Scribd
Upload
84 views

On Tensor Product of R-Algebra and R-Homomorphism With Projectivity

1. The document discusses properties of the natural homomorphism fM between the tensor product of an R-algebra U and homomorphism module HomR(M,N) and the homomorphism module HomU(U⊗MR, U⊗RN). 2. It is shown that fP is a monomorphism if P is projective, fG(n) is an epimorphism if G is a generator, and fTrN(M) is a monomorphism if M is a generator and N is free. Additionally, fTrN(M) is an isomorphism if M is a generator, N is finitely generated free, and U is finitely presented. 3. It

Uploaded by

IOSRjournal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
84 views

On Tensor Product of R-Algebra and R-Homomorphism With Projectivity

1. The document discusses properties of the natural homomorphism fM between the tensor product of an R-algebra U and homomorphism module HomR(M,N) and the homomorphism module HomU(U⊗MR, U⊗RN). 2. It is shown that fP is a monomorphism if P is projective, fG(n) is an epimorphism if G is a generator, and fTrN(M) is a monomorphism if M is a generator and N is free. Additionally, fTrN(M) is an isomorphism if M is a generator, N is finitely generated free, and U is finitely presented. 3. It

Uploaded by

IOSRjournal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

IOSR Journal of Mathematics (IOSR-JM)

e-ISSN: 2278-5728, p-ISSN: 2319-765X. Volume 11, Issue 2 Ver. VI (Mar - Apr. 2015), PP 39-42
www.iosrjournals.org

On Tensor product of R-Algebra and R-Homomorphism with


Projectivity
Dr. Sumit Kumar Dekate
Associate Professor Sagar Institute of Science and Technology (SISTec ) Bhopal M.P. India

Abstract: In this paper we take a natural homomorphism


f M : U Hom R ( M , N ) Hom U ( U M , U N )
where U is an R-Algebra , R=CenU and M , N are any two R-modules.Here we have shown that
1. If P is any projective module then f P is a monomorphism.
2.

If G be any generator then f G ( n ) is an epimorphism.

3.

If M be a generator and N is any free module then f TrN (M ) is always a monomorphism.

4.

If M is a generator and N is any finitely generated free R-module then f TrN (M ) is an isomorphism.

5.

If M be any artinian module such that it is subdirect product of simple module then f M is monomorphism
iff for each submodule K , f K is monomorphism.

6.

Let M be a generator and N is any free module if U is finitely presented then f TrN (M ) is an isomorphism.

7.

Let M be any left R-module such that f M / Re jM ( N ) is an isomorphism then f M is an isomorphism.

Keywords: Projective module, Generator, Finitely Presented Module, Monomorphism, Epimorphism,


Isomorphism.

I.

Introduction

Our purpose to study the relation between the groups


U Hom R (M , N) and Hom U (U M , U N) via the natural homomorphism
R

f M : U Hom R (M , N) Hom U (U M , U N)
R

defined by
f M :(a f)

(b x) = ab f(x)

, a,b U , x M

f Hom R (M , N) where R is any commutative ring with identity and U is an R- algebra . For our said purpose
we will find the condition under which f M is isomorphism, epimorphism or monomorphism.
Throughout this paper we will assume all rings have unity and all modules are unitary.
Theorem1.1: If P is any projective module then f P is a monomorphism.
Proof: Given that P be any projective modules then

( A)

= P P1

for any A

then
DOI: 10.9790/5728-11263942

www.iosrjournals.org

39 | Page

On Tensor product of R-Algebra and R-Homomorphism with Projectivity


f 1 :U Hom R (R

( A)

, N) U

Hom R (P P 1 , N)

f R( A)
f 2 :Hom U (U R

( A)

P P1

, U N) Hom U (U (P P 1 ) , N)

here f 1 and f 2 are obvious isomorphism and via commutative diagram


g:U Hom R (R

( A)

, N) Hom U (U R

h1
g1 : U

( A)

, U N)

h 2

U N

f R ( A ) is monomorphism and h 1 ,h 2 are isomorphism then f

P P1

is monomorphism

and as a result f P is a monomorphism.

Corollary1.2: If
Proof: Let

G be any generator then f G ( n ) is an epimorphism.

G be the generator then there is a split epimorphism


G

(n )

R0

then from Proposition 17.6[1] P 195


Hom(G

(n )

, N) Hom(R , N) 0 is also be split epimorphism.

Now from Proposition 19.13 [1] P 226 we have


U Hom(G

(n )

, N) U Hom(R , N) 0

and
U G

(n )

U R 0.

Finally we can construct a commutative diagram


1 : U Hom R (G

(n )

, N) U Hom R (R , N) 0

f G(n)
2 : Hom

(U

G (n ) , U N) Hom U (U R , U N) 0

here in above diagram f

is an isomorphism and from the commutativity of diagram we have


2 o f G(n) = f

o 1

since here f R is an isomorphism then it is an epimorphism and 1 is an


DOI: 10.9790/5728-11263942

www.iosrjournals.org

40 | Page

On Tensor product of R-Algebra and R-Homomorphism with Projectivity


epimorphism then composition f R o 1 is an epimorphism and from above
equation 2 o f G ( n ) is also be an epimorphism and 2 is given an epimorphism
therefore f G ( n ) is an epimorphism and consequently from the diagram

Hom R ( G (n ) , N) Hom U (U G (n ) , U N)

f G(n) : U

f G : U Hom R (G , N) Hom U (U G , U N)
n

both 1 and 2 are isomorphism then f G ( n ) is an isomorphism.


Corollary1.3: Let M be a generator and N is any free module then f TrN (M ) is
always a monomorphism.
Proof : Given that M be any generator and N is any free module then
N R

( A)

for any A

now
Tr N (M) Tr R ( A ) (M)
= Tr R (M)
=R

( A)

( A)

Then from Corollary 1.3 [5], f TrN (M ) is a monomorphism.


Corollary1.4: If M is a generator and N is any finitely generated free R-module
then f TrN (M ) is an isomorphism.
Proof: It is an easy consequence of above corollary and Lemma1.1 [5].
Corollary1.5: If

M be any artinian module such that it is subdirect product of

simple module then f M is monomorphism iff for each submodule KM, f K is a


monomorphism.
Proof: Let

M be any artinian module such that

M is subdirect product of

simples then from Exercise 9.11[1],


RadM=0
DOI: 10.9790/5728-11263942

www.iosrjournals.org

41 | Page

On Tensor product of R-Algebra and R-Homomorphism with Projectivity


and from Proposition10.15[1] P 129,

M is semisimple so from Proposition1.2[5]

P 67, f M is monomorphism iff for each submodule K M , f K is monomorphism.

Corollary1.6: Let M be a generator and N is any free module if U is finitely


presented then f TrN (M ) is an isomorphism.
Proof: It is an easy consequence of Corollary1.3 and Corollary to Proposition2 [4]
P 161.
Example1.7: Let M be any left R-module such that f M / Re jM ( N ) is an isomorphism
then f M is an isomorphism.
Proof: If M is any left R-module and we are given that
f M : U Hom R (M , N) Hom U (U M , U N)
then
f M / Re jM ( N ) :U

Hom R (M/Rej M (N ) , N) Hom U (U M/Rej M (N ) , U N).

Now we consider a commutative diagram


h :U Hom R (M/Rej M (N) , N) U Hom R (M , N)
f M / Re jM ( N )

f M

h 1 : Hom U (U M/Rej M (N) , U N) Hom U (U M , U N).


Now from Exercise 8.7[1] P 112 and from definition of Tensor product of homomorphism h and h 1 are
isomorphism since f M / Re jM ( N ) is isomorphism by assumption then by commutativity of diagram f M is
isomorphism.

References:
Books:
[1].
[2].
[3].

F. W. ANDERSON AND K. R. FULLER, Rings and Catagories of modules, New York Springer Verlag Inc. 1973.
LOUIS HALLE ROWEN, Ring Theory.
T. Y. LAM, A first course in non commutative rings Springer Verlag.

Proceedings Papers:
[4].
[5].

R. S. SINGH, Finitely presented modules, Proc. Math. Soc. , B. H. U. Vol 3 (1987)


R. S. SINGH AND BHUPENDRA, Tensor product of R-algebra and R- homomorphisms, Prog. of Math. Vol 37(nos 1 and 2) 2003.

DOI: 10.9790/5728-11263942

www.iosrjournals.org

42 | Page

You might also like