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Electrical Engineers Interview Guide

This document provides an overview of common electrical engineering interview questions and their answers. It discusses basic concepts like current, voltage, circuit loads, Ohm's law, and components such as resistors, capacitors, and inductors. Current is defined as the flow of charge through a conductor, measured in amperes. Voltage is the potential difference between two points and is measured in volts. Circuit loads can be resistive, inductive, or capacitive. Ohm's law defines the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance in a circuit. Capacitors and inductors are discussed as passive elements used commonly in filters and transformers.

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68 views

Electrical Engineers Interview Guide

This document provides an overview of common electrical engineering interview questions and their answers. It discusses basic concepts like current, voltage, circuit loads, Ohm's law, and components such as resistors, capacitors, and inductors. Current is defined as the flow of charge through a conductor, measured in amperes. Voltage is the potential difference between two points and is measured in volts. Circuit loads can be resistive, inductive, or capacitive. Ohm's law defines the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance in a circuit. Capacitors and inductors are discussed as passive elements used commonly in filters and transformers.

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Electrical Engineers Interview Guide

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Saturday, 24 September 2011


Basic Electrical Engineering Interview Questions 1
What is Current?
Current can be dened as the motion of charge through a conducting material. The unit of current
is Ampere whilst charge is measured in Coulombs.
Please define Ampere
The quantity of total charge that passes through an arbitrary cross section of a conduct-ing
material per unit second is dened as an Ampere.
Mathematically,
I =Q/t
or Q = It
where Q is the symbol of charge measured in Coulombs (C), I is the current in amperes (A) and t
is the time in seconds (s).
Could you measure current in parallel?
No,Current is always measured through(in series with) a circuit element.
What Is the difference between Voltage or Potential Difference? And What are they?
Voltage or potential difference between two points in an electric circuit is1V if 1J (Joule) of
energy is expended in transferring 1 C of charge between those points.
It is generally represented by the symbol V and measured in volts (V). Note that the symbol and
the unit of voltage are both denoted by the same letter, however, it rarely causes any confusion.
The symbol V also signies a constant voltage (DC) whereas a time-varying (AC) voltage is
represented by the symbol v or v(t)
Could you measure Voltage in series?
No, Voltage is always measured across(in parallel with) a circuit element
How many Types of Circuit Loads are there in a Common Electrical Circuit?
A load generally refers to a component or a piece of equipment connected to the output of an
electric circuit. In its fundamental form, the load is represented by any one or a combination of
the following:
1. Resistor (R)
2. Inductor (L)
3. Capacitor (C)

A load can either be of resistive, inductive or capacitive nature or a blend of them. For example,
a
light bulb is a purely resistive load where as a transformer is both inductive and resistive. A
circuit
load can also be referred to as a sink since it dissipates energy whereas the voltage or current
supply can be termed as a source.
What are the different Sign Conventions used in electric circuits?
It is common to think of current as the ow of electrons. However, the standard convention is to
take the ow of protons to determine the direction of the current.
In a given circuit, the current direction depends on the polarity of the source voltage. Current
always ow from positive (high potential) side to the negative (low potential) side of the source
as shown in the schematic diagram of Figure 2.4(a) where Vs is the source voltage, VL is the
voltage across the load and I is the loop current owing in the clockwise direction.
In Source current leaves from the positive terminal
In Load (Sink) current enters from the positive terminal
What do you mean by Passive Circuit Elements and why these are called Passive?
Passive Circuit Elements:
Resistor, Capacitor, Inductor
State and define Ohms Law?
It is the most fundamental law used in circuit analysis. It provides a simple formula describing
the
voltage-current relationship in a conducting material.
Statement:
The voltage or potential difference across a conducting material is directly proportional
to the current owing through the material.
VI
V = RI or I =V/R
or R =V/I
where the constant of proportionality R is called the resistance or electrical resistance, measured
in ohms ().
Please Define Ohms Law for A.C(Alternating Current)?
Everything else would remain same only the resistance will be replaced with Impedance, which
is defined as the opposition to the flow of A.C.
What is the function of Capacitor in Electrical Circuits?
A capacitor is a passive circuit element that has the capacity to store charge in an electric eld. It
is widely used in electric circuits in the form of a lter.
Why Inductors are installed in electrical Circuits?
An inductor is a piece of conducting wire generally wrapped around a core of a ferromagnetic
material. Like capacitors, they are employed as lters as well but the most well known
application is their use in AC transformers or power supplies that converts AC voltage levels.
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