The Centre Pompidou Metz
CENTRE POMPIDOU METZ
Contributor:
Contributor:
Tobias Doebele
- Graduate engineer (FH) for timber constructions
- working for Amann since 2004
Tasks:
Tasks:
- Calculation and order acquisition
- Project management
- All projects outside of Germany
CENTRE POMPIDOU METZ
Introduction Holzbau Amann:
- Established in 1932
South Western Germany, close to Swiss and French border
Founder Xaver Amann + 2 employees
Traditional carpentry
- 1955 Gerhard Amann joins the company
~ 15 employees
Focus on major projects
- 2008 one of the leading timber construction companies in Germany
~ 50 employees (graduated engineers, master technicians, masters, etc.)
Major timber construction projects in Germany and abroad
CENTRE POMPIDOU METZ
Realized projects since 1932
- 51 sports halls
- 56 industry halls
- 29 schools
- 27 community centers
- 29 constructions for sport (from natatoriums to ski jumps)
- 17 spa hotels
- 6 office buildings
- 9 restaurants
- 75 residential houses
CENTRE POMPIDOU METZ
The Hermes Roof
World Exhibition EXPO 2000, Hannover Germany
Architects: Herzog+Partners, Munich
Date: 1999/2000
Specifications:
Specifications:
40 grid-shells 20x20m
10 columns, height ~ 25m, consisting each of 4 logs, ~ 1,40m
Roof surface ~ 16.000 m
Scope of work Holzbau Amann:
Design and planning of the entire timber construction
Factory assembly and assembly on site of the columns
On site pre-assembly of the grid-shells
Assembly on site of the entire roof construction
at peak ~ 200 carpenters on site
CENTRE POMPIDOU METZ
The Hermes Roof
World Exhibition EXPO 2000, Hannover Germany
Completed shell
Pre-assembly of the shells in the mould
CENTRE POMPIDOU METZ
The Hermes Roof
World Exhibition EXPO 2000, Hannover Germany
The 4 shells installed to the columns
Shell is installed to columns
CENTRE POMPIDOU METZ
The Hermes Roof
World Exhibition EXPO 2000, Hannover Germany
CENTRE POMPIDOU METZ
Chesa Futura
St. Moritz, Switzerland
Architects: Foster and Partners, London
Date: 2001/2002
Specifications:
Specifications:
High-standard appartment house
10 flats (from 120m to 400m)
~ 230 m Gluelam
~ 15 tons of steel
~ 2500m larch shingles
Scope of work Holzbau Amann:
Design and planning of the entire timber construction
Factory preparation and on site assembly of the timber construction
Thermal insulation and interior fittings
CENTRE POMPIDOU METZ
Chesa Futura
St. Moritz, Switzerland
photomontage
architects sketches
CENTRE POMPIDOU METZ
architects 3D model
Chesa Futura
St. Moritz, Switzerland
wall elements ready for transport
pre-assembly of the wall and floor elements
CENTRE POMPIDOU METZ
Chesa Futura
St. Moritz, Switzerland
Exterior walls, curved in 2 directions, during assembly
assembly of the elements on site
CENTRE POMPIDOU METZ
Chesa Futura
St. Moritz, Switzerland
Facade with Larch shingles
Interior walls during assembly
CENTRE POMPIDOU METZ
Chesa Futura
St. Moritz, Switzerland
CENTRE POMPIDOU METZ
SAP Arena
Mannheim, Germany
Architects: Hentrich Petschnigg + Partners, Duesseldorf
Date: 2003/2004
Specifications:
Specifications:
Timber truss construction in gluelam ~ 90 m span
Height of the truss ~ 8,0m
~ 1500 m Gluelam
~ 225 tons of steel
Scope of work Holzbau Amann:
Design and planning of the entire timber roof construction
Factory preparation and on site pre-assembly of the trusses
Assembly on site of the entire roof constructionat
CENTRE POMPIDOU METZ
SAP Arena
Mannheim, Germany
Assembly of the roof construction
Pre-assembled trusses on site
CENTRE POMPIDOU METZ
SAP Arena
Mannheim, Germany
Assembly roof overhang
Truss supports during the assembly
CENTRE POMPIDOU METZ
SAP Arena
Mannheim, Germany
CENTRE POMPIDOU METZ
The Centre Pompidou Paris
The Centre Pompidou at Paris, France:
National Centre of Modern Arts and Culture
Architects Renzo Piano, Richard Rogers and Gianfranco Franchini
Built 1971 - 1977
Georges Jean Raymond Pompidou:
French Prime Minister 1962 - 1968
French President 1969 1974 ()
Art lover and patron
Promoter of the Project
To honour his merits, the Centre
today bears his name
CENTRE POMPIDOU METZ
The Centre Pompidou Metz
Why building an agency of the Centre Pompidou?
Project of Decentralization
Why at Metz?
Metz was the only city left in the end of the
competition.
Other cities, like e.G. Marseille, abandoned the
project
The architectural competition:
competition:
in 2003 international architectural competition
Richard Rogers chose 6 competitors
Japanese architect Shigeru Ban won the
competition
CENTRE POMPIDOU METZ
How Holzbau Amann got into the project
Fall 2004: Email from an engineering office from London
develop its constructability and make a preliminary cost estimate
Wait a minute
CENTRE POMPIDOU METZ
How Holzbau Amann got into the project
On inquiry, more informations were provided:
- Roof surface about 8500m
- Roof composed of grillage elments, grid spacing ~3.0m
- Each grillage element constructed from a three-layer
stack of planks,
three
30cm wide by 8.2cm thick
- Each plank manufactured from multiple layers of LVL board (Kerto)
- Each layer of LVL glued and srewed together to form the composite plank
- Composite planks cut to fit in one direction, bend in the other direction
- Three layer grillage constructed by alternately stacking the planks to form
a composite open stack
- Additional shear blocks installed between the planks
- Roof covered with a PTFE mebrane
- Roof construction not only supported by the 4 columns, also by the
concrete structure and by the steel structure (tower).
CENTRE POMPIDOU METZ
How Holzbau Amann got into the project
The engineers solution
3d modell with all supports
Composition of the grillage
Bending of the
planks
Grillage
CENTRE POMPIDOU METZ
How Holzbau Amann got into the project
And eventually some visualizations
CENTRE POMPIDOU METZ
How Holzbau Amann got into the project
Evaluation of the projected solution
Pro:
- Kerto Q is high-capacity timber product
Contra:
- Material cost and waste material when cutting the layers for the planks
- Glueing on the site risky, since depending to weather conditions
- bending of the planks in one direction
- Can only be build with moulds or with falseworks under the roof structure
during the assembly.
8500m Freeform structure = 8500m moulds or falseworks!
- General doubts on the correctness of the structural analysis
3d modell correct, connections, loads, load combinations, and results?
Verification not possible, since no calculations were ever presented by the engineer
Proposing a variant seemed oppurtune
CENTRE POMPIDOU METZ
Roof structure
Holzbau Amann teamed up with Swiss wood expert and consultant Hermann Blumer.
First propostion: 3 layers of single, intersecting gluelam beams with hexagonal shapes
CENTRE POMPIDOU METZ
Roof structure
Unfortunately
Unfortunately
Shigeru Ban
CENTRE POMPIDOU METZ
Roof structure
We forgot one thing
the architects inspirationa Chinese hat
A woven, multi-layer structure! No single beams!
CENTRE POMPIDOU METZ
Roof structure
Second proposition: 3 double-layers of intersecting gluelam planks with rectangular shapes.
CENTRE POMPIDOU METZ
Roof structure
Shigeru Ban
CENTRE POMPIDOU METZ
Roof structure
Virendel System
CENTRE POMPIDOU METZ
Roof structure
Specifications accepted solution:
solution:
- 3 double-layers of intersecting gluelam planks, mainly GL24 grading.
- gluelam planks are glued curved in one direction. The curvature in the
second direction and the twisting is achieved by milling the beams
on the CNC machine.
- connection plank to plank: factory glued-in LVL pins with a threaded rod
- additional shear blocks between the planks
Advantages:
- economically advantageous
- less material Less dead load (significant load in this construction!)
- no glueing on site
- no moulds or false-work needed, just temporary supports for assembly on site
- geometrical shape achieved by CAD design and CNC milling, not by
bending and twisting the planks high accuracy
CENTRE POMPIDOU METZ
Roof structure
Detail of pin
Detail of shear block
Prestressed threaded rod with disc springs
Kerto Q block(s) screwed between the planks
Transmission bending moments
and lateral forces
Transmission of shear forces between upper and
lower plank
CENTRE POMPIDOU METZ
Roof structure
The model for the structural
analysis
40000 single bars for the
timber construction
CENTRE POMPIDOU METZ
Roof structure
Specifications:
- Roof surface ~ 8000 m
- Gluelam ~ 1000 m
= 18.000 lfm
= 1600 singe beams
- LVL Pins ~ 15.000 Stck
- Kerto shear block ca. 8000 pieces
- Steel elements ~ 11 tons
General Contractor: Demathieu & Bard, France
Contractor timber construction: Holzbau Amann, Germany
Structural Engineer timber construction: SJB,
SJB Switzerland
CENTRE POMPIDOU METZ
Roof structure
2 mock-ups have been built
First mock-up (12x12m) after completion
Second mock-up (9x9m) on the site
CENTRE POMPIDOU METZ
First mock-up during laying the
foundation stone
Roof structure
strength testing at the laboratories of the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology at Biel
CENTRE POMPIDOU METZ
From the 3D model to the trimmed plank
Starting point: 3D model from the tender
Unfortunately not directly usable for the structural analysis
not sufficiently accurate
Only the fixed points (supports) could be directly transfered,
the rest of the geometry had to be reworked
CENTRE POMPIDOU METZ
From the 3D model to the trimmed plank
3D model imported into the structural analysis software RSTAB
~ 45000 bars
~ 30000 nodes
geometrical corrections were realized directly on the structural
analysis modell
CENTRE POMPIDOU METZ
From the 3D model to the trimmed plank
3D Modell from RSTAB transformed in a dxf file
some more adaptations and revisions were necessary
architect asked for some corrections to the contours of the edges of the roof
finally on July 27th, 2007:
Shigeru Ban approved the
geometry
CENTRE POMPIDOU METZ
From the 3D model to the trimmed plank
3D dxf model provides the geometrie of the system lines
does not provide real curves, just discretizations
is not able do create freeform surfaces
Another software was needed!
Holzbau Amann chose the software RHINO:
RHINO
perfectly adapted to design freeform surfaces (nurbs)
well-proven already for Chesa Futura
easy to learn and handle
quite a bargain
possible to create and install plugins for additional functions
CENTRE POMPIDOU METZ
From the 3D model to the trimmed plank
- Surface relaxation
DESIGNTOPRODUCTION
DESIGN PRODUCTION
- blanks
- division of the planks
DXF
Holzbau Amann
icapp
capp
CENTRE POMPIDOU METZ
RHINO
- Smoothing the surface
From the 3D model to the trimmed plank
Rhino model of the roof structure
CENTRE POMPIDOU METZ
From the 3D model to the trimmed plank
Each plank (blank and finished piece) is imported from Rhino into CADWORK
via .sat file
In CADWORK:
CADWORK
- designing and integrating of the connection elements
- generating production lists and shop-drawings
- adjustment to the trimming line
CENTRE POMPIDOU METZ
From the 3D model to the trimmed plank
3D model of each plank (blank and finished piece) is exported from Cadwork
as .sat files and imported into the PEPS software
PEPS CAM-system (Computer Aided Manufacturing)
CENTRE POMPIDOU METZ
From the 3D model to the trimmed plank
PEPS has a graphical user interface
the points for cuts, drill-holes, etc. can be picked from the 3d model
PEPS calculates and generates the necessary commands for the trimming line
for the 5 axis milling of the planks plugins have been programmed
Click on edge of a plank PEPS generates commands for the trimming line
machining can be simulated in PEPS
errors can be detected before the plank is on the trimming line!
CENTRE POMPIDOU METZ
From the 3D model to the trimmed plank
CENTRE POMPIDOU METZ
From the 3D model to the trimmed plank
CENTRE POMPIDOU METZ
Some figures on the trimming
Gluelam
~ 1400 m blanks
~ 1000 m on site
~ 18000 lfm
~ 1600 singe beams
Sheduled time for trimming
~ 10 months
Sheduled beginning trimming
~ April/Mai 2008
Sheduled assembly on site
~ February 2009
~ 3 months
CENTRE POMPIDOU METZ
The Centre Pompidou Metz
Thank you for your attention
CENTRE POMPIDOU METZ
