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CARE HOSPITAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

INTRODUCTION

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1.0. INTRODUCTION

1.1. PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION AND DEFINITION

In this system every thing is done manually and it takes lots of time to complete
the work. Problem identification is done to obtain a clear understanding of the
needs of the clients and the users, and what exactly is desired from the software.

1.2. LITERATURE SURVEY

Our project is a real time project, which aims to automate

Hospital Management. This project would help in automating
the hospital management process in educational as well as
commercial domain. The existing system of Hospital
Management is a manual method of managing data. Different
log books are maintained for the monitoring of various aspects
of Hospital Management. For retrieving the information
required, the data has to be searched in the respective log
books. Updating, deletion and addition of new records are very
tedious. This method requires lot of time and effort.
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Thus, the present existing system has many loopholes, which

we have tried to rectify through our project.

1.3. STUDY OF THE EXISTING SYSTEM

The existing system is manual. It is not yet been computerized. Because of this
fact managing data is very inconvenient. Data is inconsistent, redundant, its
storage and maintenance is laborious. Data retrieval is a very difficult task.

Administrator has to invite the doctors and pa tient. We have to review each
paper page by page which needs a lot of effort. If any patient has to take any
appointments it has to be registered by hand which is tedious. All these tasks
consume a lot of time and effort.

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Our Hospital Management System will computerize all these tasks and reduce
the efforts and time required. Once the papers are submitted, each and every
step after that is computerized. Patients name, patients appointment timings,
doctors name and patients id number will be done easily by the system.
manually.
We have to review each paper page by page which needs a lot
of effort. If any patient has to take any appointments it has to
be registered by hand which is tedious. All these tasks consume
a lot of time and effort.
Our Hospital Management System will computerize all these tasks and reduce
the efforts and time required. Once the papers are submitted, each and every
step after that is computerized. Patients name, patients appointment timings,
doctors name and patients id number will be done easily by the system.

1.4. DISADVANTAGES OF THE EXISTING SYSTEM

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1. It provides more staff to operate and manage.

2. Repetition of work.
3. Cost is more.
4. It takes lots of time to complete the work.
5. It can store only small amount of data.
6. It is difficult to track the information.
7. Once the data is lost it cannot be retrieved again.

1.5. DETAILS OF THE PROPOSED SYSTEM

The proposed system for Hospital Management can be used for commercial and
educational institution purposes. It has many advanced features as compared to
the existing system. They are as follows:

Many user types are provided. They are as follows:

FEATURES:

1. REGISTRATION: On the system the user are able to register according to its
hierarchy, so that a username and password will be provided in order to login to
the system. The user data base and records are maintained by the system and

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also you can add, update and delete the records from the system with proper
privileges.

2. IN-PATIENT DETAILS: I the new patient gets admitted to the system then a
unique record is generated for each patient and patient details with the room
reservation and its case papers and other details will be stored in the system.
Once the patient gets discharge then his check out from hospital along with the
billing details will be taken care of by the system.

3. OUT-PATIENT DETAILS: If the new patient visits the doctor, the system
generates a unique record for each patient and patient details along with its case
papers and other details are stored in the system. Billing details are also taken
care by the system.

4. LABORATORY: The system keeps track of the laboratories in the hospital.

The equipment purchasing, inventory and billing of the purchase will be
maintained by the system.

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5. STAFF RECORD MAINTAINENCE AND PAYROLL SYSTEM: The

system keeps track of the entire staff of the hospital. The staffs pay slips as well
as addition and deductions to their salaries are maintained by the system. The
system also keeps track of the staffs paid and unpaid leaves.

6. BILLING SYSTEM: The entire billing system for the patient will be
automatically created. It will include expenses of all kind and in the end when
the patient gets a discharge the entire bill will be generated automatically. The
bill will contain all the expenses, which should be charged to patient for the
period for which he/she was admitted to the hospital.

7. DOCTOR CONSULTANT: The system will provide a forum for senior as

well as junior doctors so that they can consult with each other online.

8. PATIENT RECORD MAINTENANCE: The system maintains a detail

record of each patient who will be admitted to the hospital. The patient case
papers will be generated automatically and will be maintained in proper format.

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9. MEDICAL EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE: The total medical equipment

maintenance will be taken care. The items will be disposable, non disposable
equipments and their proper maintenance.

1.5. ADVANTAGES OF PROPOSED SYSTEM

1. It provides less staff to operate and manage.

2. Reduction/elimination of repetition of work.
3. Increased productivity.
4. Decrease the paper work and enhance the accuracy.
5. Faster decision making.
6. Greater control over patient management.
7. Cost saving.
8. It is easy to track, compile and get back the entered
information.
9. It can store large data and information.
10.

It can provide only one click type of case.

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SYSTEM
ANALYSIS

2.0 SYSTEM ANALYSIS

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It is the starting point of the software development activity. As system grew

more complex it became evident that the goals of the entire system cannot be
easily comprehended. Hence the need for the requirements analysis phases
arose. Some of the difficulty is due to the scope of this phase. The software
project is initiated by the clients needs. The emphasis was first on coding and
then shifted to design.

2.1 DETAILED ANALYSIS OF THE PROPOSED SYSTEM

This project is fully computerized and it is easy to view all the details. This
project would help in automating the hospital management process in education
as well as commercial domain. By giving one click we can view all the details
like patients id number, patients name, patients disease, appointment timings,
from how many years is the patient taking treatment from the hospital. We can
update, delete and add new records to the data. This requires less time and it is
very easy to complete work at a given time. In the existing system every thing is
done manually and it requires more employees to complete work at a given time
where as in proposed system it requires less number of employees and can
complete the work with in a given time. In the existing system the data is stored
in the form of records and it can store only small amount of data and it is
difficult to track the information. In proposed system every thing will be
computerized, it can store large amount of data. It provides less staff to operate
and mange. Since it is computerized it increases the productivity and it is easy
to track, compile and get back the entered information. It can have greater

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control over patient management. User name and pass word will be provided to
each patient.
Thus, the present manual system has many loopholes, which we have tried to
rectify through our project.

2.2 TOOLS SURVEY

2.2.1. VISUAL BASIC- THE FRONT END TOOL

Visual basic is a procedural event driven programming language. Visual basic is

an application development environment for windows, which popularized
component oriented programming thus, taking away much of redundant coding
that used to be ubiquitous in the Windows programming world.

An application in Visual Basic is built as a collection of controls, which have

well defined interface and functionality, and then the code attached to these
controls to define the behavior of the application.

A project in Visual Basic comprises of forms, controls and modules that take up
an application. A form is a window that displays controls, graphics or other

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forms and has some code associated with it. When some code has to be shared
throughout an application, it can be put in a module.
There are quite a number of reasons for the enormous success of Visual Basic
which are as follows:

The structure of the Basic programming language is very

simple, particularly as to the executable code.
VB is not only a language but primarily an integrated,
interactive development environment (IDE).
The VB-IDE has been highly optimized to support rapid
application development (RAD). It is particularly easy to
develop graphical user interfaces and to connect them to
handler functions provided by the application.
The GUI of the VB-ID provides intuitively appealing views
for the management of the program structure in the large
and various types of entities (classes, modules,
procedures, forms).
VB provides a comprehensive interactive and contextsensitive online help system.
When editing program texts the IntelliSense technology
informs you in a little popup window about the types of
constructs that may be entered at the current cursor
location.

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VB is a component integration language which is attuned

to Microsofts Component Object Model (COM).

COM components can be written in different languages

and then integrated using VB.
Interfaces of COM components can be easily called
remotely via Distributed COM (DCOM), which makes it
easy to construct distributed applications.

COM components can be embedded in / linked to your

applications user interface and also in/to stored
documents (Object Linking and Embedding OLE,
Compound Documents).
In this project VB will provide the user interface. It will be
used for the different user logins. Also the details about
each user will be displayed on entering the necessary
information.

Of all languages we have worked with, Visual Basic is easiest to learn and use,
which is why we have chosen it as our front end tool.

2.2.1.1 ADVANTAGES

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VB is the quickest and easiest way to create powerful application for Microsoft
Window operating system. The VB programming system allows us to create
robust and useful applications that fully make use of the GUI.

VB helps us to be more productive by providing appropriate tools for the

different aspects of GUI development. We create the graphical interface for the
application by drawing objects in a graphical way. We set properties on these
objects to refine their appearance and behavior. Then we make this interface
react to the user by writing code that responds to events that occur in the
interface.

2.2.1.2 INTERFACE ELEMENTS

Tool Bar:
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Toolbar provides quick access to commonly used commands in the

programming environment. We click a button on the toolbar once to carry out
the action represented by that button. It provides a set of tools that we use at
design time to place controls on a form.

Menu Bar:

It displays the commands that we use to build the application.

Form:
It serves as a window that we can customize as the interface of the application.
We can add controls, graphics and pictures to a form to create the look that we
want.

Project Window:
It lists the property settings for the selected form or control. A property is a
characteristic of an object, such as size, caption or color.

Object Browser:

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Available from the view menu, the Object browser lists objects available for
use in the project and gibes us a quick way to navigate the code.

2.2.1.3. APPLICATIONS

There are three main steps for creating an application for windows in VB
Create the interface.
Set properties.
Write codes.

Creating An Interface:

Forms are the foundation for creating the interface of an application. We can see
forms to add windows and dialogue boxes to our application. The first step in
building the VB application is to create the forms that will be the basic for our

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applications interface. Then we draw the objects which make up the interface
on the forms created.

The properties window consists of the following components:

Object Box:

Display the name of the object for which you can set properties click the arrow
to the right of the object box do display the list of objects for the current form.

Properties List:

The left column displayed all of the properties for the selected object. We can
edit and view settings in the right column.

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To set properties from the Properties Window:

From the view menu, choose properties, or click the Properties button on the
toolbar. The properties window displays the settings for the selected form or
control.
From the properties list, select the name of a property.

Writing Code:

The code window is where we write VB code for our application. Code consists
of language statements, constants and declaration. Using the code window, we
can quickly view and edit any of the code in our application.

To create an event procedure:

In the object list box, select the name of an object in the active form. In the
procedure list box, select the name of event of the selected object. Here the click
procedure is already selected, because it is the default procedure for a command
button. Note that a template for the event procedure is now displayed in the
code window.

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Type the code between the Sub and End Sub statements.

Running the application:

To run the application, choose start from the Run menu or click the start button
on the toolbar or press F5.

Back End Tool: MICROSOFT ACCESS

MS Access is a relational database management system from Microsoft which

combines the relational MS Jet database engine with a graphical user interface.

It is a member of the MS Office System. Access can use data stored in

Access/Jet, Microsoft SQL server, any ODBC complaint data container.
Relatively unskilled programmer can use it to build simple applications.

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Access was also the name of a communication program from Microsoft, meant
to compete with ProComm and other programs. Access proved to be a
Failure and years later Microsoft reused the name for its database software.
Access makes use of the Leszynski naming convention.

Salient features of Microsoft Access used as the back end tool

Access can be used as the database for basic applications, especially web based
applications:

1. It can be used for client-server solutions.

2. Access is used by programmers to create customized desktop.
3. It is relatively compatible with SQL.
4. It gives facility of easy data entry, modification and determines the
type of data to be entered.

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5. It can be made to import to any front end tool as VB and used as the
database.
6. It is very much readily available and is quite user-friendly.

2.3. HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS

2.3.1. HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS

S.NO.

REQUIREMENT

1.

Computer with 2 GB
hard disk and 256 MB
RAM

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2.3.2. SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS

S.NO.

REQUIREMENT

1.

Windows 95/98/xp
operating system

2.

MS Access

3.

Microsoft Visual Basic

6.0

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2.4. ENTITY RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM (E-R DIAGRAM)

The ER diagram is specialized graphic that illustrates the interrelationship
between entities in a database. ER diagrams often use symbols to represent
three different types of information. Boxes are commonly used to represent
entities. Diamonds are normally used to represent relationships and ovals are
used to represent attributes.
The first stage of information system design uses these models to describe
information needs or the type of information that is to be stored in a database
during the requirements analysis.
An entity represents a discrete object. Entities can be thought of as nouns.
Entities and relationships can have both attributes. Every entity must have a
minimum set of uniquely identifying attributes, which is called the entitys
primary key.
Entity-relationship diagram dont show single entities of relations. Rather, they
show entity sets and relationship sets.

Lines are drawn between entity sets and the relationship sets they are involved
in entities in an entity set must participate in the relationship set, a thick or
double line is drawn. This is called a participation constraint. If each entity of an
entity set can participate in at most one relationship set. This is called a key
constraint. To indicate that each entity in the entity set is involved in exactly one
relationship, a thick arrow is drawn.

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E-R DIAGRAM FOR HOSPITAL

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Lab Technicians

Doctors

Operation Theatre

Billing

HOSPITAL

Patients
Wards

Labs

E-R DIAGRAM FOR DOCTOR

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Salary

Contact
Number

Name

ID Number

Doctor
Specialisation

Timings

E-R DIAGRAM FOR PATIENT

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Doctors Name
Name
ID Number

Bill Number

Patient

Disease

Date of
Admission

E-R DIAGRAM FOR DISCHARGE PATIENT

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Date of
Admission

Date of
Discharge

Name
ID Number

Discharge Patient
Payment Details
Bill Number

E-R DIAGRAM FOR ADMINISTRATOR

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Doctor Details
Salary Details
Patient Details

Lab Details

Administrator
Staff Details

Infrastructure
Details

Billing Details

E-R DIAGRAM FOR BILLING

Patients
Name
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Amount Paid

Lab Charges

Billing
Balance
Amount
Pharmacy
Charges

Bill Number

2.5. DATA FLOW DIAGRAM

A Data Flow Diagram is a graphical representation of the flow of data

through an information system. A data flow diagram can also be used for the
visualization of data processing. It is common practice for a designer to draw a
context level DFD first which shows the interaction between the system outside
entities.
CONTEXT LEVEL
System
Database
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Input

Output

DATA FLOW DIAGRAM FOR HOSPITAL MANAGEMENT

Admit new
patient

Add new patient

Details of patients

Administrator
subsystem

Userpass

patient/
transfer

Discharge
patient

Transfer
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Userpass

Personal details

username

administrator id

PasswordAuthet--

Logi
n

Username ication
Name, doc,DOB,gender

Personal
details
.
Personal
info

Doctor id
Doctor
applicant
subsystem

Doctor

Doctor table

update/
search/
add
Patient table

Specialisation
Disease

Staff

discharge

Work
details
Educational
details

Discharge table

Qualification

Salary
Details

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SYSTEM
DESIGN

3.0 SYSTEM DESIGN

This phase begins when the requirements specification document for the
software to be developed is available. While the requirements specification
activity is entirely in the problem domain, design is the first step to moving
from the problem domain towards the solution domain. Design is essentially the

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bridge between requirements specification and the final solution for satisfying
the requirements.

3.1. WORKING MODULES OF THE PROJECT

The different modules in our project, Hospital management are:

Login
Add patient
Delete patient
Update patient
View patient

The working of each module is explained below.

Login:
Using this module one can login into the system. Every user will be provided
with user name and password using this user name and password one can login
to the system and view there details.

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Add patient:
Using this module the administrator can add patient details or new patients.

Delete patient:
Using this module we can delete the patients database if the patients disease
gets cured or the patient gets discharged from the hospital.

Update patient:
Using this module we can update the patient details.

View patient:
This module helps us to see the details of all the patients.

3.2. DATABASE DESIGN

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3.2.1. Doctors Table:

Column Name
ID No.
Fname
Lname
Password
Contact No.
Address
Specialisation

Data Type
Number
Text
Text
Numeric
Number
Text
Text

Allows Null
No
Yes
Yes
No
No
No
Yes

Description
ID Number
First name
Last name
Passwords
Contact Number
Address
Specialisation

3.2.2. Patients Table:

Column Name

Data Type

Allows Null

Description

Id-Number

Auto Number

No

Unique id
number for
patients

Password

Numeric

No

Unique password
for patients

Fname

Text

No

First name

Lname

Text

Yes

Last name

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Contact number

Numeric

No

Contact number
of patient

Address

Text

NO

Patients address

Disease

Text

Yes

Patients disease

Doctors name

Text

Yes

Name of the
doctor who is
treating the
patient

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3.2.3. Patients Registration Table:

Column Name

Data Type

Allows Null

Description

Patients Id
No.

Number

NO

Patients
Name
Surname

Text

Yes

Text

No

Address

Text

No

Occupation

Text

No

Disease

Text

No

Phone no.

number

No

Unique Id
number for
patients
Name of the
patient
Surname of
the patient
Address of
the patient
Occupation of
the patient
Disease of
the Patient
Phone
number

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3.2.5. Laboratory Table:

Column Name

Data Type

Allows Null

Description

Equipments

Numeric

Yes

Number of
equipments in the
hospital

Type

Text

Yes

Type of
equipments in the
hospital

Fname

Text

No

First name of the

lab technician

Lname

Text

Yes

Last name

Salary

Numeric

Yes

Salary of the lab

technician

3.2.6. Doctors Table:

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Column Name

Data Type

Description

Doctors Name

Text

Name of the Doctor

Doctors Id

Number

Identification number
of the doctor

Doctors Specialization

Text

Specialization of the
doctor

3.2.7 Billings Table:

Column Name

Data Type

Description

Patient-ID

Number

Identification Number

Bill No.

Number

Bill Number

Patient Name

Text

Patient Name

Lab Charges

Number

Laboratory Charges

Pharmacy Charges

Number

Pharmacy Charges

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Total Amount

Number

Total Amount

The tables used in the data base are normalized. Database normalization, is
a technique for designing relational database tables to minimize duplication of
information and, in so doing, to safeguard the database against certain types of
logical or structural problems, namely data anomalies. The normal forms are
applicable to individual tables; to say that an entire database is in normal form n
is to say that all of its tables are in normal form n.

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First normal form:

The normalization process involves getting our data to conform to progressive
normal forms, and a higher level of normalization cannot be achieved unless the
previous levels have been satisfied. The first normal form requires that the
values in each column of a table are atomic.

Second Normal form:

It deals with the relationships between composite key columns and non-key
columns. To achieve Second normal form, tables must already be in First
normal form.

Third Normal form:

Third normal form requires that all columns depend directly on the primary
key. Tables violate the Third Normal form when one column depends on
another column, which in turn depends on the primary key.

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CODING

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4.0

CODING

The goal of the coding or programming phase is to translate the design of the
system produced during the design phase into code in a given programming
language which can be executed by a computer, and which performs the
computation specified by the design. For a given design, the aim is to
implement the design in the best possible manner.
The coding phase affects both testing and maintenance profoundly. As we saw
earlier, the time spent in coding is a small percentage of the total software cost,
while testing and maintenance consume the major percentage. Thus it should be
clear that the goal during coding should be to reduce the cost of later phases,
even if it means that the cost of this phase has to increase. In other words, the
goal during this phase is not to simplify the job of the tester and the maintainer.

4.1 PROGRAMMING PRACTICE

4.1.1. Top-Down and Bottom-Up
The design of a software system consists of a hierarchy of modules. The
main program involves subordinate modules. In a top down implementation, the
implementation starts from the top of the hierarchy, and then proceeds to the
lower level. In a bottom-up implementation, the process is the reverse.
4.1.2. Structured Programming
Much emphasis is based on structured programming, although the
concept and motivation behind structured programming is often not well
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understood. Structured programming is often regarded as goto-less

programming.
It has a static structure as well as dynamic structure. The static structure is the
structure of the text of the program which is usually just a linear organisation of
statements of the program. The dynamic structure of the program is the
sequence in which statements are executed during the program execution.
4.1.3. Information Hiding
To reduce coupling between modules of a system it is best that different
modules be allowed to access and modify only those data items that are needed
by them. The other data should be hidden from such modules and the modules
should not be allowed to access these data items.

SAMPLE CODES
Private Sub cmdclear_Click()
txtpatientsid.Text = " "
txtSname.Text = " "
txtFname.Text = " "
txtDOB.Text = " "
txtSex.Text = " "
txtOccupation.Text = " "
txtStateOfOrigin.Text = " "

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txtCaseRefNo.Text = " "

txtDateOfAdmission.Text = " "
txtDoctorInCharge.Text = " "

txtDoctorsDiag.Text = " "

End Sub
Private Sub cmdabort_Click()
If MsgBox ("Unload and Close admission file?", vbYesNo + vbQuestion) =
vbYes Then Unload Me
End Sub
Private Sub cbobloodgrp_Change ()
cbobloodgrp.AddItem "O+ve"
cbobloodgrp.AddItem "O-ve"
cbobloodgrp.AddItem "A+ve"
cbobloodgrp.AddItem "A-ve"
cbobloodgrp.AddItem "B+ve"
cbobloodgrp.AddItem "B-ve"
cbobloodgrp.AddItem "AB+ve"
cbobloodgrp.AddItem "AB-ve"
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End Sub
Private Sub cmdsearch_Click()
Adodc1.Recordset.MoveFirst
While (Text2.Text <> txtpatientsid.Text)
Adodc1.Recordset.MoveNext
Wend
End Sub

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TESTING

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5.0 TESTING
Software testing is the process used to measure the quality of developed
computer software. The separation of debugging from testing was initially
introduced by Glenford J.Myres in 1979. Usually, quality is constrained to such
topics as correctness, completeness, security, but can also include more
technical requirements as described under the ISO standard ISO 9126, such as
capability, reliability, efficiency, portability, maintainability, compatibility and
usability. Testing is process of technical investigation, performed on behalf of
stakeholders, that is intended to reveal quality-related information about the
product with respect to the context in which it is intended to operate. This
included, but is not limited to, the process of executing a program or application
with the intent of finding errors.
A good test is sometimes described as one which reveals an error; however,
more recent thinking suggests that a good test is Sone which reveals information
of interest to someone who matters within the project community, as a tests will
measure quality and therefore
May well be unable to find any error, because the software works the way it was
specified.

5.1 UNIT TESTING

Unit testing tests the minimal software component, or module. Each unit of the
software is tested to verify that the detailed design for the unit has been
correctly implemented. Unit testing is a procedure used to validate that
individual units of source code are working properly. A unit is the smallest
testable part of an application. In procedural programming a unit may be an

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individual program, function, procedure, etc., while in object-oriented

programming, the smallest unit is always a Class; which may be a base/super
class, abstract class or derived/child class. Units are distinguished from modules
in that modules are typically made up of units.
The goal of unit testing is to isolate each part of the program and show that the
individual parts are correct. A unit test provides a strict, written contract that the
piece of code must satisfy. As a result, it affords several benefits.
Features:
Facilitates Change
Simplifies Integration
Documentation
Separation of interface from implementation

Unit testing will not catch every error in the program. By definition, it only tests
the functionality of the units themselves. Therefore, it will not catch integration
errors, performance problems or any other system-wide issues. In addition, it
may not be easy to anticipate all special cases of input the program unit under
study may receive in reality. Unit testing is only effective if it used in
conjunction with other software testing activities.

5.2 INTEGRATION TESTING

Integration testing exposes defects in the interfaces and interaction between
integrated components. Progressively larger groups of tested software

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components corresponding to elements of the architectural design are integrated

and tested until the software works as a whole.
Integration testing is the phase of software testing in which individual software
modules are combined and tested as a group. It follows unit testing and precedes
system testing.
Integration testing takes as its input modules that have been unit tested, groups
them in larger aggregates, applies tests defined in an integration test plan to
those aggregates, and delivers as its output the integrated system ready for
system testing.
The different types of integration testing are:
Big Bang
Bottom Up

5.3. SYSTEM TESTING

System testing is testing conducted on a complete, integrated system to evaluate
the systems compliance with its specified requirements. System testing falls
with in the scope of black box testing, and as such, should require no knowledge
of the inner design of the code or logic.
As a rule, systems testing rakes, as its input, all of the integrated software
components that have successfully passed integration testing and also the
software system itself integrated with any applicable hardware system.

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5.4. ACCEPTANCE TESTING

Acceptance testing can be conducted by the end-user, customer or client to
validate whether or not to accept the product. Acceptance testing can be
performed after the testing and before the implementation phase.
It is the black box testing performed on a system in most environments,
acceptance testing by the system provider is distinguished from acceptance
testing by the customer. It generally involves running a suite of tests on the
completed system.

5.5. WHITE BOX TESTING

It uses an internal perspective of the system to design cases based on internal
structure. It requires programming skills to identify all paths through the
software. The tester chooses test case inputs to exercise paths through the code
determines the appropriate outputs.
It includes:
a. Control flow testing
b. Data flow testing

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5.6. BLACK BOX TESTING

It takes an external perspective of the test object to derive test cases. These tests
can be functional or non-functional. The designer selects valid and invalid input
and determines the correct output. There is no knowledge of the test objects
internal structure
This method of test design is applicable to all levels of software testing unit,
integration, functional testing, system and acceptance.
This method can uncover unimplemented parts of the specification, one cannot
be sure that all existent paths are tested.

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SYSTEM
IMPLEMENTATION

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6.0 SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION:

Implementation is the stage of project when theoretical design is turned into a

working system. The implementation involves a full planning, investigation of
current system and its constraints on implementing design of methods to
achieve the change over training of staff over procedure and evaluating over
methods.
The first step in implementation is planning, deciding on the methods and time
scale to be adopted. Once the planning has been completed, the major effort is
to ensure that programming the system is working properly an concentrate on
training users staff.
The steps involve conversation of existing document to compute the media and
setting of these are converted on the computer.
When the change over has taken place there will be need for amendment to
correct or improve the new system. The user can specify null values or existing
primary key values to the fields.

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SYSTEM
MAINTENANCE

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7.0 SYSTEM MAINTENANCE

The objective of this maintenance work is to be making sure that the system
gets into work all tie without any error. The error may occur due to several
reasons.
They may be identified at the installation time but are tend to develop at its
implementation time.
The system is liable to accept any modification after its implementation. This
system is designed to favour all new changes without affecting system
performance or its accuracy.

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SCREEN SHOTS

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DISCUSSION
OF RESULTS

9.0 DISCUSSION OF RESULTS:

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The final project is capable of implementing the proposed features providing

access to a variety of users using the same interface. The proportion of data may
sometimes hinder the project speed of loading and running. The reports serve
the purpose as thought. The validations help user enter correct entries and the
Application as a whole is a very secure one. Lots of security features have been
provided as essential to any hospital management system.

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CONCLUSION

10.0 CONCLUSION:

To summarize in a line we have provided the package, which is reliable and user
friendly for any organization. There can be future enhancement where in many
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other features can bi included which can make the package more comfortable to
work on for the organization.
Data redundancy will be avoided by creating tables for appropriate fields. It will
be easy for the organization to save the data in the system.

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REFERENCES

11.0

REFERENCES

BIBILOGRAPHY

Books:
i.

VB 6.0, united publishers.

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ii.

John Smiley, Learn to program with basic 6, Active path

Publishers.

iii.

Pankaj Jalote, An Integrated Approach to Software

Engineering, Narosa publishers

iv.

Shamkant B.Navathe, Fundamentals of Database Systems,

pearsons Publishers

Websites:

www.google.com
www.codeguru.com
www.vbcodes.com

Department Of Computer Science, Christ College, Bangalore-29