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Kuala Lumpur, June 2011

Capt. Nol Haegeman

LOAD OUT TRAINING - DAY 3:

OFFSHORE MARITIME RISK ANALYSIS
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LOAD OUT MOVES TO LOCATION

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Mooring/Move procedures

Consideration of the planning mooring

operations
Short move from docking to heavy weight or
towed move to location
Transported & moored on heavy weight
ships or under tow by tugs & AHTs
Interfield move
Coastal interfield move
Oceanic move
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Basic steps

Local law application as on Unclos EEZ considerations

Preparing of checklists based from barge to all assisting
equipment units
Capability of barge / offshore unit for mooring in
designated location
Are AHTs & mooring anchor equipment available & in
good condition
Use of competent, experienced and certified labour
Time schedule planning based on meteological &
geographical limiations
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Cont. Basic steps

With drawings provided proposed mooring-anchor pattern

described & approved by authorities & experts
Anchor-mooring procedures & sequence as location approaches
described &planified based on drawings
Positioning by tugs & AHTs based on DP & transponder
observations
Sufficient tugs available as required bollard power based on
Deadweight & prevailing weather conditions
Good communication required between all individual & combined
offshore units
Approvals & permissions by oil/mineral industry departments and
marine underwriters by warranty surveyors-certifications
Certificate of Approval

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Approval Certificate

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Operations planning check list

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Positioning procedure

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NOBLE DENTON

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Tow - Mooring gear

Considerations of strenght
Arrangements for each different unit
Towing bridles
Tow mooring planifications
Use of mooring-tow lines

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TOWING ARRANGEMENTS

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STRENGHT TOWING GEAR

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TYPICAL TOWING GEAR

REQUIREMENTS

Equipment
Minimum Breakings Strength (ST)1.3 in.
Pendant Wire 6 x 37 Galv. IWRC3602.2 in.
Pendant Wire 6 x 37 Galv. IWRC2723.2 in.
Pendant Wire 6 x 37 Galv. IWRC(Weak Link)1802604.3 in. 85 ton G-2130 Safety Anchor
Shackle4255.2 in. 55 ton G-2130 Safety
Anchor Shackle3306.3 in. G RIII Stud Link
Chain552.57.Triangular Flounder or Fish
Plate290
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STANDARD MAIN BRIDLE

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Towing Bridle

Fishplate
Hawser
Tugger line

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FISHPLATE

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TOWING RINGS & HARP SHACKLE

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Connection Details

STUD LINCK &PINS

Dont use Panama

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Deep draft towing gear

3/ 85 ton shackles

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2 Tugs towing

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Towing using anchor/chain

Chain out minimum 150 ft

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Narrow Water Towing

Short tow line

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LONG DISTANCE OCEAN TOW

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TOW GEAR INSPECTION

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STRENGHT OF TOWING GEAR

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Basic Tow Line Configuration

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Towing arrangements for heavy duty semisubmersible

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Heavy duty strenght towing gear

components

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Stowage of Towing gear

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Bridle Stowage

Maintenance bridle & padlocks

Emergency bridles

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HIGHLINE TOWING BRIDLE

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MINIMUM B.L & STRAND ROPE

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SHACKLES STRENGHT

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Strenght Requirements Towing Gear

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TOWING LINE / PENDANT

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MULTIPLE STRAND WIRE ROPE

S- lay strand composition

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Strenght composition for mooring lines

( wire synthetic)
1 ) Parallel yarn :
- Highest strenght conversion
- High modulus

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Wire/Rope strenght configuration

2) Parallel strand

3) Limited parallel strands

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Mooring materials

Strength:Construction:Fibre:(KN)
Wire Rope
Aramid HM strong synthetic fibre
HMPE(high modulus polyethylene)= spectra or
dyneema
LCAP(liquid crystal aromatic polyester) =vectran
Nylon( strong dry / 20% less wet)
Polyester( strength dry = wet)
Polypropylene ( floating)
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Minimum Break Load for 8 strand

synthetics

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Wire mooring lines

Hexagon wire ( same diam)

Warrington ( diff diam)

Warrington Seal comp.

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Tension on wire lines only

2,2 GN ( giga newton) = 10 kip

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Only H.M mooring lines

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Wire lines & Auxilary synthetics

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Wire + Synthetic Fibre mixed Lines

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Use of lines by deadweight

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TUG HORSE POWER BHP

Field Moves

Ocean Tows

Small semi-submersible
8-10,000
15 16,000
Large semi-submersible with propulsion
8 10.000
10 18,000
Large semi-submersible without propulsion
11 13,000
20 22,000
Small jack-up (100-150 ft. waterdepth)
6 8,000
8 9,000
Medium jack-up (150 250 ft. waterdepth)
8 10,000
12 16,000
Large jack-up (300+ ft. waterdepth)
10 16,000
15 18,000
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STILL WATER RESISTANCE vs SPEED

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AHTs Supplys Tugs

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BOLLARD POWER AHT

BP is tractive force in tonnes or Kn
Depends on propeller type/ available
nozzlesshape of hull draught & trim
Rules of thumb conversion BHP to B.P
- 0,9 x BHP x 1,1/100 (fix pitch - rudder)
- 0,9 x BHP x 1,2/100 (fix pitch - nozzle)
- 0,9 x BHP x 1,25/100 (contr.pitch - rudder)
- 0,9 x BHP x 1,4/100 (contr.pitch - nozzle)

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Bollard Power Test

Static bollard power

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Cont. BP test

Dynamic bollard power

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REQUIRED BOLLARD POWER

Required B.P=
(Displacement (t) x 60) : 100.000 + 40
In still water to move up to 3 4 knts

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Warranty B.P for ZERO Knts

-To remain in position meteo elements in opposite
direction of heading
- Wind 44 knts
- Current 3 knts
- Wave height 25 ft

Beaufort Force 9
Strong gale
Wind speed (knots): 41 - 47
Wave height (feet): 23 - 32
Sea state: High waves; sea begins to roll; dense
streaks of foam; spray may reduce
visibility
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B.P (resistance factors)

Wind Resistance (Rw) ( area- wind velocity-still water tow speed)

Wave forming Resistance ( Rwf) ( hull shape- under water area)

Current Effect (Rc) ( wetted underwater area)

Hawser Resistance (Rh)

Wave height Effects (Rwh)

Shape Coefficient (Bc)

Height Coefficient ( Freeboard)

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Meteological aspects wind current

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Forecasting & prevailing synopsis

Petterssen, 1958

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Global Meteo Services

For accurate meteo planning acc. Wind,

swell, current
Wefax by NOAA(Nat.Oceon.Atm.Ass)USA
AWT ( applied weather techno.)
BVS ( Bon Voyage System)

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WIND VERSUS DRAFT

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CANDRIL WAVE/CURRENT

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Example AHT

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EXAMPLE OCEAN AHT

16.500BHP emergency towing vessel

180 tons bollard pullfull

Built 2002 chinaclassed lloyds +100a1 +lmc, ums2,258 grt / 677 nrt
1,800 dwt
67.40m loa x 15.50m beam x 7.50m x depth x 6.20m draft
2 x wartsila 16v 32lnd main engines 2 x cp propellers in nozzles2 x 9t
bow thrusters1 x 8t stern thrustermax speed 17 knots1 x
triple drum ah/towing winch, 450t brake2 x 10t tugger winches 2 x 10t
capstans 180 cbm
chain locker1 x j-hook344 m2 clear deck area - 12.6m x 27.3m10.0
t/m2
deck strength700 tons deck cargo1 x deck crane (3t @ 15m
420 cbm fresh water 1,200 cbm fuel oilfifi 1: 2 x 1200 cbm/hr
fifi pumps accommodation for 20 persons in 17 cabins

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OFFSHORE POSITIONING

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ANCHOR PATTERNS

45 symmetric 8 line pattern

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10 line spread pattern

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12 line spread pattern (e.g FPSO)

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Pulling Barge spread

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Drilling Tender Spread Combination to

other units

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Support Vessel Mooring Spread

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Mooring Catery Curves

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POSITION CALCULATING

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Move to position

2 AHT

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3 AHTs

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To location

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Alongside platform

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Dropping anchors

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Running Anchors

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Move of anchor

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PRELAID MOORINGS

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AHT Pull Leads

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D.O.P use of 2 AHT

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MOORING CHAIN EQUIPMENT

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D.O.P in Confined Area

Use of 3 AHT

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USE OFYOKOHAMA SUPPORT &

SUPPORT BOUY BLOCK

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Deploy yokohama support

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Yokohama Support Block

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Deploy midline support block

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Cont. M.S.L

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Cont M.S.L

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Midline support bouy blocks

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MULTIPLE POINT MOORING

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MULTIPLE SUPPORT POINT MOORING

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SURFACE

BLOCK

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SINGLE POINT MOORING

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TAKE OFF ANCHOR POSITION

Chase of anchors

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TAKE off BUOY / ANCHOR

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LIFTING CHAIN

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Departure Sequence

Open water 2 AHT

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Departure confined space

3 AHT

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INSTALLATION OF CALM BUOY

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Calm buoy

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Positioning Jack up barge

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Jack up leg penetration

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Thank you & enjoy the offshore

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