Test 1 Practice Test #1

On Tuesday, January 20, 2009 President Barack Obama was inaugurated as the 44
th
President o the !nited "tates o
#merica$ %t is estimated that a&&ro'imate(y ) mi((ion &eo&(e attended the inauguration, and researchers are interested in
making statements about these &eo&(e$ #mong the numerous characteristics that researchers were interested in are the
country or state in which the attendee (i*es, the distance the attendee tra*e(ed to attend the inauguration, and the number
o &eo&(e in the tra*e(ing &arty o each attendee +or e'am&(e, in a ami(y o our that dro*e by car, the number wou(d
be 4, whi(e i ,hesterie(d ,ounty took a bus o )2 chi(dren and cha&erones, the number wou(d be )2-$
1$ The &o&u(ation o interest is described in the &aragra&h abo*e$ "tate the &o&u(ation o interest$ # one.sentence
answer that begins with /The &o&u(ation o interest is 01 is suicient$

22222 2$ 3hat ty&e o characteristic is /country or state in which each attendee (i*es14
+#- ,onstant +B- ,ategorica( *ariab(e
+,- 5iscrete 6uantitati*e *ariab(e +5- ,ontinuous 6uantitati*e *ariab(e
22222 )$ 3hat ty&e o characteristic is /distance each attendee tra*e(ed to attend the inauguration14
+#- ,onstant +B- ,ategorica( *ariab(e
+,- 5iscrete 6uantitati*e *ariab(e +5- ,ontinuous 6uantitati*e *ariab(e
22222 4$ 3hat ty&e o characteristic is /number o &eo&(e in the tra*e(ing &arty o each attendee14
+#- ,onstant +B- ,ategorica( *ariab(e
+,- 5iscrete 6uantitati*e *ariab(e +5- ,ontinuous 6uantitati*e *ariab(e
%t is o interest to se(ect a sam&(e o 100 attendees to gather inormation rom regarding their e'&eriences and o&inions
about the inauguration$ Three dierent methods o se(ecting the sam&(e were &ro&osed, as described be(ow$ 7or each o
6uestions 8, 9, and : identiy the ty&e o sam&(ing &rocedure described$
22222 8$ "u&&ose to se(ect the sam&(e o 100 attendees the o((owing was done$ #t ;<00 #= on Tuesday, January
20, 2009 the researcher went into a restaurant near the ,a&ita( and inter*iewed 100 &eo&(e who were
eating breakast$ 3hat ty&e o sam&(ing &rocedure is this an e'am&(e o4
+#- =u(tistage random sam&(ing +B- "im&(e random sam&(ing +,- >a&ha?ard sam&(ing
+5- "tratiied random sam&(ing +@- Ao(unteer res&onse sam&(ing
22222 9$ "u&&ose to se(ect the sam&(e o 100 attendees the o((owing was done$ !sing digita( imagery, each o the
),000,000 &eo&(e in attendance was assigned a uni6ue :.digit number between 0000001 and )000000, and
a tab(e o random digits was used to se(ect 100 :.digit numbers in this range$ These 100 &eo&(e were then
identiied and inter*iewed by the researchers circu(ating among the attendees$ 3hat ty&e o sam&(ing
&rocedure is this an e'am&(e o4
+#- =u(tistage random sam&(ing +B- "im&(e random sam&(ing +,- >a&ha?ard sam&(ing
+5- "tratiied random sam&(ing +@- Ao(unteer res&onse sam&(ing
22222 :$ "u&&ose to se(ect the sam&(e o 100 attendees the o((owing was done$ #s grou&s o attendees arri*ed +by
buses, ta'is, (imos, metro subway, etc$-, 100 o the grou&s were random(y se(ected, and then rom each o
these 100 grou&s 1 attendee was random(y se(ected$ The researcher inter*iewed these 100 attendees$ 3hat
ty&e o sam&(ing &rocedure is this an e'am&(e o4
+#- =u(tistage random sam&(ing +B- "im&(e random sam&(ing +,- >a&ha?ard sam&(ing
+5- "tratiied random sam&(ing +@- Ao(unteer res&onse sam&(ing
22222 ;$ The sam&(e as described in 6uestion 8 was se(ected, and su&&ose it was (earned that in order to eat in that
restaurant on inauguration day a &erson needed either a go*ernment badge or a &ress badge$ Begu(ar !$"$
citi?ens without a go*ernment or &ress badge were not a((owed to enter the restaurant, and thereore they
were not e(igib(e to be inc(uded in the sam&(e$ #ssuming that their res&onses may be dierent rom the
res&onses o those with go*ernment or &ress badges, what ty&e o bias cou(d be created4
+#- ,onounding bias +B- Conres&onse bias +,- Bes&onse bias +5- "e(ection bias
22222 9$ The sam&(e as described in 6uestion : was se(ected$ 7our o the 100 grou&s that were random(y se(ected
consisted o ethnic grou&s in which @ng(ish was not their nati*e (anguage, and hence those our &eo&(e
were unab(e to res&ond because they cou(d not communicate with the researcher +who on(y s&oke
@ng(ish-$ % this data were used to make inerences about the o&inions o a(( attendees, what ty&e o bias
cou(d be created4
+#- ,onounding bias +B- Conres&onse bias +,- Bes&onse bias +5- "e(ection bias
22222 10$ The sam&(e as described in 6uestion 9 was se(ected, and rom the data co((ected it was determined that the
a*erage distance that the 100 attendees in the sam&(e had tra*e(ed to attend the inauguration was )0:$2
mi(es$ %n this scenario, is )0:$2 mi(es an e'am&(e o a &arameter or a statistic4
+#- Parameter +B- "tatistic
22222 11$ O a(( attendees at the Presidentia( inauguration, it is known that ),94; o the attendees had &ress
credentia(s +meaning they were there oicia((y to write or news&a&ers or maga?ines, worked or
te(e*ision or radio stations, etc$-$ %n this scenario, is ),94; an e'am&(e o a &arameter or a statistic4
+#- Parameter +B- "tatistic
22222 12$ The use o im&ersona( chance to assign e'&erimenta( units to treatments is reerred to as which o the
o((owing4
+#- B(inding +B- ,onounding +,- Be&(ication +5- Bandomi?ation
22222 1)$ 5ue to the e'treme co(d weather during the Presidentia( inauguration on January 20, 2009, two new /stay
warm1 de*ices were de*e(o&ed or and used by the secret ser*ice and other security &atro((ing the area
around the inauguration$ To determine which o the two /stay warm1 de*ices was &reerred, 200 secret
ser*ice and security &ersonne( were se(ected, and one o the two /stay warm1 de*ices was random(y
assigned to each$ 3hen the ;.hour shit was o*er at 4<00 P=, the /stay warm1 de*ice was measured or
each &artici&ant and the tem&erature recorded$ The a*erage tem&eratures o the two /stay warm1 de*ices
were com&ared to determine i one worked better than the other$ #s described, is this an e'am&(e o a
contro((ed e'&eriment or an obser*ationa( study4
+#- Obser*ationa( study +B- ,ontro((ed e'&eriment
22222 14$ ,onsider the inormation &ro*ided in 6uestion 1)$ %n this scenario, which o the o((owing is the treatment
o interest4
+#- Tem&erature measured +B- #ge o secret ser*ice or security &erson
+,- /"tay warm1 de*ices +5- Dength o shit
_____ 15. Consider the information provided in question 13. In this scenario, which of the following is the
response variable?
+#- Tem&erature measured +B- #ge o secret ser*ice or security &erson
+,- /"tay warm1 de*ices +5- Dength o shit
19$ The !nited "tates "enate consists o 100 e(ected "enators, two rom each state$ The "enators o the 111
th
,ongress
that is current(y ser*ing are (isted on the o((owing &age, broken down by &arty$ There are 8: 5emocratic "enators,
41 Be&ub(ican "enators, and 2 %nde&endent "enators$ O interest is to se(ect a sam&(e o : "enators such that a
re&resentati*e number is se(ected rom each o the three grou&s 5emocrats, Be&ub(icans and %nde&endents, with at
(east one rom each grou&$ 7irst, identiy the ty&e o sam&(ing &rocedure you wou(d use to accom&(ish this, and
then e'&(ain in detai( what you wou(d do to se(ect the sam&(e o : "enators$ Then use the (ines o random digits
gi*en be(ow to actua((y se(ect the sam&(e o : "enators$ P(ease (ist the names o the : "enators that you ha*e
se(ected$
):2;20194;29480994;):)092;889201949;2)98;):210498:2)2;8494)2:910890100)94;2:492;:89:)119)041
2994)09;90)020001;2:4:2;19)242;8:)928;89)2;2:129194;20;89):;9012;)29:4);9)10291;10):2;2919)9
891089);80294;80)98;2)940920;84;291094;8:9:2;904:29;4::2;29;)4:10)494:110);4:2;9202;8:)498;)
5emocratic "enators Be&ub(ican "enators
5anie( #kaka, >awaii Damar #(e'ander, Tennessee
=a' Baucus, =ontana John Barrasso, 3yoming
@*an Bayh, %ndiana Bobert Bennett, !tah
=ark Begich, #(aska ,hristo&her Bond, =issouri
Je Bingaman, Cew =e'ico "am Brownback, Eansas
Barbara Bo'er, ,a(iornia Jim Bunning, Eentucky
"herrod Brown, Ohio Bichard Burr, Corth ,aro(ina
Bo(and Burris, %((inois "a'by ,hamb(iss, Feorgia
Bobert Byrd, 3est Airginia Tom ,oburn, Ok(ahoma
=aria ,antwe((, 3ashington Thad ,ochran, =ississi&&i
BenGamin ,ardin, =ary(and "usan ,o((ins, =aine
Thomas ,ar&er, 5e(aware Bob ,orker, Tennessee
Bobert ,asey, Pennsy(*ania John ,ornyn, Te'as
>i((ary ,(inton, Cew Hork =ike ,ra&o, %daho
Eent ,onrad, Corth 5akota Jim 5e=int, "outh ,aro(ina
,hristo&her 5odd, ,onnecticut John @nsign, Ce*ada
Bryon 5organ, Corth 5akota =ichae( @n?i, 3yoming
Bichard 5urbin, %((inois Dindsey Fraham, "outh ,aro(ina
Busse(( 7eingo(d, 3isconsin ,huck Frass(ey, %owa
5ianne 7einstein, ,a(iornia Judd Fregg, Cew >am&shire
#( 7ranken, =innesota Orrin >atch, !tah
Eay >agan, Corth ,aro(ina Eay >utchison, Te'as
Tom >arkin, %owa James %nhoe, Ok(ahoma
5anie( %nouye, >awaii Johnny %sakson, Feorgia
Tim Johnson, "outh 5akota =ike Johanns, Cebraska
@dward Eauman, 5e(aware Jon Ey(, #ri?ona
@dward Eennedy, =assachusetts Bichard Dugar, %ndiana
John Eerry, =assachusetts =e( =artine?, 7(orida
#my E(obuchar, =innesota John =c,ain, #ri?ona
>erb Eoh(, 3isconsin =itch =c,onne((, Eentucky
=ary Dandrieu, Douisanaa Disa =urkowski, #rkansas
7rank Dautenberg, Cew Jersey James Bisch, %daho
Patrick Deahy, Aermont Pat Boberts, Eansas
,ar( De*in, =ichigan Je "essions, #(abama
B(anche Dinco(n, #rkansas Bichard "he(by, #(abama
,(aire =c,aski((, =issouri O(ym&ia "nowe, =aine
Bobert =enende?, Cew Jersey #r(en "&ecter, Pennsy(*ania
Je =erk(ey, Oregon John Thune, "outh 5akota
Barbara =iku(ski, =ary(and 5a*id Aitter, Douisana
Patty =urray, 3ashington Feorge Aoino*ich, Ohio
Ben Ce(son, Cebraska Boger 3icker, =ississi&&i
Bi(( Ce(son, 7(orida
=ark Pryor, #rkansas
Jack Beed, Bhode %s(and
>arry Beid, Ce*ada %nde&endent "enators
John Bockee((er, 3est Airginia Bernard "anders, Aermont
Een "a(a?ar, ,o(orado Jose&h Dieberman, ,onnecticut
,har(es "chumer, Cew Hork
Jeanne "haheen, Cew >am&shire
5ebbie "tabenow, =ichigan
Jon Tester, =ontana
=ark !de((, ,o(orado
Tom !da((, Cew =e'ico
=ark 3arner, Airginia
Jim 3ebb, Airginia
"he(don 3hitehouse, Bhode %s(and
Bon 3yden, Oregon
Test 1 Practice Test #1 "o(utions
1$ The &o&u(ation o interest is the ) mi((ion &eo&(e who attended the inauguration o President
Barack Obama$
2$ B I Hou can on(y (ist the names o the dierent countries and states, so itJs a 6ua(itati*e
+categorica(- *ariab(e
)$ 5 I 5istance is measured, so itJs a continuous 6uantitati*e *ariab(e
4$ , I Cumber o &eo&(e can be counted, so itJs a discrete 6uantitati*e *ariab(e
8$ , I Co randomi?ation was usedK on(y &eo&(e who were in that &articu(ar restaurant at that
&articu(ar time had a chance to be se(ected or the sam&(e
9$ B I @*ery member o the &o&u(ation is gi*en a uni6ue number, and we use a random &rocedure to
se(ect our sam&(e rom the &o&u(ation
:$ # I 7irst grou&s were random(y se(ected, and then &eo&(e were random(y se(ected rom the
grou&s, so there were two randomi?ation stages$ 3e did not se(ect someone rom e*ery grou& that
came to the inauguration$
;$ 5 I #n entire ty&e o &eo&(e +&eo&(e without go*ernment or &ress badges- was e'c(uded rom the
sam&(e
9$ B I "ome indi*idua(s se(ected or the sam&(e were not ab(e to res&ond
10$ B I )0:$2 mi(es is the a*erage distance or the 100 attendees in the sam&(e
11$ # I ),94; &eo&(e out o the entire &o&u(ation o a(( attendees had &ress credentia(s
12$ 5 I "ee &age )2
1)$ B I The e'&erimenter did assign the subGects use one o the two /stay warm1 de*ices
14$ , I The dierence in the two grou&s is which /stay warm1 de*ice they used
18$ # I The tem&erature o the de*ice is what was measured and com&ared or each grou&
19$ # stratiied random sam&(e shou(d be used$
,ategory # o senators Pro&ortion Pro&ortionL: # in sam&(e
5emocratic "enators 8: 8:M100 N $8: $8:+:- N )$99 4
Be&ub(ican "enators 41 41M100 N $41 $41+:- N 2$;: 2
%nde&endent "enators 2 2M100 N $02 $02+:- N 0$14 1
7irst, the 8: 5emocratic "enators are (abe(ed rom 01 to 8:$ Then using the irst (ine o random digits, the irst 4
two.digit numbers between 01 and 8: are read$ 5u&(icates are ski&&ed$ These wou(d then corres&ond to the 4
5emocratic "enators in the sam&(e$ !sing the irst (ine o the random digits &ro*ided, the 4 numbers se(ected are<
):, 2;, 20, and 19$ These corres&ond to the o((owing senators< ): N Bobert =enende?, Cew JerseyK 2; N John
Eerry, =assachusettsK 20 N 5ianne 7einstein, ,a(iorniaK and 19 N Busse(( 7eingo(d, 3isconsin$
Then, the 41 Be&ub(ican "enators are (abe(ed rom 01 to 41$ Then using the second (ine o random digits, the irst 2
two.digit numbers between 01 and 41 are read$ 5u&(icates are ski&&ed$ These wou(d then corres&ond to the 2
Be&ub(ican "enators in the sam&(e$ !sing the second (ine o the random digits &ro*ided, the 2 numbers se(ected are
29 and )0$ These corres&ond to the o((owing senators< 29 N Jon Ey(, #ri?ona and )0 N =itch =c,onne((,
Eentucky$
7ina((y, the 2 %nde&endent "enators are (abe(ed 1 and 2$ Then using the third (ine o random digits, the irst one.
digit number that is either a 1 or a 2 is read$ This wou(d then corres&ond to the %nde&endent "enator in
the sam&(e$ !sing the third (ine o the random digits &ro*ided, the number se(ected is 1$ This
corres&onds to Bernard "anders, Aermont$
"o my sam&(e o : senators is as o((ows<
Busse(( 7eingo(d
5ianne 7einstein
John Eerry
Jon Ey(
=itch =c,onne((
Bobert =enende?
Bernard "anders