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CSE6242 3 VisFixProject

This document appears to be slides from a lecture or class on data visualization. It covers many topics related to data visualization including different chart types (bar charts, line charts, pie charts), design principles, visualization tools, common pitfalls to avoid, and improving visualizations. It also discusses class projects, evaluation criteria, and includes several examples of visualizations.

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Richard Ding
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
204 views

CSE6242 3 VisFixProject

This document appears to be slides from a lecture or class on data visualization. It covers many topics related to data visualization including different chart types (bar charts, line charts, pie charts), design principles, visualization tools, common pitfalls to avoid, and improving visualizations. It also discusses class projects, evaluation criteria, and includes several examples of visualizations.

Uploaded by

Richard Ding
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 62

Where Are We? Feedback So far?

Collection
Cleaning

RottenTomatoes API, SQL refresher


OpenRefine

Integration
Analysis
Visualization

Dimensionality reduction:
PCA, MDS, LDA, Isomap, t-SNE
Vis 101, D3, Tableau [HW2]

Presentation
Dissemination

HW2 will add Expected Time to Spend

CSE 6242 / CX 4242

1. How to Fix Vis Issues?


2. Class Project
Duen Horng (Polo) Chau
Georgia Tech

Partly based on materials by


Professors Guy Lebanon, Jeffrey Heer, John Stasko, Christos Faloutsos

Student of
Edward Tufte
3

Edward Tufte
An American statistician
and professor emeritus of
political science, statistics,
and computer science at
Yale University.
He is noted for his writings
on information design and
as a pioneer in the field of
data visualization.
-Wikipedia

Also Highly Recommended:

Good charts? How would you improve them?

How about this one?

Which is better?

Tables
What are they good for?

Can you improve this tables design?


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When everyone is special, no one is special


http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A8I9pYCl9AQ

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A lot of chart junk.


Low data to ink ratio (Edward Tufte)
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Better? High data to ink ratio

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Aligning Numbers

Look good?
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Bar Charts

This reminds you of what?


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Better than Christmas.


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Showing profits in red!!


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Line Charts

Does this look alright to you?

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Use ticks at regular intervals (e.g., 2, 5, 10, etc.)


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Fever Line

Note y-axis doesnt start at 0.


Why not as bad as in the case of bar chart?

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Fever Line

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Multiple Lines in one chart

We see this often in academic papers. Better ways?


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Which one is more effective? Why?


What if you have many lines you want to show?
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Small Multiple - Edward Tufte


Better than overlapping (sometimes)
a series or grid of small similar graphics or charts, allowing them to be easily compared
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Misleading Bar Charts

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Vertical axis of bar charts start at 0 if possible


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Disorienting color bars

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Better?

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Exercise For Your Necks

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Bars Can be Horizontal

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The Dreaded Pie Charts

Why people like to use pie charts?


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http://www.guardian.co.uk/technology/blog/2008/jan/21/liesdamnliesandstevejobs

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Log scale instead of linear scale


Include numbers from different orders of magnitude

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Example

log-log

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log also works well for time

Example

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OK for outliers that are *really* different

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Destroying your great results


with poor powerpoint
Bad color schemes

can you read this?

Bad fonts
Too much animation

100 times faster!

Too much data

Don McMillan: Life After Death by PowerPoint


http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lpvgfmEU2Ck&feature=player_embedded

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Destroying your great results


with poor powerpoint
How to fix?
Color schemes: start with black & white, add colors if needed
Fonts: sans-serif font looks nicer
On Mac: Helvetica is always good
On Windows: Arial?
Too much animation: start with no animation, then add if
appropriate
Too much data: dont just copy figures from paper and past
them on the slides!
Don McMillan: Life After Death by PowerPoint
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lpvgfmEU2Ck&feature=player_embedded

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Suggestions: use pictures whenever


appropriate
Pictures include most non-text elements:
tables, diagrams, charts, etc.
Why?
A picture is worth a thousand words
People like pictures and love movies.
Picture is often more succinct, memorable

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Figures should be self-contained


Why?
Dont make people go back and forth between text and
figure
People skim; look at interesting things first
Especially academia, many busy reviewers look at figures
first
Bad figures -> bad first impression
(lower chance of paper acceptance)
How to fix?
Succinctly describe your main messages
(what you want the readers to learn)
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Example

http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~dchau/polonium_sdm2011.pdf

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Example

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Crown-jewel figure on first page


(nice to have)

Why?
Give an overview of what readers is going to
get -- cut to the chase
Again, people like to see interesting things
How to do it?
Use your most impressive figure
Can be similar to another shown later
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Example

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Suggestion: Design in grayscale first


Then add color
If it doesnt look good in black and white, its not
gonna look good with color
(Why iPhone comes in black or white first?)

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Suggestion: Use legible fonts

If people cant see it,


they wont appreciate it
For printed materials, print them out and check!
For slides, rule of thumb is about 7 lines of text
per slide.

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Suggestion: you probably need to redo


your figure for slides
Designing for print is different from designing for
the screen
Resolution (which is higher?)
Levels of details (people mostly want a few
take-away messages from your talk)

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Example

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Example

Judges Scores
Apolo

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Score

Scholar

Higher is better.
Apolo wins.

Modelbased

*Prototyping *Average

* Statistically significant, by two-tailed t test, p <0.05

Good tools for creating


data visualization
(beyond Excel)

R
http://www.r-project.org

http://www.cc.gatech.edu/~lebanon/notes/quickIntroToR.pdf

Free!
Powerful. Can create any kinds of visualization available.
But results may not be pretty (need editing). Need to program.

53

D3

http://d3js.org
Also free!
Create web-based visualization. Robust. Can
create many kinds of visualization.
Need to learn javascript, CSS (+SVG)
Future-proof (likely to stay for many years)
Great interactive tutorial
http://vogievetsky.github.com/IntroD3/#1
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Processing

http://processing.org
Java for designers. Simplified Java.
Can create interactive visualization, images, and
more.
Can be used as a library in normal Java app.
Many tutorials, examples.

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Illustrator / Inkscape / Xara


http://inkscape.org

The ultimate way to create visualization.


Or to edit / perfect visualization.
Inkscape is free!
Illustrator is powerful but expensive
Xara is the best alternative for Illustrator, on
windows (less expensive, faster, easy to use)

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Design Principles
Bar charts vertical axis should start at 0! (Dont lie)
Follow conventions (e.g., red for negative values)
Data is the king
minimize distraction (bold appropriately)
Visual encodings should be meaningful
Design for legibility
font choices, dont rotate vertical axis label
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Design Principles
Design for ease of comparison
Use small multiple / panel chart
E.g., use line thickness instead of patterns
(dot, dash, etc.)
E.g., align numbers by decimal points
Maximize data-ink ratio

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Design Principles
(what not to do)
3D pie chart (or 3D anything)
Bar chart not starting at 0
Why not OK?
People compare using bars heights
Wrong aspect ratio
Flatten or steepen trends

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Project
Description is out
High-level schedule
Proposal (writeup + short presentation)
Progress report
Final report (writeup + poster presentation)

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George Heilmeier
Former Director of DARPA

Heilmeier Questions
Preflight checklist for successful projects

1.What are you trying to do?


Articulate your objectives using absolutely no jargon.

2.How is it done today, and what are the limits of current practice?
3.What's new in your approach and why do you think it will be successful?
4.Who cares?
5.If you're successful, what difference will it make?
6.What are the risks and payoffs?
7.How much will it cost?
8.How long will it take?
9.What are the midterm and final "exams" to check for success?
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_H._Heilmeier
http://smlv.cc.gatech.edu/2010/10/17/heilmeiers-questions/

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