Search Engine Optimization
Search Engine Optimization
Search Engine Optimization: Introduction
SEO is a process of increasing the traffic to a website from search results.
Whenever a keyword is searched in a search engine, usually the sites listed
in the top results would be accessed by the internet user. SEO targets to
place a particular website in the higher rank for the key words searched for.
It plays a highly important role in the world web, online, or e‐Marketing or
in general Internet Marketing. This paper will discuss in detail SEO and its
importance, Internet Marketing and future prospects.
Search Engine Optimization
With the growth of Internet in 1990s the webmasters started getting their
websites registered with the search engines which kept a copy of the sites’
content and searched it on various parameters including keywords and other
links associated with it. The search results were indexed and displayed on the
results page. This was probably the first time when getting a site rank high
was realized as important to the business of the company. With increasing
importance of SEO, two methods evolved, White Hat and Black Hat which will
be discussed subsequently.
Page Rank: PageRank is a link analysis algorithm used by the Google that
assigns a rank to each element of a hyperlinked set of documents, and
measures its relative importance within the set. The name "PageRank" is a
trademark of Google, and the PageRank process has been patented to
Stanford University and Google has its exclusive license rights 1 .
With Google and Yahoo becoming search engine majors in late 1990s the
webmasters started making efforts to develop web pages that rank higher
1
http://www.pat2pdf.org/pat2pdf/foo.pl?number=6285999, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Page_rank
the results. The attempts were made to stuff keywords into the web‐pages and
excessive interlinking of the web pages. Some SEO companies used aggressive
content modification to get listed in higher ranked results. Google banned
Traffic Power and some of its clients from the results for the same reason.
Nonetheless, site content remains an important method of optimization of the
search results, and it is unarguably accepted that the search rankings are
proportionate to the probability of the site being visited by the Internet user.
SEO Techniques: White Hat, Black Hat
There are content optimization techniques which are approved by the search
engines as good design and some are not. The Search Engine Optimization
techniques can be broadly classified as:
• Black Hat
• White Hat
White Hat: The optimization carried out following the guidelines of the search
engines come under the category of White Hat and are considered ethical
practices. The term gets its name from White Hat hacking. Google for instance
has its own recommendations, Google Guidelines2 for the webmasters
similarly Yahoo also had Yahoo Site Explorer. 3
Black Hat: The optimization techniques which try to improve the rank of the
website by cracking the search algorithm and try to rank the website higher
than the content deserves. This is regarded as unethical manner. In general the
techniques used violate the Search engine guidelines. It is also called
spamdexing. 4
2
http://www.google.com/support/webmasters/bin/answer.py?answer=35769
1
3
https://siteexplorer.search.yahoo.com/
4
www.cobaltquarter.co.uk/about_cobaltquarter_marketing/glossary.html
Search Engine Optimization Methodology
A general framework of the Search Engine optimization process is discussed
here. It basically consists of five steps:
Evaluation
In this the current situation is considered. A detailed site analysis is done to
ascertain the reason for low hits. The compatibility with various search engine
algorithms is also carried out.
Solution Design
After evaluation, steps are taken to provide a solution by incorporating
requisite changes. The changes include Template modification, keyword
integration, and overall changes across all the web pages of the site.
Stakeholder Management
This phase includes change drivers like the webmasters, business owners, and
content writers. Guidelines are passed on to these stakeholders and
responsibilities assigned.
Implementation Maintenance and measurement
The required changes are incorporated in the website.
The performance increase of the particular site is monitored and further
improvements are carried out.
Search Engine Optimization and Marketing
Internet users look for relevant results on the results page of the search engine
from top to down or left to right. Therefore it is highly important that a result
appears higher in the results page for successful redirection. Although better
ranking in search engine results does not ensure that the users ends up using
the service provided by the company, or the higher rank in search results
doesn’t necessarily means higher sales.
An optimised website which directly shows up higher in the results can be more
cost effective than conventional advertising. 80‐90 percent 5 of the internet
traffic is generated from search engines, Google, Yahoo and MSN, also the
number of hits on organic search results are significantly higher than sponsored
results, and it becomes very important that the result appears higher in the
rank.
Search engine marketing in general can generate sales. It also enables search
engine users to download stuff, signup for various services etc. and look out for
services offered. Higher ranking in search results leads to better recognition of
the brand therefore creating awareness and recall.
Many customers don’t like advertisements flooded in the websites. But still
these are open to the search results placed higher in search engines. Thus a
properly handled SEO can derive the same benefit for the company for which it
would have otherwise incurred advertising costs.
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5
http://www.connecturf.com/knowledgeturf/newsletters/16/MTC_16.htm
But an un‐optimized site would not have the relevant keywords to figure out in the
search results. Therefore it is imperative to get the website optimized for the benefit
of the organisation.
Search engine marketing, or SEM, is a form of Internet marketing that seeks to
promote websites by increasing their visibility in search engine result pages. 6 Other
than SEO, SEM methods include pay per click, paid placement, context advertising and
paid inclusion. Many companies are providing SEO consultancy In order to increase the
visibility of the client’s website on the Internet and thus draw potential customers.
Many freelance content writers are providing website content which is more effective
for internet search.
SEO Services in India
Many companies in India are providing SEO consultancy and services. A few SEO
companies in India and their operations have been below:
Pinstorm: 7
It is one of the leaders in digital advertising in India. It works like any marketing or
advertising firm and based on its analysis of the searches in different geographies, it
customizes the websites of the clients. For instance the websites are improvised and
positioned differently for different regions say China and Australia. The internal
processes followed at Pinstorm are very streamlined for delivering maximum benefit
to the client. A brand manager and a team is assigned to each brand (client) who work
towards the internet marketing campaign. It has a very high reputation in digital
advertising and Search Engine Marketing domain with a wide clientbase including
majors like HSBC, DBS, HDFC Bank, IDBI Bank, ShareKhan, National University of
Singapore to name a few. Incidentally Pinstorm also provided Xaviers Institute of
Management, Bhubaneshwar with leads of interested candidates.
For Hewlett Packard Pinstorm worked with a partner to execute search campaigns
across Asia on this global giant.
6
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Search_engine_marketing
7 5
http://pinstorm.com/
Interactive Avenues (http://www.interactiveavenues.com/) 8
It is a leading Indian company offereing services in Digital Marketing Solutions. It offers
services in Web designing and creative, SEO and SEM, Media and campaign
management. It also works in development, deployment and management of the
organic search engine optimization and paid search marketing. It is also certified
Google AdWords Qualified Company. The clients the company has served include
ExploreKaro.com (Microsite launched by Travelocity.co.in), Godrej, Cadbury’s Five Star,
Sri Lankan Airlines and many more.
India Book (IndiaBook.com) 9
The company provides SEO services through legal and acceptable standards of
optimization. The services offered by the company include web site promotion, web
directory submission, search engine submission and link popularity building services.
Trafficwala (www.trafficwala.com) 10
The company offers different packages catering to requirements of the organisations.
The packages vary in budget and the kind of analysis put in. Also, the packages are
differentialted as a longer term offering in which the company also offers to manage
and monitor the system for a minimum of 6 months and required changes are
incorporated in the meantime. Trafficwala also provide pay‐per‐click management
serviees through which it offers Adwords, Text‐Ads and Banner Advertising
campaigns on Google and Yahoo.
ProfitBySearch (profitbysearch.com) 11
It provides pay per click, pay per lead, search engine optimization and link building
services. It has a few Indian clients like TravelMasti.com, Travermartindia.com etc. The
company also reasons out for the optimization of dynamic websites (WebPages). It
offers services to increase the visibility of the database dependent websites also.
8
http://www.interactiveavenues.com/
9
http://india‐seo.indiabook.com/
10
http://www.trafficwala.com/
11
http://www.profitbysearch.com
SEO: Future Prospects
Promotion of a website is an important factor in the business it derives for the
company by attracting suitable internet users. Search engine marketing (SEM) and
search engine optimisation (SEO) have been found useful in attracting visitors to the
website by searching for relevant words and phrases. 12 For the companies providing
SEO services, the avenues seem to be bright as there is a growing realization about the
importance of Internet marketing.
A company can use a combination of organic search engine optimisation and pay‐per‐
click advertising to get higher rank and more exposure.
Website promotion is a method of maximizing the visibility on the web for the
organisation and using it to market their products and services. SEO is highly useful to
the clients and is generally cost effective as compared to traditional advertising. The
results may not be highly quantifiable, but using proper analytics on the website traffic
can provide information to the efficacy of the SEO implementation.
At present there are many firms trying to offer SEO services. It will lead to a cut throat
competition among them and also when the competitors start becoming optimised
then there may not be a significant difference in the ranking of the results. At the same
time, with development, a check needs to be in place for unethical manners of
optimization.
12
http://www.folkd.com
References
[1] http://www.pat2pdf.org/pat2pdf/foo.pl?number=6285999
[2] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Page_rank
[3] http://www.google.com/support/webmasters/bin/answer.py?answer=35769
[4] https://siteexplorer.search.yahoo.com/
[5] www.cobaltquarter.co.uk/about_cobaltquarter_marketing/glossary.html
[6] http://www.connecturf.com/knowledgeturf/newsletters/16/MTC_16.htm
[7] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Search_engine_marketing
[8] http://pinstorm.com/
[9] 1 http://www.folkd.com
[10]http://www.interactiveavenues.com/)
[11]http://india‐seo.indiabook.com/
[12]http://www.trafficwala.com/
[13]http://www.profitbysearch.com
[14]http://www.searchengineoptimising.com/website‐promotion