WIND LOAD [EX-A]

Project name:
Client:
Address:
Project locaton:

xxx
xxx
xxx
xxx

General Data:
Total length of the building, L =
Total width of the building or span of gable, B =
Bayspacing or spacing of rafter =
Eave height of the building, HE =
Ridge height of the building, HR =
Solution:
Sustained wind pressur, qz = CcCICzVb2
1) Basic wind speed from BNBC, Vb =
2) Structure importance coefficient, CI =
3) Velocity -to-pressure conversion coefficient, Cc =
4) Terrain exposure category =

118
49
13
10
13

35966
14935
3962
3048
3962

mm
mm
mm
mm
mm

260
kmph
161 mph
1
(Table 6.2.9, page-6-33)
4.7E-005 (Page-6-33)
A

Eexposure coefficient, Cz and sustained wind pressure, qz:

C4.5
qz =
( 0-15 ft) 0.368
C6
qz =
(20 ft)
0.415
C9
qz =
(30 ft)
0.497
C12
qz =
(40 ft)
0.565
C15
qz =
(50 ft)
0.624
C18
qz =
(60 ft)
0.677
C21
qz =
(70 ft)
0.725
C24
qz =
(80 ft)
0.769
C27
qz =
(90 ft)
0.81
C30
qz =
(100 ft)
0.849
C35
qz =
(115 ft)
0.909
5) Gust response factor, CG :
CG4.5
(0-15 ft)
CG6
(20 ft)
CG9
(30 ft)
CG12
(40 ft)
CG15
(50 ft)

ft
ft
ft
ft
ft

1.174
1.324
1.586
1.803
1.991
2.16
2.313
2.454
2.584
2.709
2.9

(Table 6.2.10, page-6-33)

kN/m2
kN/m2
kN/m2
kN/m2
kN/m2
kN/m2
kN/m2
kN/m2
kN/m2
kN/m2
kN/m2
(Table 6.2.11, page-6-36)

1.654
1.592
1.511
1.457
1.418

CG18
CG21
CG24
CG27
CG30
CG35

(60 ft)
(70 ft)
(80 ft)
(90 ft)
(100 ft)
(115 ft)

1.388
1.363
1.342
1.324
1.309
1.287

Average height of the gable, h =

At eave height of the gable frame, qhe =
For total height or average of gable frame, q h =
Gust response factor at total or average height, C Gh =
6) Internal peak pressure coefficient, C'pi =

11.5
0.795
0.915
1.289
6

Hence internal pressure or internal suction = C'piqh =

ft
kN/m2
kN/m2

3.506 meter

0.25
0.229

kN/m2

7) External pressure coefficient Cpe for walls:

a) For transverse wind:
Lower value of B/L =
Higher value of B/L =

0.1
0.65

B/L =

0.42

Cpe =
Cpe =

-0.5
-0.6

Windward wall, Cpe =

Leeward wall, Cpe =
Side or End walls, Cpe =
h/B =
Lower value of h/B =
Higher value of h/B =

0.8
-0.56
-0.7

(Figure 6.2.5, page-6-40)

(Interpolated value)

0.23

and u

6.98

degree

0.3
0.5

For u
Cpe =
Cpe =

0
-0.7
-0.7

and u
Cpe =
Cpe =

Windward roof, Cpe =

Leeward roof, Cpe =

-0.84
-0.7

10
-0.9
-0.9

degree

Normal to ridge

8) Design pressure for external forces plus internal suction, p = qzC GhCpe+C'piqh
Windward wall: 0-15 ft
15~20 ft
20~30 ft
30~40 ft
40~50 ft
50~60 ft
60~70 ft
70~80 ft

p=
p=
p=
p=
p=
p=
p=
p=

1.44
1.594
1.864
2.088
2.282
2.456
2.614
2.76

kN/m2
kN/m2
kN/m2
kN/m2
kN/m2
kN/m2
kN/m2
kN/m2

0.391
0.433
0.506
0.567
0.62
0.667
0.71
0.749

klf
klf
klf
klf
klf
klf
klf
klf

80~90 ft
90~100 ft
100~115 ft
Windward roof:
Leeward roof:
Leeward wall:
Side or End walls:

p=
p=
p=

2.894
3.023
3.219

kN/m2
kN/m2
kN/m2

0.786 klf
0.821 klf
0.874 klf

p=
p=
p=
p=

-0.762
-0.597
-0.345
-0.488

kN/m2
kN/m2
kN/m2
kN/m2

-0.207
-0.162
-0.094
-0.132

klf
klf
klf
klf

9) Design pressure for external forces plus internal pressure, p = q zCGhCpe-C'piqh

Windward wall: 0-15 ft
15~20 ft
20~30 ft
30~40 ft
40~50 ft
50~60 ft
60~70 ft
70~80 ft
80~90 ft
90~100 ft
100~115 ft
Windward roof:
Leeward roof:
Leeward wall:
Side or End walls:

p=
p=
p=
p=
p=
p=
p=
p=
p=
p=
p=

0.982
1.136
1.406
1.63
1.824
1.998
2.156
2.302
2.436
2.565
2.761

kN/m2
kN/m2
kN/m2
kN/m2
kN/m2
kN/m2
kN/m2
kN/m2
kN/m2
kN/m2
kN/m2

0.267
0.308
0.382
0.443
0.495
0.542
0.585
0.625
0.661
0.696
0.75

klf
klf
klf
klf
klf
klf
klf
klf
klf
klf
klf

p=
p=
p=
p=

-1.22
-1.055
-0.803
-0.946

kN/m2
kN/m2
kN/m2
kN/m2

-0.331
-0.286
-0.218
-0.257

klf
klf
klf
klf

35.966
14.935
3.962
3.048
3.962

meter
meter
meter
meter
meter

Interpolation
At eave
At h
0.79519 0.914676
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.28865
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0

degree

-0.84
-0.84

WIND LOAD [EX-B]

Project name:
Client:
Address:
Project locaton:

xxx
xxx
xxx
xxx

General Data:
Total length of the building, L =
Total width of the building or span of gable, B =
Bayspacing or spacing of rafter =
Eave height of the building, HE =

160
65
20
20
24

Ridge height of the building, HR =

Solution:
Sustained wind pressur, qz = CcCICzVb2
1) Basic wind speed from BNBC, Vb =
2) Structure importance coefficient, CI =
3) Velocity -to-pressure conversion coefficient, Cc =
4) Terrain exposure category =

ft
ft
ft
ft
ft

mm
mm
mm
mm
mm

210 kmph
130 mph
1
(Table 6.2.9, page-6-33)
4.7E-005 (Page-6-33)
B

Eexposure coefficient, Cz and sustained wind pressure, qz:

(Table 6.2.10, page-6-33)

C4.5

( 0-15 ft)

0.801

qz =

1.667

kN/m2

C6

(20 ft)

0.866

qz =

1.803

kN/m2

C9

(30 ft)

0.972

qz =

2.023

kN/m2

C12

(40 ft)

1.055

qz =

2.196

kN/m2

C15

(50 ft)

1.125

qz =

2.342

kN/m2

C18

(60 ft)

1.185

qz =

2.467

kN/m2

5) Gust response factor, CG :

CG4.5
(0-15 ft)
CG6
(20 ft)
CG9
(30 ft)
CG12
(40 ft)
CG15
(50 ft)
CG18
(60 ft)

48768
19812
6096
6096
7315

(Table 6.2.11, page-6-36)

1.321
1.294
1.258
1.233
1.215
1.201

Average height of the gable, h =

At eave height of the gable frame, qhe =
For total height or average of gable frame, q h =
Gust response factor at total or average height, C Gh =
6) Internal peak pressure coefficient, C'pi =

22
1.81
1.855
1.286
6

Hence internal pressure or internal suction = C'piqh =

ft
kN/m2
kN/m2

6.707 meter

0.25
0.464

kN/m2

7) External pressure coefficient Cpe for walls:

a) For transverse wind:
Lower value of B/L =
Higher value of B/L =

0.1
0.65

B/L =

0.41

Cpe =
Cpe =

-0.5
-0.6

Windward wall, Cpe =

Leeward wall, Cpe =
Side or End walls, Cpe =

0.8
-0.56
-0.7

(Figure 6.2.5, page-6-40)

(Interpolated value)

h/B =

0.34

and u

7.02

degree

Lower value of h/B =

Higher value of h/B =

0.3
0.5

For u
Cpe =
Cpe =

0
-0.7
-0.7

and u
Cpe =
Cpe =

Windward roof, Cpe =

Leeward roof, Cpe =

-0.22
-0.7

10
0.2
-0.9

degree

Normal to ridge

8) Design pressure for external forces plus internal suction, p = qzC GhCpe+C'piqh
Windward wall: 0-15 ft
15~20 ft
20~30 ft
30~40 ft
40~50 ft
50~60 ft

p=
p=
p=
p=
p=
p=

2.179
2.319
2.545
2.723
2.873
3.002

kN/m2
kN/m2
kN/m2
kN/m2
kN/m2
kN/m2

0.91
0.969
1.063
1.137
1.2
1.254

klf
klf
klf
klf
klf
klf

Windward roof:
Leeward roof:
Leeward wall:

p=
p=
p=

-0.061
-1.206
-0.839

kN/m2
kN/m2
kN/m2

-0.025 klf
-0.504 klf
-0.35 klf

Side or End walls:

p=

-1.165

kN/m2

-0.487 klf

9) Design pressure for external forces plus internal pressure, p = q zCGhCpe-C'piqh

Windward wall: 0-15 ft
15~20 ft
20~30 ft
30~40 ft
40~50 ft
50~60 ft
Windward roof:
Leeward roof:
Leeward wall:
Side or End walls:

p=
p=
p=
p=
p=
p=

1.251
1.391
1.617
1.795
1.945
2.074

kN/m2
kN/m2
kN/m2
kN/m2
kN/m2
kN/m2

0.523
0.581
0.675
0.75
0.812
0.866

klf
klf
klf
klf
klf
klf

p=
p=
p=
p=

-0.989
-2.134
-1.767
-2.093

kN/m2
kN/m2
kN/m2
kN/m2

-0.413
-0.891
-0.738
-0.874

klf
klf
klf
klf

48.768
19.812
6.096
6.096
7.315

meter
meter
meter
meter
meter

Interpolation
At eave
At h
0

1.81004 1.854847
0

0
0
0
1.285516
0
0
0

degree

-0.07
-0.84

WIND LOAD [EX-A]

Date:
Project name:
Client:
Address:
Project locaton:

xxx
xxx
xxx
xxx
xxx

General Data:
Total length of the building, L =
Total width of the building, B =
Bayspacing or spacing of frame =
Hight of each floor, HFL =
Eave height of the building from ground level, H E =
Top height of the building from ground level, H R =
Height of parapet wall, HPW =
Solution:
Slenderness of the Building:
Sustained wind pressur, qz = CcCICzVb2
1) Basic wind speed from BNBC (page-6-32), V b =
2) Structure importance coefficient, CI =
3) Velocity -to-pressure conversion coefficient, Cc =
4) Terrain exposure category =

80
45
16
10
62
70
3

ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft

24384
13716
4876
3048
18897
21336
914

mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm

NON SLENDER

210 kmph
130 mph
1
(Table 6.2.9, page-6-33)
4.72E-05 (Page-6-33)
A

Eexposure coefficient, Cz and sustained wind pressure, qz:

C4.5
qz =
( 0-15 ft) 0.368
C6
qz =
(20 ft) 0.415
C9
qz =
(30 ft) 0.497
C12
qz =
(40 ft) 0.565
C15
qz =
(50 ft) 0.624
C18
qz =
(60 ft) 0.677
C21
qz =
(70 ft) 0.725
C24
qz =
(80 ft) 0.769
C27
qz =
(90 ft)
0.81
C30
qz =
(100 ft) 0.849
C35
qz =
(115 ft) 0.909

(Table 6.2.10, page-6-33)

0.766 kN/m2
0.864 kN/m2
1.035 kN/m2
1.176 kN/m2
1.299 kN/m2
1.409 kN/m2
1.509 kN/m2
1.601 kN/m2
1.686 kN/m2
1.767 kN/m2
1.892 kN/m2

C40
C45
C50

(130 ft)
(145 ft)
(160 ft)

5) Gust response factor, CG :

CG4.5
(0-15 ft)
CG6
(20 ft)
CG9
(30 ft)
CG12
(40 ft)
CG15
(50 ft)
CG18
(60 ft)
CG21
(70 ft)
CG24
(80 ft)
CG27
(90 ft)
CG30
(100 ft)
CG35
(115 ft)
CG40
(130 ft)
CG45
(145 ft)
CG50
(160 ft)

qz =
qz =
qz =

0.965
1.017
1.065

(Table 6.2.11, page-6-36)

1.654
1.592
1.511
1.457
1.418
1.388
1.363
1.342
1.324
1.309
1.287
1.268
1.252
1.238

Mean roof level/top of parapet whichever greater, h =

At eave height of the building, qHe =
At mean roof level/top of parapet of the building, q h =
Gust response factor at: h, CGh =
h/L =
Lower value of h/B =
Higher value of h/B =

2.009 kN/m2
2.117 kN/m2
2.217 kN/m2

66
1.439
1.48
1.37

ft
20.122 meter
kN/m2
kN/m2
(Interpolated value)

0.83

and B/L =

0.56

0.5
10

For B/L =
Cpe =
Cpe =

0.5
1.45
1.85

and B/L 0.65

Cpe = 1.55
Cpe =
2

1.5

(Interpolated value)

Windward wall, Cpe =

8) Design ovarall wind pressure perpendicular to wall, p = qzC GhCpe

0-15 ft
15~20 ft
20~30 ft
30~40 ft
40~50 ft
50~60 ft
60~70 ft
70~80 ft

p=
p=
p=
p=
p=
p=
p=
p=

1.574
1.776
2.127
2.417
2.669
2.895
3.101
3.29

kN/m2
kN/m2
kN/m2
kN/m2
kN/m2
kN/m2
kN/m2
kN/m2

32.87
37.09
44.42
50.48
55.74
60.46
64.77
68.71

psf
psf
psf
psf
psf
psf
psf
psf

F=
F=
F=
F=
F=
F=
F=
F=

5.26
5.935
7.108
8.077
8.919
9.674
10.363
10.994

kips
kips
kips
kips
kips
kips
kips
kips

80~90 ft
90~100 ft
100~115 ft
115~130 ft
130~145 ft
145~160 ft

p=
p=
p=
p=
p=
p=

3.465
3.631
3.888
4.128
4.35
4.556

kN/m2
kN/m2
kN/m2
kN/m2
kN/m2
kN/m2

72.37
75.83
81.2
86.21
90.85
95.15

psf
psf
psf
psf
psf
psf

F=
F=
F=
F=
F=
F=

11.579
12.134
12.993
13.795
14.537
15.225

kips
kips
kips
kips
kips
kips

24.384
13.716
4.876

meter
meter
meter

18.897
21.336
0.914

meter
meter
mm

Interpolation
At eave
At h
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.4389 1.479733
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.370317
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

1.49
1.91

EARTH QUAKE LOAD

Height of the building, H =
Height of each story, h =
Number of frames of equal rigidity, NF =

100
10
4

ft
ft
no.

Total story of the building, n =

Beam (Top Floor i.e. below roof)
Serial Length Total
Dimension
No.
(ft)
No. Depth (in) Width (in)
1
10
4
14
10
2
12
6
16
10
3
14
5
18
12
4
16
5
18
6
20
Total roof slab area, A (sft)=
5000
Total length of 5 in brick wall (ft)=
100
Total length of 10 in brick wall (ft) =
0
Ceramic tiles on morter bed (per sft) 0
Suspended celling (per sft) =
10

10
no.
Column (Top Floor i.e. above roof)
Length
Total
Dimension
(ft)
No. Depth (in) Width (in)
3
3
3
3
3
3
Roof slab thickness, tR (in)=
4
Height of the 5 in wall (ft)=
3
Height of the 10 in wall (ft)=
3
3" Lime concrete (per sft) =
30
13 mm Celling (per sft) =
6

Beam (Typical Intermediate Floor)

Serial Length Total
Dimension
No.
(ft)
No. Depth (in) Width (in)
1
10
3
14
10
2
12
6
16
12
3
14
5
18
12
4
16
5
18
6
20
Total floor slab area, A (sft)=
5000
Total length of 5 in brick wall (ft)=
120
Total length of 10 in brick wall (ft) =
80
Ceramic tiles on morter bed (per sft) 22
Suspended celling (per sft) =
10

Column (Typical Intermediate Floor)

Length
Total
Dimension
(ft)
No. Depth (in) Width (in)
10
6
10
10
10
4
12
12
10
8
16
16
10
10
10
Roof slab thickness, tR (in)=
5
Height of the 5 in wall (ft)=
10
Height of the 10 in wall (ft)=
10
20 mm Floor finish (per sft) =
10
13 mm Celling (per sft) =
6

Seismic zone coefficient, Z =

Structure importance coefficient, I =
Response modification coefficient for structural systems, R =

0.15
1
5

Site coefficient for soil characteristics, S =

Ct =

1.5
0.073

Fundamental period of vibration in seconds, T = C t.H3/4 =

Numerical coefficient, C = 1.25S / T2/3 =
Total seismic dead load, W =
Hence, Design base shear, V = ZICW / R =
Concentrated lateral force at top of the building, Ft = 0.07TV or 0.0
Distribution of Base Shear:
Story

wx

hx

wxhx

No
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1

(Kips)
0
0
0
0
0
503.83
746.55
746.55
746.55
746.55
746.55
746.55
746.55
746.55
746.55

(ft)
0
0
0
0
0
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10

(Kip-ft)
0
0
0
0
0
50383
67189.5
59724
52258.5
44793
37327.5
29862
22396.5
14931
7465.5

W = 7222.8

= 386330.5

0.95 seconds
1.94
7222.78
Kips
420.37
Kips
27.95
Kips
(Force per frame)

wxhx/wihi
0
0
0
0
0
0.13
0.174
0.155
0.135
0.116
0.097
0.077
0.058
0.039
0.019
1

Fx = (V-Ft)*
wxhx/wihi
(Kips)
0
0
0
0
0
51.01
68.28
60.83
52.98
45.52
38.06
30.22
22.76
15.3
7.46
392.42

P =Fx / NF
(Kips)
0
0
0
0
0
12.75
17.07
15.21
13.25
11.38
9.52
7.56
5.69
3.83
1.87

Width (in)
5250
10800
14175
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0

3937.5
12960
14175
0
0
0

5625
5400
19200
0
0
0

503.83

Width (in)

746.55

PURLIN DESIGN
Project name:
Client:
Address:
Project locaton:

xxx
xxx
xxx
xxx
INPUT

Yield stress of steel, Fy =

50.041 ksi
29000 ksi

Elastic modulus, E =
Bay length I.e. spacing of rafter, LBAY

CALCULATION:

34.5 Kn/cm2
19993.79 Kn/cm2

19.685 ft

6000

mm

Slope of the roof i.e pitch =

3.937 ft
5.71 degree

1200
5.71

mm
degree

Design wind pressure on wind ward roof, P w =

-1.87

kN/m2

11.9
4.35
3.89

psf
kg/m2
kg/m

Spacing of purlin i.e. panel length, LPANEL

IMPOSED LOAD
Live load, LL =
Weigth of roof sheeting, WR =
Purlin mass per unit length, WLMP =

Z20016

SOLUTION
Panel area supported by on purlin, APANEL = (LBAY x LPANEL) =
LIVE LOAD:
Total live load on each panel, WLL = APANEL x LL =
Uniformly distributed live load, wLL = WLL/LBAY =
DEAD LOAD:
Roof deck load supported by one purlin, WP = APANEL x WR =
Weight of each purlin, PP = (WLMP x LBAY) =
Total dead load on each panel, WDL = (PP + WP) =
Uniformly distributed dead load, wDL = WDL/LBAY =
WIND LOAD:
Total wind load on each panel, WWL = APANEL x Pw =
Uniformly distributed wind load, wWL = WWL/LBAY =
DESIGN LOAD COMBINATION:

77.5002 sft
922.25 lb
46.85 plf
68.98
51.48
120.46
6.12

lb
lb
lb
plf

-3031.57 lb
-154 plf

-39.11695 psf

0.89
2.615

psf
plf

WIND LOAD ON WIND WARD ROOF:

INPUT >

0.77

k / ft

OUTPUT >

11.24
1.87

Kn / m
Kn / m2 0.03912
0.03912

(-)ve Sign indicates the Wind is Suction.

(+)ve Sign indicates the Wind is pressure.

k/ft2
k/ft2

Chosen Wind Load

Check with Above V

Uniformly distributed service load, w = wDL + wLL =

52.97 plf

0.773

KN/m

Load component perpendicular to the roof, w y = wcosu =

52.71 plf

0.769

KN/m

Load component parallel to the roof, w x = wsinu =

5.27

0.077

KN/m

2553.15 ft-lb

3.461

KN-m

255.27 ft-lb

0.346

KN-m

-147.88 plf
-147.91 plf

-2.158
-2.158

KN/m
KN/m

0.009

KN/m

7164.4 ft-lb

9.713

KN-m

29.55 ft-lb

0.040

KN-m

Mx =
My =

2
0.1250 wyL =
2
0.1250 wxL =

Uniformly distributed load, w = wDL + wWL =

Load component perpendicular to the roof, w y = wDLcosu + wWL =
Load component parallel to the roof, w x = wDLsinu + 0 =
Mx =
My =
Section

0.61

2
0.1250 wyL =
2
0.1250 wxL =

plf

plf

Z20016 whose: Sx =

35.69

x103mm3

2.18

in3

whose: Sy =

8.047

x103mm3

0.49

in3

whose: Ix =

3.48

x106mm4

8.36

in4

whose: Iy =

0.397

x106mm4

0.95

in4

Check stress, fb = Mx/Sx+My/Sy =

Check stress Ratio, [Actual Stress / Allowable Stress] <= 1.0

For wDL + wLL :

20305.6 psi

<

33026.7 psi

(Choosen section is OK)

For wDL + wLL :

0.61

(Choosen section is OK)

For wDL + wWL :

40160.7 psi

<

43925.6 psi

(Choosen section is OK)

For wDL + wWL :

0.91

(Choosen section is OK)

Check for deflection:

Maximum allowable total design load deflection,
Dallowable = L/120 =
1.97
in
Maximum allowable dead and live load deflection,
Dallowable = L/150 =
1.57
in
Maximum allowable live load deflection,
Dallowable = L/180 =
1.31
in

Dx

Dy

Dtotal

2.06
0.07
2.06
in
(Deflection exceeds the limit, select a beam having greater I)

For Simple Supported Beam

Deffl.

0.73
0.65
0.98
in
(Section is within deflection limit)
0.65
0.06
0.65
in
(Section is within deflection limit)

5wl^4

l = Length of Beam

384EI

w = Uniformly distributed load

For Continuous Beam

Deffl.

wl^4
384EI

l = Length of Beam
w = Uniformly distributed load

Check defflection Ratio, [Actual deff / Allowable dffl] <= 1.0

Calculation :
For wDL + wLL :

0.62

(Choosen section is OK)

For wDL + wWL :

1.05

(Choose next higher section)

D = 200
bf = 64
t = 1.6
Ix
Iy
Sx
Sy

=
=
=
=

en Wind Load OK
k with Above Value.

load

load

GIRT DESIGN
Project name:
Client:
Address:
Project locaton:

xxx
xxx
xxx
xxx

Yield stress of steel, Fy =

65
29000
19.69
4.27
1.56
0
4.35
4.4

Elastic modulus, E =
Bay length I.e. spacing of rafter, LBAY
Spacing of girt i.e. panel length, LPANEL
Design wind pressure on wind ward wall, P w =
Live load, LL =
Weigth of wall sheeting, WR =
Purlin mass per unit length, WLMP =

C20020

SOLUTION
Panel area supported by on girt, APANEL = (LBAY x LPANEL) =

84.0763

LIVE LOAD:
Total live load on each panel, WLL = APANEL x LL =
Uniformly distributed live load, wLL = WLL/LBAY =

0
0

DEAD LOAD:
Wall deck load supported by one girt, WP = APANEL x WR =
Weight of each girt, PP = (WLMP x LBAY) =
Total dead load on each panel, WDL = (PP + WP) =
Uniformly distributed dead load, wDL = WDL/LBAY =

74.83
58.22
133.05
6.76

WIND LOAD:
Total wind load on each panel, WWL = APANEL x Pw =
Uniformly distributed wind load, wWL = WWL/LBAY =

2739.21
139.12

DESIGN LOAD COMBINATION:

Uniformly distributed vertical load, wx = wDL + wLL =
2
My =
0.077 wxL =

6.76
201.8

Uniformly distributed horizontal i.e. wind load, w y = wWL =

2
Mx =
0.077 wyL =
Section

C20020

whose: Sx =

36

x103mm3

139.12
4153.09
2.2

whose: Sy =

8.03

x103mm3

0.49

whose: Ix =

3.6

x106mm4

8.65

0.514 x106mm4

1.23

whose: Iy =
Check stress, fb = Mx/Sx+My/Sy =
27595 psi

<

42900 psi

(Choosen section is OK)

Dx

Dy

Dtotal

Check for deflection:

Maximum allowable total design load deflection,
Dallowable = L/120 =
1.97
in

0.64
1.88
1.99
(Deflection exceeds the limit, select a beam having

Maximum allowable dead and live load deflection,

Dallowable = L/150 =
1.58
in

0.64
0
0.64
(Section is within deflection limit)

ksi
ksi
ft
ft
kN/m2
psf
kg/m2
kg/m

6001 mm
1301 mm
32.58 psf
0.89 psf
2.957 plf

sft
lb
plf
lb
lb
lb
plf
lb
plf
plf
ft-lb
plf
ft-lb
in3

in3
in4
in4

n section is OK)
in
the limit, select a beam having greater I)

eflection limit)

in

LOAD CALCULATION [DL+LL]

Project name:
Client:
Address:
Bay length I.e. spacing of rafter, LBAY
Spacing of purlin i.e. panel length, LPANEL

20
4.65

ft
ft

IMPOSED LOAD
Live load, LL =
Floor finish and plaster load, WFFP =
Load due to partition wall, WPW =

11.9
12.5
20

psf
psf
psf

4.36
6

kg/m2 0.89
kg/m 4.033

Weigth of roof sheeting, WR =

Purlin mass per unit length, WLMP =

C20020

SOLUTION
Panel area supported by on purlin, APANEL = (LBAY x LPANEL) =
LIVE LOAD:
Live load on each panel point, PLLPP = APANEL x LL =
Live load on heel or end panel point, P LLEPP = PLLPP/2 =
Uniformly distributed live load, wLL = PLLPP/LPANEL =
DEAD LOAD:
Roof sheeting+floor finish+plaster+partition wall load,
WP = APANEL x (WFFP + WPW +WR) =
Weight of each purlin, PP = (WLMP x LBAY) =
Dead load on each panel point, PDLPP = (PP + WP) =
Dead load on heel or end panel point, P DLEPP = PDLPP/2 =
Uniformly distributed dead load, wDL = PDLPP/LPANEL =

93

6096
1417

sft

1106.7 lb
553.35 lb
238 plf

1.107
0.553
0.238

3105.27
80.66
3185.93
1592.97
685.15

3.186
1.593
0.685

lb
lb
lb
lb
plf

mm
mm

psf
plf

kips
kips
klf

kips
kips
klf

BEAM DESIGN

Yield stress of steel, Fy =

Note:
1) Red ink for input data
2) Magenta for Analysis data
3) Blue for AISC manual
4) Black is calculated data

INPUT DATA
50
29000
18.17
2
70

Elastic modulus, E =
Length of the beam, L =
Unbraced length, Lb =
Assumed selfweight of beam, w =
Solution:
1) Taking maximum allowable fibre stress for beam,
Fb =
0.55

Fy =

ksi
ksi
ft
ft
plf

28

ksi

9.085
13.63

in
in

13.63
346

in
mm

2) Calculation of minimum depth, dmin:

i) L/24 =
ii) (Fy/800)xL =
Hence, taken minimum depth of beam, dmin: =
From analysis, (By STAADPro or other softwares)
i) Maximum shear force, V =
ii) Maximum bending moment, M =

4
18

3) Required section modulus, S = M / Fb

7.71

kips
ft-kips
in3

4) Considering minimum depth and section modulus,

bf =

100

mm

3.94

in

Must be less than

tf =
d=
tw =

6
250
5

mm
mm
mm

0.24
9.84
0.2

in
in
in

Must be greater than

Must be less than
Must be greater than

h = (d-2*tf) =
X-area, A =
Ix=

238
2390

mm
mm2

9.37
3.7

in
sq.in

23481596.67 mm4

56.41

in4

Iy =

1002479.17 mm4

2.41

in4

rx = Ix/A =

99.12

mm

3.9

in

ry = Iy/A =

20.48

mm

0.81

in

187852.77336 mm3

11.46

in3

Sx =

(Section is OK for flexure)

Weight =

18.76
kg/m
12.61 plf
(Assumed weight is OK)
5.72
kg/ft
5) Check for compactness of the section: (I.e. Local buckling)
Flange width/thickness ration, bf/2tf =
8.21
(Flanges are compact OK)
Web depth/thickness ration, d/tw =
49.2

<
<

(Web is compact OK)

h/tw =

6) Check for Lateral torsional buckling of the beam:

Lc = 76bf/ Fy =
and Lc =20000/((d/Af)*Fy)) =

42.35
38.44

in
in

Hence, Governing Lc =
38.44
in
(OK of torsional buckling)
If flanges are not compact but Lb <= Lc,
then Fb = Fy[0.79-0.002(bf/2tf) Fy/kc] =

33.7

Hence, use strength reduction factor, F.S. =

0.67

(In cell E11)

Also if web is not compact but Lb <= Lc,

Use strength reduction factor, F.S. =

0.55

(In cell E11)

psi

IF BEAM IS COMPACT OR NONCOMPACT BUT Lb > Lc :

Radius of gyration of the compression flange, r T =
0.99
in
The slenderness ratio of the compression flange, L b/rT =
24.24
in
From bending moment diagram: (Moment at the ends of the each unbraced length)
Smaller values moment, M1 =
38
ft-kips
and Larger values moment, M2 =
(Note: In an unbraced beam the value of C b always equal to 1)
Moment gradient multiplier, Cb = 1.75+1.05(M1/M2)+0.3(M1/M2)2 =

i) If

102000Cb/Fy <

Lb/rT

Take, Fb = [2/3 - Fy(Lb/rT)2 / (1530000Cb)] =

102000Cb/Fy =

68.5

in

510000Cb/Fy =

153.17

in

32.92

psi

<

510000Cb/Fy

ii) if Lb/rT >

510000Cb/Fy
Considering values

Take, Fb = 170000Cb/(Lb/rT)2 =
and for every case, Fb = (12000Cb)/(Lbd/Af)
Use larger of

14.87
and
INPUT
Hence, use strength reduction factor, F.S. =

665.44

psi

110.51
110.51 But not more than, 0.6Fy =

psi
30

0.6

7) Check for shear:

allowable shear stress, Fv = 0.4Fy or Cv*Fy/2.89=
Hence, Developed shear stress, fv = V/dtw =

(In cell E11)

20.00

ksi

2.03

ksi

<

(Section is OK for shear)

8) Check for deflection:

Maximum allowable live load deflection, Dallowable = L/360 =
Maximum allowable live load deflection, Dallowable = L/240 =
Maximum allowable live load deflection, Dallowable = L/180 =
From analysis,

psi

(By STAADPro or other softwares)

D=
(Deflection exceeds the limit, select a beam having greater I)

0.61
0.91
1.21

in
in
in

in

>

(Note: If one of the step of 5) and 6) is fail, adequacy must be check again for bending, shear and
deflection)

Uniformly distributed Live load or Total load, w =

0.43

klf

Deflection for simply supported beam, D =

(Section is within deflection limit)

0.64

in

>

Moment Calculation for two point load for simple beam

M=

P=
a=

Pa

55
20

1100

1) Red ink for input data

2) Magenta for Analysis data
3) Blue for AISC manual
4) Black is calculated data

X1

Y1

bf/2

X2
Y

tf

d
tw
X

bf
4000
216000

lb
in-lb

110.31

mm for compactness

5.44
452.55
2.76

mm for compactness
mm for compactness
mm for compactness

X1 =
X2 =
Y1 =
Y=

400
350
1500
6000

mm
mm
mm
mm

X1 =
X=
Y1 =
Y=

400
200
1500
6000

mm
mm
mm
mm

X=

200

mm

X2 =

350

mm

Maximum Limit
163 mm (95/ Fy )
557

9.42727273

mm (760/ Fy ) + 2tf

65/ Fy = 9.19239
640/ Fy = 90.51

Calculation Of Allowable Shear Strees

General Data:

3.53
3.2
3.2

ft
ft

a=

237.6 in

h=

9.36 in

a/h=

ft

>

ft ( = Lb)

25.3846

tw=

0.2 in

Calculation of kv
kv=

kc =

4.01

1
5.35

(In cell E11)

use kv=

5.35

h/tw=

46.8

(In cell E11)

Calculation of Cv
2.02

ues moment, M2 =

ft
38

56250 kv/Fy=

6014.48

ft-kips
Cv=

2.3

2.20

NOTE: AISC ASD 9TH ED. P-(5-47)

1.33

5.708

ft
use Cv=

12.764

1.33

ft

Calculation of Fv
380/Sqrt(Fy)=

53.7401

Fv=

20
22.97
Use Fv=

psi

20.00

(In cell E11)

20.00

ksi

(For plastered constructiion)

(For unplastered floor constructiion)
(For unplastered roof constructiion)

Defflection for Concentreted Load:

0.91

in

0.91

in

1.06 in
>
0.91
in
(Deflection exceeds the limit, select a beam having greater I)

Allowable Shear Strees:

INPUT
a= maxm. Clr./ distance between stiffeners.
h= clr. Distance between two flange

tw=thck. of web

a/h<1
a/h>1

Cv<0.8

h/tw>=56250kv/Fy

Cv>0.8

h/tw<56250kv/Fy

0.4 Fy

h
<=
t

380
Fy

380

Fv =
CvFy

>

EQN-1

2.89
EQN-1
EQN-2

beam having greater I)

>

Fy

EQN-2

COLUMN DESIGN
INPUT DATA:

Elastic modulus, E =
Yield stress of steel, Fy =

29000
50
6.64
259
25.12
5

Axial compressive force, P =

Moment at end, M =
Length of the column, L =
No. of brace point, n =

ksi
ksi
kip
ft-kip
ft

Solution:
Take effective length factor (according to support condition), K =
bf =

200

mm

7.874

in

h = (d-2*tf) =

tf =

10

mm

0.394

in

d=
tw =

700

mm

27.559

in

X-area, A =
Ix=

mm

0.197

in

KLx/rx =

21.38

Iy =
rx = Ix/A =
ry = Iy/A =

KLy/ry =

144.4 Control

Sx =

Cc = 2p2E/Fy =
Since value of Cc is
Axial stress, fa = P/A =
Allowable axial stress, Fa =

Sy =
107
<
0.58
7.16

Weight =
than the maximum slenderness ratio
ksi
ksi

Allowable bending stress for maximum section modulus,

Bending stress, fb = M/S =
29.36 ksi
If fa/Fa is < than 0.15, check the following equation
Check: fa/Fa + fb/Fb =

fa / F a =
Fb = 0.60Fy =

If fa/Fa is > than 0.15, check the following two equations

Euler buckling stress, F'e = 326.69 ksi

Cm =

Check (1): fa/Fa + (Cmfb)/(1-fa/F'e)Fb =

Check (2): fa/0.6Fy + fb/Fb =
Check of Local Stability:
Check (1): bf/2tf =
Check (2): h/tw =
SOLUTION FOR STRONG AXIS BENDING:
Take effective length factor (according to support condition), K =
bf =

200

mm

7.87

in

h = (d-2*tf) =

tf =

10

mm

0.39

in

d=
tw =

700

mm

27.56

in

X-area, A =
Ix=

mm

0.2

in

KLx/rx =

Iy =
rx = Ix/A =
ry = Iy/A =

21.38

Sx =
Sy =
Cc = 2p2E/Fy =

Since value of Cc is
Axial stress, fa = P/A =
Allowable axial stress, Fa =

107

>

Weight =

than the maximum slenderness ratio

0.58 ksi
28.15 ksi

Allowable bending stress for maximum section modulus,

Bending stress, fb = M/Sx =
29.36 ksi
If fa/Fa is less than 0.15, check the following equation
Check: fa/Fa + fb/Fb =

fa / F a =
Fb = 0.66Fy =

If fa/Fa is more than 0.15, check the following two equations

Euler buckling stress, F'e = 326.69 ksi
Cm =
Check (1): fa/Fa + (Cmfb)/(1-fa/F'e)Fb =
Check (2): fa/0.6Fy + fb/Fb =
Check of Local Stability:
Check (1): bf/2tf =
Check (2): h/tw =

AXIAL TENSION AND BENDING

INPUT DATA:
Length of the column, L =
Axial compressive force, P =
Moment at end, M =
Elastic modulus, E =
Yield stress of steel, Fy =

16
20
55
29000
36
0

No. of brace point, n =

ft
kip
ft-kip
ksi
ksi

Solution:
Take effective length factor (according to support condition), K =
bf =

150

mm

5.91

in

h = (d-2*tf) =

tf =

10

mm

0.39

in

d=
tw =

400

mm

15.75

in

X-area, A =
Ix=

mm

0.2

in

KLx/rx =

29.18

Iy =
rx = Ix/A =
ry = Iy/A =

KLy/ry =

144.36 Control

Sx =
Sy =

Cc = 2p2E/Fy =

126.1

Weight =

Since value of Cc is
Axial stress, fa = P/A =
Allowable axial stress, Fa =

<
2.63
7.17

than the maximum slenderness ratio

ksi
ksi

Allowable bending stress for maximum section modulus,

Bending stress, fb = M/S =
15.79 ksi
If fa/Fa is less than 0.15, check the following equation
Check: fa/Fa + fb/Fb =
Check of Local Stability:
Check (1): bf/2tf =
Check (2): h/tw =

fa / F a =

Fb = 0.60Fy =

COLUMN DESIGN

2016.07607
24192.9128
48385.8257

X1

40693.3 81386.6
216.546

Y1
X2
Y

0.8
680

mm

26.77 in

7400

mm2

11.47 sq.in

607146667 mm4

1458.68 in4

13340416.7 mm4
286.44 mm
42.46
mm

32.05 in4
11.28 in
1.67 in

X1 =
X2 =

400 mm
350 mm

X1 =
X=

400
200

1734704

mm3

105.86 in3

Y1 = 1500 mm

Y1 =

1500

38115
58.08
17.71

mm3
kg/m
kg/ft

2.33 in3
39.04 plf

Y=

6000 mm

Y=

6000

X=

200 mm

X2 =

350

144.4

Elastic buckling controls

0.08
30

<

0.15

10.7

ksi

14.29
24.99

1.06

>

BAD

EQN. H 1 - 3

0.85

(For side sway)

0.91

<

OK

EQN. H 1 - 1

<

BAD

EQN. H 1 - 2

9.99
135.89

<
>

13.44 OK
35.78 BAD

(95/ Fy)
(253/ Fy)

NOTE: EQN 1-1, 1-2 & 1-3 ARE ONLY FOR COLUMN
SUBJ. TO AXIAL COMPRESSION + BENDING.

0.8
680

mm

26.77 in

7400

mm2

11.47 sq.in

ft /Ft + fb/Fb =

607146667 mm4

1458.68 in4

13340416.7 mm4
286.44 mm
42.46
mm

32.05 in4
11.28 in
1.67 in

Ft
fa

=
=

0.6 * Fy (ALLOWABLE TENSILE STRE

AXIAL TENSILE STRESS

105.86 in3

Fb

ALLOWABLE BENDING STRESS

fb

COMPUTED AXIAL BENDING STRESS

1734704

mm3

38115

mm3

2.33

58.08
17.71

kg/m
kg/ft

39.04 plf

21.38

Inelastic buckling predominates

0.02
33

0.91

<

0.15

<

in3

ksi

OK

EQN. H 2 - 1

0.85

(For side sway)

0.78
0.91

<
<

10.09
133.85

<
>

1
1

OK
OK

13.44 OK
35.78 BAD

(95/ Fy)
(253/ Fy)

X1

Y1
X2
Y

1
380

mm

4900

mm2

14.96 in
7.6

sq.in
X

136963333 mm4

329.06 in4

5628958.33 mm4
167.19 mm
33.89
mm

13.52 in4
6.58 in
1.33 in

X1 =
X2 =

400 mm
350 mm

X1 =
X=

400
200

684816

mm3

41.79 in3

Y1 = 1500 mm

Y1 =

1500

28144

mm3

1.72

Y=

6000 mm

Y=

6000

38.46
11.73

kg/m
kg/ft

25.85 plf
X=

200 mm

X2 =

350

in3

144.36

Elastic buckling controls

0.37

>

0.15

1.1

>

7.58
74.8

<
>

21.6

ksi

BAD

15.83 OK
42.17 BAD

(95/ Fy)
(253/ Fy)

18547.2

148320

46.1

922.7813

1.5625 5.126563

mm
mm
mm

173.3118

mm
19.3579

mm

12.495

562.275

7.3
23.9513 285.9785 4003.699
22.967

344
272

379
275

159.8503

466

466

4635.659

422.5

496

905
199
157
300
254
251

960

3570.5

3875

WABLE TENSILE STRESS)

E STRESS

BENDING STRESS

XIAL BENDING STRESS

215
168
340
293
283

mm
mm
mm
mm
mm

T ~ COLUMN DESIGN
(TAPPERED COLUMN DESIGN)
INPUT DATA:
Elastic modulus, E =
Yield stress of steel, Fy =

29000
50
116
0
26
0

Axial compressive force, P =

Moment at end, M =
Length of the column, L =
No. of brace point, n =

ksi
ksi
kip
ft-kip
ft

Solution:
Take effective length factor (according to support condition), K =
bf =

325

mm

12.8

in

h = (d-2*tf) =

tf =

12

mm

0.47

in

d=
tw =

300

mm

11.81

in

X-area, A =
Ix=

mm

0.24

in

KLx/rx =

58.76

Iy =
rx = Ix/A =
ry = Iy/A =

KLy/ry =

93.13 Control

Sx =

Cc = 2p E/Fy =
2

Since value of Cc is
Axial stress, fa = P/A =
Allowable axial stress, Fa =

Sy =
107

>

Weight =

than the maximum slenderness ratio

7.91 ksi
16.26 ksi

Allowable bending stress for maximum section modulus,

Bending stress, fb = M/S =
0
ksi
If fa/Fa is less than 0.15, check the following equation

fa / F a =
Fb = 0.60Fy =

Check: fa/Fa + fb/Fb =

If fa/Fa is more than 0.15, check the following two equations
Euler buckling stress, F'e = 43.25 ksi

Cm =

Check (1): fa/Fa + (Cmfb)/(1-fa/F'e)Fb =

Check (2): fa/0.6Fy + fb/Fb =
Check of Local Stability:
Check (1): bf/2tf =
Check (2): h/tw =
SOLUTION FOR STRONG AXIS BENDING:
Take effective length factor (according to support condition), K =
bf =

150

mm

5.91

in

h = (d-2*tf) =

tf =

10

mm

0.39

in

d=
tw =

400

mm

15.75

in

X-area, A =
Ix=

mm

0.2

in

KLx/rx =

Iy =
rx = Ix/A =
ry = Iy/A =

47.42

Sx =
Sy =
Cc = 2p2E/Fy =

Since value of Cc is
Axial stress, fa = P/A =
Allowable axial stress, Fa =

107

>

Weight =

than the maximum slenderness ratio

15.26 ksi
24.75 ksi

Allowable bending stress for maximum section modulus,

Bending stress, fb = M/Sx =
0
ksi
If fa/Fa is less than 0.15, check the following equation

fa / F a =
Fb = 0.66Fy =

Check: fa/Fa + fb/Fb =

If fa/Fa is more than 0.15, check the following two equations
Euler buckling stress, F'e = 66.41 ksi

Cm =

Check (1): fa/Fa + (Cmfb)/(1-fa/F'e)Fb =

Check (2): fa/0.6Fy + fb/Fb =
Check of Local Stability:
Check (1): bf/2tf =
Check (2): h/tw =

AXIAL TENSION AND BENDING

INPUT DATA:
Length of the column, L =
Axial compressive force, P =
Moment at end, M =
Elastic modulus, E =
Yield stress of steel, Fy =

16
20
55
29000
36
0

No. of brace point, n =

ft
kip
ft-kip
ksi
ksi

Solution:
Take effective length factor (according to support condition), K =
bf =

150

mm

5.91

in

h = (d-2*tf) =

tf =

10

mm

0.39

in

d=
tw =

400

mm

15.75

in

X-area, A =
Ix=

mm

0.2

in

KLx/rx =

29.18

Iy =
rx = Ix/A =
ry = Iy/A =

KLy/ry =

144.36 Control

Sx =
Sy =

Cc = 2p2E/Fy =

126.1

Weight =

Since value of Cc is
Axial stress, fa = P/A =
Allowable axial stress, Fa =

<
2.63
7.17

than the maximum slenderness ratio

ksi
ksi

Allowable bending stress for maximum section modulus,

Bending stress, fb = M/S =
15.79 ksi
If fa/Fa is less than 0.15, check the following equation
Check: fa/Fa + fb/Fb =
Check of Local Stability:
Check (1): bf/2tf =
Check (2): h/tw =

fa / F a =

Fb = 0.60Fy =

GN

X1

Y1
X2
Y

1
276

mm

10.87 in

9456

mm2

14.66 sq.in

172346688 mm4

414.06 in4

68661218 mm4
135
mm
85.21
mm

164.96 in4
5.31 in
3.35 in

X1 =

400

mm

X1 =

400

X2 =

350

mm

X=

200

1148977

mm3

70.11 in3

Y1 =

1500 mm

Y1 =

1500

457741
74.22

mm3
kg/m

27.93 in3
49.89 plf

Y=

6000 mm

Y=

6000

22.63

kg/ft

X=

200

X2 =

350

93.13

Inelastic buckling predominates

0.49
30

>
ksi

0.15

mm

0.49
0.85

<

OK

(For side sway)

0.49
0.26

<
<

13.62
45.29

>
>

1
1

OK
OK

13.44 BAD
35.78 BAD

(95/ Fy)
(253/ Fy)

1
380

mm

4900

mm2

14.96 in
7.6

sq.in

136963333 mm4

329.06 in4

5628958.33 mm4
167.19 mm
33.89
mm

13.52 in4
6.58 in
1.33 in

684816

mm3

41.79 in3

28144

mm3

1.72

38.46
11.73

kg/m
kg/ft

25.85 plf

47.42

Inelastic buckling predominates

0.62
33

>
ksi

0.15

in3

0.62
0.85

<

OK

(For side sway)

0.62
0.51

<
<

7.58
74.8

<
>

1
1

OK
OK

13.44 OK
35.78 BAD

(95/ Fy)
(253/ Fy)

X1

Y1
X2
Y

1
380

mm

4900

mm2

14.96 in
7.6

sq.in
X

136963333 mm4

329.06 in4

5628958.33 mm4
167.19 mm
33.89
mm

13.52 in4
6.58 in
1.33 in

X1 =

400

mm

X1 =

400

X2 =

350

mm

X=

200

684816

mm3

41.79 in3

Y1 =

1500 mm

Y1 =

1500

28144

mm3

1.72

Y=

6000 mm

Y=

6000

38.46

kg/m

25.85 plf

in3

11.73

kg/ft

144.36

Elastic buckling controls

0.37

X=

>

0.15

1.1

>

7.58
74.8

<
>

21.6

ksi

BAD

15.83 OK
42.17 BAD

(95/ Fy)
(253/ Fy)

200

mm

X2 =

350

mm
mm
mm
mm
mm

mm
mm
mm
mm

mm

BASE PLATE DESIGN

(For Axial Load Only) As per AISC ASD - 8th Edition
INPUT DATA:
Total axial load of column, P =
Specified concrete strength, fc' =
Yield stress of steel, Fy =
Width of flange of column, bf =

25

kip

Depth of column, d =

3
50
225
350

ksi
ksi
mm
mm

8.86 in
13.78 in

Take Width of base plate, Wb =

and Length of base plate, Lb=

275
380

mm
mm

10.83 in
14.96 in

Width of the brick wall, =

250

mm

SOLUTION:
According to column size:
Required width of the footing, Wf =
Required length of the footing, Lf =

355
460

mm
mm

10

in

13.98 in
18.11 in

Area of concrete footing, Af = Wf x Lf =

163300 mm2

253.12 sq. in

Area of chosen base plate, Ab = Wb x Lb =

104500 mm2

161.98 sq. in

Required area of base plate, A1 = (P/0.35fc')2/Af =

2.24

sq. in

Required area of base plate, A2 = P/0.7fc =

11.9

sq. in

Required minimum area of base plate, Ar =

11.9

sq. in

'

Hence, Designed area of base plate, A =

161.98 sq. in

Actual bearing stress, fp = P/A =

0.15

ksi

m = (Lb-0.95d)/2 =

0.93

in

n = (Wb-0.8bf)/2 =

1.87

in

Thickness, t1 = 2m fp/Fy =

0.1

in

Thickness, t1 = 2n fp/Fy =

0.2

in

<

161.98 sq. in

Chosen base plate size OK

Require thickness of base plate, t =

0.2

in

mm

Hence, Designed base plate thickness, tb =

0.36

in

10

mm

(4 mm added for weather protection)

BASE PLATE DESIGN

(For Axial Load Only) As per AISC ASD - 9th Edition

NEW
BASE
PLAT
E DES
IGN

INPUT DATA:
Total axial load of column, P =
Specified concrete strength, fc' =
Yield stress of steel, Fy =
Width of flange of column, bf =

105

kip

Depth of column, d =

3
40
300
400

ksi
ksi
mm
mm

11.81
15.75

Take Width of base plate, Wb =

and Length of base plate, Lb=

500
600

mm
mm

19.69
23.62

Width of the brick wall, =

250

mm

10

SOLUTION:
According to column size:
Required width of the Padestal, Wf =
Required length of the Padestal, Lf =

700
700

mm
mm

27.56
27.56

Area of concrete Padestal, A2 = Wf x Lf =

490000

mm2

759.5

Area of chosen base plate, Ab = Wb x Lb =

300000

mm2

465

Required area of base plate, A1 = (P/0.35fc')2/A2 =

13.17

sq. in

Required area of base plate, A1 = P/0.7fc' =

Required area of base plate, A1 = bfd =

50.00

sq. in

Larger of 3

186.01

sq. in

Manually InPut

Required minimum area of base plate, A1 =

186.01

sq. in

<

Hence, Designed area of base plate, A =

465

sq. in

Actual bearing stress, fp = P/A =

0.23

ksi

Allowable Bearing pressure on Support, Fp = 0.35f'c (A2/A1)

1.34

<=

So, fp < Fp

OK

m = (Lb-0.95d)/2 =

4.33

in

n = (Wb-0.8bf)/2 =

5.12

in

q = (4fpdbf)/(d+bf)2xFp

0.63

Lamda = 2[1- (1-q))/( q)]

0.99

n' = (dbf) / 4

3.41

Chosen base plate size

0.7f'c

<

1
OK

in

Note: If q > 0.64, take lamda = 1.0

Manually InPut

Take, C (Maxm. of m,n & n')

5.12

Thickness, t1 = 2C fp/Fy =

0.78

in

rotection)
O.K.

Require thickness of base plate, t =

0.78

in

20

Hence, Designed base plate thickness, tb =

0.94

in

24

56.52

kg/pcs

Weight of Plate

in
in
in
in
in

in
in
sq. in
sq. in
Larger of 3
Manually InPut

465

sq. in

Chosen base plate size OK

2.1

ksi

Manually InPut

mm
mm

(4 mm added for weather protection)

O.K.

ANCHOR BOLT DESIGN

(Only Axial & Shear Load)

Axial pullup load, T =

Horizontal shear force, V =
Yield strength of steel, fy =
Tensile strength of steel, Ft =
Crushing strength of 28 days concrete, fc' =

21
3
36
58
3

Factor of safety, FS =

Bolt Diameter

Threads / in. Length

Weight

Area

Kips
Kips
Ksi
ksi
Ksi

Max. Load /
Bolt

399.88

Required
Bolts

(mm)
16
20

(in)
0.63
0.79

(No.)
11
10

(mm)
400
500

(Kg)
0.8
1.56

(sq.mm)
151
244

(kips)
4.52
7.31

(No.)
5
3

24

0.94

600

2.73

340

10.19

30

1.18

900

6.15

549

16.45

36

1.42

1000

10.04

802

24.03

4
24

No.
mm

Used no. of Anchor Bolts, N =

Bolt diameter, D =
Allowable bond stress, U =

Mpa

197.09

psi

(Must be less than or equal to 350 psi)

( U = 3.4 f'c/ D )

I)

27.81

in

( Ld = Asfs/U o )

ii)

29.7

in

( Ld = 0.04Abfy/ f'c )

iii)
iv)

21.92
12

in
in

( Ld = 0.0004dbfy )

29.7
755

in
mm

Embeded length, Ld =

Provide minimum embeded length, Ld =

(Minimum embeded length)

< 900 mm OK

Considering 4 Nos. anchor bolts per column, from the above table 24mm dia anchor bolt is sufficient.
But considering weather protection selected anchor bolts = 30 mm diameter

39.355
0.583
36
58
3

Kips
Kips
Ksi
Ksi
Ksi

INPUT

ONLY

EQUATION:
AREA = 0.7854 (Diam - 0.9382 P)^2
Grade A = 400MpA (fu) fy = 250 MPA
Grade B = 690 Mpa
Tu = fu x Area
Td = Tu / S.F.

fy = 400 Mpa

S.F. = 4.0 [ Joshep E. Bowles P -432]

FOUNDATION DESIGN [SQUARE / RECTANGULAR FOOTING]

INPUT DATA:
Coumn size: Long side, CLS =

18

in

457

mm

Short side, CSS =

18
9
8
200
245
4
4
60

in

457
28
8

mm
mm
Nos.

5
100

Ksf
Ib/cft

Longitudinal column bar number, # =

Number of column steel rod, n =
Unfactored (service) live load, LL =
Unfactored (service) dead load, DL =
Base of footing below final grade, H =
Ultimate concrete strength, fc' =
Yield stress of steel, fy =
Allowable soil pressure, qa =
Unit weight fill material i.e. soil, W =

Nos.
Kips
Kips
ft
Ksi
Ksi

SOLUTION:
Assumed total depth of footing, D =
Pressure of footing, wf = D*150 =

24

in

300

psf

Pressure of soil, ws = W*(H-D) =

200

psf

Hence, Effective soil pressure, qe = qa-wf-ws =

4500

psf

Required area of the footing, A = (DL+LL)/q e =

Side of the square footing, L or B = A =
Hence, Selected side of the footing, L or B =

98.89
9.94
10

ft2
ft
ft

Ultimate or factored load, Pu = 1.4DL+1.7LL =

683

Kips

Net upward pressure, qu = Pu/L =

6.83

Ksf

Effective depth, d = D-4.5 =

Perimeter of punching area, bo = 2(CLS+d)+2(CSS+d) =

19.5

in

150

in

Punching shear force, Vu2 = Pu-qu(CLS+d)(CSS+d) =

616.3

Ratio of long to short side of column, Bc = CLS/CSS =

Required depth for punching, d1 = Vu2/(0.85*4 fc' bo) =
as =

Kips

1
19.11

in
as = 40 for interior columns

40

d2 = Vu2/(0.85*(2+4/Bc) fc' bo) =

12.74

in

30 for edge columns

d3 = Vu2/(0.85*(asd/bo+2) fc' bo) =

10.61

in

20 for corner columns

Critical section location for one-way shear action:

From edge of footing, LCS = (L/2-CSS/2-d) =

31.5

in

One-way shear force, Vu1 = quLLCS = 179.29 Kips

Required depth for oneway shear, d 1 = Vu1/(0.85*2 fc' L) =

13.9

in

Bending moment at column edge, Mu =1/2qu(L/2-CSS/2)2L = 616.83 Kip-ft

Ru = Mu/bd2 = 162.22 psi
Steel ratio, r = 0.85f'c/fy[1- 1-2Ru/(0.85*0.85f'c)] = 0.00328
Taken, equivalent constant stress block depth, a =

1.06

in

Required steel area, As = Mu/(0.9fy(d-a/2)) =

7.23

in2 and a = Asfy/0.85fc'b =

Maximum steel area for balanced steel ratio, As = rbd=

7.68

in2

Minimum steel area for shrinkage, As = 0.002bD =

5.76

in2

Minimum steel area for flexure, As = (200/fy)*bd =

7.8

in2

Therefore, adopted steel area, As =

Choosen bar number, # =

7.8
6

in2

Number of bar, n =
Spacing, S =

18
6.71

Nos.
in c/c. in both directions

Check of bearing stress:

Cross-sectional area of column, A1 = CSS*CLS =

2.25

ft2

20

Area of footing, A2 = L*B =

100
Bearing strenght at base of column, N1=0.7*0.85fc'A1= 771.12
Bearing strength at top of footing, N2 = N1 A2/A1 = 5140.8
Hence, maximum adopted value of N2 = 2N1 = 1542.24
Since Pu is less than N1 and N2, bearing stress is adequate

ft2

Required minimum dowel area, Asd = 0.005A1 =

in2

1.62

(Trial value of a = d/20)

Kips
Kips
Kips

1.06

mm

Greater than

2N1

Collecte Data:
Sp. Gravity of coarse aggregate (C.A.) =

Value:
1.85

Unit: Mix the concrete in the field by

Sp. Gravity of fine aggregate (F.A.)=

2.65

Cement =

Sp. Gravity of Cement =

3.15

F.A. =

Fineness modulus (FM) of selected F.A. =

2.4

C.A. =

Unit weignt of dry rodded C.A.=

Surface moisture contains by F.A. =
Surface moisture from F.A. absorbed by C.A. =

69
3
0.1

Specified minimum strength by Structural Engr. =

Standard deviation (from Table 11.2, Page- 437), s =

3000
70

lb/ft3
%
%
psi
kg/cm2

Data from Given table & graphs:

Water =
Mix the concrete in the field by
Cement =
F.A. =
C.A. =
Water =
So, the Density/unit wt. of the concrete

Hence Average design strength =

Water/Cement ratio from the Fig: 11.3, for value H16 =
Water/Cement ratio from the Table: 11.5 =
Maximum size of C.A to be used from Table: 11.6 =
Workability in terms of slump From Table: 11.7 =
Water in lb/ft3 of concrete (From Table: 11.8) =
Approximate entrapped air content (Table: 11.8) =
Bulk volume of C.A. per unit volume of concrete =
(From Table: 11.4)

5319
0.57
0.75
3
12.7
2
0.65

psi

373.71 kg/cm2
(According to value of F16 and 28 days curve)

in
in
lb/ft3
%

(According the minimum dimension & type of Construc

(According to the type of Construction)
(According to slump and maximum size of C.A.)

Hence, Cement content =

22.28

lb

Weight of C.A. required =

44.85

lb

Cement =

7.07 ft3

Solid volume of F.A. required =

Water =

12.7

C.A. =

17.17 ft3

Actual quantity of water to be added =

Note:

(According to maximum size of C.A. & F.M. of F.A.)

1) Unit weight of Brick ballast = 69 lb/ft3

2) Specific gravity of Brick ballast = 1.8~2.0
3) Unit weight of Stone ballast = 100 lb/ft3

24.24 ft3
Weight of F.A. =

11.38

lb

Air (%) =

4) Specific gravity of Stone ballast = 2.6~2.8

5) Unit weight of Sand (Dry to wet) = 100~120 lb/ft3
6) Specific gravity of Sand = 2.65
7) Unit weight of Cement = 90 lb/ft3
8) Specific gravity of Cement = 3.15

n the field by weight of the materials:

22.28

lb

0.248 ft3

46.87

lb

0.469 ft3

44.89

lb

0.651 ft3

11.38 lb
0.182 ft3
n the field by proportion:
(By weight) (By volume)
1
1
2.1
1.89
2.01
0.51

2.63
0.73

it wt. of the concrete

125 lb/ft3

of F16 and 28 days curve)

mum dimension & type of Construction)

pe of Construction)
p and maximum size of C.A.)

mum size of C.A. & F.M. of F.A.)

1.25

ft3

45.5

lb

MOMENT CONNECTION (END PLATE CONNECTION)

[FOR STATIC LOAD ONLY]
INPUT DATA:
Bending moment, M =
Shear force/End reaction, R =
Yield stress of steel, Fy =
Depth of girder/beam, d =
Thickness of the web, tw =
Flange width of the girder/beam, bf =
Flange thickness of the beam, tf =
(bearing type), Fv =
Allowable shear stress for
A325
Allowable tensile stress of one bolt, Ft =
Tensile strength of electrode material (E70 electrodes), F u =
Shank diameter of bolts, db =

A325

152
16
50
650
6
150
8
21
44
70

kip-ft
kips
ksi
mm
mm
mm
mm
ksi
ksi
ksi

0.787 in

SOLUTION:
Number of bolts above and below the tension flange:

Tensile force developed in the tension flange, Ff = M/(d - tf) =

Shank area of the bolt (one), Av = 3.141 x d b2/4 =

72.16 kips

0.4869 in2
Tensile force capacity per bolt, Rt = Av x Ft =
21.42 kips
Hence, Required number of bolts in tensile force zone, Nb = T / Rt =
3.36881
(Symmetrical placement above and below the tension flange should be done)
Try

0.787

in Diameter bolt =

nos.

Welding Size (SMAW):

Shear force in fillet welds, Rw = T / Lw = T / {2(bf+tf) - tw)} =
Required weld size, a = Rw /(0.3Fu x 0.707) =

5.91
0.4

kips/in
in

Width of the Joint Plate:

Width of the joint plate, W = bf + 1 =

6.906 in

Lenght of the Joint Plate:

Minimum erection clearance for bolts, E =
Minimum edge distance (Center of hole to edge of joint plate), Le =

1.97
1.97

Positions of bolts above tension flange, Pf = db + 0.5 =

1.969 in

Length of the joint plate, L = d + 2(s + Le) =

33.47 in

Thickness of the Joint Plate:

Moment arm for bending moment of joint plate, Pe = Pf - a - (db/4) =
Ca =
Cb = bf / W =
Area of the tension flange, Af = bf x tf =
Area of web (clear of flanges), Aw = (d - 2tf) x tw =
am = CaCb(Af / Aw)1/3(Pe / db)1/4 =

1.37 in
1.09
0.925
1.86 in2
5.891 in2
0.79

Bending moment acting on the joint plate, M = amFfPe/4 =

19.52 kips-in

Required joint plate thickness, tp = 6M / (0.75Fy x W) =

0.67

in
in

in

ONNECTION)

INPUT
NO CHANGE
25.591 in
0.236
in
5.906
in
0.315
in
(From table 7.1, pp~185)

20

mm

11

mm

176

mm

50
50

mm
mm

See the AISC ASD 9th EDITION Code:

Page : 4-119

50

mm

851

mm

INPUT

Pf =( db+0.5), in

Ref.:
See the AISC ASD 8th EDITION Code:
Page : 4-111

18

Fy (ksi)
36
42
45

A325
Ca
1.13
1.11
1.1

A490
Ca
1.14
1.13
1.12

50

1.09

1.1

mm
O.K.

For FuXX

70

ksi

0.928

Welding Size:
Top Flange to End Plate Welding

D=

Ff
0.928(2(bf+tf)-tw)

6.37

0.40

in

3.81

0.24

in

Web to End Plate Welding

D=

0.6Fy*tw
0.928*2

0.3xteffxFuxx
16

10.11

mm

6.06

mm

TEARING CHECK / BLOCK SHEAR

Combined Shear N Tear Failior of Beam web(block Shear):

Tensile Strength of steel

65

No. of bolt

Depth of last bolt from top

200

Size of Hole

18

Horizontal Distance of bolt from the edge

50

Thick ness of web

Shear At the end (Each Row)

11

Avr

=
=

775
1.20

sq.mm
sq.inch

Ant

205

sq.mm

0.32

sq.inch

33.75

Kips

CAPACITY OF EACH ROW

SAFE & PROVIDE

L-CLEAT CONNECTION
1. One Sided Connection (Single Shear Connection)
Beam Section
d
tw

325

mm

12.80

in

mm

0.20

in

bf

150

mm

5.91

in

tf

=
=

6
16

mm
mm

0.24
0.63

in
in

Allowable Shearing Stress

Allowable Load /Bolt
Nos. of Bolts Required
Vertical Edge Distance lv

=
=
=

14.48
29.11
2.00

KN/cm2
KN
Nos.

21
6.54
3

ksi
Kips
Nos.

40

mm

1.57

in

Horizontal Edge Distance lh

=
=
=
=
=

40
75
50
257.98
50.78

mm
mm
mm
KN
KN

1.57
2.95
1.97
58
11.42

in
in
in
Kips
Kips

a
b
c
thck.

=
=
=
=

100
100
250
6

mm
mm
mm
mm

3.94
3.94
9.84
0.24

in
in
in
in

ALLOWABLE LOAD, R

35.99

KN

8.09

Kips

Bolt Dia

db

Vertical Spacing of Bolt

Horizaontal End distance of hole in Beam
End distance Bearing value from Table I-F
Actual Value Bearing value from Table I-F
L-Cleat Section:

1.1 Check for Bearing

UNSAFE & INCREASE THICK. OF PLATE.

2) Shear Stress>
Yield Strength
Ultimate Strength
Allowable Shear Strength
Allowable Shear Strength

=
=
=
=

34.47
44.81
17.93
13.44

KN/cm2
KN/cm2
KN/cm2
KN/cm2

50
65
20
19.5

Ksi
Ksi
Ksi
Ksi

Net Area
Actual Shearing Stress (fv)

11.76

Cm2

3.65

in2

4.16

KN

3.02

Ksi

O.K. Shearing Stress

Gross Area
Actual Shearing Stress (fv)

15.00

Cm2

4.65

in2

3.26

KN

2.37

Ksi

O.K. Shearing Stress

L-CLEAT CONNECTION
1. Two Sided Connection (Double Shear Connection)
Beam Section
d
tw

325

mm

12.80

in

mm

0.20

in

bf

150

mm

5.91

in

tf

=
=

6
16

mm
mm

0.24
0.63

in
in

Allowable Shearing Stress

Allowable Load /Bolt
Nos. of Bolts Required
lv

=
=
=

14.48
29.11
1.00

KN/cm2
KN
Nos.

21
13.09
3

ksi
Kips
Nos.

40

mm

1.57

in

lh

40

mm

1.57

in

Bolt Dia

db

Spacing of Bolt
End distance of hole in Beam
End distance Bearing value from Table I-F
Actual Value Bearing value from Table I-F

=
=
=
=

75
50
257.98
50.78

mm
mm
KN
KN

2.95
1.97
58
11.42

in
in
Kips
Kips

a
b
c
thck.

=
=
=
=

100
100
250
6

mm
mm
mm
mm

3.94
3.94
9.84
0.24

in
in
in
in

ALLOWABLE LOAD, R

71.98

KN

16.18

Kips

L-Cleat Section:

1.1 Check for Bearing

SAFE & PROVIDE

2) Shear Stress>
Yield Strength
Ultimate Strength
Allowable Shear Strength
Allowable Shear Strength

=
=
=
=

34.47
44.81
13.79
13.44

KN/cm2
KN/cm2
KN/cm2
KN/cm2

50
65
20
19.5

Ksi
Ksi
Ksi
Ksi

Net Area
Actual Shearing Stress (fv)

24.24

Cm2

3.76

in2

2.02

KN/cm2

2.93

Ksi

O.K. Shearing Stress

Gross Area
Actual Shearing Stress (fv)

30.00

Cm2

4.65

in2

1.63

KN/cm2

2.37

Ksi

O.K. Shearing Stress

EAR

ksi

(65ksi for 50 Grade & 58ksi for 36 Grade)

Nos

mm

mm

0.71

in

48.93

KN

mm

mm

Kips

Ref. AISC ASD-8th Edition P-(4-11)

CAPACITY OF EACH ROW

Table I-F

Edge
Alowable Loads, Kips
Distance,
(for 1 fastener, 1inch. thick m
Lv & Lh,
in
Fu = 58

Manually Provided

Manually Provided

29

1.125

32.6

1.25
1.5

36.3
43.5

1.75
2
2.25

50.8
58
65.3

2.5

72.5

2.75
3

79.8
87

Tabular Value X t X n

See the AISC ASD Manual Page 4-10

LATE.

Check for Gross or Net Area

0.4 x Fy
0.3 x Fu

[On Gross Area]

[On Net Area]

Shear on Net area Governs when

dia of Hole > L/(6n)
L/(6n)

13.89

dia of Hole

18.00

Net Area Govern

Table I-F
Edge
Alowable Loads, Kips
Distance,
(for 1 fastener, 1inch. thick m
Lv & Lh,
Fu = 58
in
1
29

Manually Provided

1.125

32.6

1.25
1.5

36.3
43.5

1.75
2
2.25

50.8
58
65.3

2.5

72.5

2.75

79.8

Manually Provided

87

Tabular Value X t X n

See the AISC ASD Manual Page 4-10

Check for Gross or Net Area

0.4 x Fy
0.3 x Fu

[On Gross Area]

[On Net Area]

Shear on Net area Governs when

dia of Hole > L/(6n)
L/(6n)

13.89

dia of Hole

16.00

Net Area Govern

Alowable Loads, Kips

(for 1 fastener, 1inch. thick material)
Fu = 65

Fu = 70

Fu = 100

32.5

35

50

36.6

39.4

56.3

40.6
48.8

43.8
52.5

62.5
75

56.9
65
73.1

61.3
70
78.8

87.5
100
113

81.3

87.5

125

89.4
97.5

96.3
105

138
150

overns when

mm

0.55

in

mm

0.63

in

a Govern

Alowable Loads, Kips

(for 1 fastener, 1inch. thick material)
Fu = 65 Fu = 70 Fu = 100
32.5

35

50

36.6

39.4

56.3

40.6
48.8

43.8
52.5

62.5
75

56.9
65
73.1

61.3
70
78.8

87.5
100
113

81.3

87.5

125

89.4

96.3

138

97.5

105

150

overns when

a Govern

mm

0.55

in

mm

0.63

in

BEAM BEARING PLATE DESIGN

INPUT DATA:
Reaction force, R =
Allowable unit bearing pressure on wall, Fp =
Width of the bearing plate (parallel to beam), C (N) =
Yield stress of steel, Fy =

20
250
8
50

kips
psi
in
ksi

Flange width of the beam, bf =

200

mm

80
11

in2
in

SOLUTION:
Required plate area, A = R/Fp =
Length of bearing plate parallel to wall, B = A/C

(Generally 8 in, for 10

7.87

Provide minimum Length of bearing plate, B =

11.87 in

302

Actual bearing pressure on plate, fp = R/(B*C)

Cantilever projection, n = B/2-k =
Allowable bearing stress on plate, Fb = 0.75Fy =

210.61 psi
4.68 in
37.5 ksi

Say, k =

Hence thickness of bearing plate, t = 3fpn2/Fb

0.61

in

Safe Bearing Pressure on Masonry and Concrete Wall:

Type of Wall:
Brick: i) soft
ii) medium
iii) hard
Concrete i) hollow units
ii) solid units

Pressure (psi)
150
200
300
150
260

Poured concrete walls i) 3000 psi concrete

ii) 4000 psi concrete

650
850

SIGN

INPUT ONLY
OUT PUT
(Generally 8 in, for 10 in wall)
in
REF.:
SEE THE AISC ASD 8TH EDITION
Along with Wall
Check "K" Value

PAGE: 2-47

mm

Calculate "K" Value:

1.26

16

(Generally 1 in)
mm

Thickness of Flange
Depth of Welding

Provide

Masonry Bearing (Fp):

In the Absence of Code regulations the Following stress apply:
On Sand Stone & Lime Stone
On Brick in Cement Morter
On the full area of Concrete Support

=
=
=

0.40 ksi
0.25 ksi
0.35fc' ksi

On less than the full area of the Concrete Support

0.35fc' A2/A1 <= 0.7fc' ksi

Here,
fc' = Specified Compressive Strength of Concrete, ksi
A1 = Bearing Area
A2 = Full Cross Sectional Area of Concrete Support, in2
REF.:
SEE THE AISC ASD 8TH EDITION
PAGE: 5-46

Thickness of Flange
Depth of Welding

=
=

20
12

mm
mm

0.79
0.47

in
in

1.26

in

k
tf

apply:

0.35fc' ksi
0.35fc' A2/A1 <= 0.7fc' ksi

SHEAR CONNECTION DESIGN

INPUT DATA:
End reaction, R =
Yield stress of steel, Fy =
Depth of Girder/Column on which beams to be connects, d 1 =
Thickness of Girder/Column on which beams to be connects, t 1 =
Depth of connecting beam, d2 =
Thickness of connecting beam, t2 =
Shank diameter of bolts, db =A325
Allowable shear stress for A325 (bearing type), Fv =
Specified minimum tensile strength, Fu =

8.6
36
600
8
425
5
0.63
21
58

kips
ksi
mm
mm
mm
mm
in
ksi
ksi

SOLUTION:
1) Determination of limiting bolt value for the connecting leg:
Shear type of bolt, (Use 1 for single and 2 for double shear)
i) Area of one bolt, Av = pdb2/4 =

0.312

in2

ii) Bearing area, Ab = dbt2 =

iii) Bolt value in shear for connected leg, BV s = FvAv =
iv) Bolt value in bearing, BVb = FpAb = 1.5FuAb =
Hence governing bolt value per bolt, BV c =
2) Number of bolts required for connecting leg, n = R/BV c =

0.124
13.1
10.79
10.79
1

in2
kips
ksi
ksi
Nos

3) Determination of limiting bolt value for the outstanding leg:

Shear type of bolt, (Use 1 for single and 2 for double shear)
i) Area of one bolt, Av = pdb2/4 =

ii) Bearing area, Ab = dbt1 =

iii) Bolt value in shear for outstanding leg, BV s = FvAv =
iv) Bolt value in bearing, BVb = FpAb = 1.5FuAb =
Hence governing bolt value per bolt, BV o =
4) Number of bolts required for outstanding leg, n = R/BV o =
5) Required thickness of the connecting angle, t ] 2(R/n)/(F uLe) =

(Double shear)

(Single shear)

0.312

in2

0.195
6.55
16.97
6.55
2

in2
kips
ksi
ksi
Nos

0.15
4

in
mm

6) Check for tear failure:

23.62 in
0.31 in
16.73 in
0.197 in
16 mm
(From table 7.1, pp~185)
(From Table 2, App. A, AISC)

(Double shear)

(For Double shear of bolt)

(Single shear)

(For Single shear of bolt)

(End distance, Le = 1.25 in)

WEIGHT LIST
I-BEAM (Tapered Section)
1st End
bf =
200 mm
d=
500 mm
tf =
10
mm
tw =
5
mm

7.87
19.69
0.39
0.2

in
in
in
in

Length segment, Ls =
Number of member, n =

3200
1

mm
Nos

Weight per meter length =

Total
46.31 kg/m
47.09 kg/m

Total weigth, Wt =
Total weigth, Wt =

148.192
150.688

I-BEAM
PARAMETER,S
Flange width, df =
Total depth, h =
Flange Thickness, tf =
Web thickness, tw =
Total length of the member, L =
Number of member, n =

Hence Depth of web, dw =

And Cross section area, A =

2st End
bf =
d=
tf =
tw =

kg
kg

(Actual)
(Purchace)
(Actual)
(Purchace)

INPUT VALUE
250
350
10
6
11700
1

mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
Nos

INCH
9.84
13.78

11.7

kg
kg

(Actual)
(Purchace)

Total weigth, Wt =
Total weigth, Wt =

641.01
652.03

kg
kg

(Actual)
(Purchace)

INPUT VALUE
195
100
6
6
140

mm
mm
mm
mm
mm

0.14

Nos

And Cross section area, A =

Hence, Weight of the member, W =

meter

RESULTS
330
mm
6980
sq. mm
641.01
652.03

Number of member, n =

RESULTS
1734
sq. mm
1.91
kg

Total weight, Wt =

1.91

PLATE
PARAMETER,S

INPUT VALUE

kg

mm
mm
mm
mm

14.12 kg/ft
14.36 kg/ft

Hence, Weight of the member, W =

ANGLE
PARAMETER,S
Long Leg, L1 =
Short Leg, L2 =
Flange Thickness of Long Leg, t1 =
Flange thickness of Short Leg, t2 =
Total length of the member, L =

200
300
10
5

meter

7.87
11.81
0.39
0.2

in
in
in
in

31.13 plf
31.65 plf

Plate width, B =
Thickness, t =
Total length of the member, L =

250
20
250

mm
mm
mm

Number of member, n =

84

Nos

And Cross section area, A =

Hence, Weight of the member, W =
Total weight, Wt =

RESULTS
5000
sq. mm
9.81
kg
824.04

kg

0.25

meter

DOWN PIPE CALCULATION

1. Total length of the building, L =
2. Slope length i.e. length from ridge to eave (in meter), W =

76
13.7

Meter
Meter

Code of Gutter:
SFA-07A580
3. Width of gutter (in m), B =
4. Depth of gutter =

250
250

mm
mm

0.25
0.25

Meter
Meter

Code of Down Pipe: SFA-09A380

5. Long side of Downspout (Downpipe) =
6. Width of Downspout (Downpipe) =

200
200

mm
mm

20
20

cm
cm

7. Maximum rainfall, I =
8. Roof slope constant, C =

150
1

Area of downspout i.e. downpine (in cm 2), A =

Depth / width ratio of gutter, M =

400
1

Sq.cm

Downpipe spacing based on gutter size, Ds =

Downpipe spacing based on downpipe size, Ds =

48.22
85.64

Meter
Meter

Hence, Downpipe spacing, Ds =

No. of Down pipe along the length of building, n =

48.22
Meter
158.16
3
Nos. per side

mm/hr
(1 for roof slope from 0.0/10 to 2.0/10)
(1.1 for roof slope from 2.1/10 to 5.4/10)
(1.2 for roof slope from 5.5/10 to 8.2/10)
(1.3 for roof slope from 8.3/10 and higher)

feet centre to centre

0.0/10 to 2.0/10)
m 2.1/10 to 5.4/10)
m 5.5/10 to 8.2/10)
m 8.3/10 and higher)

feet centre to centre

13.71533

The complete design of beams requires consideration of

1) Bending and shear resistance
2) Deflection limitation
3) Lateral buckling, and
4) Local buckling

Note: The flexural rigidity (EI) is that property of a beam that controls deflection. I.e. the larger the

Compact section: A beam that has stability while all fibers reach yield stress is referred to as be
The moment capacity attainable at this state of full yield is refferred to as the plastic moment.
Through research, it is known that rolled-beams have a plastic moment capacity of at least 10
greater than the moment at first yield.

deflection. I.e. the larger the value of E and I, smalleer will be deflection.

ld stress is referred to as being compact.

o as the plastic moment.
ment capacity of at least 10% - 12%

OTHER DESIGN [BEAM+ANGLE+T-SECTION]

Note:
1) Red ink for input data
2) Magenta for Analysis
3) Blue for AISC manua
4) Black is calculated d

INPUT DATA
Yield stress of steel, Fy =

50
29000
51.5
4.5
30

Elastic modulus, E =
Length of the beam, L =
Unbraced length, Lb =
Assuming beam weight =

Solution:
1) Taking maximum allowable fibre stress for beam,
Fb =
0.66
Fy =

ksi
ksi
ft
ft
plf

33

ksi

2) Calculation of minimum depth, dmin:

i) L/24 =
ii) (Fy/800)xL =

25.75 in
39 in

Hence, taken minimum depth of beam, dmin: =

From analysis, (By STAADPro or other softwares)
i) Maximum shear force, V =
ii) Maximum bending moment, M =
3) Required section modulus, S = M/Fb

39
990

in
mm

15
150

kips
ft-kips

54.55 in3

4) Considering minimum depth and section modulus,

bf =
tf =
d=
tw =

250
8
475
5

mm
mm
mm
mm

9.84
0.31
18.7
0.2

in
in
in
in

147.08 (Flange width must be less than

13.6 (Flange depth must be greater th
452.55 (Depth must be less that this valu
5.25 (Web thickness must be greater

h = (d-2*tf) =

459
mm
18.07 in
X-area, A =
6295
mm2
9.76
sq.in
Ix=
258403075 mm4
620.82 in4
Iy =
20838114.58 mm4
50.06 in4
rx = Ix/A =
202.61 mm
7.98
in
ry = Iy/A =
57.53
mm
2.26
in
Sx =
1088012.95 mm3
66.39 in3
(Section is OK for flexure)
Weight =
49.41
kg/m
33.21 plf
(But analysis again by this weight)
15.06
kg/ft
5) Check for compactness of the section: (I.e. Local buckling)
Flange width/thickness ration, bf/2tf =
15.87
>
(Flanges are not compact)
93.5
>
(Web is not compact)

Web depth/thickness ration, d/tw =

Lc = 76bf/ Fy =
and Lc =20000/((d/Af)*Fy)) =

105.76
65.25

in
in

Hence, Governing Lc =

65.25
in
(OK of torsional buckling)

Radius of gyration of the compression flange, r T =

The slenderness ratio of the compression flange, L b/rT =

2.26
in
23.89
in
From bending moment diagram: (Moment at the ends of the each unbraced length)
Smaller values moment, M1 =
1
ft-kips
and Larger values moment, M2 =
(Note: In an unbraced beam the value of C b always equal to 1)
Moment gradient multiplier, Cb = 1.75+1.05(M1/M2)+0.3(M1/M2)2 =
102000Cb/Fy =

45.17

510000Cb/Fy =

101

i) If

102000Cb/Fy <

Lb/rT

510000Cb/Fy

<

Take, Fb = [2/3 - Fy(Lb/rT)2 / (1530000Cb)] =

ii) if Lb/rT >

psi

297.86

psi

510000Cb/Fy

Take, Fb = 170000Cb/(Lb/rT)2 =
and for every case, Fb = (12000Cb)/(Lbd/Af)
Use larger of

32.4

32.4

and

36.25

Hence, use strength reduction factor, F.S. =

5) Check for shear:
For this section, allowable shear stress, Fv = 0.4Fy =
Hence, Developed shear stress, fv = V/dtw =
6) Check for deflection:
Maximum allowable deflection, Dallowable = L/360 =

36.25
But not more than, 0.6Fy =
0.73

20

psi
30 psi
(In cell E11)

ksi

4.01 ksi
(Section is OK for shear)
1.72

in

From analysis, (By STAADPro or other softwares)

D=
6.1
(Deflection exceeds the limit, select a beam having greater I)

in

(Note: If one of the step of 5) and 6) is fail, adequacy must be check again for
bending, shear and deflection)

<

>

T - section:
From analysis, (By STAADPro or other softwares)
i) Maximum shear force, V =
ii) Maximum bending moment, M =

15
2

3) Required section modulus, S = M/Fb

0.73

kips
ft-kips
in3

4) Considering minimum depth and section modulus,

bf =
tf =
d=
tw =
h = (d-tf) =
X-area, A =
y=
Ix=
Iy =
rx = Ix/A =
ry = Iy/A =
Sx (top) =
Sx (bottom) =
Weight =

Sy

225
6
250
4

mm
mm
mm
mm

8.86
0.24
9.84
0.16

in
in
in
in

244
2326
55.45
12882773.6
5696613.83
74.42
49.49
232331.353
29280.9757
18.26
5.57

mm
mm2
mm
mm4
mm4
mm
mm
mm3
mm3
kg/m
kg/ft

9.61
3.61
2.18
30.95
13.69
2.93
1.95
14.18
1.79
12.27

in
sq.in
in
in4
in4
in
in
in3
in3
plf

50636.5674

3.0900329

0 (Flange width must be less than

#DIV/0! (Flange depth must be greater th
0 (Depth must be less that this valu
#DIV/0! (Web thickness must be greater

(Centroid from top of the flange)

(Section is OK for flexure)

(Section is OK for flexure)
(But analysis again by this weight)

Z - section:
From analysis, (By STAADPro or other softwares)
i) Maximum shear force, V =
ii) Maximum bending moment, M =

15
2

3) Required section modulus, S = M/Fb

0.26

kips
ft-kips
in3

4) Considering minimum depth and section modulus,

bf =
tf =
d1 =
d2 =
tw1 =
tw2 =
h = (d-tf) =
X-area, A =
y=
Ix=
Iy =
rx = Ix/A =
ry = Iy/A =
Sx (top) =
Sx (bottom) =
Weight =

Sy

250
6
62
62
6
6

mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm

9.84
0.24
2.44
2.44
0.24
0.24

in
in
in
in
in
in

56
1836
8.67
266077.38
7813508
12.04
65.24
30689.4325
146512.432
14.41
4.39

mm
mm2
mm
mm4
mm4
mm
mm
mm3
mm3
kg/m
kg/ft

2.2
2.85
0.34
0.64
18.77
0.47
2.57
1.87
8.94
9.69

in
sq.in
in
in4
in4
in
in
in3
in3
plf

62508.064

3.8144761

(Centroid from top of the flange)

(Section is OK for flexure)

(Section is OK for flexure)
(Weight is in considering limit OK)

Angle - section:
From analysis, (By STAADPro or other softwares)
i) Maximum shear force, V =
ii) Maximum bending moment, M =

15 kips
0.392 ft-kips

3) Required section modulus, S = M/Fb

0.14

in3

4) Considering minimum depth and section modulus,

L1 =
t1 =
L2 =
t2 =
X-area, A =
y=
x=
Ixx=
Iyy =
rx = Ix/A =
ry = Iy/A =
Sx (top) =
Sx (bottom) =
Weight =

Sy

76.2
2
76.2
2

mm
mm
mm
mm

3
0.08
3
0.08

in
in
in
in

300.8
19.8
19.8
177278.99
177278.99
24.28
24.28
8953.48434
3143.2445
2.36
0.72

mm2
mm
mm
mm4
mm4
mm
mm
mm3
mm3
kg/m
kg/ft

0.466
0.78
0.78
0.43
0.43
0.96
0.96
0.55
0.19
1.59

sq.in
in
in
in4
in4
in
in
in3
in3
plf

4652.99186

0.283943

(Section is OK for flexure)

(Section is OK for flexure)
(Weight is in considering limit OK)

TION]
1) Red ink for input data
2) Magenta for Analysis data
3) Blue for AISC manual
4) Black is calculated data
bf/2

tf
d

h
tw

bf

15000 lb
1800000 in-lb

width must be less than this value)

depth must be greater than this value)
must be less that this value)
ckness must be greater that this value)

by this weight)

65/ Fy = 9.1924
640/ Fy = 90.51

8.81
5.44

ft
ft

5.44

ft

alues moment, M2 =
1

> 4.5 ft ( = Lb)

-1

ft-kips

psi
(In cell E11)

20

ksi

1.72

in

15000 lb
24000 in-lb

width must be less than this value)

depth must be greater than this value)
must be less that this value)
ckness must be greater that this value)

of the flange)

by this weight)

15000 lb
24000 in-lb

of the flange)

dering limit OK)

15000 lb
4704 in-lb

L1

x
t1

Ixx
L2

dering limit OK)

t2

Iyy

WIND LOAD CALCULATION [ANSI]

Design pressure, p = qzGhCp (plus minus) GCpiqh
Note: z is define for different height, h is define for top height I.e. total height
General Data:
Total length of the building, L =
Total width of the building or span of gable, B =
Bayspacing or spacing of rafter =
Eave height of the building, HE =
Ridge height of the building, HR =

112
64
28
20
32

Solution:
1) Basic wind speed from BNBC =
2) Importance coefficient, I =
3) Velocity pressure exposure coefficient, Kz, for exposure
K15 =
For height in feet
0-15
K20 =
20
K25 =
25
K30 =
30
K35 =
35
K40 =
40

153 kmph
1.05
C
0.8
qz =
0.87
qz =
0.94
qz =
0
qz =
0
qz =
0
qz =

4) Average height of the building, h =

Gust response factor, Gh =

26
1.27

5) Internal pressure coefficient for all height, GCpi =

At eave height of the gable frame, qe =
For total height or average of gable frame, q h =
Hence internal suction or internal pressure = GC piqh =
6) External wall pressure coefficient
a) For transverse wind:
B/L =
Windward wall, Cp =
Leeward wall, Cp =
Side or End walls, Cp =
h/B =
Windward roof, Cp =

6 0.25
22.16
23.94
6 5.99

0.57
0.8
-0.5
-0.7
0.41
-0.32

ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
95

20.38
22.16
23.94
0
0
0

ft

psf
psf
psf

and

Normal to ridge

Normal to ridge

Leeward roof, Cp =

-0.7

7) Design pressure for external forces plus internal suction, p = q zGhCp+GCpiqh

Windward wall:

0-15 ft
15~20 ft
20~25 ft
25~30 ft
30~35 ft
35~40 ft

Windward roof:
Leeward roof:
Leeward wall:
Side or End walls:

p=
p=
p=
p=
p=
p=

26.7
28.5
30.31
5.99
5.99
5.99

psf
psf
psf
psf
psf
psf

747
798
848
167
167
167

p=
p=
p=
p=

-3.74
-15.29
-8.08
-15.29

psf
psf
psf
psf

-105
-429
-227
-429

8) Design pressure for external forces plus internal pressure, p = qzGhCp-GC piqh
Windward wall:

0-15 ft
15~20 ft
20~25 ft
25~30 ft
30~35 ft
35~40 ft

Windward roof:
Leeward roof:
Leeward wall:
Side or End walls:

p=
p=
p=
p=
p=
p=

14.72
16.52
18.33
-5.99
-5.99
-5.99

psf
psf
psf
psf
psf
psf

412
462
513
-168
-168
-168

p=
p=
p=
p=

-15.72
-27.27
-20.06
-27.27

psf
psf
psf
psf

-441
-764
-562
-764

Note: Minus sign means the direction of the pressure is away from the surface.
Plus sign means pressure is toward the surface.

SI]

mal to ridge

mph

psf
psf
psf
psf
psf
psf

(From table 8.2, page-258)

(See page-261)
(From table 8.3, page-262)

(From table 8.4, page-263)

(From figure 8.16, page-265)

20 degree

mal to ridge

plf
plf
plf
plf
plf
plf
plf
plf
plf
plf

plf
plf
plf
plf
plf
plf
plf
plf
plf
plf