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The Pilots Manual
Private Pilot
Syllabus by Jackie Spanitz
Fourth Edition
A Flight & Ground Training Course for
Private Pilot Airplane Certication
based on The Pilots Manual Ground School
Meets Part 61 and 141 Requirements
ii The Pilots Manual Series Private Pilot Syllabus
The Pilots Manual: Private Pilot Syllabus
Fourth Edition
19952007 Aviation Supplies & Academics, Inc.
All rights reserved. Fourth Edition published 2007.
Aviation Supplies & Academics, Inc.
7005 132nd Place SE
Newcastle, Washington 98059-3153
(425) 235-1500
Internet: www.asa2fy.com
Email: [email protected]
Visit the ASA website often, as any updates due to FAA
regulatory and procedural changes will be posted there:
www.asa2fy.com
Printed in the United States of America
2010 2009 2008 2007 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
ASA-PM-S-P4
ISBN 1-56027-687-8
978-1-56027-687-6
03
Aviation Supplies & Academics, Inc. Private Pilot Syllabus iii
Contents
About this Syllabus ...................................................................................................................... v
Compliance Table ...................................................................................................................... vii
Enrollment/Graduation Certifcates ............................................................................................ ix
Stage 1 Introduction to Flying ................................................................................................. 1
Module 1 ...................................................................................................................................... 3
Module 2 ...................................................................................................................................... 4
Module 3 ...................................................................................................................................... 5
Module 4 ...................................................................................................................................... 6
Module 5 ...................................................................................................................................... 7
Optional Review .......................................................................................................................... 8
Stage 2 Solo .................................................................................................................................. 9
Module 1 .....................................................................................................................................11
Module 2 .................................................................................................................................... 12
Module 3 .................................................................................................................................... 13
Module 4 .................................................................................................................................... 14
Optional Review ........................................................................................................................ 15
Module 5 .................................................................................................................................... 16
Solo Endorsements .................................................................................................................... 17
Module 6 .................................................................................................................................... 18
Stage 3 Cross-Country Flight .................................................................................................19
Module 1 .................................................................................................................................... 21
Alternate Airport Endorsement .................................................................................................. 22
Module 2 .................................................................................................................................... 23
Module 3 .................................................................................................................................... 24
Optional Review ........................................................................................................................ 25
Module 4 .................................................................................................................................... 26
Module 5 .................................................................................................................................... 27
Cross-Country Endorsements .................................................................................................... 28
Stage 4 Prep for Checkride ....................................................................................................29
Module 1 .................................................................................................................................... 31
Module 2 .................................................................................................................................... 32
Module 3 .................................................................................................................................... 33
Module 4 .................................................................................................................................... 34
Optional Review ........................................................................................................................ 35
Module 5 .................................................................................................................................... 36
Private Pilot Endorsements ........................................................................................................ 37
Checkride List ............................................................................................................................ 37
Airman Certifcate Application (FAA Form 8710-1) .......................................................................................... 39
Appendices Stage Exams 14 ............................................................................ Appendix 11 through 44
Basic ATD Syllabus .............................................................................................Appendix 51
iv The Pilots Manual Series Private Pilot Syllabus
Aviation Supplies & Academics, Inc. Private Pilot Syllabus v
About This Syllabus
Course Objective:
The objective of this syllabus is for the student to gain the necessary aeronautical skill, knowledge and experience to meet
the requirements of a Private Pilot certifcate with an Airplane Category rating and a Single-Engine Land class rating.
Prerequisites:
The student must be able to read, speak, and understand the English language, meet the physical standards for a third
class medical certifcate, and possess a valid student pilot certifcate. Student must be 16 years old to solo, and 17 years
old to gain certifcation.
Experience Requirements for a Private Pilot Certicate Include:
35 hours of fight time (40 hours for Part 61 programs)
35 hours of ground training (No minimum time is specifed for Part 61 programs.)
Private Pilot Certication Course:
The Private License is made up of 2 requirements: Aeronautical Skill and Aeronautical Knowledge. This syllabus is
written to satisfy 14 CFR Part 141 requirements. With the addition of 5 hours of fight, this syllabus will be equally
effective for 14 CFR Part 61 programs. The syllabus is in four Stages, containing Modules. Each stage must be completed
in _____ days, not to be more than 90 days. Each Module contains both a fight and ground lesson. This presents an
integrated fight training process and will promote easier learning and a more effcient fight training program. Ideally, the
ground lesson will be completed prior to the fight. Each fight lesson must include a pre- and post-fight briefng.
Testing Procedures:
Each module contains a reading assignment associated with the ground training program. The review questions following
each chapter will test the students understanding of the material covered throughout the ground lesson, and must be
answered prior to moving on to the next module. A Stage Exam is included with each stage, testing the student on both
the ground and fight training material covered throughout the stage. This exam must be passed with a minimum score of
80%, and reconciled to 100%, in order to proceed to the next Stage.
It is essential that the objective of each module be accomplished before moving on to the next module.
Minimum Requirements:
The time necessary for the syllabus to qualify for 141 operations includes meeting 35 hours of both ground and fight
instruction (40 hours fight training for Part 61 programs). This is a minimum time the national average for completion
of the private certifcate is 73 fight hours. Many factors play into the fnishing fight time: frequency of fying, coopera-
tive weather, airplane and instructor scheduling, and lapses in the fight training process. It is recommended the student
fy at least twice a week. This type of schedule produces the most effcient training, and cuts down on review time. If
there is a lapse in between fights, it may be necessary to review maneuvers; use the optional review fights accompany-
ing each Stage for this purpose (this will allow the student to continue following the syllabus, which is necessary for a
141 program). The student should feel comfortable performing each task in all previous modules before progressing to
the next stage. If student exceeds more than ____ hours of the minimum 141 recommended time allotted per module, the
chief fight instructor must be informed.
Instruction in a pilot ground trainer that meets the requirements of Part 141.41(a) may be credited for a maximum of 20%
of the total fight training hour requirements. Instruction in a pilot ground trainer that meets the requirements for Part
141.41(b) may be credited for a maximum of 15% of the total fight training hour requirements. When a ground training
device is used, the ideal sequence is to learn in the ground training device and practice in the airplane.
vi The Pilots Manual Series Private Pilot Syllabus
Required Materials for the Private Pilot Certication Course:
The Pilots Manual Ground School (#ASA-PM-2A)
Recommended Materials for the Private Pilot Certication Course:
The Pilots Manual Flight School (#ASA-PM-1A)
FAA Private Practical Test Standards (referred to as PTS) (#ASA-8081-14)
ASA FAR/AIM (#ASA-FR-AM-BK, updated annually)
ASA Private Pilot Test Prep (#ASA-TP-P, updated annually)
ASA logbook (students choice)
ASA fight computer (E6-B or CX-2 Pathfnder)
ASA plotter (students choice)
ASA fight logs for cross-country fights (#ASA-FP-2)
ASA Private Oral Exam Guide (#ASA-OEG-P)
Sectional for local area
Airport/Facility Directory for local area
The syllabus uses The Pilots Manual series Ground School textbook for the ground training program. The review
following each chapter should be fnished with the assigned reading. Flight School, also in The Pilots Manual series,
is recommended for use in enhancing the fight training program. Both books contain an index that will help pinpoint the
material for the subject you are working on. ASAs Private Pilot Test Prep is also recommended to enhance the program.
Use of the test prep will ensure the student is completely prepared for the FAA Knowledge Exam upon completion of the
course. Instructors using this syllabus must ensure current Practical Test Standards are upheld and that Airplane Flying
Handbook (FAA-H-8083-3A) procedures are maintained at all times.
If you have any questions on how to best use this syllabus, please call ASA directly at 1-800-ASA-2-FLY. We will be
happy to provide suggestions on how to tailor this syllabus to specifcally meet your training needs. Note to Instructors:
Answers to the Stage Exams are available to instructors by calling 1-800-ASA-2-FLY, or fax your request on letterhead
to 1-425-235-0128.
Photocopy this page, fll out coupon, and mail or fax to ASA.
Part 141 RegistrationPrivate Pilot
Complete this registration card and mail or fax to ASA to receive
information on changes to the 141 program. Let ASA help you stay current with
industry and regulatory changes which may affect your Part 141 curriculum.
This will be your mailing label, so please print clearly.
Fax or mail this coupon to:
Aviation Supplies & Academics, Inc.
7005 132nd Place SE
Newcastle, WA 98059-3153
(425) 235-0128
Name of Chief Flight Instructor, or person responsible for maintaining Part 141 certication
Name of Flight School
Address
City State Zip Phone Fax
( ) ( )
How many students per year earn their Private Pilot Certicate with your school?
Date you received Part 141 Certication Name of FSDO you worked with on your certication
Which textbooks and materials do you use for your Part 141 program?
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Do you also operate a Part 61 program? Yes No
If yes, which textbooks and materials do you use for your Part 61 program?
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Does this book satisfy your aviation needs? Yes No
If no, please explain:
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
General comments or suggestions:
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
07/07
Aviation Supplies & Academics, Inc. Private Pilot Syllabus vii
Private Pilot Minimum Course Hours
For Part 141, Appendix B Compliance
Page Dual Flight Solo Flight Dual Solo Dual Solo Instrument Ground
Cross- Cross- Night Night Instruction Instruction
Country Country
01 Stage 1
03 Module 1 1.0 2.0
04 Module 2 1.0 .3 2.0
05 Module 3 1.0 1.5
06 Module 4 1.0 .3 1.5
07 Module 5 1.0 + Stage 1.5 + Exam
Check .3
08 * Review 1.0 1.5
09 Stage 2
11 Module 1 1.0 .3 2.0
12 Module 2 1.0 2.0
13 Module 3 1.0 .3 1.5
14 Module 4 1.0 1.5
15 * Review 1.0 1.5
16 Module 5 .5 2.0 1.5 + Exam
18 Module 6 1.0 + Stage .3 2.0
Check
19 Stage 3
21 Module 1 1.0 1.0 .3 1.5
23 Module 2 1.0* 1.5
24 Module 3 2.0 2.0 .3 2.0
25 * Review 1.5 1.5 1.0
26 Module 4 2.0 2.0 1.0
27 Module 5 1.0 + Stage 6.0* 6.0* 1.5 + Exam
Check
29 Stage 4
31 Module 1 1.0 .3 1.5
32 Module 2 3.0 1.5 3.0 .3 2.0
33 Module 3 2.0* 2.0 2.0 1.5
34 Module 4 1.0* 1.5
35 * Review 1.0 1.5
Module 5 1.5 + Stage .3 2.0 + Exam
36 Check
TOTALS 5.0 3.5 3.0 2.0 3.3 35.0 +
10 optional Exams
* Reviews are not necessary to meet Part 141 compliance, and are not counted in the TOTALS for the program.
They are optional, and should be used if the student is not ready to move on to the next module.
14 CFR Part 141 requires 20 hours of dual flight, 5 hours of solo flight, and a total of 35 hours of flight time for the
Private Pilot Certificate. Those flights tagged with an asterisk (*) indicate the flights which may be conducted either
dual or solo, at the instructors discretion.
1 X/C more
than 100 NM,
3 points
20.0 + Stage
Checks 10
optional
These course hours are for student/instructor guidance only. They are a suggested time schedule which will ensure
minimum fight and ground training compliance with 14 CFR Part 141.
Note: Ground Instruction should include classroom discussion, and pre- and post-fight briefngs.
viii The Pilots Manual Series Private Pilot Syllabus
Aviation Supplies & Academics, Inc. Private Pilot Syllabus ix
Enrollment Certicate
his is to certify that
_______________________________________________________________
Student Name
is enrolled in the Federal Aviation Administration approved
Private Pilot Certication Course, conducted by
_______________________________________________________________
School and Certicate Number
______________________________ ______________________________
Chief Instructor Date of Enrollment
Graduation Certicate
his is to certify that
_______________________________________________________________
Pilot Name and Number
has satisfactorily completed each required stage of the approved
course of training including the tests for those stages, and has
received _____ hours of cross-country training.
_________________________________________ has graduated from the
Federal Aviation Administration approved Private Pilot
Certication Course conducted by
_______________________________________________________________
School and Certicate Number
______________________________ ______________________________
Chief Instructor Date of Graduation
x The Pilots Manual Series Private Pilot Syllabus
Aviation Supplies & Academics, Inc. Private Pilot Syllabus 1
Stage 1
Introduction to Flying
Objective
The objective of Stage 1 is for the student to become profcient in, and have an understanding of
the following:
Ground Training
Course objective
School requirements, procedures, regulations
Grading criteria
Forces acting on an airplane
Stability and control
Training airplane (airframe, engine, systems,
fight instruments)
Basic fight maneuvers
Flight information
Flight physiology
Regulations
Flight Training
Flight training process
Training airplane
Prefight
Special Emphasis Areas (per PTS)
Taxiing
Four basics of fight (straight and level, turns,
climbs, descents)
Use of sectional
Collision avoidance
Slow Flight
Stall series
Steep Turns
Instrument scan
Completion Standards
Stage 1 is complete when the student achieves the objective of each lesson, and can list or describe the
correct process or reference for accomplishing elements, exercises and activities. Student shall score at
least 80% on the Stage 1 Exam, and all defcient areas shall be reconciled to 100%. Student shall have
third-class medical and student pilot certifcate upon completion of this stage.
2 The Pilots Manual Series Private Pilot Syllabus
Aviation Supplies & Academics, Inc. Private Pilot Syllabus 3
Stage 1 / Module 1
Minimum 141 Requirements: Dual
1.0 hour fight
2.0 hours ground instruction
Stage 1 / Module 1
Date of Completion:
Signature:
Time Flown:
Ground Training
Objective:
For the student to be introduced to the Private Pilot Certifcation
program, and learn the fight school requirements, procedures,
regulations, and grading criteria. Student shall also become familiar
with stability, control, and the forces acting on an airplane.
Content:
____ Review of course and objectives
____ School requirements, procedures, regulations
____ Grading criteria, expectations of student
____ Review objective of Stage 1
The forces acting on an airplane
____ Weight
____ Lift ____ streamline/turbulent fow
____ Bernoullis Principle
____ dynamic/static pressure
____ airspeed
____ airfoil shape
____ aerodynamic force
____ pressure distribution and CP movement
____ Drag ____ total drag
____ parasite drag
____ skin-friction drag
____ form drag
____ interference drag
____ induced drag
____ angle-of-attack
____ wing design
____ lift/drag ratio
____ wing faps
____ leading-edge devices
____ spoilers
____ Thrust ____ propeller motion
____ forces on a propeller blade
____ propeller effciency
____ controllable-pitch propellers
____ takeoff effects of propellers
____ propeller torque effect
____ gyroscopic effect
____ P-factor
Stability and control
____ Stability ____ static/dynamic stability
____ stability vs. maneuverability
____ airplane equilibrium
____ pitching moments
____ longitudinal/directional/lateral stability
____ Control ____ elevator
____ ailerons
____ rudder
____ control effectiveness
Completion Standards:
This lesson is complete when the student has successfully completed
all review questions following the assigned reading.
Assignment:
Ground School, Chapters 1 and 2
Flight Training
Objective:
For the student to be introduced to and become familiarized with
prefight inspections, checklist operations, starting and taxi pro-
cedures, and the function and use of the airplane controls.
Content:
____ Prefight inspection and aircraft documents (certifcates and
documents, aircraft logbooks, airplane servicing)
____ Special Emphasis Area discussion (from PTS): positive
aircraft control, positive exchange of fight controls,
stall/spin awareness, collision avoidance, wake turbulence
avoidance, LAHSO, runway incursion avoidance,
controlled fight into terrain, aeronautical decision
making, checklist usage
____ Starting procedures
____ Taxi
____ Control effects on ground and in fight
____ Checklist introduction and use
____ Normal takeoff
____ Four Basics: straight and level, climbs, descents, turns
____ Collision avoidance procedures
____ Normal approach and landing
____ Postfight procedures
Completion Standards:
This lesson is complete when the student can conduct the prefight
with minimum assistance, properly use all checklists, start the
airplane, taxi, and operate the controls.
Recommended Reading:
Flight School
4 The Pilots Manual Series Private Pilot Syllabus
Stage 1 / Module 2
Date of Completion:
Signature:
Time Flown:
Ground Training
Objective:
For the student to have an understanding of the airplanes airframe,
engine, and system.
Content:
Airframe
____ Fuselage
____ Wings
____ Empennage
____ Flight controls
____ Landing gear
____ Engine and propeller
Engine
____ Description and principles
____ Four-stroke engine cycle
____ Ignition
____ Starter
____ Exhaust system
____ Carburetor
____ Accelerator pump
____ Idling system
____ Fuel/air mixture control
____ Abnormal combustion
____ detonation
____ preignition
____ Carburetor ice
____ impact ice
____ fuel ice
____ throttle ice
____ Carburetor heat
____ Fuel injection systems
Systems
____ Fuel system
____ Oil system
____ Cooling system
____ Electrical system
____ Vacuum system
Completion Standards:
This lesson is complete when the student has successfully completed
all review questions following the assigned reading.
Assignment:
Ground School, Chapters 4, 5, and 6
Flight Training
Objective:
For the student to become profcient with the four basics of fight:
straight and level, climbs, turns, and descents; and collision
avoidance procedures.
Content:
____ Prefight
____ Radio communications
____ Normal takeoff and climbout
____ Collision avoidance procedures
____ Climbs
____ Straight and level
____ Turns: 90, 180, 360 degrees, and turns to headings
____ Descents: with and without power and faps
____ Scanning procedures
____ Normal approach and landing
____ Postfight procedures
Completion Standards:
This lesson is complete when the student has an understanding of
the four basics of fight, and can maintain altitude within 200 feet,
airspeed within 20 knots, and heading within 20 degrees, while
performing the maneuvers listed in the content of this module.
Recommended Reading:
Flight School
Stage 1 / Module 2
Minimum 141 Requirements: Dual
1.0 hour fight,
0.3 instrument work
2.0 hours ground instruction

Aviation Supplies & Academics, Inc. Private Pilot Syllabus 5
Ground Training
Objective:
For the student to understand how to properly operate the engine,
and have an understanding of the fight instruments.
Content:
Engine operation
____ Starting the engine
____ Stopping the engine
____ Changing power setting with a constant-speed propeller
____ Engine handling
____ Rough running
____ Cross-checking engine instruments
____ Taxiing
____ Engine failure in fight
____ Engine fre in fight
____ Engine fre on startup
Flight instruments
____ Pressure Instruments
____ static pressure
____ dynamic pressure
____ total pressure
____ pitot-static system
____ airspeed indicator
____ altimeter
____ vertical speed indicator
____ Gyroscopic Instruments
____ turn coordinator/turn indicator
____ attitude indicator
____ heading indicator
____ Magnetic compass
Completion Standards:
This lesson is complete when the student has successfully completed
all review questions following the assigned reading.
Assignment:
Ground School, Chapters 6 and 7
Flight Training
Objective:
For the student to become profcient in postfight and trimming
procedures. The student will also be introduced to Slow Flight and
become oriented with the practice area.
Content:
____ Prefight
____ Use of sectional
____ Radio communications
____ Normal takeoff and departure
____ Review of four basics
____ Trimming
____ Outline of practice area and reference to airport
____ Slow Flight
____ Collision avoidance
____ Normal approach and landing
____ Postfight procedures
Completion Standards:
This lesson is complete when the student can maintain fight within
200 feet altitude, 20 degrees heading, and 20 knots airspeed, while
performing the maneuvers listed in the content of this module. Also
the student must be profcient in the art of trimming, postfight
operations, be oriented to the practice area and airport, and be
familiarized with Slow Flight.
Recommended Reading:
Flight School
Stage 1 / Module 3
Minimum 141 Requirements: Dual
1.0 hour fight
1.5 hours ground instruction
Stage 1 / Module 3
Date of Completion:
Signature:
Time Flown:
6 The Pilots Manual Series Private Pilot Syllabus
Ground Training
Objective:
For the student to gain knowledge of the basic fight maneuvers
required for the private pilot certifcate, and the tools available for
obtaining fight information.
Content:
Basic fight maneuvers
____ Straight-and-level
____ Climbing and descending
____ climbs
____ descent
____ Turning and load factor
____ Forces in a turn
____ thrust in a turn
____ steep turns
____ stalling in a turn
____ Stalling
____ awareness of the stall
____ recovery from the stall
____ factors affecting stall speed
____ stall warning devices
____ wing design and the stall
____ Spinning
____ spin entry
____ spins
____ spin recovery
Flight information
____ NOTAMs
____ Airport/Facility Directory
____ Aeronautical Information Manual
____ Federal Aviation Regulations
____ Pilot/Controller Glossary
____ Advisory Circulars
Completion Standards:
This lesson is complete when the student has successfully completed
all review questions following the assigned reading.
Assignment:
Ground School, Chapter 3
Flight Training
Objective:
For the student to become profcient in the use of sectionals, and to
be introduced to Power-on Stalls, Power-off Stalls, and Steep Turns.
Content:
____ Prefight
____ Radio communications
____ Normal takeoff and landing
____ Use of sectional
____ Collision avoidance procedures
____ Four basics
____ Steep Turns
____ Slow Flight
____ Power-on Stalls
____ Power-off Stalls
____ Normal approach and landing
____ Postfight procedures
Completion Standards:
This module is complete when the student can maintain fight
within 200 feet altitude, 20 degrees heading, 20 knots airspeed,
while performing the maneuvers listed in the content of this
module. The student must also be able to orient himself/herself with
use of the sectional, and be introduced to Power-on and Power-off
Stalls, and Steep Turns.
Recommended Reading:
Flight School
Stage 1 / Module 4
Minimum 141 Requirements: Dual
1.0 hour fight,
0.3 instrument work
1.5 hours ground instruction
Stage 1 / Module 4
Date of Completion:
Signature:
Time Flown:
Aviation Supplies & Academics, Inc. Private Pilot Syllabus 7
Flight Training
Objective:
For the student to be introduced to the instrument scan, and gain
profciency in Steep Turns, Slow Flight, and stalls. Student should
have third-class medical at the completion of this stage. For the
Stage Check, student should demonstrate skill in the following areas
according to the completion standards.
Content:
____ Verify medical and student pilot certifcate
____ Prefight
____ Radio communications
____ Normal takeoff and departure
____ Four basics
____ Steep Turns
____ Slow Flight
____ Power on/off Stalls
____ Spin awareness
____ Use of instrument scan
____ Collision avoidance
____ Use of sectional
____ Normal approach and landing
____ Postfight procedures
Completion Standards:
The student should be able to maintain fight within 150 feet
altitude, 15 degrees of heading, and 15 knots of airspeed, while
performing the maneuvers listed in the content of this module.
The student should be capable of demonstrating prefight, use of
checklists, taxiing, the four basics, trimming, Slow Flight, Power
on/off Stalls, Steep Turns, scanning, collision avoidance, and use of
sectional with minimum assistance by the fight instructor.
Recommended Reading:
Flight School
Private Pilot Test Prep, Chapters 1, 2, and 3
Stage 1 / Module 5 and
Stage Check
Minimum 141 Requirements: Dual
1.0 hour fight,
0.3 instrument work
Stage check
1.5 hours ground instruction
Stage exam
Ground Training
Objective:
For the student to understand the factors which affect the physiology
of fight, and to become familiar with the regulations which govern
the student and private pilot, and general aviation fight.
Content:
Flight physiology
____ Am I Fit to Fly?
____ physical ftness
____ mental ftness
____ medical checks
____ medication
____ upper respiratory tract problems
____ corrective lenses
____ food poisoning
____ alcohol
____ smoking
____ fatigue and sleep deprivation
____ blood donation
____ Low Temperatures
____ Respiration
____ increased altitude
____ hypoxia
____ carbon monoxide poisoning
____ hyperventilation
____ decompression sickness
____ Balance
____ sensing acceleration
____ inner ear balance mechanism
____ motion sickness
____ vertigo
____ spatial disorientation
____ sensory illusions
____ Vision
____ structure of the eye
____ adaptation of eyes to darkness
____ scanning for aircraft
____ visual illusions on approach
____ Discuss and obtain medical and student pilot certifcate
____ 14 CFR Part 1
____ 14 CFR Part 61
____ 14 CFR Part 91
____ NTSB 830
Completion Standards:
This lesson is complete when the student has successfully completed
all review questions following the assigned reading. Stage 1 Exam
must be passed with a minimum score of 80%, and reconciled to
100%.
Assignment:
Ground School, Chapters 12 and 19
Stage 1 Exam
Stage 1 / Module 5
Date of Completion:
Signature:
Time Flown:
Stage Exam Score:
Stage Check Successful:
8 The Pilots Manual Series Private Pilot Syllabus
Flight Training
Objective:
For the student to review all Stage 1 tasks and meet all objectives.
Content:
____ Prefight
____ Taxi
____ Checklist use
____ Radio communications
____ Normal takeoff and departure
____ Four basics
____ Steep Turns
____ Slow Flight
____ Power on/off Stalls
____ Use of instrument scan
____ Collision avoidance
____ Use of sectional
____ Normal approach and landing
____ Postfight procedures
Completion Standards:
The student should be able to maintain fight within 150 feet altitude,
15 degrees of heading, and 15 knots of airspeed, while performing
the maneuvers listed in the content of this module. The student
should have a practical understanding of prefight, checklists, taxiing,
the four basics, trimming, Slow Flight, Power on/off Stalls, Steep
Turns, scanning, collision avoidance, and use of sectional.
Recommended Reading:
Flight School
Lesson Time: Dual 1.0 hour fight, or whatever is necessary to
meet objective
1.5 hours ground instruction, or whatever is
necessary to meet objective
Optional Stage 1 Review
Optional Stage 1 Review
Date of Completion:
Signature:
Time Flown:
Aviation Supplies & Academics, Inc. Private Pilot Syllabus 9
Objective
The objective of Stage 2 is for the student to become profcient in, and to have an understanding of
the following:
Stage 2
Solo
Ground Training
Airplane performance factors
Operational weather concerns
Obtaining a weather briefng
Making the go-no go decision
Charts and airspace
Airports and airport operations
Visual navigation fundamentals
Using the fight computer
Weight and balance
Flight Training
Pre-solo maneuvers (per 14 CFR 61.87)
Traffc pattern operations
Emergency situations
Normal and crosswind takeoffs and landings
Solo fight
Completion Standards
Stage 2 is complete when the student achieves the objective of each lesson, and can list or describe the
correct process or reference for accomplishing elements, exercises and activities. Student shall score at
least 80% on the Stage 2 Pre-Solo Written Exam, and all defcient areas shall be reconciled to 100%.
10 The Pilots Manual Series Private Pilot Syllabus
Aviation Supplies & Academics, Inc. Private Pilot Syllabus 11
Ground Training
Objective:
For the student to have an understanding of the factors which affect
airplane performance, and a working knowledge of ground reference
maneuvers.
Content:
____ Review objective of Stage 2
Airplane performance factors
____ Airworthiness
____ registration certifcate
____ airworthiness certifcate
____ approved fight manual
____ maintenance
____ Airframe Limitations
____ weight limitations
____ speed limitations
____ fying in turbulence
____ load factor limitations
____ velocity/load factor or V-G diagram
____ Air Density
____ factors affecting air density
____ standard atmosphere
____ pressure altitude
____ temperature
____ density altitude
____ indicated airspeed and performance
____ Wind Drift
Ground Reference Maneuvers
____ Site selection
____ Wind direction and speed
____ Entry track
____ Altitude
____ Aircraft speed
____ Emergency operations
Completion Standards:
This lesson is complete when the student has successfully completed
all review questions following the assigned reading.
Assignment:
Ground School, Chapter 8
Stage 2 / Module 1
Flight Training
Objective:
For the student to be introduced to cockpit management, ATC light
signals, Rectangular Course, and to become profcient with radio
communications.
Content:
____ Prefight
____ Discussion of cockpit management and ATC light signals
____ Radio work
____ Normal takeoff and departure
____ Review of four basics (pitch + power = performance)
____ Steep Turns
____ Slow Flight
____ Power on/off Stalls
____ Rectangular Course
____ Normal approach and landing
____ Postfight procedures
Completion Standards:
This module is complete when the student can maintain fight within
150 feet, 15 degrees, and 15 knots, while performing the maneuvers
listed in the content of this module. The student must also be
capable of maintaining the radio, and be knowledgeable in ATC
light signals and cockpit management.
Recommended Reading:
Flight School
Minimum 141 Requirements: Dual
1.0 hour fight,
0.3 instrument work
2.0 hours ground instruction
Stage 2 / Module 1
Date of Completion:
Signature:
Time Flown:
12 The Pilots Manual Series Private Pilot Syllabus
Ground Training
Objective:
For the student to have an understanding of the operational weather
factors, and a practical understanding of obtaining a weather
briefng, and making the go-no go decision.
Content:
Operational weather factors
____ Icing
____ Structural icing
____ Clear ice
____ Rime ice
____ Mixed ice
____ Frost
____ Structural icing and cloud type
____ Induction icing
____ carburetor icing
____ engine intake icing
____ Instrument icing
____ Cold weather operations
____ Visibility
____ Particles in the air
____ Inversions and reduced visibility
____ Condensation
____ Fog
____ radiation fog
____ advection fog
____ upslope fog
____ frontal fog
____ steam fog
____ Turbulence
____ Clear air turbulence
____ Classifcation of turbulence
____ Windshear
____ Thunderstorms
____ Microbursts
____ Obtaining a weather briefng
____ Making the go-no go decision
Completion Standards:
This lesson is complete when the student has successfully completed
all review questions following the assigned reading.
Assignment:
Ground School, Chapter 17 and Chapter 18: Obtaining a Weather
Briefng (only)
Flight Training
Objective:
For the student to become profcient with traffc pattern operations,
and be introduced to S-turns, Turns Around a Point, and wake
turbulence avoidance.
Content:
____ Prefight
____ Obtain weather
____ Go-no go decision
____ Wake turbulence avoidance
____ Normal/crosswind takeoff and departure
____ Slow Flight
____ Power on/off Stalls
____ Steep Turns
____ Rectangular Course
____ S-turns
____ Turns Around a Point
____ Pattern work
____ Normal/crosswind approach and landing
____ Postfight procedures
Completion Standards:
This module is complete when the student can maintain fight
within 150 feet, 15 degrees, 15 knots, while performing the
maneuvers listed in the content of this module. Student must also
be able to enter and depart a normal traffc pattern, perform wake
turbulence avoidance, S-turns, and Turns Around a Point.
Recommended Reading:
Flight School
Stage 2 / Module 2
Minimum 141 Requirements: Dual
1.0 hour fight
2.0 hours ground instruction
Stage 2 / Module 2
Date of Completion:
Signature:
Time Flown:
Aviation Supplies & Academics, Inc. Private Pilot Syllabus 13
Ground Training
Objective:
For the student to have an understanding of aviation charts and the
airspace system, and a practical understanding of no-fap landings,
slips, aborted takeoffs, and rejected landings (go-arounds).
Content:
Charts
____ Sectional charts
____ VFR Terminal Area charts
Airspace
____ Class A
____ Class B
____ Class C
____ Class D
____ Class E
____ Class G
____ Special use airspace
____ Other airspace
Special Takeoffs and Landings
____ No-fap landing
____ Slips
____ Aborted takeoff
____ Rejected landing (go-around)
Completion Standards:
This lesson is complete when the student has successfully completed
all review questions following the assigned reading.
Assignment:
Ground School, Chapters 20 and 21
Flight Training
Objective:
For the student to become profcient with normal and crosswind
takeoffs and landings, and be introduced to go-around and aborted
takeoff procedures, and no fap or slips to landings.
Content:
____ Prefight
____ Obtain weather, go-no go decision
Pattern work
____ Normal and crosswind takeoffs
____ Normal and crosswind landings
____ Emergency approaches
____ No fap landing
____ Aborted takeoff (warn tower before starting)
____ Slips to landing
____ Go-around procedures
____ Postfight procedures
Completion Standards:
This module is complete when the student can operate profciently
in traffc patterns and can takeoff and land being the sole manipula-
tor of the controls.
Recommended Reading:
Flight School
Stage 2 / Module 3
Minimum 141 Requirements: Dual
1.0 hour fight,
0.3 instrument work
1.5 hours ground instruction
Stage 2 / Module 3
Date of Completion:
Signature:
Time Flown:
14 The Pilots Manual Series Private Pilot Syllabus
Ground Training
Objective:
For the student to become familiar with airports and airport operations.
Content:
Airports
____ Taxiway and runway markings
____ Airport lighting
Airport operations
____ ATIS
____ Taxiing
____ Standard traffc pattern
____ Legs of a traffc pattern
____ Wind effect in the traffc pattern
____ Departing the traffc pattern
____ Radio communications
____ Entering the traffc pattern
____ Airport Radar Services
____ TRSA radar service
____ basic radar service
____ traffc sequencing for pilots
____ full radar services
Completion Standards:
This lesson is complete when the student has successfully completed
all review questions following the assigned reading.
Assignment:
Ground School, Chapter 22
Stage 2 / Module 4
Flight Training
Objective:
For the student to become profcient in emergency situations,
including system and equipment malfunctions, forward slips to
landing, aborted takeoffs, and go-arounds.
Content:
____ Prefight
____ Discussion of pre-solo requirements (14 CFR 61.87)
____ Discussion of emergency equipment and survival gear
____ Slow Flight
____ Takeoff and departure stalls
____ Approach to landing stalls
____ Rectangular Course
____ Turns Around a Point
____ S-turns
____ Cruise emergency situations (system and equipment
malfunction)
____ Normal and crosswind takeoffs
____ Normal and crosswind landings
____ Slip to a landing
____ Aborted takeoff (warn tower before starting)
____ Go-arounds
____ Forced landings from practice area and pattern
____ Postfight procedures
Completion Standards:
This module is complete when the student can operate in emergency
situations in all phases of fight: cruise, takeoff, and landing.
Emergencies include: equipment and system malfunctions,
conditions forcing an aborted takeoff, and forced landings. Flight
in all phases must be within 100 feet, 10 degrees, 10 knots, and
coordination must be maintained at all times.
Recommended Reading:
Flight School
Minimum 141 Requirements: Dual
1.0 hour fight
1.5 hours ground instruction
Stage 2 / Module 4
Date of Completion:
Signature:
Time Flown:
Aviation Supplies & Academics, Inc. Private Pilot Syllabus 15
Flight Training
Objective:
For the student to gain profciency in all pre-solo maneuvers. Upon
completion of this fight, student will be ready to be signed off for
solo operations.
Content:
____ Discussion of pre-solo requirements
____ Normal/crosswind takeoff and landing
____ Pre-solo maneuvers (per 14 CFR 61.87)
____ Emergency situations
____ Student is sole manipulator of controls for entire fight
Completion Standards:
This module is complete when the student is comfortable with
all of the pre-solo maneuvers and can conduct all with minimum
assistance from the fight instructor. Flight must be maintained
within 100 feet, 10 degrees, 10 knots, and coordination must be
maintained.
Recommended Reading:
Flight School
Assignment:
Stage 2 Pre-Solo Written Exam
Optional Stage 2 Review
Lesson Time: Dual 1.0 hour fight, or whatever is necessary to
meet objective
1.5 hours ground instruction, or whatever is
necessary to meet objective
Optional Stage 2 Review
Date of Completion:
Signature:
Time Flown:
16 The Pilots Manual Series Private Pilot Syllabus
Ground Training
Objective:
For the student to become profcient in the fundamentals of visual
navigation. Student must also have an understanding of the pre-solo
requirements, and demonstrate that knowledge through a pre-solo
written exam.
Content:
Visual navigation fundamentals
____ Pilotage
____ Dead reckoning
____ Radio navigation
____ Course
____ Heading
____ True airspeed
____ Wind velocity/direction
____ Ground track/Ground speed
____ Drift/Wind correction angle
____ Tracking error
____ Latitude/Longitude
____ Nautical mile
____ Knot
____ Altitude/Flight level
____ VFR cruise altitude
____ Minimum safe altitude
____ Standard/Local time
____ UTC/Zulu time
____ Daylight time
____ Dateline
Completion Standards:
This lesson is complete when the student has successfully com-
pleted all review questions following the assigned reading. Stage 2
Exam must be passed with a minimum score of 80%, and reconciled
to 100%.
Assignment:
Ground School, Chapter 23
Ensure Stage 2 Pre-Solo Written Exam is completed and graded.
Flight Training
Objective:
For the student to be signed off for solo work. The suggestion is to
conduct this module in three fights: (A) dual fight, (B) supervised
solo, and (C) solo session.
Content:
Flight A (Dual)
____ Prefight
____ Review of pre-solo maneuvers
____ Normal/crosswind takeoff and landing
____ Emergency situations
____ Student is sole manipulator of controls for entire fight
____ Postfight
Flight B (Supervised Solo)
Pattern work
____ Instructor endorsement
____ Prefight
____ 10 takeoffs and landings
____ Radio work
____ Slips to landing
____ Emergency go-arounds
____ Postfight
Flight C (Solo)
____ Prefight
____ Normal/crosswind takeoffs and landings (3)
____ Slow Flight
____ Power on/off Stalls
____ Steep Turns
____ Rectangular Course
____ S-turns
____ Turns Around a Point
____ Pilotage/dead reckoning back to airport
____ Postfight
Completion Standards:
This module is complete when the student is signed off for solo
work, and the student has conducted two solo fights one fight
strictly in the pattern, perfecting takeoffs and landings, and one
practicing all the private maneuvers. Flight must be maintained
within 100 feet, 10 degrees, 10 knots, and coordination maintained,
while performing the maneuvers listed in the content of this module.
Recommended Reading:
Flight School
Stage 2 / Module 5
Minimum 141 Requirements: Dual 0.5 hour fight
Solo 2.0 hours fight
1.5 hours ground instruction
Stage exam (pre-solo written)
Stage 2 / Module 5
Date of Completion:
Signature:
Time Flown:
Stage Exam Score:
Aviation Supplies & Academics, Inc. Private Pilot Syllabus 17
Instructor Note: Follow the formats below when signing-off endorsements for your students. (From AC 61-65E)
1. Endorsement for pre-solo aeronautical knowledge: 14 CFR 61.87(b)
I certify that ___________________ (First name, MI, Last name) has satisfactorily completed the pre-solo
knowledge exam of 61.87(b) for the ____________________ (make and model aircraft).
[date] J. Jones 654321 CFI [expiration date]
2. Endorsement for pre-solo ight training: 14 CFR 61.87(c)
I certify that ____________________ (First name, MI, Last name) has received the required pre-solo training
in a ____________________ (make and model aircraft). I have determined he/she has demonstrated the prof-
ciency of 61.87(d) and is profcient to make solo fights in ____________________ (make and model aircraft).
[date] J. Jones 654321 CFI [expiration date]
3. Endorsement for solo (each additional 90-day period): 14 CFR 61.87(p)
I certify that ____________________ (First name, MI, Last name) has received the required training to qualify
for solo fying. I have determined he/she meets the applicable requirements of 61.87(p) and is profcient to
make solo fights in ____________________ (make and model aircraft).
[date] J. Jones 654321 CFI [expiration date]
4. Endorsement for solo ight in the Class B airspace: 14 CFR 61.95(a)
I certify that ____________________ (First name, MI, Last name) has received the training required by
61.95(a). I have determined he/she is profcient to conduct solo fights in ____________________ (name of
Class B) airspace. (List any applicable conditions or limitations.)
[date] J. Jones 654321 CFI [expiration date]
5. Endorsement for solo ight to, from, or at an airport located within Class B airspace:
14 CFR 61.95(a) and 91.131(b)(1)
I certify that ____________________ (First name, MI, Last name) has received the required training of
61.95(a)(1). I have determined that he/she is profcient to conduct solo fight operations at ________________
______________ (name of airport). (List any applicable conditions or limitations.)
[date] J. Jones 654321 CFI [expiration date]
Reminder: Instructor will need to endorse student pilot certifcate.
18 The Pilots Manual Series Private Pilot Syllabus
Ground Training
Objective:
For the student to have a practical understanding of using the fight
computer and calculating weight and balance.
Content:
Using the fight computer
____ Calculator side
____ Wind side
____ Finding TAS
____ Finding/Determining heading and groundspeed
____ Finding the time en route and fuel requirements
____ Speed-Time-Distance problems
____ Fuel consumption problems
____ Finding wind components
____ Conversions
Weight and balance
____ Weight
____ empty weight
____ gross weight
____ Balance
____ moment of a force
____ fnding CG
____ airplane datums
____ effect of CG on airplane handling
____ Weight and Balance calculations
____ fnding the CG
____ graphical/tabular presentation of weight-and-
balance data
____ weight-shift calculations
____ weight-change calculations
____ CG movement
____ Review cross-country fight requirements
(per 14 CFR 61.93)
Completion Standards:
This lesson is complete when the student has successfully completed
all review questions following the assigned reading.
Assignment:
Ground School, Chapters 11 and 24
Stage 2 / Module 6 and
Stage Check
Flight Training
Objective:
For the student to experience takeoffs at V
X
and V
Y
, and to experi-
ence short-feld takeoffs and landings. The student should also gain
knowledge and experience in radio navigation and instrument work.
For the Stage Check, student should demonstrate skill in the follow-
ing areas according to the completion standards.
Content:
____ Discussion of radio navigation
____ Prefight
____ V
X
and V
Y
takeoffs and landings
____ Four basics under the hood
____ Slow Flight
____ Stalls (power on/off)
____ Steep Turns
____ Ground reference maneuvers
____ Radio navigation
____ Short-feld takeoffs and landings
____ Postfight procedures
Completion Standards:
This module is complete when the student can fy takeoffs and
landings at V
X
and V
Y
, perform short-feld takeoffs and landings,
navigate with radio facilities (VOR), and perform the four basics
in instrument conditions (under the hood). Flight should be within
150 feet, 15 degrees, and 15 knots, while performing the maneuvers
listed in the content of this module. Student should demonstrate
pre-solo maneuvers without instructor assistance.
Recommended Reading:
Flight School
Private Pilot Test Prep, Chapters 4, 5, and 12
Minimum 141 Requirements: Dual
1.0 hour fight,
0.3 instrument work
Stage check
2.0 hours ground instruction
Stage 2 / Module 6
Date of Completion:
Signature:
Time Flown:
Stage Check Successful:
Aviation Supplies & Academics, Inc. Private Pilot Syllabus 19
Objective
The objective of Stage 3 is for the student to gain knowledge and experience in the following:
Stage 3
Cross-Country Flight
Ground Training
Takeoff performance
Landing performance
Enroute performance
Flight planning
Radio navigation: VOR, ADF, radar,
transponder, DME, RNAV, VDF
Enroute navigation
Flight Training
Pre-cross-country maneuvers
(per 14 CFR 61.93)
Cross-country fight planning
The required dual and solo cross-country time
Completion Standards
Stage 3 is complete when the student achieves the objective of each lesson, and can list or describe the
correct process or reference for accomplishing elements, exercises and activities. Student shall score at
least 80% on the Stage 3 Exam, and all defcient areas shall be reconciled to 100%.
20 The Pilots Manual Series Private Pilot Syllabus
Aviation Supplies & Academics, Inc. Private Pilot Syllabus 21
Ground Training
Objective:
For the student to have a practical understanding of takeoff, landing,
and enroute performance.
Content:
____ Review objective of Stage 3
Takeoff performance
____ Factors affecting takeoff performance
____ weight
____ increased takeoff speed
____ air density
____ head/tail winds
____ crosswinds
____ runway surface/slope
____ faps
____ Takeoff distance graph/table
Landing performance
____ Factors affecting landing performance
____ weight
____ air density
____ effect of wind
____ runway surface/slope
____ faps
____ fast approach speeds
____ Landing distance graph/table
____ Wake Turbulence
____ Ground Effect
____ Windshear
____ Taxiing
Enroute performance
____ Cruise altitude
____ Power setting
____ Fuel consumption/requirements
____ Effects of wind
Completion Standards:
This lesson is complete when the student has successfully completed
all review questions following the assigned reading.
Assignment:
Ground School, Chapters 9 and 10
Flight Training
Objective:
For the student to become profcient in radio navigation, and to
become competent to perform at satellite airports. The student will
also gain experience in soft-feld techniques, and gain profciency in
instrument work and lost procedures.
Content:
Flight A (Dual)
____ Prefight
____ Crosswind takeoffs and landings
____ Short-feld takeoffs and landings
____ Soft-feld takeoffs and landings
____ Pilotage to another airport/Diversion
Instrument
____ Four basics
____ Constant airspeed climbs
____ Constant airspeed descents
____ Turns to headings
____ Slow Flight
____ Stalls
____ Radio navigation
____ Lost procedures
____ Postfight procedures
Flight B (Solo)
____ Instructor endorsement
____ Prefight
____ Pilotage and radio navigation to satellite airport
____ Crosswind takeoffs and landings
____ Short-feld takeoffs and landings
____ Soft-feld takeoffs and landings
____ Postfight
Completion Standards:
This module is complete when the student can perform soft-feld
techniques, navigate by pilotage, fy to an assigned diversion, and
fy at Slow Flight in instrument conditions. Flight should be within
100 feet, 10 degrees, and 10 knots, while performing the maneuvers
listed in the content of this module. Landings should be within 200
feet of chosen point of landing.
Recommended Reading:
Flight School
Stage 3 / Module 1
Minimum 141 Requirements: Dual 1.0 hour fight,
0.3 instrument work
Solo 1.0 hour fight
1.5 hours ground instruction

Stage 3 / Module 1
Date of Completion:
Signature:
Time Flown:
22 The Pilots Manual Series Private Pilot Syllabus
Instructor Note: Follow the format below when signing-off the endorsement for your students. (From AC 61-65E)
Endorsement for solo landings and takeoffs at another airport within 25 NM: 14 CFR 61.93(b)(1)
I certify that ____________________ (First name, MI, Last name) has received the required training of
61.93(b)(1). I have determined that he/she is profcient to practice solo takeoffs and landings at __________
________________ (airport name). The takeoffs and landings at ____________________ (airport name) are
subject to the following conditions: ____________________ (List any applicable conditions or limitations.)

[date] J. Jones 654321 CFI [expiration date]

Aviation Supplies & Academics, Inc. Private Pilot Syllabus 23
Ground Training
Objective:
For the student to have a practical understanding of fight planning,
and a working knowledge of weather in preparation for solo cross-
country fight.
Content:
____ Flight planning
____ Personal navigation equipment
____ Weather and operational considerations
____ Prefight planning
____ altitude
____ courses and distances
____ speed, time and heading calculations
____ completing the fightlog
____ fuel calculations
____ weight-and-balance
____ takeoff and landing performance
____ The fight plan form
____ Airplane documentation and preparation for fight
____ Right-of-way rules
____ Weather discussion
____ Clouds
____ Thunderstorms
____ Air masses
____ Frontal weather
____ Low- and high-pressure systems
____ Weather reports
____ Weather forecasts
Completion Standards:
This lesson is complete when the student has successfully completed
all review questions following the assigned reading.
Assignment:
Ground School, Chapter 25
Stage 3 / Module 2
Flight Training
Objective:
For the student to gain knowledge and experience in private
maneuvers, specialty takeoffs and landings. Student shall become
profcient at fying to satellite airports.
Content:
____ Prefight
____ Crosswind takeoffs and landings
____ Short-feld takeoffs and landings
____ Soft-feld takeoffs and landings
____ Navigation to satellite airport
____ Steep Turns
____ Slow Flight
____ Stalls
____ Ground reference maneuvers
____ Postfight
Completion Standards:
This module is complete when the student can fy within 100 feet,
10 degrees, and 10 knots, while performing the maneuvers listed in
the content of this module.
Recommended Reading:
Flight School
Minimum 141 Requirements: * Solo
1.0 hour fight
1.5 hours ground instruction
* Flight can be conducted dual
or solo at the instructors
discretion.
Stage 3 / Module 2
Date of Completion:
Signature:
Time Flown:
24 The Pilots Manual Series Private Pilot Syllabus
Ground Training
Objective:
For the student to have a practical understanding of radio navigation
using the VOR.
Content:
Navigation aids
____ VOR
____ VOR/DME, TACAN and VORTAC
____ Course deviation indicator
____ TO/FROM arrow
____ Radio magnetic indicator (RMI)
____ Horizontal situation indicator (HSI)
____ VOR receiver check
____ Orientation
____ Intercepting course
____ Tracking
Completion Standards:
This lesson is complete when the student has successfully completed
all review questions following the assigned reading.
Assignment:
Ground School, Chapter 27
Flight Training
Objective:
For the student to become competent at performing cross-country
duties. Student should also gain experience in instrument fight at
unusual attitudes.
Content:
____ Cross-country discussion
____ Plotting course
____ Flightlog
____ Weather
____ Filing fight plan
____ Flight computer
____ Prefight
____ Cross-country fight
____ Use of fightlog
____ Navigation
____ Radio communications
____ Instrument unusual attitudes
____ Short-feld takeoffs and landings
____ Soft-feld takeoffs and landings
____ Postfight
Completion Standards:
This module is complete when the student is competent to conduct
solo cross-country operations. Flight must be within 200 feet,
15 degrees, and 10 knots, and coordination maintained at all times.
Cross-country operations must be within 5 minutes of ETA and
3 NM of route.
Recommended Reading:
Flight School
Minimum 141 Requirements: Dual, Cross-Country
2.0 hours fight,
0.3 instrument work
2.0 hours ground instruction
Stage 3 / Module 3
Stage 3 / Module 3
Date of Completion:
Signature:
Time Flown:
Aviation Supplies & Academics, Inc. Private Pilot Syllabus 25
Optional Stage 3 Review
Flight Training
Objective:
For the student to become competent at performing cross-country
duties. Student should also gain experience in instrument fight at
unusual attitudes.
Content:
____ Cross-country discussion
____ Plotting course
____ Flightlog
____ Weather
____ Filing fight plan
____ Flight computer
____ Prefight
____ Cross-country fight
____ Flightlog use
____ Navigation
____ Radio communications
____ Instrument unusual attitudes
____ Short-feld takeoffs and landings
____ Soft-feld takeoffs and landings
____ Postfight
Completion Standards:
This module is complete when the student is competent to conduct
solo cross-country operations. Flight must be within 200 feet,
15 degrees, and 10 knots, and coordination maintained at all times.
Cross-country operations must be within 5 minutes of ETA and
3 NM of route.
Recommended Reading:
Flight School
Lesson Time: Dual, Cross-Country
1.5 hours fight, or whatever is necessary to meet
objective
1.0 hour ground instruction, or whatever is
necessary to meet objective
Optional Stage 3 Review
Date of Completion:
Signature:
Time Flown:
26 The Pilots Manual Series Private Pilot Syllabus
Stage 3 / Module 4
Minimum 141 Requirements: Solo Cross-Country
2.0 hours fight
1.0 hour ground instruction
Flight Training
Objective:
For the student to gain the required experience in solo cross-country
operations. Flight must be at least 100 NM, with landings at a
minimum of three points.
Content:
____ Cross-country planning
____ Instructor endorsement
____ Prefight
____ VOR and/or ADF Navigation
____ Pilotage
____ Dead Reckoning
____ Flightlog kept throughout fight
____ At least one landing more than 50 NM from departure airport
____ Postfight
Completion Standards:
This module is complete when the student can maintain fight
coordinated and within 200 feet, 15 degrees, and 10 knots, at all
times. Cross-country should be fown within 3 NM of the planned
route at all times, and arrive at the en route checkpoints and
destinations within 5 minutes of the initial or revised ETA.
Recommended Reading:
Flight School
Stage 3 / Module 4
Date of Completion:
Signature:
Time Flown:
Ground Training
Objective:
For the student to gain a practical understanding of radio navigation
including ADF, Radar, the Transponder, DME, RNAV, and VDF.
Content:
Navigation aids
____ NDB and ADF
____ ADF and heading indicator
____ NDB range, accuracy, identifcation
____ ADF control panel
____ ADF relative bearing indicator (RBI)
____ ADF radio magnetic indicator
____ orientation
____ intercepting course
____ tracking
____ Radar
____ Transponder
____ DME
____ RNAV Area Navigation
____ LORAN-C
____ GPS
____ VHF Direction Finding
Completion Standards:
This lesson is complete when the student has successfully completed
all review questions following the assigned reading.
Assignment:
Ground School, Chapter 27
Aviation Supplies & Academics, Inc. Private Pilot Syllabus 27
Stage 3 / Module 5 and
Stage Check
Minimum 141 Requirements: Dual 1.0 hour fight
* Solo: Cross-country
6 hrs fight
Stage check
1.5 hours ground instruction
Stage exam
* Flight can be conducted dual
or solo at the instructors
discretion.
Stage 3 / Module 5
Date of Completion:
Signature:
Time Flown:
Stage Exam Score:
Stage Check Successful:
Flight Training
Objective:
For the student to gain experience in solo cross-country operations.
For the Stage Check, student should demonstrate skill in the
following areas according to the completion standards.
Content:
Flight A (Dual, Local, 1.0 hour)
____ Prefight
____ Normal takeoff and landing
____ Slow Flight
____ Stall series
____ Steep Turns
____ Ground reference maneuvers
____ VOR and/or ADF Navigation
____ Pilotage
____ Dead Reckoning
____ Postfight
Flight B (Solo Cross-Country, 2.0 hours)*
____ Cross-country planning
____ Instructor endorsement
____ Prefight
____ VOR and/or ADF Navigation
____ Pilotage
____ Dead Reckoning
____ Flightlog kept throughout fight
____ At least one landing more than 50 NM from departure airport
____ Postfight
Flight C (Solo Cross-Country, 4.0 hours)*
____ Cross-country planning
____ Instructor endorsement
____ Prefight
____ VOR and/or ADF Navigation
____ Pilotage
____ Dead Reckoning
____ Flightlog kept throughout fight
____ Postfight
Completion Standards:
Flight should be coordinated and within 200 feet, 15 degrees, 10
knots, at all times, and cross-countries should be fown within 3 NM
of the planned route at all times, and arrive at the en route check-
points and destinations within 5 minutes of the initial or revised
ETA.
Recommended Reading:
Flight School
Private Pilot Test Prep, Chapters 9, 10, and 11
Ground Training
Objective:
For the student to gain an understanding of enroute navigation.
Content:
Enroute navigation
____ Compensating for wind effect
____ Departure from an airport
____ Cruise
____ map-reading in fight
____ chart orientation in the airplane
____ log keeping
____ Navigation techniques
____ groundspeed checks
____ heading corrections
____ Diversions
____ en route diversions
____ diversions to an alternate airport
____ Lost procedures
____ Emergency Locator Transmitter (ELT)
Completion Standards:
This lesson is complete when the student has successfully
completed all review questions following the assigned reading.
Stage 3 Exam must be passed with a minimum score of 80%, and
reconciled to 100%.
Assignment:
Ground School, Chapter 26
Stage 3 Exam
28 The Pilots Manual Series Private Pilot Syllabus
Instructor Note: Follow the format below when signing-off the endorsement for your students. (From AC 61-65E)
1. Endorsement for initial solo-country ight: 14 CFR 61.93(c)(1)
I certify that ____________________ (First name, MI, Last name) has received the required solo cross-
country training. I fnd he/she has met the applicable requirements of 61.93, and is profcient to make solo
cross-country fights in a ____________________ (make and model aircraft).
[date] J. Jones 654321 CFI [expiration date]

Reminder: Instructor needs to endorse the student pilot certifcate also, stating category only.
2. Endorsement for each solo cross-country ight: 14 CFR 61.93(c)(2)
I have reviewed the cross-country planning of ____________________ (First name, MI, Last name).
I fnd the planning and preparation to be correct to make the solo fight from ____________________
(location) to ____________________ (destination) via ____________________ (route of fight) with
landings at ____________________ (name the airports) in a ____________________ (make and model
aircraft) on ____________________ (date). (List any applicable conditions or limitations.)
[date] J. Jones 654321 CFI [expiration date]
3. Endorsement for repeated solo cross-country ights not more than 50 NM from the point of
departure: 14 CFR 61.93(b)(2)
I certify that ____________________ (First name, MI, Last name) has received the required training in both
directions between and at both ________________________________________ (airport names). I have
determined he/she is profcient of 61.93(b)(2) to conduct repeated solo cross-country fights over that route,
subject to the following conditions: ____________________ (list applicable conditions).
[date] J. Jones 654321 CFI [expiration date]
Aviation Supplies & Academics, Inc. Private Pilot Syllabus 29
Stage 4
Prep for Checkride
Objective
The objective of Stage 4 is for the student to gain knowledge and experience in the following:
Ground Training
Heating effects in the atmosphere
Wind
Clouds and thunderstorms
Air masses and frontal weather
Weather reports and forecasts
Private Practical Test Standards (PTS)
Prep for checkride (oral)
Take and pass the FAA Knowledge Exam
Flight Training
The experience and knowledge required by
the Private License
Review all Private maneuvers, performed
according to PTS
Sign-off for the Private Checkride
Completion Standards
Stage 4 is complete when the student achieves the objective of each lesson, and can list or describe the
correct process or reference for accomplishing elements, exercises and activities. Student shall score at
least 80% on the Stage 4 Exam, and all defcient areas shall be reconciled to 100%. Students must take and
pass the FAA Private Knowledge Exam. At the completion of this stage, student is signed off to take the
Private Pilot checkride.
30 The Pilots Manual Series Private Pilot Syllabus
Aviation Supplies & Academics, Inc. Private Pilot Syllabus 31
Stage 4 / Module 1
Minimum 141 Requirements: Dual
1.0 hour fight,
0.3 instrument work
1.5 hours ground instruction

Stage 4 / Module 1
Date of Completion:
Signature:
Time Flown:
Ground Training
Objective:
For the student to have an understanding of wind and the heating
effects in the atmosphere.
Content:
____ Review objective of Stage 4
The atmosphere
____ Air density
____ Subdivision of the atmosphere
____ Gases in air
____ Standard atmosphere
Heat exchange processes
____ The sun
____ Terrestrial re-radiation
____ General circulation
____ Local heating and cooling
____ Local air movements
____ Temperature inversions
Wind
____ Coriolis effect
____ Geostrophic wind
____ Gradient wind
____ Surface wind
____ Wind in the tropics
Completion Standards:
This lesson is complete when the student has successfully completed
all review questions following the assigned reading.
Assignment:
Ground School, Chapters 13 and 14
Flight Training
Objective:
For the student to become profcient in hood work, Slow Flight and
stalls with distractions, and spin awareness.
Content:
____ Prefight
____ Slow Flight
____ Power on/off Stalls
____ Spin awareness training
____ Steep Turns
Hood work
____ Four basics
____ Slow Flight
____ Stalls
____ Use of radios and navaids
____ Ground reference maneuvers
____ Short-feld takeoffs and landings
____ Soft-feld takeoffs and landings
____ Postfight
Completion Standards:
This module is complete when the student is within Private PTS at
all times.
Recommended Reading:
Flight School
32 The Pilots Manual Series Private Pilot Syllabus
Ground Training
Objective:
For the student to have an understanding of air masses, frontal
weather, clouds, and thunderstorms.
Content:
Clouds
____ Naming of clouds
____ Moisture in the atmosphere
____ Adiabatic processes
____ Formation of clouds
____ the Foehn (or Chinook) wind effect
____ clouds formed by turbulence and mixing
____ clouds formed by widespread ascent
____ Precipitation from clouds
Thunderstorms
____ Three necessary conditions
____ instability
____ moisture
____ lifting force
____ Life cycle
____ cumulus stage
____ mature stage
____ dissipating stage
____ Severe thunderstorms
____ Embedded thunderstorms
____ Danger of thunderstorms
____ icing
____ hailstones
____ lightning strikes
____ turbulence
____ downbursts and microbursts
____ tornadoes and water spouts
Air masses
____ Origin and path
____ Divergence or convergence
Frontal weather
____ Warm front
____ Cold front
____ Occluded front
____ Stationary front
____ Development and decay of fronts
____ Depressions areas of low pressure
____ Anticyclones areas of high pressure
____ Review night fying regulations
Completion Standards:
This lesson is complete when the student has successfully completed
all review questions following the assigned reading.
Assignment:
Ground School, Chapters 15 and 16
Flight Training
Objective:
For the student to gain experience in night fying operations,
including hood work, and cross-country.
Content:
Flight A (Night, Local, 1.5 hours)
____ Weather briefng
____ Night prefight inspection
____ Night navigation
____ Area orientation
____ Steep Turns
____ Slow Flight
____ Stalls (Power on/off)
____ Instrument work
____ Emergency situations and landings
____ Go-arounds
____ Takeoffs and landings (10, with and without panel and
landing lights)
____ Postfight
Flight B (Night, Cross-Country, 1.5 hours)
Flight must be more than 100NM total distance.
____ Plotting course
____ Preparation of fightlog
____ Flight plan
____ Weather briefng
____ Night prefight inspection
____ Cross-country
____ Instrument work
____ Emergency situation and landing
____ Postfight
Completion Standards:
This module is complete when the student has the required 3 hours
of dual night training, 10 takeoffs and landings, and completed
the >100 NM dual cross-country fight. Landings should be within
400 feet of a specifed point. Flight should be within 100 feet, 10
degrees, and 10 knots, while performing the maneuvers listed in the
content of this module.
Recommended Reading:
Flight School
Minimum 141 Requirements: Dual: Night Local 1.5 hrs fight,
0.3 instrument work
Dual: Night Cross-Country
1.5 hours fight
(more than 100 NM)
2.0 hours ground instruction
Stage 4 / Module 2
Stage 4 / Module 2
Date of Completion:
Signature:
Time Flown:
Aviation Supplies & Academics, Inc. Private Pilot Syllabus 33
Ground Training
Objective:
For the student to have a practical understanding of weather reports
and forecasts.
Content:
Weather reports
____ Weather depiction chart
____ Surface analysis chart
____ Radar summary chart
____ METAR
____ Pilot weather reports (PIREPs)
Weather forecasts
____ Low-level signifcant weather prognostic charts
____ Terminal Aerodrome forecast (TAF)
____ Aviation Area forecast (FA)
____ TWEB Route forecast
____ Weather advisories
____ AIRMETs (WA)
____ SIGMETs (WS)
____ Convective SIGMETs (WST)
____ Center Weather Advisories (CWA)
____ VFR not recommended
____ Convective outlook
____ Winds and temperature aloft forecast (FD)
____ Severe weather outlook charts (AC)
Staying informed in the air
____ EFAS
____ TWEB
____ SIGMET
____ AIRMET
____ HIWAS
____ ATIS
____ AWOS
____ ASOS
Completion Standards:
This lesson is complete when the student has successfully completed
all review questions following the assigned reading.
Assignment:
Ground School, Chapter 18
Flight Training
Objective:
For the student to gain experience in solo, night, and cross-country
operations.
Content:
____ Plotting course
____ Flightlog
____ Instructor endorsement
____ Prefight
____ Filing fight plan (round robin)
____ Night fight operations
____ Cross-country fying
____ Postfight
Completion Standards:
This module is complete when the student has gained profciency
in night and cross-country operations.
Recommended Reading:
Flight School
Stage 4 / Module 3
Minimum 141 Requirements: * Solo: Cross-Country, Night
2.0 hours fight
1.5 hours ground instruction
* Flight can be conducted dual
or solo, at instructors
discretion.
Stage 4 / Module 3
Date of Completion:
Signature:
Time Flown:

34 The Pilots Manual Series Private Pilot Syllabus
Ground Training
Objective:
For the student to gain complete profciency in all areas included in
the Private Practical Test Standards.
Content:
____ Review the Private Practical Test Standards (PTS)
Assignment:
Review the Private Practical Test Standards (PTS)
Stage 4 / Module 4
Minimum 141 Requirements: *Solo
1.0 hour fight
1.5 hours ground instruction
* Flight can be conducted dual
or solo, at instructors
discretion.
Stage 4 / Module 4
Date of Completion:
Signature:
Time Flown:
Flight Training
Objective:
For the student to become profcient in all private maneuvers, in
preparation for the checkride.
Content:
____ Prefight
____ Slow Flight
____ Steep Turns
____ Stalls (Power on/off)
____ VOR radial interception and orientation
____ S-turns
____ Turns Around a Point
____ Rectangular Course
____ Emergency landings
____ Short-feld takeoffs and landings
____ Soft-feld takeoffs and landings
____ Crosswind takeoffs and landings
____ Slips to landings
____ Postfight
Completion Standards:
This module is complete when all the private maneuvers are
completed according to PTS.
Recommended Reading:
Flight School
Aviation Supplies & Academics, Inc. Private Pilot Syllabus 35
Flight Training
Objective:
For the student to become profcient in all private maneuvers, in
preparation for the checkride.
Content:
____ Prefight
____ Slow Flight
____ Steep Turns
____ Stalls (Power on/off)
____ VOR radial interception and orientation
____ S-turns
____ Turns Around a Point
____ Rectangular Course
____ Emergency landings
____ Short-feld takeoffs and landings
____ Soft-feld takeoffs and landings
____ Crosswind takeoffs and landings
____ Slips to landings
____ Postfight
Completion Standards:
This module is complete when all the private maneuvers are
completed according to PTS.
Recommended Reading:
Flight School
Lesson Time: Dual 1.0 hour fight, or whatever is necessary to
meet objective.
1.5 hours ground instruction, or whatever is
necessary to meet objective.
Optional Stage 4 Review
Optional Stage 4 Review
Date of Completion:
Signature:
Time Flown:
36 The Pilots Manual Series Private Pilot Syllabus
Flight Training
Objective:
For the student to become competent to pass the private pilot
checkride. For the Stage Check, student should demonstrate skill in
the following areas according to the completion standards.
Content:
____ Weather briefng current, forecast, winds, go-no go decision
____ Weight and Balance
____ Aircraft paperwork
____ Cross-country planning
____ Prefight
____ Starting procedures
____ Taxi
____ Run-up
____ Climb out at V
X
and V
Y
____ Cross-country fying
____ Instrument work: four basics, Slow Flight, stalls, unusual
attitudes
____ Slow Flight
____ Stalls (Power on/off)
____ Spin awareness and avoidance
____ Steep Turns
____ Emergency situations/landings
____ Turns Around a Point
____ S-turns
____ Rectangular Course
____ Soft-feld takeoffs and landings
____ Short-feld takeoffs and landings
____ Crosswind takeoffs and landings
____ Forward slips to landing
____ Radio work nav and com
____ Postfight procedures
Completion Standards:
This module is complete when all the maneuvers and aeronautical
knowledge are demonstrated according to the PTS.
Recommended Reading:
Flight School
Private Pilot Test Prep, Chapters 6, 7, and 8
Minimum 141 Requirements: Dual, 1.5 hours fight,
0.3 instrument work
Stage check
2.0 hours ground instruction
Stage exam
Stage 4 / Module 5 and
Stage Check
Ground Training
Objective:
For the student to take and pass the FAA Private Pilot Knowledge
Exam, and become profcient in all areas required for the private
oral exam portion of the checkride.
Content:
____ Review all private pilot subject matter from the Private
Practical Test Standards
____ Suggested review material: Private Oral Exam Guide
Completion Standards:
Stage 4 Exam must be passed with a minimum passing score of
80%, and reconciled to 100%.
Assignment:
Suggested reading: review Private Oral Exam Guide
Stage 4 Exam
FAA Private Pilot Knowledge Exam
Stage 4 / Module 5
Date of Completion:
Signature:
Time Flown:
Stage Exam Score:
Stage Check Successful:
Aviation Supplies & Academics, Inc. Private Pilot Syllabus 37
1. Endorsement for aeronautical knowledge: 14 CFR 61.35(a)(1), 61.103(d), and 61.105
I certify that ____________________ (First name, MI, Last name) has received the required training in
accordance with 61.105. I have determined he/she is prepared for the Private Pilot Airplane Knowledge
Exam.
[date] J. Jones 654321 CFI [expiration date]

2. Endorsement for ight prociency practical test: 14 CFR 61.103(f), 61.107(b), and 61.109
I certify that ____________________ (First name, MI, Last name) has received the required training in
accordance with 61.107 and 61.109. I have determined he/she is prepared for the Private Pilot Airplane
Practical Test.
[date] J. Jones 654321 CFI [expiration date]

Conrm for the Checkride:
Graded pre-solo written exam
Current Student Pilot certifcate
Each solo cross-country endorsed
90-day current solo endorsement (if necessary)
Student certifcate endorsed by instructor
Application form completely flled out
Logbook and necessary supplies readily accessible
Materials necessary for planning a cross-country fight
FAA Knowledge Exam results
Identifcation with photo and signature
Instructor endorsements for checkride
Graduation certifcate
Examiners fee
Current Medical
Instructor Note: Follow the formats below when signing-off endorsements for your students. (From AC 61-65E)
38 The Pilots Manual Series Private Pilot Syllabus
Aviation Supplies & Academics, Inc. Private Pilot Syllabus 39
40 The Pilots Manual Series Private Pilot Syllabus
Aviation Supplies & Academics, Inc. Private Pilot Syllabus 41
42 The Pilots Manual Series Private Pilot Syllabus
Aviation Supplies & Academics, Inc. Stage 1 Exam Appendix 11
Name:
Grade: Date:
Instructor:
Circle the most correct answer choice.
1. How many hours are required for completion
of the Private Pilot Certifcate, following a Part 141
program?
A 35 hours of fight training, 35 hours of ground
training.
B 40 hours of fight training, 35 hours of ground
training.
C 73 hours of fight training, 40 hours of ground
training.
2. What has to be completed before a student can
move on to the next Module?
A A student must complete the review questions
following each reading assignment.
B A student must meet the objective specifed for
each module.
C Both A and B.
3. What document(s) must be in your personal
possession while operating as pilot-in-command
of an aircraft?
A Certifcates showing accomplishment of a
checkout in the aircraft and a current biennial
fight review.
B A pilot certifcate with an endorsement
showing accomplishment of an annual fight
review and a pilot logbook showing recency of
experience.
C An appropriate pilot certifcate, photo ID, and
an appropriate current medical certifcate.
4. Safety belts are required to be properly secured
about which persons in an aircraft and when?
A Pilots only, during takeoffs and landings.
B Passengers, during taxi, takeoffs, and landings
only.
C Each person on board the aircraft during the
entire fight.
5. What tolerances must be maintained in order to
perform Slow Flight according to the Private
Practical Test Standards?
A Altitude must be lower than 1,500 feet AGL,
and airspeed maintained at 1.2 V
S1
, +10/-5.
B Airspeed must be just above stall speed with
altitude maintained at 100 feet, and heading
10.
C Altitude must be no lower than 1,500 feet
AGL, and altitude maintained at 100 feet,
and heading 10.
6. Which three fight instruments are particularly
important at Slow Flight if accuracy is required and
a stall is to be avoided?
A Airspeed indicator, altimeter, coordination
ball.
B Coordination ball, airspeed indicator, heading
indicator.
C Airspeed indicator, altimeter, vertical speed
indicator.
7. A pilot should announce the frst indication of a
Stall when
A the airplane buffets or decay of control
effectiveness.
B the stall warning horn is activated.
C both A and B.
8. What tolerances must be maintained to perform
a Stall according to the Private Practical Test
Standards?
A Altitude must remain above 1,500 feet AGL,
heading 10, and recovery promptly made.
B Altitude must remain above 3,000 feet AGL,
heading 10, and recovery promptly made.
C Announce frst indication of stall, maintain
heading 15, and recover promptly.
9. According to the Private Practical Test Standards,
a Steep Turn must be performed maintaining
A a coordinated 360 turn, with a 50 bank,
5, rolling out on the entry heading, 10.
B a 45 bank, 10, while coordinating a
360 turn.
C 100 feet, 10 knots, V
A
or recommended
entry speed, and coordination.
Stage 1 Exam
Introduction to Flying
Appendix 12 The Pilots Manual Series Private Pilot Syllabus
10. What should a pilot do if the airplane continues
to lose altitude while performing a Steep Turn?
A Briskly pull back on the control wheel to bring
the nose above the horizon.
B Add power and wait for the airplane to regain
the altitude.
C Roll out of the turn, and try again once the
entry requirements are re-established.
11. In prefighting an aircraft, what is the minimum
expected of a pilot prior to every fight?
A Drain fuel from each quick drain.
B Perform a walk-around inspection of the
aircraft.
C Check the required documents are aboard the
aircraft.
12. Why is the use of a written checklist recom-
mended for prefight inspection and engine start?
A To ensure that all necessary items are checked
in a logical sequence.
B For memorizing the procedures in an orderly
sequence.
C To instill confdence in the passengers.
13. The Four Basics of fight consist of:
A Power off stall, Power on stall, Slow fight,
and Steep turns.
B Straight and level, Takeoffs, Landings, Turns.
C Straight and level, Turns, Climbs, Descents.
14. What force makes an airplane turn?
A The horizontal component of lift.
B The vertical component of lift.
C Centrifugal force.
15. Prior to starting each maneuver, pilots should
A check altitude, airspeed, and heading
indications.
B visually scan the entire area for collision
avoidance.
C announce their intentions on the radio.
16. The most effective method of scanning for other
aircraft for collision avoidance during daylight
hours is to use
A regularly spaced concentration on the 3-, 9-,
and 12-oclock positions.
B a series of short, regularly spaced eye move-
ments to search each 10-degree sector.
C peripheral vision by scanning small sectors and
utilizing off-center viewing.
17. What are the six primary instruments involved
in the instrument scan?
A Airspeed indicator, heading indicator, altimeter,
VOR, vertical speed indicator, attitude
indicator.
B Heading indicator, tachometer, VOR, airspeed
indicator, altimeter, turn coordinator.
C Heading indicator, altimeter, vertical speed
indicator, turn coordinator, attitude indicator,
airspeed indicator.
18. As VFR pilots, it is most crucial for the pilot-in-
command to perform the instrument scan,
A equally dividing his/her time between the
6 primary instruments and the engine
instruments.
B while maintaining collision avoidance by
dividing his/her time between inside and
outside the cockpit.
C keeping his/her head inside the cockpit at all
times.
19. Current charts must be used at all times.
Sectional charts are revised
A every 56 days.
B no more than once a year.
C every 6 months.
20. A sectional chart portrays
A all aeronautical information, such as airports,
airways, and special use airspace.
B terrain relief and checkpoints such as
populated places, roads, railroads, and other
distinctive landmarks.
C both A and B.
21. Steering the airplane on the ground is achieved
with the use of the
A ailerons.
B rudder pedals.
C elevator.
Aviation Supplies & Academics, Inc. Stage 1 Exam Appendix 13
22. When taxiing with the wind coming from
behind, hold the control column
A forward and out of the wind.
B neutral and into the wind.
C back and out of the wind.
23. Upon completion of this course, students will
graduate with a
A student pilot certifcate, with an airplane,
single-engine, land class.
B private pilot certifcate.
C private pilot certifcate, with an airplane,
single-engine, land class.
24. Students must uphold at all times
A FAA regulations.
B school requirements and procedures.
C both A and B.
25. In order for students to succeed in this Part 141
program
A all objectives must be met for each module,
homework completed, and Stage Exams passed
with at least an 80%.
B all objectives must be met for each module.
C all objectives must be met for each module,
homework completed, and Stage Exams passed
with at least a 70%.
26. The four forces acting on an airplane in fight are
A lift, weight, thrust, and drag.
B lift, weight, gravity, and thrust.
C lift, gravity, power, and friction.
27. An airplane said to be inherently stable will
A be diffcult to stall.
B require less effort to control.
C not spin.
28. Lateral stability refers to the motion of the airplane
about its
A longitudinal axis.
B lateral axis.
C vertical axis.
29. The main structural component of the wing is the
A rib.
B strut.
C spar.
30. Most light airplane braking systems are operated
A by cables.
B pneumatically.
C hydraulically.
31. Name the four strokes of a piston engine
A intake, induction, power, expansion.
B intake, compression, power, exhaust.
C intake, compression, power, expansion.
32. Which condition is most favorable to the
development of carburetor icing?
A Any temperature below freezing and a relative
humidity of less than 50%.
B Between 32F and 50F and low humidity.
C Between 20F and 70F and high humidity.
33. What type of fuel can be substituted in an aircraft
if the recommended octane is not available?
A The next higher octane aviation gas.
B The next lower octane aviation gas.
C Unleaded automotive gas of the same
octane rating.
34. What action can a pilot take to aid in cooling an
engine that is overheating during a climb?
A Reduce rate of climb and increase airspeed.
B Reduce climb and increase rpm.
C Increase climb speed and increase rpm.
35. The engine fuel primer is used
A during normal in-fight operations.
B only prior to startup.
C at shutdown of the engine.
36. What instrument(s) will be affected if the pitot tube
becomes clogged, but the static vents remain clear?
A Airspeed indicator.
B Vertical speed indicator.
C Both A and B.
37. In steady straight-and-level fight
A lift is greater than drag and thrust equals
weight.
B weight equals lift and drag equals thrust.
C lift equals weight and thrust is greater than
drag.
Appendix 14 The Pilots Manual Series Private Pilot Syllabus
38. Which would most likely result in hyperventilation?
A Emotional tension, anxiety, or fear.
B The excessive consumption of alcohol.
C An extremely slow rate of breathing and
insuffcient oxygen.
39. Who is responsible for determining if an aircraft
is in condition for safe fight?
A A certifcated aircraft mechanic.
B The pilot-in-command.
C The owner or operator.
40. In regard to general privileges and limitations, a
private pilot may
A act as pilot-in-command of an aircraft carrying
a passenger for compensation if the fight is in
connection with business or employment.
B share the operating expenses of a fight with a
passenger.
C not be paid in any manner for the operating
expenses of a fight.
Aviation Supplies & Academics, Inc. Stage 2 Exam Appendix 21
Name:
Grade: Date:
Instructor:
Stage 2 Exam
Solo
Pre-Solo Written
Circle the most correct answer choice.
1. If the outside air temperature (OAT) at a given
altitude is warmer than standard, the density
altitude is
A equal to pressure altitude.
B lower than pressure altitude.
C higher than pressure altitude.
2. Which combination of atmospheric conditions
will reduce aircraft takeoff and climb performance?
A Low temperature, low relative humidity, and
low density altitude.
B High temperature, low relative humidity, and
low density altitude.
C High temperature, high relative humidity, and
high density altitude.
3. If the temperature/dew point spread is small
and decreasing, and the temperature is 62F, what
type of weather is most likely to develop?
A Freezing precipitation.
B Thunderstorms.
C Fog or low clouds.
4. Which type of weather briefng should a pilot
request, when departing within the hour, if no
preliminary weather information has been received?
A An outlook briefng.
B An abbreviated briefng.
C A standard briefng.
5. What conditions are necessary for the formation
of thunderstorms?
A High humidity, lifting force, and unstable
conditions.
B High humidity, high temperature, and cumulus
clouds.
C Lifting force, moist air, and extensive cloud
cover.
6. When telephoning a weather briefng facility
for prefight weather information, pilots should
state
A the full name and address of the pilot-in-
command.
B the intended route, destination, and type of
aircraft.
C the radio frequencies to be used.
7. Who is responsible for making the go-no go
decision for each fight?
A Pilot-in-command.
B Certifed fight instructor.
C Chief fight instructor.
8. What information is necessary in order to make
a go-no go decision?
A Permission from the chief fight instructor,
chief mechanic, and weather briefer.
B Acceptable weather conditions, an airworthy
aircraft, and an airworthy pilot.
C Permission from the weather briefer, an
airworthy aircraft, and an airworthy pilot.
9. Two-way radio communication must be
established with the Air Traffc Control facility
having jurisdiction over the area prior to entering
which class airspace?
A Class C.
B Class E.
C Class G.
10. Unless otherwise authorized, two-way radio
communications with Air Traffc Control are
required for landings and takeoffs
A at all tower controlled airports within Class D
airspace only when weather conditions are less
than VFR.
B at all tower controlled airports regardless of
weather conditions.
C at all tower controlled airports only when
weather conditions are less than VFR.
Appendix 22 The Pilots Manual Series Private Pilot Syllabus
11. Which is the correct traffc pattern departure
procedure to use at a noncontrolled airport?
A Comply with any FAA traffc pattern estab-
lished for the airport.
B Depart in any direction consistent with safety,
after crossing the airport boundary.
C Make all turns to the left.
12. An airports rotating beacon operated during
daylight hours indicates
A that weather at the airport located in Class D
airspace is below basic VFR weather mini-
mums.
B there are obstructions on the airport.
C the Air Traffc Control tower is not in
operation.
13. The offcial source of sunrise and sunset times is
A the Aeronautical Information Manual.
B the American Air Almanac.
C the Federal Aviation Regulations.
14. An aircraft departs an airport in the Eastern
Daylight Time Zone at 0945 EDT for a 2-hour
fight to an airport located in the Central Daylight
Time Zone. The landing should be at what coordi-
nated universal time?
A 1345Z.
B 1445Z.
C 1545Z.
15. In order to comply with Private Practical Test
Standards, students must perform Turns Around a
Point and S-turns
A at traffc pattern altitude, while maintaining
altitude 100 feet, and airspeed 10 knots,
while maintaining coordination.
B between 600 and 1,000 feet AGL, while
maintaining altitude 100 feet, and airspeed
10 knots, while maintaining coordination.
C at traffc pattern altitude, while maintaining
altitude 100 feet, and heading 10 degrees,
while maintaining coordination.
16. In order to comply with Private Practical Test
Standards, the student must perform Rectangular
Course
A between 600 and 1,000 feet AGL, while
maintaining altitude 100 feet, and airspeed
10 knots, while maintaining coordination.
B between 600 and 1,000 feet AGL, entering
45 to the downwind, while maintaining
coordination.
C at traffc pattern altitude, while maintaining
altitude 100 feet, and airspeed 10 knots,
while maintaining coordination.
17. In headwind conditions, the groundspeed will
________ the airspeed.
A exceed
B be less than
C be the same as
18. To maintain a desired track over the ground, apply
A a wind correction angle into the wind.
B a wind correction angle out of the wind.
C power and a steeper bank angle.
19. The numbers 9 and 27 on a runway indicate
that the runway is oriented approximately
A 009 and 027 true.
B 090 and 270 true.
C 090 and 270 magnetic.
20. If two-way communication fails at an airport
with a tower and cannot be restored, the
recommended procedure is to
A make an off-airport landing.
B turn on your landing light, enter the airport
area on fnal approach, and land as soon as
possible.
C observe traffc fow, enter the traffc pattern on
the downwind, look for light signals from the
tower, and squawk 7600 on your transponder.
21. In an in-fight emergency requiring emergency
action, the pilot-in-command
A may deviate from any rule of 14 CFR Part 91
to the extent required to meet that emergency.
B must not deviate from any rule of 14 CFR
Part 91.
C may deviate from any rule of 14 CFR Part 91
but only after receiving prior permission from
ATC.
Aviation Supplies & Academics, Inc. Stage 2 Exam Appendix 23
22. When approaching another aircraft head-on, each
pilot must alter his/her course
A to the left.
B to the right.
C with a descent.
23. Normal and crosswind takeoffs and landings
should take place
A with the wind.
B into the wind.
C perpendicular to the wind.
24. When you fy solo, you are pilot-in-command,
and you are required to have in your personal
possession a
A pilot certifcate and logbook.
B pilot certifcate, photo ID, and medical
certifcate.
C CFI solo endorsement, and copy of the
FAR/AIM.
25. Student pilots are responsible for all
information, rules, and regulations in Parts
A 61, and 91.
B 91, and 121.
C 1, and 67.
26. A person may not act as a crewmember of a
civil aircraft if alcoholic beverages have been
consumed by that person within the preceding
A 8 hours.
B 12 hours.
C 24 hours.
28. List the grade and capacity of the fuel and oil to
be used in the training aircraft used for solo fight:
Grade Capacity
Fuel _____ _______
Oil _____ _______
29. What do each of the following ATC light
signals mean?
in fight on the ground
Steady green _______ ___________
Flashing green _______ ___________
Steady red _______ ___________
Flashing red _______ ___________
Flashing white _______ ___________
Alternating red and green _______ ___________
30. What actions will you take for an engine failure:
Immediately after takeoff ____________________
50 feet after takeoff _________________________
Downwind, in the traffc pattern _______________
In the practice area _________________________
27. List the airspeeds and their defnitions, for the training aircraft to be used for solo fight:
Speed Defnition
Short-feld takeoff _____ ________________________________________________________
Short-feld landing _____ ________________________________________________________
Normal takeoff _____ ________________________________________________________
Normal landing _____ ________________________________________________________
Soft-feld takeoff _____ ________________________________________________________
Soft-feld landing _____ ________________________________________________________
Practice private pilot maneuvers _____ ________________________________________________________
V
S1
_____ ________________________________________________________
V
S0
_____ ________________________________________________________
V
A
_____ ________________________________________________________
V
X
_____ ________________________________________________________
V
Y
_____ ________________________________________________________
V
FE
_____ ________________________________________________________
V
NO
_____ ________________________________________________________
V
NE
_____ ________________________________________________________
Best Glide _____ ________________________________________________________
Appendix 24 The Pilots Manual Series Private Pilot Syllabus
Aviation Supplies & Academics, Inc. Stage 3 Exam Appendix 31
Name:
Grade: Date:
Instructor:
Stage 3 Exam
Cross-Country Flight
Circle the most correct answer choice.
1. The planned course is 165, and the forecast
wind is 330 at 15 knots. If the expected TAS is
145 knots, what is the required heading and
groundspeed?
A 173 and 143 knots.
B 167 and 159 knots.
C 154 and 165 knots.
2. If you burn 7 gallons in 35 minutes, what is
your rate of fuel consumption, and how long
would it take to burn 10 gallons?
A 11.2 gallons/hour, and 68 minutes.
B 12.5 gallons/hour, and 38 minutes.
C 12 gallons/hour, and 50 minutes.
3. Which items are included in the empty weight
of an aircraft?
A Unusable fuel and undrainable oil.
B Only the airframe, powerplant, and optional
equipment.
C Full fuel tanks and engine oil to capacity.
4. GIVEN: Weight Arm Moment
(lb) (in) (lb-in)
Empty weight 1,495.0 101.4 151,593.0
Pilot & Pax 380.0 64.0
Fuel (30 gal) 96.0
The CG is located how far aft of datum?
A CG 92.44.
B CG 94.01.
C CG 119.8.
5. Which combination of atmospheric conditions
will reduce aircraft takeoff and climb performance?
A Low temperature, low relative humidity, and
low density altitude.
B High temperature, low relative humidity, and
low density altitude.
C High temperature, high relative humidity, and
high density altitude.
6. (Refer to Exam Figure 1 on Page 3-3.)
Determine the total distance required for takeoff to
clear a 50-foot obstacle.
OAT ........................................................Std
Pressure altitude .....................................4,000 ft
Takeoff weight ........................................2,800 lbs
Headwind component .............................Calm
A 1,500 feet.
B 1,750 feet.
C 2,000 feet.
7. (Refer to Exam Figure 2 on Page 3-4.)
Determine the total distance required to land.
OAT 90F
Pressure altitude .....................................3,000 ft
Weight .....................................................2,900 lbs
Headwind component .............................10 kts
Obstacle ..................................................50 ft
A 1,450 feet.
B 1,550 feet.
C 1,725 feet.
8. (Refer to Exam Figure 3 on Page 3-4.)
Determine the total distance required to land over a
50-foot obstacle.
Pressure altitude .....................................7,500 feet
Headwind ................................................8 kts
Temperature ............................................Std
Runway ...................................................Dry grass
A 1,004 feet.
B 1,205 feet.
C 1,506 feet.
9. What is the time en route for the following fight?
Distance 65 miles, true course 060 T, wind 270 T
at 12 knots, TAS 110 knots. Add 2 minutes for
climb-out.
A 34 minutes.
B 28 minutes.
C 40 minutes.
Appendix 32 The Pilots Manual Series Private Pilot Syllabus
16. An ATC radar facility issues the following advisory
to a pilot fying on a heading of 090: Traffc 3
oclock, 2 miles, Westbound. Where should the
pilot look for this traffc?
A East.
B South.
C West.
17. If you lost power at 200 feet after a maximum
performance takeoff, what would your initial
actions be?
A Initiate a 180 turn back to the runway.
B Pitch the nose down rapidly, and land on the
remaining runway.
C Adopt the gliding attitude to maintain fying
speed and try to land approximately straight
ahead.
18. According to the Private Practical Test
Standards, a student is required to touchdown
within _____ feet while performing a short feld
landing.
A 200
B 400
C 500
19. According to the Private Practical Test
Standards, the required accuracy when fying on
instruments is
A altitude 100 feet, airspeed 10 knots, and
heading 10 degrees.
B altitude 200 feet, airspeed 10 knots, and
heading 20 degrees.
C altitude 200 feet, airspeed 20 knots, and
heading 20 degrees.
20. Approaching a VOR station while fying
southwest at 8,500 feet MSL, you see a multi-
engine airplane at the same altitude converging
from your left, headed northwest toward the VOR.
According to regulations, which pilot should give
way and why?
A The pilot of the multi-engine airplane should
give way since the airplane is not fying at the
proper VFR cruising altitude.
B The multi-engine airplane should give way
since your airplane is to its right and you have
the right-of-way.
C You should give way since the airplane is to
your left and has the right-of-way.
10. (Refer to Exam Figure 4 on Page 3-5.) What is
the expected fuel consumption for a 500 NM fight
under the following conditions?
Pressure altitude ................................... 4,000 feet
Temperature .......................................... +29C
Manifold pressure ................................. 21.3 in. Hg
Wind ..................................................... calm
A 40.1 gallons.
B 31.4 gallons.
C 36.1 gallons.
11. Which VFR cruising altitude is acceptable for a
fight on a Victor Airway with a magnetic course
of 175? The terrain is lower than 1,000 feet.
A 4,500 feet.
B 5,000 feet.
C 5,500 feet.
12. Cloud bases in Terminal Aerodrome Forecasts
are given
A MSL.
B AGL.
C ASL.
13. You are fying MH 080, with the OBS selected
to 080, CDI needle showing 2 dots right, and the
FROM fag showing. Desired course is the 080
radial outbound. The desired course is
A out to your left.
B out to your right.
C directly behind you.
14. If Air Traffc Control advises that radar service
is terminated when the pilot is departing Class C
airspace, the transponder should be set to code
A 0000.
B 1200.
C 4096.
15. If you are 3 NM off-course to the right in 20 NM,
what is your tracking error?
A 9 left.
B 9 right.
C 12 right.
Aviation Supplies & Academics, Inc. Stage 3 Exam Appendix 33
21. In addition to other prefight action for a VFR
cross-country fight, regulations specifcally require
the pilot-in-command to
A determine runway length at the airports of
intended use.
B check each fuel tank visually to ensure that it
is always flled to capacity.
C fle a fight plan for the proposed fight.
22. If severe turbulence is encountered, the
airplanes airspeed should be reduced to
A maneuvering speed.
B the minimum steady fight speed in the
landing confguration.
C maximum structural cruising speed.
Exam Figure 1
Appendix 34 The Pilots Manual Series Private Pilot Syllabus
Exam Figure 2
Exam Figure 3
Aviation Supplies & Academics, Inc. Stage 3 Exam Appendix 35
Exam Figure 4
Appendix 36 The Pilots Manual Series Private Pilot Syllabus
Aviation Supplies & Academics, Inc. Stage 4 Exam Appendix 41
Name:
Grade: Date:
Instructor:
Stage 4 Exam
Prep for Checkride
Final Exam
Circle the most correct answer choice.
1. Every physical process of weather is accompanied
by, or is the result of, a
A movement of air.
B pressure differential.
C heat exchange.
2. Convective circulation patterns associated with
sea breezes are caused by
A warm, dense air moving inland from over the
water.
B water absorbing and radiating heat faster than
the land.
C cool, dense air moving inland from over the
water.
3. The wind at 5,000 feet AGL is southwesterly
while the surface wind is southerly. This difference
in direction is primarily due to
A stronger pressure gradient at higher altitudes.
B friction between the wind and the surface.
C stronger Coriolis force at the surface.
4. In the Northern Hemisphere, the wind is defected
to the
A right by Coriolis force.
B right by surface friction.
C left by Coriolis force.
5. What conditions are necessary for the formation
of thunderstorms?
A High humidity, lifting force, and unstable
conditions.
B High humidity, high temperature, and cumulus
clouds.
C Lifting force, moist air, and extensive cloud
cover.
6. Clouds, fog, or dew will always form when
A water vapor condenses.
B water vapor is present.
C relative humidity reaches 100%.
7. One weather phenomenon which will always
occur when fying across a front is a change in the
A wind direction.
B type of precipitation.
C stability of the air mass.
8. What are characteristics of a moist, unstable air
mass?
A Cumuliform clouds and showery precipitation.
B Poor visibility and smooth air.
C Stratiform clouds and showery precipitation.
9. (Refer to Exam Figure 5 below.) What are the
current conditions depicted for Chicago Midway
Airport (KMDW)?
A Sky 700 feet overcast, visibility 1-1/2 SM, rain.
B Sky 7000 feet overcast, visibility 1-1/2 SM,
heavy rain.
C Sky 700 feet overcast, visibility 11,
occasionally 2 SM, with rain.
Exam Figure 5
METAR KINK 12845Z 11012G18KT 15SM SKC 25/17 A3000
METAR KBOI 121854Z 13004KT 30SM SCT150 17/6 A3015
METAR KLAX 121852Z 25004KT 6SM BR SCT007 SCT250 16/15 A2991
SPECI KMDW 121856Z 32005KT 1 1/2SM RA OVC007 17/16 A2980 RMK RAB35
SPECI KJFK 121853Z 18004KT 1/2SM FG R04/2200 OVC005 20/18 A3006
Appendix 42 The Pilots Manual Series Private Pilot Syllabus
10. From which primary source should information
be obtained regarding expected weather at the
estimated time of arrival if your destination has no
Terminal Aerodrome Forecast?
A Low-level Prognostic Chart.
B Weather Depiction Chart.
C Aviation Area Forecast.
11. The spin is a condition of
A stalled, coordinated fight.
B stalled, uncoordinated fight.
C unstalled, uncoordinated fight.
12. A 10-knot wind at 45 to the runway direction
will cause a crosswind component of
A 7 knots.
B 10 knots.
C 4 knots.
13. Compared with a normal full-fap approach, a
zero-fap approach will require
A a steeper fight path, slower approach speed,
lower nose attitude, and shorter ground roll.
B a shallower fight path, slower approach speed,
higher nose attitude, and shorter ground roll.
C a shallower fight path, faster approach speed,
higher nose attitude, and longer ground roll.
14. A forward slip can be used to
A steepen an approach.
B fatten an approach.
C extend an approach.
15. What tolerances must be maintained in order to
perform Slow Flight according to the Private
Practical Test Standards?
A Altitude must be lower than 1,500 feet AGL,
and airspeed maintained at 1.2 V
S1
, +10/-5.
B Airspeed must be just above stall speed with
altitude maintained at 100 feet, and
heading 10.
C Altitude must be no lower than 1,500 feet
AGL, and altitude maintained at 100 feet,
and heading 10.
16. What tolerances must be maintained to perform
Stalls according to the Private Practical Test
Standards?
A Altitude must remain above 1,500 feet AGL,
heading 10, and recovery promptly made.
B Altitude must remain above 3,000 feet AGL,
heading 10, and recovery promptly made.
C Announce frst indication of stall, maintain
heading 15, and recover promptly.
17. According to the Private Practical Test Standards,
a Steep Turn must be performed maintaining
A a coordinated 360 turn, with a 50 bank, 5,
rolling out on the entry heading, 10.
B a 45 bank, 10, while coordinating a 360
turn.
C 100 feet, 10 knots, V
A
or recommended
entry speed, and coordination.
18. In order to comply with Private Practical Test
Standards, students must perform Turns Around a
Point and S-turns
A at traffc pattern altitude, while maintaining
altitude 100 feet, and airspeed 10 knots,
while maintaining coordination.
B between 600 and 1000 feet AGL, while
maintaining altitude 100 feet, and airspeed
10 knots, while maintaining coordination.
C at traffc pattern altitude, while maintaining
altitude 100 feet, and heading 10, while
maintaining coordination.
19. In order to comply with Private Practical Test
Standards, student must perform Rectangular
Course
A between 600 and 1,000 feet AGL, while
maintaining altitude 100 feet, and airspeed
10 knots, while maintaining coordination.
B between 600 and 1,000 feet AGL, entering
45 to the downwind, while maintaining
coordination.
C at traffc pattern altitude, while maintaining
altitude 100 feet, and airspeed 10 knots,
while maintaining coordination.
Aviation Supplies & Academics, Inc. Stage 4 Exam Appendix 43
20. According to the Private Practical Test Standards,
a student is required to touchdown within ______ feet
while performing a short feld landing.
A 200
B 400
C 500
21. According to the Private Practical Test
Standards, the required accuracy when fying on
instruments is
A altitude 100 feet, airspeed 10 knots, and
heading 10.
B altitude 200 feet, airspeed 10 knots, and
heading 20.
C altitude 200 feet, airspeed 20 knots, and
heading 20.
22. The normal takeoff will use
A full power and the mixture rich.
B reduced power and the mixture signifcantly
leaned.
C full power and the mixture signifcantly
leaned.
Appendix 44 The Pilots Manual Series Private Pilot Syllabus
Aviation Supplies & Academics, Inc. Basic ATD Syllabus Appendix 51
Basic ATD
Syllabus
Course Objective
To supplement traditional fight training with improvements made possible with the On Top Basic ATD.
Instructors are encouraged to use On Top creatively in producing scenario-based training that goes
beyond the development of base motor skills.
Minimum Requirements
Flight instruction received with the On Top Basic ATD is loggable for Private Pilot training under
Federal Aviation Regulations:
14 CFR 61.109 k)(1); 2.5 hours towards the Private Pilot experience requirements.
14 CFR 141.57; any number of hours deemed appropriate by the school when conducting a special
curricula dedicated to pilot profciency.
Notes for Instructors
A Basic ATD or PCATD can effectively be integrated with ongoing training as a supplemental
training tool.
Concepts are much easier to demonstrate and/or explain in a controlled and noiseless simulator
environment. Take advantage of the pause button!
Flight schools can maximize the usefulness of the Basic ATD by leaving the unit on and accessible to
instructors during periods of ongoing fight training. Instructors who can make free use of the device for
specifc discussions/skills development will maximize their students training value. This is an inherent
beneft to having computer based training available to the instructing staff.
Instructors should individually spend 2 to 3 hours apiece becoming familiar with the Basic ATD
themselves in order to get comfortable with fight characteristics and functionality.
Important* Remember that primary students who do any fying in On Top will naturally tend to
favor the gauges once they transition to an airplane. It is critical to employ integrated instruction
techniques from the outset. Cover the airplane instrument panel if needed!
Use the following syllabus as a guide to implementing this technology with your overall training,
but also as a starting point for even more diverse applications. There is no set limit to the usefulness of a
Basic ATD in accomplishing your fight training objectives.
Appendix 52 The Pilots Manual Series Private Pilot Syllabus
Lesson Placement
The following Modules may be supplemented using an approved Basic ATD in lieu of an airplane. The
following Modules are suggested because the associated tasks and placement within the curriculum lend
themselves particularly well to an integrated fight training environment:

Basic ATD Lesson
The Pilots Manual:
Private Pilot Syllabus Lesson time
Lesson 1 Stage 1/Module 1 0.5 hr
Lesson 2 Stage 1/Module 3 0.5 hr
Lesson 3 Stage 1/Module 4 0.5 hr
Lesson 4 Stage 2/Module 3 0.5 hr
Lesson 5 Stage 2/Module 4 0.5 hr
Lesson 6 Stage 3/Module 1 0.5 hr
Lesson 7 Stage 3/Module 4 0.5 hr
Lesson 8 Stage 3/Module 3 0.5 hr
Total Loggable Time on Basic ATD: 2.5 hr
Specialized Flight TasksOptional Review
Objective
To utilize the Basic ATD environment to enhance specifc fight skills.
While not comprehensive, this list is meant to offer instructors some suggestions on how to augment
traditional instruction with the Basic ATD. Both instructors and students are encouraged to implement the
device in ways that go beyond logging the hours.
Content
____ Go-around procedures
____ Radio procedures (various airspace)
____ Airspace navigation (using VOR/DME)
____ Power off stalls (only procedures, not the physical skills)
____ Power on stalls (only procedures, not the physical skills)
____ Positioning controls for wind during taxi
____ Side slipping on approach for crosswind (control inputs, not the actual landing)
____ Lost communications
Aviation Supplies & Academics, Inc. Basic ATD Syllabus Appendix 53
Lesson 1: Indoctrination
Lesson time:
0.5 hour
Objective:
For the student to gain familiarization with aircraft control and
instrument interpretation.
Content:
____ Functionality and use of primary fight controls
____ Functionality and use of primary engine controls
____ Functionality of the basic fight instruments
____ Operation of the engine controls and interpretation of the
engine instruments
____ Use of elevator trim
____ Straight and level
____ Relationship between pitch and airspeed/rate of climb
____ Effects of changing power
____ Pre-maneuver checks (general)
____ Turns
____ Attitude indicator
____ Rate of turn and angle of bank
____ Level turns
Completion Standards:
Student is able to maintain fight within 400 feet altitude, 20 degrees
of heading, and 20 knots while performing the maneuvers listed.
Lesson 2: Primary Flight Skills
Lesson time:
0.5 hour
Objective:
For the student to learn and practice techniques for turning fight and
slow fight. Emphasis will be on underlying principles and set-up of
the maneuvers.
Content:
____ Pre-maneuver checks
____ Straight and level at target airspeeds
____ Level turns 10, 20, 30 degrees of bank
____ Inclinometer slips/skids
____ Standard rate turns
____ Turn coordination
____ Shallow turns explanation of adverse yaw, proper
rudder technique
____ Steeper turns explanation of horizontal component
of lift
____ Turns to a heading
Completion Standards:
The student should be able to complete turns to within 20 degrees
of a specifed heading. During slow fight, student maintains altitude
within 400 feet, heading within 20 degrees, airspeed with 20 knots.
Lesson 3: Basic Flight Skills
Lesson time:
0.5 hour
Objective:
For the student to combine previously learned skill sets and practice
turns to headings while climbing/descending and leveling off.
Content:
____ Pre-maneuver checks (general)
____ Level-off techniques climbs and descents
____ Constant airspeed climbs/descents to altitude
____ Constant rate climbs/descents to altitude
____ Climbing and descending turns to a heading and altitude
____ Slow fight
____ Discussion of airplane performance with high
induced drag
____ Discussion of pitch and power use during the maneuver
____ Maneuver set up
____ Exploring performance at 60 knots (C172)
____ Climbs on heading
____ Descents on heading
____ Turns: climbing/descending/straight and level
Completion Standards:
Upon completion the student should be able to complete turns to
within 20 degrees of a specifed heading, level off within 200 feet of
altitude and maintain airspeed within 15 knots.
Lesson 4: Instrument Skills/Abnormal
Operations
Lesson time:
0.5 hour
Objective:
For the student to increase scanning profciency and be introduced
to instrument fying techniques. The student will also be introduced
to unexpected instrument conditions including unusual attitudes.
Content:
____ Basic instrument skills scanning techniques
____ Flying the numbers (pitch + power = performance)
____ Basic maneuvers
____ Abnormal operations
____ Inadvertently encountering IMC
____ Compass turns (and associated errors)
____ Encountering turbulence
____ Unusual attitude recovery
____ Aborted takeoff lack of indicated airspeed (ASI can
be failed, or pitot tube blocked from the failures
pageclick setup/failures)
Completion Standards:
Upon completion the student should be able to maintain altitude
within 300 feet, heading within 15 degrees, and airspeed within 15
knots throughout maneuvering.
Appendix 54 The Pilots Manual Series Private Pilot Syllabus
Lesson 5: Emergencies and
Equipment Malfunctions
Lesson time:
0.5 hour
Objective:
To introduce the student to various possible emergencies as well as
their corresponding recovery actions.
Content:
____ Partial or complete power loss
____ Engine roughness or overheat
____ Loss of oil pressure
____ Fuel starvation
____ Electrical malfunction
____ Vacuum/pressure, and associated fight instruments
malfunction
____ Pitot/static
____ Landing gear or fap malfunction
____ Inoperative trim
____ Structural icing
____ Smoke/fre/engine compartment fre
____ Any other emergency appropriate to the airplane
Completion Standards:
Upon completion the student should have a grasp of the principles
underlying the listed emergencies as well as their corrective actions.
Lesson 6: Navigation
Lesson time:
0.5 hour
Objective:
For the student to gain a practical understanding of radio navigation
using the VOR and DME.
Content:
____ VOR introduction
____ Components of VOR radio and display
____ VOR navigationconcepts
____ Demonstrationnote: you can effectively
demonstrate the principles of navigating with the
VOR from On Tops position page (click setup/
position) as well as from the map page (rewind/
replay a fight to illustrate movement of the CDI.
____ Course intercept
____ Tracking
VOR exercises
____ Plotting a course using VOR radials (using
sectional chart)
____ VOR radio operation including identifcation and
signal loss
____ VOR intercept and tracking drills including station
passage
____ Dead reckoning
____ Determining position (using sectional chart)
____ DME
Completion Standards:
Upon completion the student should understand the principles of
VOR navigation and DME. The student should be able to intercept
and track a VOR radial while holding altitude within 300 feet, head-
ing within 15 degrees, and airspeed within 10 knots.
Aviation Supplies & Academics, Inc. Basic ATD Syllabus Appendix 55
Lesson 7: ADF Navigation and
Lost Procedures
Lesson time:
0.5 hour
Objective:
For the student to understand the principles of radio navigation
using ADF. The student will also learn how to proceed after
becoming lost.
Content:
____ NDB and ADF
____ Principle of bearings and ADF display
____ Operating the ADF
____ ADF relative bearing indicator (RBI)
____ Orientation
____ ADF exercises: homing drills
____ Lost procedures
____ Initial actions
____ Determining position with VOR/ADF
____ Radio communications and radar services (using
sectional chart)
____ Navigating to an airport
Completion Standards:
Upon completion the student should understand the principles of
ADF radio navigation. The student should be able to home to an
NDB station (or appropriate airport) using the ADF. Altitude should
be within 300 feet, heading within 15 degrees and airspeed within
10 knots.
Lesson 8: Cross-Country Procedures
Lesson time:
0.5 hour
Objective:
For the student to practice a pre-planned cross-country segment and
become familiar with the associated elements, including radio work
and dead reckoning. The student will also practice diverting.
Content:
____ Cross-country operations
____ Obtaining weather
____ Completion of planning, including Nav Log
____ Cockpit organization
____ Simulated fight segment
____ 1. Departure
____ 2. Communications, radio advisories and warnings
____ ATIS and CTAF
____ SIGMETS, AIRMETS, NOTAMS
____ FSS communicationfight plans/fight plan changes
____ Flight following
____ 3. Intercepting course (VOR radial) after takeoff
____ 4. EnrouteCompletion of Nav Log
____ 5. Dead reckoning between points A and B
____ 6. Arrival procedures
____ Diversion
____ Practicing unexpected diversion (using sectional)
____ Alternate selection
____ Estimate of heading, groundspeed, ETA and fuel
Completion Standards:
Upon completion the student should be familiar with basic cross-
country operations. The student should be able to track a VOR
radial, know how to divert safely and know how to handle becoming
lost. Altitude should be within 300 feet, heading within 15 degrees.
Appendix 56 The Pilots Manual Series Private Pilot Syllabus
Notes
Notes
Notes
Notes