMA 1970. Independent Study
36 | P a g e

37 | P a g e

Courses in Other Departments

Applied Mathematics is an interdisciplinary subject, as noted earlier, and there are many
courses taught in other departments at Brown which are relevant to an applied mathematics
program, either in providing additional mathematical tools or in developing applications in one
of the sciences or engineering. Listed below are some suggested courses that complement
those offered by the Division, and which students may consider taking. The list is by no means
comprehensive. It is meant to suggest possible directions to explore.
Many of these courses would be accepted as part of an applied mathematics concentration
program. Students should ensure first that they have satisfied the prerequisites for a particular
course.
Mathematics
All Applied Mathematics majors should complete the calculus sequence MATH 0090, 0100,
0180 or the equivalent, and a course in linear algebra, MATH 0520 or 0540. A student
considering a graduate applied mathematics program in the future should go beyond this and
take some additional courses from the Mathematics Department.
Suggestions include:
MATH 1010 Analysis
MATH 1260 Complex Analysis
MATH 1530 Abstract Algebra
These and other courses in Mathematics are accepted for the Applied Mathematics
concentration.
Physics
The Physics Department offers several introductory courses such as PHYS 0050, 0060 or the
more advanced PHYS 0070, 0160. These are suitable for first year students and provide an
excellent background in the physical sciences and a good basis for other courses.
Suggested courses include:
PHYS 0050 Foundations of Mechanics
PHYS 0060 Foundations of Electromagnetism and Modern Physics
38 | P a g e

PHYS 0070 Analytical Mechanics

PHYS 0160 Physics of Waves, Relativity and Quantum Mechanics
PHYS 0470 Electricity and Magnetism
PHYS 1510 Advanced Electromagnetic Theory
PHYS 0500 Advanced Classical Mechanics
PHYS 0790 Physics of Matter
Other courses are relevant as applications areas in applied mathematics but are directed more
towards students following a concentration in physics.
Engineering
The structure of courses in Engineering is directed towards students following an accredited
engineering program. However, it is 0050, 0060 or the equivalent as preparation.
Suggested courses include:
ENGN 0310 Mechanics of Solids and Structures
ENGN 0520 Electrical Circuits and Signals
ENGN 0720 Thermodynamics
ENGN 0810 Fluid Mechanics
ENGN 1210 Biomechanics
ENGN 1220 Neuroengineering Control of Movement
ENGN 1570 Linear Systems Analysis
ENGN 1580 Communication Systems
ENGN 1630 Digital Electronics Systems Design
ENGN 1660 Automatic Control Systems
ENGN 1750 Advanced Mechanics of Solids
ENGN 1860 Advanced Fluid Mechanics
39 | P a g e

Department of Cognitive, Linguistic & Psychological Sciences

CLPS 0030

Introduction to Linguistic Theory

CLPS 1491 Neural Modeling Laboratory

Chemistry
The Chemistry Department offers a variety of courses on introductory chemistry, chemical
kinetics, inorganic and organic chemistry that are valuable for their general scientific content.
CHEM 0100 Introductory Chemistry
CHEM 0330 Equilibrium, Rate and Structure
At the 1000-level, more advanced courses offered include:
CHEM 1140 Physical Chemistry: Quantum Chemistry
CHEM1150 Physical Chemistry: Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics
Geological Sciences
GEOL 1350 Weather and Climate
GEOL 1600 Environmental and Engineering Geophysics
GEOL 1610 Solid Earth Geophysics
GEOL 1620 Continuum Physics of the Solid Earth
GEOL 1960 Special Topics in Geological Sciences
Computer Science
There is a standard concentration in Applied Mathematics - Computer Sciences for the Sc.B.
degree which lists specific course suggestions.
Biology
We have already mentioned the connections between applied mathematics and the study of
biological systems. Students interested in combining studies in Biology and Applied
40 | P a g e

Mathematics should consult a concentration advisor about structuring an independent

concentration.
There are two graduate level courses in Biology and Medicine Community Health that are
suitable for students who have taken statistics courses in Applied Mathematics and are
interested in public health issues.
PHP 2510 Principles of Biostatistics and Data Analysis
PHP 2511 Applied Regression Analysis
Economics
ECON 0110 -Principles of Economics
ECON 0180 - First Year Seminar
ECON 0510 - Development and the International Economy
ECON 0710 - Financial Accounting
ECON 0780 - Political Theory and Economic Analysis
ECON 0790 - Business, Economics, Ethics
ECON 1110 - Intermediate Microeconomics
ECON 1130 - Intermediate Microeconomics (Mathematical)
ECON 1160 - Managerial Economics
ECON 1170 - Welfare Economics
ECON 1185 - The Welfare State
ECON 1210 - Intermediate Macroeconomics
ECON 1220 - Monetary and Fiscal Policy
ECON 1310 - Labor Economics
ECON 1360 - Health Economics
ECON 1370 - Race and Inequality in the United States
ECON 1380 - Economics and the Law
41 | P a g e

ECON 1430 - Population Economics

ECON 1440 - Economic Theories of Firms
ECON 1460 - Industrial Organization
ECON 1470 - Bargaining Theory and Applications
ECON 1480 - Public Economics
ECON 1500 - Current Global Macroeconomic Challenges
ECON 1510 - Economic Development
ECON 1520 - The Economic Analysis of Institutions
ECON 1530 - Health, Hunger and the Household in Developing Countries
ECON 1540 - International Trade
ECON 1550 - International Finance
ECON 1560 - Economic Growth
ECON 1580 - Comparative Economic Systems
ECON 1590 - The Economy of China since 1949
ECON 1600 - Economics of the Middle East
ECON 1620 - Introduction to Econometrics
ECON 1630 - Econometrics I
ECON 1640 - Econometrics II
ECON 1710 - Investments I
ECON 1720 - Corporate Finance
ECON 1750 - Investments II
ECON 1759 - Data, Statistics, Finance
ECON 1760 - Financial Institutions
ECON 1765 - Finance, Regulation, and the Economy: Research

42 | P a g e

ECON 1770 - Fixed Income Securities

ECON 1780 - Corporate Strategy

ECON 1790 - Corporate Governance and Management
ECON 1800 - Politics and Finance
ECON 1810 - Economics and Psychology
ECON 1850 - Theory of Economic Growth
ECON 1860 - The Theory of General Equilibrium
ECON 1870 - Game Theory and Applications to Economics
ECON 1880 - Introduction to Two-Sided Matching Markets
ECON 1970 - Independent Research
ECON 1994 - Senior Thesis and Independent Research in Finance and Applied Economics
ECON 1995 - Senior Thesis and Independent Research in Finance and Applied Economics

43 | P a g e