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Examples of Precision Machine Design

This document provides examples of precision machine designs, including traditional machine tools like milling machines, lathes, grinders, and new machines like diamond turning machines, waterjets, wire EDM, sinker EDM, and ECM. It discusses the typical configurations and performance criteria of these machines, noting that precision devices are rated based on their manufacturing capability, ability to provide motion, and ability to provide necessary energy for manufacturing processes. The document also explains that the achievable precision of a machine is limited by how controllably it can transmit energy from the tool to the workpiece.

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fathinain
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
132 views

Examples of Precision Machine Design

This document provides examples of precision machine designs, including traditional machine tools like milling machines, lathes, grinders, and new machines like diamond turning machines, waterjets, wire EDM, sinker EDM, and ECM. It discusses the typical configurations and performance criteria of these machines, noting that precision devices are rated based on their manufacturing capability, ability to provide motion, and ability to provide necessary energy for manufacturing processes. The document also explains that the achievable precision of a machine is limited by how controllably it can transmit energy from the tool to the workpiece.

Uploaded by

fathinain
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Examples of Precision Machine Design

ME EN 7960 Precision Machine Design


Topic 1

ME EN 7960 Precision Machine Design - Examples of Precision Machine Designs

1-1

Definition
A precision machine device is defined as a piece of equipment with
one or more moving parts whose accuracy determines the quality of
the device
Examples of precision machine devices include:
Machine Tools

Milling Machines
Lathes
Grinders
Laser Cutter
WaterJets
Non-traditional machines (EDM, ECM, )

Coordinate Measuring Machines


Production Equipment
Presses

Mechanical watches
Etc

ME EN 7960 Precision Machine Design - Examples of Precision Machine Designs

1-2

Traditional Machine Tools Vertical Machining


Center

Source: Mazak

3 linear axes (typical)


1-5 rotary axes (optional)
1-30 kW spindle power (typical)
0-10,000 rpm spindle speed
(typical)
> $50,000

Source: Precision Design Lab

3D parts (non-symmetrical)

ME EN 7960 Precision Machine Design - Examples of Precision Machine Designs

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Traditional Machine Tools - Lathe


3D parts
(rotationally
symmetric)

Source: Hardinge

2 linear axes + 1 rotary axis (typical)


1-2 rotary axes (optional)
1-15 kW spindle power (typical)
0-6,000 rpm spindle speed (typical)
> $25,000

3D parts
(rotationally
symmetric) with
off-axis features
(requires 2nd
spindle)

ME EN 7960 Precision Machine Design - Examples of Precision Machine Designs

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Traditional Machine Tools Surface Grinder

Source: THK

Source: Jung GmbH

2D parts (flat or profiled)

3 linear axes + 1 rotary axis (typical)


1- 2 rotary axes (optional)
5-15 kW spindle power (typical)
800-4,000 rpm spindle speed (typical)
> $20,000
ME EN 7960 Precision Machine Design - Examples of Precision Machine Designs

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Traditional Machine Tools Circular Grinder

Source: Studer GmbH

Source: Crowder Supply

3D parts (rotationally symmetric)

2 linear axes + 2 rotary axes (typical)


5-10 kW spindle power (typical)
800-4,000 rpm spindle speed (typical)
> $25,000
ME EN 7960 Precision Machine Design - Examples of Precision Machine Designs

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New Machine Tools Diamond Turning

3D parts
(rotationally
symmetric)

Source: Precitech

2 linear axes (typical)


1-15 kW spindle power (typical)
0-7,500 rpm spindle speed
(typical)
> $150,000

Source: Savimex

3D parts (asymmetric) with


fast tool servo (optional)
Source: Precitech

ME EN 7960 Precision Machine Design - Examples of Precision Machine Designs

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New Machine Tools - WaterJet

Source: OMAX

2 linear axes (typical)


Pump power (15-40 kW)
> $20,000
2D parts (from flat stock material)
ME EN 7960 Precision Machine Design - Examples of Precision Machine Designs

1-8

New Machine Tools Wire Electro Discharge


Machine
Wire supply spool

2D parts from flat stock


Z-axis (150 mm travel)

Wire puller (0 - 250 mm/s)

Wire brake (0.1 180 N)

Yax
is

Tank (30 l = 8 gal)


(3
00

m
m

tra
ve
l)

Dielectric fluid supply


Right wire guide (adjustable 0 250 mm)

Source: Precision Design Lab


Left wire guide (fixed)

Workpiece

Machine base (granite)

Source: Precision Design Lab


2 linear axes (typical)
4 linear + rotary axes (optional)
1-10 kW power supply (typical)
> $100,000

ME EN 7960 Precision Machine Design - Examples of Precision Machine Designs

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New Machine Tools Sinker Electro-Discharge


Machine

Source: Charmilles

2D or 3D parts (from flat stock


material)
3 linear axes (typical)
0-5 kW power supply
> $80,000

Source: Optimation

ME EN 7960 Precision Machine Design - Examples of Precision Machine Designs

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New Machine Tools Electro Chemical Machining

3D parts

Source: Ultra Systems Ltd.

1 linear axes (typical)


3 linear + rotary axes (optional)
1-10 kW power supply (typical)
> $100,000

2D parts

ME EN 7960 Precision Machine Design - Examples of Precision Machine Designs

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Coordinate Measuring Systems

Source: Mitutoyo

ME EN 7960 Precision Machine Design - Examples of Precision Machine Designs

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Performance Criteria
Precision Devices are rated according to:
Manufacturing Capability
Accuracy
Resolution
Repeatability

Ability to provide motion


Number of axes (complexity of machined geometry)
Speed (determines the manufacturing time)
Travel (determines the part size)

Ability to provide energy required for manufacturing processes

Spindle power (machining centers, lathe, grinder, etc.)


Laser power (laser cutters)
Pump pressure (WaterJet)
Voltage, Current, Frequency (EDM, ECM)

ME EN 7960 Precision Machine Design - Examples of Precision Machine Designs

1-13

Performance Limiting Criteria


Most machines create geometry by selectively removing
material.
The amount and location of the material removed is a
function of the amount and location of the energy
transmitted from the tool (machine) to the work piece.
The location of the energy transmission is rarely
controlled directly but indirectly at remote measurement
points.
As a result, the created geometry will always deviate
from the perfect shape.
The amount of this deviation can be defined as the
achievable precision of both the machine and the
process.

ME EN 7960 Precision Machine Design - Examples of Precision Machine Designs

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