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Simultaneous Equation

The document provides information and examples on solving simultaneous equations. It discusses the characteristics and methods of solving simultaneous equations, including expressing one variable in terms of another and substituting into the second equation. Examples of solving simultaneous equations by factorizing quadratic equations and using the quadratic formula are given. SPM-style question examples are also provided.

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sookyee4321
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145 views

Simultaneous Equation

The document provides information and examples on solving simultaneous equations. It discusses the characteristics and methods of solving simultaneous equations, including expressing one variable in terms of another and substituting into the second equation. Examples of solving simultaneous equations by factorizing quadratic equations and using the quadratic formula are given. SPM-style question examples are also provided.

Uploaded by

sookyee4321
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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4.

SIMULTANEOUS EQUATIONS

IMPORTANT NOTES:
*** Usually asked in PAPER 2, Question 1.
(i)
Characteristics of simultaneous equations:
(a) Involves TWO variables, usually in x and y.
(b) Involves TWO equations : one linear and the other non- linear.
(ii) Solving simultaneous equations means finding the values of x and
corresponding y which satisfy BOTH the equations.
(iii) Methods of solving ::
(a) Starting from the LINEAR equation, express y in terms of x (or x in
terms of y).
(b) Substitute y (or x) into the second equation (which is non-linear) to
2

obtain a quadratic equation in the form ax + bx + c = 0.


(c) Solve the quadratic equation by factorisation or by using the
b b 2 4ac
FORMULA
.
2a

(iv)

If the quadratic equation CANNOT be factorised, candidates will be


asked to give your answer correct to 4 significant figures or give
your answer correct to three decimal places.

Skor Bestari 2011


1

Page

Back to BASIC
(III) To express y in terms of x
(a)
Test yourself:
Eg.. 2x + y = 4
1.
y = 4 2x
Eg.. 3x y = 6
3x
= 6+y
3x 6 = y

3x + y = 6

2.

y=

x+y= 3
y=

3.

2x y = 3

4.

xy=6

Eg.. x + 2y = 2
2y = 2 x
y = 2x

5.

x + 3y = 9

6.

3x + 4y = 6

Eg.. 3x 2y = 4
3x
= 4 + 2y
3x 4 =
2y
3x

4
y=

7.

2x 3y = 2

8.

x 4y = 1

y = 3x - 6

9.

3y x = 5

10. x 2y = 5

11. 4x + 3y = 6

(III) (b) Express x in terms of y


Eg.. x + 3y = 2
1. 2y + x = 5
x

= 2 3y

Eg.. 4y x
4y
4y 3
x

=
=
=
=

3
3+x
x
4y - 3

Eg.. 3x + 2y = 4
3x
= 4 2y
x =

9.

x=

x+y = 1
x =

3.

yx = 3

4.

xy=4

5.

4x + 3y = 2

6.

2x + 4y = 3

7.

2x 3y = 2

8.

3x 4y = 6

10. x y = 2

11.

2x + y = 4

13. 3y 2x 6 = 0 ,
x= ?

14.

3x 4 y = 2 , y = ?

4 2y
3

Eg.. 3y 2x = 1
3y
= 1 + 2x
3y 1 =
2x
x=

2.

3y1
2

3y 6x = 2

12. 5x + 2y 3 = 0 ,
y= ?

To solve Quadratic Equations ax + bx + c = 0


I.
By factorisation
- Can only be used for quadratic expression which can be facrorised.
EXAMPLE
EXERCISE
2
C1. Solve the quadratic equation
L1. Solve x 4x 5 = 0.
2
x + 5x + 6 = 0.
2
Ans: :
x + 5x + 6 = 0
(x + 2) (x + 3) = 0
x + 2 = 0 or x + 3 = 0
x = -2 or x = -3
Ans : 1 , 5
C2. Solve the quadratic equation 2x (x 1) = 6. L2. Solve x ( 1 + x) = 6.
Ans :
2x (x 1) = 6
2
2x x 6 = 0
(2x + 3) (x 2) = 0
2x + 3 = 0 atau x 2 = 0
x=

3
2

atau x = 2

L3. Solve (x 3) = 1.

Ans : 3 , 2
2
L4. Solve 1 + 2x = 5x + 4.

Ans : 2, 4
2
L3. Solve (2x 1) = 2x 1 .

Ans : 1, 3/2
2
L4. Solve 5x 45 = 0.

Ans : , 1
L5. Solve (x 3)(x + 3) = 16.

Ans : 3 , 3
2
L6. Solve 3 + x 4x = 0.

Ans : 5 , 5
L7. Solve x( x + 2) = 24.

Ans : 6 , 4

Ans : , 1
2
L8. Solve 2(x 9) = 5x.

Ans : 2 , 9/2

To Solve Quadratic Equations ax + bx + c = 0


III.

By using formula

x =

EXAMPLE
C1. Solve 2x 8x + 7 = 0 using formula,
give tour answer correct to 4 significant
figures.
2

b 4ac
2a
EXERCISE
L1. By using the formula, solve
2x2 - 12x + 5 = 0 correct to 4 s.f.

a = 2, b = -8 , c = 7
(8) (8) 2 4(2)(7)
x=
2(2)
=

8 8
4

2.707 or 1.293

C2. Solve 2x(2 3x) = -5 using the


formula, give your answer correct to 2
decimal places
2x(2 3x) = -5
2
4x 6x = -5
2
6x 4x 5 = 0
a= ,b=
, c=

(Ans : 5.550, 0.4505)


L2. By using the formula, solve
2
3 x = - 3(4x 3) correct to 2
decimalplaces

x =
(Ans : 1.31 , -0.64)

(Ans: 0.52 , 11.48 )

L3.
Solve x(2x 1) = 2 by using formula
give your answer correct to 2 decimal
places.

L4. Solve the quadratic equation


2x(x 4) = (1-x) (x+2). Write your
answer correct to four significany
figures.
(SPM 2003)

(Ans : 1.28, -0.78)


2

L5. Solve x 4x = 2 using formula, give


your answer correct to 4 s.f.

(Ans : 4.449 , -0.4495)

(Ans : 2.591 , - 0.2573 )


L6. Solve the quadratic equation
x(x 4) = (3 x )(x + 3). Write your
answer correst to two decimal places.

(Ans : 3.35 , -1.35 )

Solving Simultaneous Equations (SPM FORMAT QUESTIONS)


C1. Solve x + y = 3, xy = 10 .

1. Solve x + y = 5, xy = 4 .

x + y = 3 ........ (1)
xy = 10 ........ (2)
From (1), y = 3 x ......... (3)
Substitute (3) into (2),
x (3 x) = 10
2
3x x = 10
2
x 3x 10 = 0
(x + 2) (x 5) = 0
x = 2 atau x = 5
From (3), when x = 2 , y = 3 (-2)
=5
x = 5, y = 2
Answers: x = 2, y = 5 ; x = 5 ,
y=2.

L2. Solve x + y = 2 , xy = 8 .

(Ans : x = 1, y = 4 ; x = 4, y = 1)
L3. Solve 2x + y = 6, xy = 20 .

Ans : x = 4 , y = 2 ; x = 2, y = 4 ) (Ans : x = 2 , y = 10 ; x = 5, y = 4 )

L4. Solve the simultaneous equations


(SPM 2000)
3x 5 = 2y
y(x + y) = x(x + y) 5

(Ans : x = 3 , y = 2 )

L5. Solve the simultaneous equations :


(SPM 2002)
x+y3
=
0
2
2
x + y xy = 21

(Ans : x = 1, y = 4 ; x = 4, y = 1 )

6.

Solve the simultaneous equations :


(SPM 2003)
4x + y = 8
x +xy = 2
2

(Ans : x = 2 , y = 0 ; x = 3 ,
y=4)
10

7. Solve the simultaneous equations


2
p m = 2 and p + 2m = 8. Give your
answers correct to three decimal places.
(SPM 2004)

(Ans : m = 0.606, p = 2.606 ;


m = 6.606 , p = 4.606 )

8.

Solve the simultaneous equations


(SPM 2005)
x+

1
y = 1 and y2 10 = 2x
2

(Ans : x = 4 , y = 3 ; x = ,
y=3)

9. Solve the simultaneous equations


2
2
2x + y = 1 and
2x + y + xy = 5.
Give your answers correct to three
decimal places .
(SPM 2006)

(Ans : x = 1.618, y = 2.236


x = 0.618, y = 0.236)

10. Solve the folowing simultaneous


equations:

11.Solve the folowing simultaneous


equations :

(SPM 2007)

(SPM 2008)

(Ans : x = 3 , y = 3 ; x = 1 ,y=-1)

(Ans

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