Vedic Maths Tutorial

Vedic Maths is based on sixteen sutras or principles. These principles are general in
nature and can be applied in many ways. In practice many applications of the sutras may
be learned and combined to solve actual problems. These tutorials will give examples of
simple applications of the sutras, to give a feel for how the Vedic Maths system works.
These tutorials do not attempt to teach the systematic use of the sutras. For more
advanced applications and a more complete coverage of the basic uses of the sutras, we
recommend you study one of the texts available.
.!. The following tutorials are based on examples and exercises given in the book "Fun
with figures" by #enneth $illiams, which is a fun introduction some of the applications
of the sutras for children.
If you are having problems using the tutorials then you could always read the
instructions.
Tutorial %
Tutorial &
Tutorial '
Tutorial (
Tutorial )
Tutorial *
Tutorial +
Tutorial 1
,se the formula -.. F/0M 1 -2 T34 .-5T F/0M %6 to perform instant
subtractions.
For example 1000 - 357 = 643
$e simply take each figure in ')+ from 1 and the last figure from %6.
5o the answer is 1000 - 357 = 643
-nd thats all there is to it7
This always works for subtractions from numbers consisting of a % followed by
noughts8 %669 %6669 %6,666 etc.
5imilarly 10000 - 104! = "!51
For %666 : ;', in which we have more <eros than figures in the numbers being
subtracted, we simply suppose ;' is 6;'.
5o 1000 - "3 becomes 1000 - 0"3 = !17
Try some yourself8
1# %666 : +++ =
$# %666 : &;'
=
3# %666 : )6)
=
4# %6,666 : &'()
=
5# %6666 : 1;+*
=
6# %6,666 : %%6%
=
7# %66 : )+
=
"# %666 : )+
=
!# %6,666 : '&%
=
10# %6,666 : ';
=
Total >orrect
=
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Tutorial $
,sing V4/TI>-..? -2 >/055$I54 you do not need to the multiplication tables
beyond ) @ ).
5uppose you need " % 7
; is & below %6 and + is ' below %6.
Think of it like this8
The answer is )*.
The diagram below shows how you get it.
?ou subtract crosswise ;:' or + : & to get ),
the first figure of the answer.
-nd you multiply vertically8 & x ' to get *,
the last figure of the answer.
That's all you do:
5ee how far the numbers are below %6, subtract one
number"s deficiency from the other number, and
multiply the deficiencies together.
7 % 6 = 4$
3ere there is a carry8 the % in the %& goes over to make ' into (.
Multply These:
1# ;
; x
$# 1
+ x
3# ;
1 x
4# +
+ x
5# 1
1 x
6# *
* x
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3ere"s how to use V4/TI>-..? -2 >/055$I54 for multiplying numbers close to
%66.
5uppose you want to multiply "" &y !".
ot easy,you might think. !ut with
V4/TI>-..? -2 >/055$I54 you can give
the answer immediately, using the same method
as above.
!oth ;; and 1; are close to %66.
;; is %& below %66 and 1; is & below %66.
?ou can imagine the sum set out like this8
-s before the "6 comes from
subtracting crosswise8 ;; : & = ;*
Aor 1; : %& = ;*8 you can subtract
either way, you will always get
the same answerB.
-nd the $4 in the answer is
Cust %& x &8 you multiply vertically.
5o "" % !" = "6$4
This is so easy it is just mental arithmetic.
Try some:
1# ;+
1; x
$# ;;
1+ x
3# ++
1; x
4# 1'
1* x
5# 1(
1& x
6# *(
11
7# 1;
1+ x
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Multiplying numbers Cust over %66.
103 % 104 = 1071$
The answer is in two parts8 %6+ and %&,
%6+ is Cust %6' D ( Aor %6( D 'B,
and %& is Cust ' x (.
5imilarly 107 % 106 = 1134$
%6+ D * = %%' and + x * = (&
Again, just for mental arithmetic
Try a few:
1# %6& x %6+ =
1# %6* x %6' =
1# %6( x %6( =
4# %61 x %6; =
5# %6% x%&' =
6# %6' x%6& =
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Tutorial 3
The easy way to add and subtract fractions.
,se V4/TI>-..? -2 >/055$I54 to write the answer straight down7

Multiply crosswise and add to get the top of the answer8

5ubtracting is Cust as easy8 multiply crosswise as before, but the subtract8

Try a few:
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Tutorial 4
- Euick way to sEuare numbers that end in ) using the formula !? 04 M0/4 T3-
T34 04 !4F0/4.
75
$
= 56$5
+)
&
means +) x +).
The answer is in two parts8 )* and &).
The last part is always $5.
The first part is the first number, +, multiplied by the number Fone moreF, which
is ;8
so + x ; = 56
5imilarly "5
$
= 7$$5 because ; x 1 = +&.
Try these:
1# ()
&
=
$# *)
&
=
3# 1)
&
=
4# ')
&
=
5# %)
&
=
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Method for multiplying numbers where the first figures are the same and the last figures
add up to %6.
3$ % 3" = 1$16
!oth numbers here start with ' and the last
figures A& and ;B add up to %6.
5o we Cust multiply ' by ( Athe next number upB
to get 1$ for the first part of the answer.
-nd we multiply the last figures8 & x ; = 16 to
get the last part of the answer.
2iagrammatically8
-nd "1 % "! = 7$0!
$e put 61 since we need two figures as in all the other examples.
Practise some:
1# (' x (+ =
$# &( x &* =
3# *& x *; =
4# %+ x %' =
5# )1 x )% =
6# ++ x +' =
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Tutorial 5
-n elegant way of multiplying numbers using a simple pattern.
$1 % $3 = 4"3
This is normally called long multiplication but
actually the answer can be written straight down
using the V4/TI>-..? -2 >/055$I54
formula.
$e first put, or imagine, &' below &%8
There are ' steps8
aB Multiply 'ertically on the left8 & x & = 4.
This gives the first figure of the answer.
bB Multiply cross(ise and add8 & x ' D % x & = "
This gives the middle figure.
cB Multiply 'ertically on the ri)ht8 % x ' = 3
This gives the last figure of the answer.
And thats all there is to it.
5imilarly 61 % 31 = 1"!1
* x ' = 1"9 * x % D % x ' = !9 % x % = 1
Try these, just write down the answer:
1# %(
&% x

$# &&
'% x

3# &%
'% x

4# &%
&& x

5# '&
&% x

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Multiply any &:figure numbers together by mere mental arithmetic7
If you want &% stamps at &* pence each you can
easily find the total price in your head.
There were no carries in the method given above.
3owever, there only involve one small extra step.
$1 % $6 = 546
The method is the same as above
except that we get a &:figure number, %(, in the
middle step, so the % is carried over to the left
A( becomes )B.
5o &% stamps cost G).(*.
Hractise a few8
1# &%
(+ x

$# &'
(' x

3# '&
)' x

4# (&
'& x

5# +%
+& x

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33 % 44 = 145$
There may be more than one carry in a sum8
Vertically on the left we get %&.
>rosswise gives us &(, so we carry & to the left
and mentally get %((.
Then vertically on the right we get %& and the %
here is carried over to the %(( to make %()&.
6# '&
)* x

7# '&
)( x

"# '%
+& x

!# ((
)' x

10# )(
*( x

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-ny two numbers, no matter how big, can be
multiplied in one line by this method.
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Tutorial 6
Multiplying a number by %%.
To multiply any &:figure number by %% we Cust put
the total of the two figures between the & figures.
$6 % 11 = $"6
otice that the outer figures in &;* are the &*
being multiplied.
-nd the middle figure is Cust & and * added up.
*o 7$ % 11 = 7!$
Multiply by %%8
1# (' =
$# ;% =
3# %) =
4# (( =
5# %% =
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77 % 11 = "47
This involves a carry figure because + D + = %(
we get ++ x %% = +%(+ = ;(+.
Multiply by %%8
1# ;; =
$# ;( =
3# (; =
4# +' =
5# )* =
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$34 % 11 = $574
$e put the & and the ( at the ends.
$e add the first pair & D ' = ).
and we add the last pair8 ' D ( = +.
Multiply by %%8
1# %)% =
$# )&+ =
3# ''' =
4# +%( =
5# 161 =
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Tutorial 7
Method for diving by 1.
$3 + ! = $ remainder 5
The first figure of &' is &, and this is the answer.
The remainder is Cust & and ' added up7
43 + ! = 4 remainder 7
The first figure ( is the answer
and ( D ' = + is the remainder : could it be easierI
2ivide by 18
1# *% = remainder
$# '' = remainder
3# (( = remainder
4# )' = remainder
5# ;6 = remainder
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134 + ! = 14 remainder "
The answer consists of 14 and ".
1 is Cust the first figure of %'(.
4 is the total of the first two figures %D ' = (,
and " is the total of all three figures %D ' D ( = ;.
2ivide by 18
6# &'& = remainder
7# %)% = remainder
"# '6' = remainder
!# &%& = remainder
10# &%&% = remainder
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"4$ + ! = "1$ remainder 14 = !$ remainder 14
-ctually a remainder of 1 or more is not usually
permitted because we are trying to find how
many 1"s there are in ;(&.
5ince the remainder, %( has one more 1 with )
left over the final answer will be !3 remainder 5
2ivide these by 18
1# ++% = remainder
$# 1(& = remainder
3# )*) = remainder
4# ))) = remainder
5# +++ = remainder
6# &';& = remainder
7# +6+6 = remainder
Total >orrect =
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