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The Crime Rates in Relationship With The Literacy Rate and Population of States in India

The document analyzes the relationship between crime rates (rape and kidnapping/abduction) and literacy rates/population in 8 Indian states using secondary data from 2011. Graphs and correlation analyses show negative relationships between crime rates and literacy rates, indicating higher literacy is associated with lower crime. However, the correlations are scattered due to varying state populations. The analysis concludes literacy rate and population influence crime rates in India.

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Nishad Mukherji
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129 views13 pages

The Crime Rates in Relationship With The Literacy Rate and Population of States in India

The document analyzes the relationship between crime rates (rape and kidnapping/abduction) and literacy rates/population in 8 Indian states using secondary data from 2011. Graphs and correlation analyses show negative relationships between crime rates and literacy rates, indicating higher literacy is associated with lower crime. However, the correlations are scattered due to varying state populations. The analysis concludes literacy rate and population influence crime rates in India.

Uploaded by

Nishad Mukherji
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Candidate number: 140091

Oct 2014

MSCI-110
COURSEWORK

J. JAYKIRAN

THE CRIME RATES IN RELATIONSHIP WITH


THE LITERACY RATE AND POPULATION OF
STATES IN INDIA

Candidate number: 140091


Oct 2014

MSCI-110
COURSEWORK

J. JAYKIRAN

INTRODUCTION AND RESEARCH OBJECTIVE:


India comprises of 7 union territories and 29 states. The union
territories and states are further sub divided into districts and
administrative divisions.
There are no countries without crime rates and certainly India is not
an exception.
According to the Global Peace Index (GPI) India was ranked 141 out
of 162 countries.
I would be concentrating on one of the most common crime against
women in India, which is rape. According to a 13-year rape analysis
survey it reveals that there is almost 57 rape cases reported
everyday in India, which averages over 2 rapes a hour and one rape
every thirty minutes.
I would be also concentrating on kidnapping and abduction crime
rates in India in relationship with literacy rate and population.
According to the section 359 and 360 penal code of India kidnapping
and abduction is considered as an offence. Kidnapping and
abductions are also very common crimes, which takes place in India.
Abduction is to carry someone without their willingness by force or
deceitful means and the motive behind the act will be only revealed
after the victim is set free or released.
Kidnapping is to carry someone without their willingness by force or
deceitful means and the motive is to keep the victim as a hostage
and to use the victim as a negotiating tool.

Candidate number: 140091


Oct 2014

MSCI-110
COURSEWORK

J. JAYKIRAN

DATA DESCRIPTION:
The main aim of this investigation is to establish if there is a
possible relationship between the crime rates and the literacy rate,
crime rates and the population
And by conducting this investigation I would like to show what type
of relation exists between crime rates and literacy rate, crime rates
and population.
Method:
1. I

collected

the

secondary

date

of

rape

incidence

and

kidnapping/abduction rate for 2011 of 8 states in India.


2. I collected the secondary data of population and literacy rate for
2011 of 8 states in India.
3. Graphs and conclusions were then drawn about the possible
relationship, which exists, between the crime rates and the
literacy rates, crime rates and the population.

Candidate number: 140091


Oct 2014

MSCI-110
COURSEWORK

J. JAYKIRAN
Kidnapping and
Name
Rape Incidence
3406
2363
2042
1800
1701
1700
1442
1132
DATA ANALYSIS

Madhya Pradesh
West Bengal
Uttar Pradesh
Rajasthan
Maharashtra
Assam
Andhra Pradesh
Kerala

Abduction
1288
4285
8500
3204
1610
3764
2154
299

SECONDARY DATA-1:
PIE CHART:

Rape Incidence

Kerala; 7%
Madhya
Pradesh; 22%
Andhara Pradesh;
9%
Assam; 11%
West Bengal; 15%
Maharashtra; 11%
Rajasthan; 12% Uttar Pradesh; 13%

Mean-

1948.25

Minimum-1132
Median-

1750.5

Maximum-3406
Standard deviation- 694.1730435

Range-

2274
BAR GRAPH:

Popula
7,26,26
9,12,76
19,98,12
6,85,48
11,23,74
3,12,05
8,45,80
3,34,06

Candidate number: 140091


Oct 2014

MSCI-110
COURSEWORK

J. JAYKIRAN
8500

9000
8000
7000
6000
5000

4285

4000
3000
2000

3764

3204

Kidnapping and Abduction


1288

1610

2154

1000

299

Mean-3138

Standard

deviation-2542.449494
Median-2679
Minimum-299

Range- 8201
Maximum-

8500
As it is shown in the graph above there are few states, which lies above the mean of the
rape incidence and those states are Madhya Pradesh, West Bengal and Uttar Pradesh.
Then there are few states, which lie above the mean of kidnapping and abduction and
those states are West Bengal, Uttar Pradesh, Assam and Rajasthan.
Through this analysis it is evident that Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal are above the
mean for both Rape incidence and kidnapping and abduction, which shows that the crime
rates in these particular states are high. It also shows Kerala as a least crime oriented
state when it comes to rape incidence, kidnapping and abduction.

SECONDARY DATA: 2

Name

Male Literates

Female

Total Literacy

Literates

Rate

Candidate number: 140091


Oct 2014

MSCI-110
COURSEWORK

J. JAYKIRAN
Madhya
Pradesh
West

2,58,48,137

1,79,79,056

70.63

Bengal
Uttar

3,45,08,159

2,81,06,397

77.08

Pradesh

7,04,79,196

4,79,44,609

69.72

Rajasthan
Maharasht

2,41,84,782

1,47,85,718

67.06

ra

4,62,94,041

3,62,18,184

82.91

Assam
Andhara

1,07,56,937

87,50,080

73.18

Pradesh

2,87,59,782

2,26,78,728

67.66

Kerala

1,37,55,888

1,44,78,339

93.91

Total Literacy Rate


Kerala

93.91

Andhara Pradesh

67.66

Assam

73.18

Maharashtra
Rajasthan

67.06

Uttar Pradesh

69.72

West Bengal

77.08

Madhya Pradesh
0

Mean: 75.26875
Deviation: 9.189
Median: 71.905
Minimum: 67.06

Total Literacy Rate

82.91

70.63
20

40

60

80

100

Standard
Range: 26.85
Maximum: 93.91

As the above graph suggests the literacy rate for Kerala is way
above the samples Uttar Pradesh and west Bengal that we took

Candidate number: 140091


Oct 2014

MSCI-110
COURSEWORK

J. JAYKIRAN
earlier. This analysis shows that crime rates and literacy rate are
related. The rape incidence for West Bengal was 2363 but for Kerala
it was only 1132. The kidnapping and abduction for Uttar Pradesh
was 8500 but for Kerala it was only 299. The literacy Rate for Uttar
Pradesh was only 69.72 but for Kerala it was 93.91. This analysis
show the impact literacy rate has on crime rates. The kidnapping
and abduction in Uttar Pradesh is 28.42 times more than Kerala.
This shows the impact of 24% increase in literacy rate to the society
as a whole.
CORRELATION BETWEEN RAPE INCIDENCE AND LITERCAY
RATE:

Mean of x: 75.27
Mean of y: 1948.25

Slope: -30.5
size: 8

Candidate number: 140091


Oct 2014

MSCI-110
COURSEWORK

J. JAYKIRAN
As the above graph shows a scatter diagram for the relationship
between rape incidence and literacy rate with a negative slope
which shows that there is a negative relationship between rape
incidence and literacy rate.
CORRELATION BETWEEN KIDNAPPING-ABDUCTION AND
LITERACY RATE:

Mean of x: 75.27

Slope:

-132.01
Mean of y: 3138

Size: 8

Candidate number: 140091


Oct 2014

MSCI-110
COURSEWORK

J. JAYKIRAN

The above graph shows a scatter diagram, which shows the


relationship between kidnapping-abduction and literacy rate. The
diagram shows a negative slope, which indicates that there is
negative

relationship

between

literacy

rate

and

kidnapping-

abduction. This analysis clearly indicates that improve in literacy will


lead to lower crime rate in a society.
IMPORTANCE OF POPULATION:
The main reason for the correlation diagram to be a scatter diagram
is due to the demography of particular states. The population for
Assam is 3,12,05,576 and in the other hand the population for Uttar
Pradesh is 19,98,12,341 that resists the correlation from being
perfectly correlated and keeps it as a scattered diagram.

Candidate number: 140091


Oct 2014

MSCI-110
COURSEWORK

J. JAYKIRAN

Kerala; 33,406,061 Madhya Pradesh; 72,626,809


Andhara Pradesh; 84,580,777

Assam; 31,205,576

West Bengal; 91,276,115

Maharashtra; 112,374,333

Uttar Pradesh; 199,812,341


Rajasthan; 68,548,437

CONCLUSION:
The main result of the analysis is that there is a relationship
between crime rates and the literacy rates of the states in India. The
analysis of mean, median and range indicates the relationship
between the crime rates and the literacy rate. The correlation charts
with the help of slope indicate the negative correlation between the
crime rates and the literacy rates. The varied population of different
states indicates the reason behind the structure of the correlation
diagram.
Therefore I would like to conclude through my analysis that there is
a relationship between crime rates, literacy rates and population.

Candidate number: 140091


Oct 2014

MSCI-110
COURSEWORK

J. JAYKIRAN

APPENDIX AND BIBLIOGRAPHY:


APPENDIX:
Kidnapping and
Name
Madhya Pradesh
West Bengal
Uttar Pradesh
Rajasthan
Maharashtra
Assam

Rape Incidence
3406
2363
2042
1800
1701
1700

Abduction
1288
4285
8500
3204
1610
3764

Popula
7,26,26
9,12,76
19,98,12
6,85,48
11,23,74
3,12,05

Candidate number: 140091


Oct 2014

MSCI-110
COURSEWORK

J. JAYKIRAN
Andhra Pradesh
Kerala
Name
Madhya

1442
1132

Male Literates

Female

2154
299
Total Literacy

Literates

Rate

Pradesh

2,58,48,137

1,79,79,056

70.63

West Bengal
Uttar

3,45,08,159

2,81,06,397

77.08

Pradesh

7,04,79,196

4,79,44,609

69.72

Rajasthan

2,41,84,782

1,47,85,718

67.06

Maharashtra

4,62,94,041

3,62,18,184

82.91

Assam
Andhara

1,07,56,937

87,50,080

73.18

Pradesh

2,87,59,782

2,26,78,728

67.66

Kerala

1,37,55,888

1,44,78,339

93.91

BIBLIOGRAPHY:

THE NEW INDIAN EXPRESS. 2014. 33,707 Rape Cases


Registered in India in 2013, MP Tops List. [ONLINE] Available
at: http://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/33707-RapeCases-Registered-in-India-in-2013-MP-TopsList/2014/07/02/article2311178.ece. [Accessed 28 October
14].

Maps of India. 2012. Top States by Rape Incidence in 2011.


[ONLINE] Available
at:http://www.mapsofindia.com/maps/india/top-states-rapeincidence.html. [Accessed 28 October 14].

indiafacts.in. 2014. Literacy rate Male and Female India 2011


census. [ONLINE] Available at:http://indiafacts.in/india-census2011/literacy-rate-india-2011/. [Accessed 28 October 14].

8,45,80
3,34,06

Candidate number: 140091


Oct 2014

MSCI-110
COURSEWORK

J. JAYKIRAN
census2011.co.in. 2014. States census 2011. [ONLINE]
Available at:http://www.census2011.co.in/states.php.
[Accessed 28 October 14].

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