Engineering Fracture Mechanics Vol. 19, No. I, pp.

W-193,
Printed in Great Brilainain.

sol?-w
Pugam

19214

s3.M t no
Press Ld.

TECHNICAL NOTE
DIMENSIONLESS STRESS INTENSITY FACTORS
FOR CRACKED THICK CYLINDERS UNDER
POLYNOMIAL CRACK FACE LOADINGS
INTRODUCTION
High accuracy Mode ,I stress intensity factors are presented for a wide range of thick cylinders with one or two, internal or external
radial cracks. These results were obtained by the use of crack weight functions which were generated via the accurate Modified
Mapping Collocation (MMC) method[l]. Following the work of Grandt[Z] these results have been presented as dimensionless stress
intensity factors arising from crack line loadings which are simple normalized powers. By presenting the results in this form it is a
straight forward procedure to calculate stress intensity u<) factors for the geometry once the crack line loading is approximated by a
polynomial.

THEORY
Bueckner[3] and Rice[4] have shown that a function, usually termed the weight function, is a property of a cracked geometry
which is independent of the loading on the geometry. In theory, this function, which is a special type of Greens function, can be used
to derive additional K values for the particular geometry under any other loading. In practice, however, the use of weight functions is
usually restricted to the crack surface, as this greatly simplifies any analysis. In this case the weight function is given by
m(y,

a) =

H
2K%)

MY. a)

.-

aa

where H = E (plane stress), H = E/(1 - v2) (plane strain) (E is Youngs Modulus and Y is Poissons ratio), a is the crack length, y is
the distance from the crack mouth, and u(y, a) is the x-direction crack profile for the crack orientated on the y-axis, associated with
the known K solution K(a). See Fig. I.
Assuming symmetry about the crack line, additional stress intensity factors can be generated using [4]:

K(a) =

I P(Y) m(y,4. dy

(2)

where K(a) is the stress intensity factor resulting from some normal crack face pressure p(y). It must be noted that the applied
loading in (2) must not possess more symmetries than the loading used to derive the weight function. By inspection of (I) and (2) it is
seen that the weight function can be described as the K value arising from a unit point load at some position along the crack face.

DERIVATION OF RESULTS
Dimensionless stress intensity factors were generated by the use of (2). the weight functions being obtained via the MMC
method[l, 51. The form of the crack face loading being
p(y) = A,[y/(Rz-

RI)],

n = 0, I,.

,6.

(3)

where Rz and RI are the outer and inner radii of the thick cylinder and A. is some constant. See Fig. 2. Substituting
(3)into (2)and
rearranging gives the following equation from which the dimensionless stress intensity factors were calculated
_- K.
A.q/T;;;;j

2
- d/(m)(Rz-

u
RI) I 0

y m(y. a) dy.

(4)

To apply the results given in Tables 1.1-4.2, the hoop stress, a~, must be determined for the untracked
least squares fit to the following polynomial
P(Y) = i,

AJYI(R~-

cylinder of interest, Then a

Rdl",

is calculated, obtaining the coefficients A,. The desired stress intensity factors are finally obtained by the simple superposition

where the dimensionless K values [K,,/(A.q/(?ra))]

are obtained from Tables.l.lA.2

Ply1
Rl

4
--rx

Fig. I. Crack profile.

Fig. 2. Single internal radial cracked ring.

2.

2. 5

3. 0

4
-

b
-

0.0,
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
o.o*
0.09
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8

0.0,
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.09
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.6

0.06
0.07
0.08
0.09
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.6

0.05

0.02
0.03
0.04

-&ii-

Lz-K, 1

1.116t3+00
,.,,2E*OO
,.105E+00
,.,OOE+OO
,.,O,L+OO
,.10311+00
I.1OZI.00
,.,01E+OO
,.,04E+OO
,.,09E+OO
l.,S6E+OO
,.232?wM
1.3261+00
,.426E+OO
,.553E+W
,.7061+00
1.935~+00

,.1,2L+OO
,.l(YE+OO
,.0941*00
,.0861+00
,.0841+00
,.083E+OO
,.0791+00
,.075E+OO
1.075EtOO
,.077L+OO
1.097,WOO
,.,397hOO
,.,96,M,O
,.27OE+OO
1.3656.00
,.4971+00
,.7,3L+W

,.,oSE+OO
,.097,#3O
,.084L+OO
,.073,I+W
L.O68E+oO
L.O64E.+OO
,.059E+W
,.056E+OO
,.05,E+OO
,.05,8+00
,.OXL+W
,.077E+OO
,.,IPB+OO
,.,79E+OO

5.2316-05
2.085~~04
4.6598-04
8.2418-04
1.286X-03
,.85OE-03
2.5,3E-03
3.278X-03
4.138B-03
5.,,,E-03
2.0491-02
4.665E-02
6.4616-02
1.3621-0,

6.8111-03
1.3601-02
2.03,E-02
2.699%02
,.3,X-02
4.0601-02
4.7348-02
5.404E-02
6.0908-02
6.793E-02
1.3951-0,
z.,Ea-0,
3.056,,-0,
4.023E-0,
5.1401-0,
6.4,8E-0,
8.309E-01

5.2481~05
2.0981-04
~.,O,E-04
8.X351-04
,.304~-03
,.88,~-03
2.559~-03
3.338E-03
4.23,E-03
5.2411-03
2.136~-02
4.959E-02
9.,52~-02
,.487d-0,
2.252~0,
3.2,,,,-0,
4.,35E-01

6.79611-03
5.24013-05
1.354~02
2.09,E-04
4.680E-04
2.0183-02
2.6771-02
6.2868-04
3.344E-02
1.295E-03
4.0138-02
1.8661-03
4.6711-02
2.5341-03
5.X231-02
3.3026-03
5.990%02
4.,80~-03
6.669Z-02
5.,7,~-03
1.3516-0,
2.0888-02
2.076E-0,
4.7831-02
2.859L-0,
8.7158-02
3.73,11-0,1,.408d-0,
4.,,OE-0,
2.,20E-0,
5.956E-0,
3.077~-0,
7.6828-0,
4.47X-0,

6.781E-03
,.348E-02
2.006E-02
2.657B-02
3.3141~02
3.969E-02
4.6161-02
5.267~-02
5.905E-02
6.5666-02
,.316E-0,
2.005E-0,
2.7441-01
3.56X-0,

4.408E-07
3.525E-06
1.1668-05
2.8031-05
5.4.9X-05
9.49X-05
1.5066-04
2.245.X-04
3.2016-04
4.4046-04
3.5756-03
,.2,7E-02
3.0221-02
6.09,!3-02
,.096E-0,
1.84X-0,
,.0,6E-0,

4.4021-0,
3.5,6E-06
,.,*m-05
2.,9OE-05
5.4528-05
9.4291-05
1.4951-04
2.2266-04
3.1716-04
4.358E-04
3.5141-03
1.2031-02
2.9078-02
5.8378-02
1.0478-0,
,.75,E-0,
2.8831-0,

4.3976-07
3.508E-06
,.,77E-05
2.779L-05
5.4248-05
9.366E-05
,.85E-04
2.2153-04
3.146E-04
4.3201-04
3.4631-03
,.,8OE-02
2.642E-02
5.689E-02

3.869E-09
6.,896-08
3.,X%-07
9.849E-07
.?.408E-06
5.00X-06
9.2616-06
,.5,&E-05
2.530E-05
3.867E-05
6.259X-04
3.235E-03
,.049E-02
2.62811-02
5.649%02
1.0998-0,
2.037E-0,

X.865+09
6.,,,E-08
3.1146-07
9.8,X-07
2.397E-06
4.9,5E-06
9.2031-06
1.5671-05
2.5111-05
3.834E-05
6.1756-04
3.1621-03
,.016E-02
2.5381-02
5.4346-02
,.05X-0,
1.9626-01

3.86,E-09
6.,65E-08
3.,05E-07
9.778E-07
2.38X-06
4.9486-06
9.153E-06
1.5616-05
2.4941-05
3.8071-05
6.1011-04
3.1131-03
9.9706-03
2.4866-02

2.042E-1,
2.3,6E-10
1.2976-09
4.95OE-09
1.4786-08
3.7231-08
8.2936-08
1.6788-07
3.1621-07
Z.O26E-05
2.32,E-04
,.317E-03
5.,08E-03

4.16OE-02
9.9428-02

,.425E-0,

,.022E-0,

3.4871-1,
3.1991-U
,.,,6E-09
2.048E-,l
8.449E-09
2.326E-10
3.553E-06
,.304E-09
,.086E-0,
4.9818-09
2.706%071.4901-08
5.8466-07,3.7551-08
1.1388-06
8.355E-08
2.05X-06
,.695E-07
3.4866-06
3.,98E-07
1.1261-04
2.06.W~05
8.,04E-04
2.38,E-04
3.749%03
1.3671-03
,.,,OE-02
5.3,8E-03
,.005E-02
,.633E-02
6.,80E-02
4.28OE-02

6.560E-02
1.3816-0,

3.4848-11~3.1961-13
,.114E-092.0456-11
2.32,E-10
6.427E-09
3.5416-08
,.30,E-09
l.OB,E-07
4.9651-09
2.694E-0,
1.4848-08
5.8,5E-0,
3.7386-08
,.13,E-06
8.3121-08
2.0406-06
1.6868-07
3.46,E-06
3.1781-07
,.,,lE-04
2.044E-05
8.5401-04
2.3481-04
,.69E-03
1.3356-03
,.,36E-02
5.1861-03
2.908E-02
,.587E-02

3.,94E-13

3.48,E-l,

,.,,ZE-09
8.4081-09
,.53,E-08
1.0781-07
2.6813-07
5.788E-07
1.1281-06
2.0291-06
3.4401-06
1.1031-04
8.4271-W
,.592E-03
,.,,,E-02

Table 1.1. Dimensionless K values for a single internal radial crack in a thick
cylinder loaded with a crack face pressure p(y) = A.[y/(Rz- RI)]
1
l&JtaJFa

.2 5

.5

.I 5

h
_

r-

0.0,
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.09
I).,
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8

0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.09
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8

0.0,
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.0,
0.08
0.09
O.,
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8

(I R@,)

,.,22E+OO
,.,24E+OO
,.123E+OO
,.,23E+OO
,.,3OE+OO
l.,38E+OO
,.,43E+OO
,.,48E+OO
L.,S,E+OO
,.,69E+OO
,.304E+M)
,.506E+OO
,.,84E+OO
Z.,XE+OO
2.566E+OO
3.043EtOO
3.46,8+00

,.,2OE+OO
,.,ZOE+W
,.,,,E+OO
,.,,6E+00
,.,20E+OO
,.,26E+OO
,.29E+O
,.,,,E+OO
,.,38E+OO
1.,4,,?+W
,.2486+00
,.389~+00
,.5,,E+OO
,.7,3E+OO
Z.OO,E+OO
2.24,~+00
3.0,0E+OO

,.ll8E*OO
,.,,6E+OO
,.,I,E+OO
,.,08E+OO
,.,,OE+OO
,.,,4E+OO
,.l,SE+OO
,.,16E+OO
,.,ZOE+OO
,.,27E+OO
,.2008+00
,.3OOE+OO
1.42711+00
,.56X+00
,.,,BE+OO
,.90,E+OO
2.2391*00

6.8351-03
1.369~~02
2.0516-02
2.7351-02
3.4333-02
4.1411-02
4.8451-02
5.55OE-02
6.2751-02
,.025E-02
,.5,2E-0,
2.499E-0
3.,55E-0,
5.33X-0,
7.3611-0,
9.8231-0,
,.256E+OO

6.8271-03
1.3668-02
2.044E-02
2.7228-02
3.4,X-02
4.1136-02
4.806E-02
5.4981-02
6.209E-02
6.941E-02
1.4686-0,
2.3641-0,
3.4286-01
4.665E-0,
6.1216-0,
,.8,6E-0,
,.134E+OO

6.8198-03
1.363E-02
2.0378-02
2.7108-02
X3958-02
4.0861-02
4.769E-02
5.4491-02
6.147E-02
6.86411-02
,.430H-0,
Z.Z60E-01
3.2096-01
4.2746-0,
S.IOOE-0,
6.965E-0,
9.,,OE-0,

5.26X-05
2.108~04
4.7366-04
8.416E-04
3.3208-03
1.9096-03
2.603E-03
3.404E-03
4.3258-03
5.371~03
2.269E-02
5.49X-02
,.O,OE-0,
1.8471-01
2.97X-0,
4.5,4E-0,
6.5081-0,

5.257E-05
2.,05E-04
4.724~~34
8.3888-04
1.3148-03
1.8998-03
2.587E-03
3.380E-03
4.291E-03
5.3248-03
2.220E-02
5.2641-02
9.9758-02
1.66X-0,
2.5698-0,
3.7671-0,
6.009E-0,

5.25X-05
2.1013-04
4.,,3E-04
8.36,E-04
,.309E-03
1.89OE-03
2.5731-03
3.358E-03
4.260~03
5.2811-03
2.178,~02
5.09,E-02
9.4908-02
1.556~0,
2.3688-01
3.45,E-0,
5.099E-0,

K./(A.mi)

4.4166-07
3.539E-06
1.1928-05
2.825E-05
5.534E-05
9.6008-05
1.5278-04
2.280E-04
3.2568-04
4.490E-04
3.7521-03
.342E-02
3.4256-02
,.25X-02
1.373E-01
2.39X?-01
3.8998-0,

4.4,4E-07
3.534E-06
1.1901-05
2.8176-05
5.5163-05
9.5628-05
,.519E-04
2.2681-04
3.2378-04
4.459X-04
3.687E-03
,.29,E-02
3.2361~02
6.658E-02
,.2,9E-01
2.062~0,
3.6556-01

4.411E-07
3.530,~06
1.1881-05
2.8,0E-05
5.4998-05
9.5268-05
1.5138-04
2.2568-04
,.2,8E-04
4.4308-04
3.6318-03
1.2631-02
3.1,OE-02
6.3,28-02
1.142H-01
1.9238-0,
3.,9bE-01

3.875E-09
6.2091-08
3.1388-07
9.9106-07
2.426E-06
5.049E-06
9.3638-06
,.598E-05
2.5661-05
3.9291-05
6.51X-04
3.46,E-03
,.,64E-02
3.0418-02
6.8158-02
1.3681-0,
2.5246-0,

3.8738-09
6.20X+08
3.133E-07
9.8898-07
2.420E-06
5.03X-06
9.32X-06
1.590E-05
2.5538-05
3.906E-05
6.423E-04
3.364E-03
1.1108-02
2.8308-02
6.162E-02
,.,?06E-0,
2.39,E-0,

3.87,E-09
6.1961-08
3.1281-07
9.8691-07
2.414E-06
5.0176-06
9.29X+06
1.5841-05
2.5411-05
3.8866-05
6.3431-04
3.2901-03
1.074E-02
2.7071-02
5.836E-02
,.,38E-0,
2.1386-0,

3.4921-1,
1.1198-09
8.4831-09
3.5118-08
,.09%-O,
2.7281-07
5.900E-07
,.150E-06
2.078~06
3.5336-06
1.1661-04
9..?2,E-04
4.0991-03
1.3266-02
3.53OE-02
8.,84E-02
1.71X-0,

8.4711-09
3.5658-08
1.090~07
2.7208-07
5.8811-07
1.1468-06
2.069~06
3.5163-06
1.152~04
8.9996-04
3.9351-03
1.2468-02
3.2351-02
,.34,E-02
,.635E-01

3.4901-1,
1.118,~09

3.4881-1,
,.,,,E-09
8.4606-09
3.5591-08
,.088E-0,
2.713~~07
5.8631-0,
,.,42E-06
2.06,E-06
3.500~06
l.,39E-04
8.831E-04
3.825E-03
,.200E-02
3.0881-02
6.984E-02
1.4861-01

3.2021-13
2.0528-3,
2.3346-10
,.3LOE-09
5.009~09
,.500E-08
3.786E-08
8.434E-06
1.7131-07
3.2361-0,
2.1276-05
2.5,OE-04
,.478E-03
5.9X1-03
1.880~02
5.046~02
,.,996-O,

3.2011-13
2.051%1,
2.331E-10
1.3081-09
5.0OOE-09
,.49,E-08
3.7756-08
8.405E-08
,.707E-07
3.2221-0,
2.1048-05
2.4571-04
L.426~03
5.6,,E-03
1.7416-02
4.586~02
.52E-0,

3.2OOE-13
2.0491-1,
2.3286-10
1.3063-09
4.9908-09
1.493~~OS
3.1658-08
8.3,9E-08
1.7018-07
3.2091-0,
2.085~~05
2.4171-W
,.39,E-03
5.4353-03
,.672E-02
4.3921-02
1.059~0,

Table 1.2. Dimensionless K values for a single internal radial crack in a thick
cylinder loaded with a crack face pressure p(y) = A.[y/(Rz- RI)]

2.

2.

3.

IL-c

R,
-

(1

1.129C+OO
l.l37C+W
l.l4OE+OO
l.I44C+W
1.152C+W
1.162E+OO
1.168C+W
1.173C+W
l.lClC+OO
l.l91E+W
1.280C*W
1.3886+00
1.518C+W
1.683E+W
1.877MW
2.147C+W
2.5616+00

*2

6.862E-03 5;27,C-05 4.426C-07

K,lthfi,

3.8821-09
6.230C-08
3.1X8-07
9.9621-07
2.4409~06
5.0791-06
9.421C-06
1.6071-05
2.5801-05
3.9481-05
6.46OE-04
3.356C-03
l.O94t-02
2.776X-02
5.9961-02
l.i?tX-01
2.199C-Of

3.4978-11 3.207E-13
1.122C-09 2.05711-11
&.515E-09 2.342E-10
3.5878-08 1.3158-09
1.098C-07 5.03OC-09
2.742C-07 1.507C-08
5.9311-07 3.803E-08
1.1561-06 8.4698-08
2.087C-06 1.71913-07
3.54711-063.247E-07
1.1571-04 2.1128-05
8.980C-04 2.4528-04
3.8841-03 1.409C-03
1.226C-02 5.539X-03
3.159C-02 1.705C-02
7.189C-02 4.5WC-02
1.518C-01 1.0788-01

ii::
0.7
0.8
-

0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.06
0.09
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4

0.01

1.1688*00
l.l76C+W
l.l87C+W
1.282C+W
1.418C*W
1.5818+00
1.787C+W
2.0336+00
2.345C+W
2.606C+W

5.6091-02
6.3388-02
7,09OC-02
1.49lC-01
2.3951-01
3.439C-01
4.6918-01
6.1858-01
8.0531-01
l.O12B+OO

4.4251-07
3.5511-06
1.198C-05
2.839C-05
5.56X-05
9.6578-05
1.5361-04
3.42911-032.293C-04
4.35513-033.274C-04
5.4068-03 4.5128-04
2.242C-02 3.7138-03
5.3168-02 1.3078-02
9.991C-02 3.239C-02
1.6709-01 6.68X-02
2.589C-01 1.2263-01
3.85Ot-01 2.09SC-01
5.469X+01 3.373C-01

3.68lC-09 3.4968-11
6.22611-081.122C-09
3.iMS-07 8.509C-09
9.9521-07 3.581C-08
2.4378-06 1.097C-07
5.0731(-062.739C-07
9.4108-06 5.9251-07
1.605E-05 ,.155C-06
2.577C-05 2.085&06
3.9448-05 3.5448-06
6.456C-04 1.1561-04
3.3861-03 9.05OE-04
l.lLOC-02 3.935C-03
2.838B-02 1.2501-02
6.1938-02 3.249C-02
1.2238-01 7.426-02
2,23011-01I.537C-01

3.206B-13
2.0571-11
2.34011-10
1.314K-09
5.0268-W
1.506C-08
3.7998~08
8.4611-08
1.718X-07
3.2448-07
Z.llOC-05
2.469C-06
1.425%-03
5.6328-03
l.f4CB-02
4.632,?,-02
l.O90E-01

0.01 ~1.12SC*00~6.860S-03[2.2751-05~4.4261-07~3.801C-09~3.497C-11~3.206E-13
0.02 I.l36C+OO 1.378H-02 2.118C-04 3.5521-06 6.221111-08
1.122C-09 2.057C-11
0.03 l.l39C+W 2.07011-024.7671-04 1.199C-05 3.15lC-07 8.513C-09 2.341X-10
0.04 l.l42C+W 2.7631-02 8.4798-04 2.8411-05 9.9588-07 3.5868-08 1.3158-09
0.05 1.1516*00 3.47211-021.33OE-03 5.569C-05 2.43911-061.0971-07 5.0288-09
0.06 1,16OC+OO 4.19211-021.9259-03 9.6651-05 5.077s~06 2.74OC-07 1.50611-08
0.07 l.l66C+W 4.90611-022.62611-031.537C-04 9.416K-06 5.928C-07 3.8OlB-OC
0.08 1.171C*W 5.617C-02 3.4331-03 2.295C-04 1.606E-05 l.l5SC-06 8.46511-06
0.09 1.178111006.3468-02 4.3598-03 3.276X-04 2.57811-052.086C-06 1.7193-07
0.1
l.lWC+W
7.09811-025.41OE-03 4.514C-04 3.946C-05 3.546C-06 3.2458-07
0.2
1.278E+OO lABBE2.24OC-02 3.7108-03 6.4538-04 1.156C-04 2.11OE-05
0.3
1.398CIw 2.3718-01 5.2748-02 1.29911-023.368C-03 9.009C-04 2.4598-04
0.4
1.54ZC+W 3.3821-01 9.867C-02 3.2071-02 l.IOlC-02 3.9098-03 1.418&-03
0.5
1.715C+OO 4.556C-01 1.6338-01 6.56lC-02 2.7958-02 1.233C-02 5.5688-03
0.6
1.93OC+W 5.956x-01 2.514K-01 l.l97C-01 6.07OC-02 3.1931-02 1.7228-02
0.7
2.213C+W 7.71311-013.7219-01 2.039C-01 1.1941-01 7.2751-02 4.549B-02
0.8
2.637C+W l.O17C+OO 5.486c-01 3.3801-01 2.23311-011.54OC-01 1.0911-01

0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.09
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
O.?
0.8

R1

r-

Table 2.1. Dimensionless K values for a single external radial crack in a thick
cylinder loaded with a crack face pressure p(y) = An[y/(R2- Roll

.2

.5

.7

I,
-

12

r:

0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.09
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8

i:;
0.B

0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
9.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.09
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.09
0.1
0.Z
0.3
0.4
0.5

IA-R,
__

.
1

,.125C+W
1.13OCeW
l.lJZC+W
L.IyIC+W
1.143C+OO
1.152C+OO
1.1598+00

6.6481-03 5.2698-05
1.374C-02 2.114C-04
2.06211-024.7543-04
2.7528-02 8.4539-04
3.4571-02 1.3268-03
4.174C-02 1.92DE-03
4.887C-02 2.619C-03

4.4218-07
3.546X-06
1.196C-05
2.834C-05
5.556C-05
9.643C-05
1.534C-04

3.8788-09
6.2208-08
3.146C-07
9.939C-07
2.4348-06
5.0678-06
9.401C-06

3.4941-11
1.12lC-09
8.5008-09
3.58OC-08
l.O96C-07
2.736C-07
5.92OC-07

3.2048-13
2.0558-11
2.33811-10
1.3131-09
5.0211-W
1.504C-08
3.797C-08

1.1278+00~6.8548-03~5.2738-05~4.42*8-07~3.860E-09i3.496E-11~3.206C-13
1.13313+001.3771-02 2.11611-043.549C-06 6.225C-08 1.121C-09 2.0561-11
1.13SC+W 2.066E-02 4.7616-W 1.1973-05 3.1498-07 8.5078-09 2.3408-10
L.l39E+W 2.7588-02 8.467~~04 2.838C-05 9.9498-07 3.5838-08 1.31411-09
1.146CcW 3.4648-02 1.328C-03 5.562C-05 2.4369~06 1.096C-07 5.0248-09
l.l56C+OO 4.182C-02 1.92211-039.6521-05 5.0711-06 2.738C-07 1.505C-08
1.162CcOO 4.8956-02 2.622C-03 1.5352-04 9.4061-06 5.9231-07 3.798C-08
I.,67C+OO 5.6051-02 3.42813-032.292C-04 1.60%-05 ,.,55C-06 8.46OC-08
l.l75C+OO 6.335C-02 4.353E-03 3.2733-04 2.576C-05 2.085C-06 1.71811-07
l.,CbC+OO 7.0871-02 5.4058-03 4.511~04 3.94313-053.54461-063.2441-07
1.293C+W 1.501C-01 2.2558-02 3.7328-03 6.4878-04 1.1618-04 2.1198-03
1.4388*00 2.4178-01 5.3521-02 1.3148-02 3.4008-03 9.082C-04 2.4770-04
,.628C+W 3.5143-01 1.01611-013.2841-02 1.1248-02 3.9778-03 1.43911-03
1.852C+OO 4.81OC-01 l.,02C-01 6.782C-02 2.873C-02 l.t62C-02 5.681C-03
2.134C+W 6.408C-0, 2.661C-01.1.254C-01 6.31OC-02 3.302C-02 1.773C-02
2.478C+W 8.391C-Of 3.9778-01 2.15&C-01 1.251C-01 'i,572E-024.712E-02
3.107CrW ,.154C+W 6.074C-01 3.681~~b1 2.40313-011.642C-01 1.155C-01
I
I
t
I
1
I
,.126C+OO 6.852C-03 5.27113-054.4238-07 3.8798-09 3.49513-113.2058-U
1.132C+OO 1.3761-02 2.115~~04 3.5481-06 6.223E-06 1.1211-09 2.056%-11
L.L34C*OO 2.0641-02 4.7581-04 1.1971-05 3.1478-07 B.504C-09 2.33913-10
,.137C+W 2.7551-02 8.461~~04 2.8361-05 9.944C-07 3.5828~08 1.313C-09
1.145C+W 3.4613-02 1.327B-03 5.559x-05 2.4358-06 l.O96C-07 5.0231-09
1.154,?,+00
4.17&T-02 1.92113-039.6478-05 5.0698-06 2.7378-07 1.505C-08
1.16OC.00 4.891C-02 2.62011-031.53511-049.403C-06 5.922C-07 3.79711-08
1.165C+W 5.601C-02 3.4261-03 2.292k04 1.604s-05 1.1541-06 8.458E-08
,.174B+W 6.333C-02 4.353C-03 3.2731-04 2.5761-05 2.085E-06 1.71811-07
1.186C*W 7.088C-02 5.405C-03 4.5126-04 3.944C-05 3.544t-06 X2451-07
1.3OSC~W 1.5llE-01 2.267E-02 3.747C-03 6.509~~04 l.l65E-04 2.1251-05
,.473C*W 2.460E-01 5.4248-02 1.3281-02 3.431$-03 9.1531-04 2.4948-04
l.,OOC+OO 3.624C-01 1.041C-01 3.3496-02 1.142X-02 4.03316-03 1.45711-03
,.975C+OO 5.0421-01 1.76613-016.989C-02 2.9476-02 1.2901-02 5.79211-03
2.3273+00 6.833%01 2.799B-01 1.307X-01 6.5358-02 3.4031-02 1.8216-02
2.702CeW 8.9591-01 4.1908-01 2.2491-01 1.2978-01 7.8151-02 4.8441-02
3.24OC+W L.l92E+OO 6.233C-01 3.7591-01 2.446C-01 1.6661-01 L.lIOC-01

W,l(A#ll?i;)

Table 2.2. Dimensionless K values for a sinde external radial crack in a thick
cylinder loaded with a crack face pres&re p(y) = A,[~/(RI- RI)]

_ti
1

2. .o

2. .5

_ L

3. 0

0.0
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.06
0.09
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.6

0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.09
0.
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5

0.0

0.04
0.05
0.06
0.01
0.06
0.09
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8

0.0
0.02
0.03

,.14L+W
,.,12E+OO
,.,091+W
,.051+W
1.1071+00
1.11E+W
.llPE+W
,.117E+W
,.,22E+W
,.,306*W
1.23OI+W
1.364E+W
,.5721+00
1.806E+W
2.076E+W
2.396E+W
2.806E+W

,.112E+W
1.102,wW
1.097E+W
.0961+W
.09511+W
,.0931+W
1.094wW
.09911+W
1.104~+W
,.107L+W
I.lSSE+W
1.315~+00
1.4,,L+W
,.667E+W

6.9041-03
1.3608-02
2.036E-02
2.7078-02
3.38711-02
4.079E-02
4.7698-02
5.455X-02
6.55E-02
6.8778-02
1.453E-01
2.3611-O
3.43411-01
4.7361-01
6.3071-01
8.2461-01
.062E*OO

6.7968-03
1.358-02
2.021L-02
2.6968-02
3.366E-02
4.035E-02
4.11E-02
5.403E-02
6.091X-02
6.7648-02
1.621E-01
2.290!+01
3.2938-01
4.46OI-01

5.24311-05
2.0981-04
4.7111-04
6.3551-04
1.3071-03
.668E-03
2.5731-03
3.3629-03
4.264E-03
5.268E-03
2.2038-02
5.2648-02
9.990X-02
1.665E-0
2.633B-01
3.9X,!-0
5.806E-01

5.241X-05
2.0651-04
4.664L-04
6.33X.-04
1.302X-03
1.6721-03
2.549X-03
3.34OE-03
4.239E-03
5.2351-03
2.1678-02
5.27E-02
9.6851-02
1.6158-01

4.4031-07
3.525X-06
.MLE-05
2.8091-05
5.491E-05
9.516E-05
1.531-04
2.25%-04
3.22111-04
4.435E-04
3.663E-03
,.298E-02
3.24OE-02
6.7341-02
1.2451-0
2.4OE-01
3.559L-01

4.4031-07
3.5061-06
1.1621-05
2.6059-05
5.,7111-05
9.4511-05
1.5011-04
2.2,X+04
3.2061-06
4.4OOE-OI
3.67,P03
1.2709-02
3.1621-02
6.508E-02

~.l08r+W~6.763E-03~5.233E-05~4.3961-07~3.%1~-09[3.461~-~3.1%B-13
,.0951+W
.34X!-02
2.08OE-04
3.49%-06
.068L+W
2.0.11-02
4.6671-W
1.17911-05
1.066L+W
2.6791-02
6.2981-04
2.795L-05
1.083E+W
3.344E-02
1.295E-03
5.456,k05
1.019E+W
4.003L-02
1.661-03
9.4091-05
.079~+W
4.6711-02
2.5349-03
1.4%1-04
1.083,~+00
5.3541-02
3.318X-03
2.236X-04
.066E+W
6.037!&02
4.207E-03
3.199E-04
1.066~+00
6.731-02
5.96E-03
4.374X-04
1.59L+W
1.3991-01
2.1431-02
3.5851-03
1.2748+00
2.236E-0
5.056E-02
1.2511-02
1.4,4L+W
3.1971-01
9.4116-02
3.1061-02
1.566E+W
4.33811-01
1.5761-0
6.36611-02
1.805E+W
5.7261-0
2.4498-01
1.115,P0
2.071E+W
7.451-01
3.64lE-01
2.0141-O
2.451E+W
9.853E-0
5.4101[-0
3.363E-01

li-ll,)

RI
-

RI
-

r-

3.6651-09
6.ME-06
3.12%-O?
9.86711-07
2.411-06
5.012X-W
9.296CO6
1.5651-05
2.5431-05
3.889L-05
6.3688-04
3.3671113
1.11E-02
2.856E-02
6.275E-02
1.2461-01
2.34OE-0

3.9651-09
6.1599.~09
3.15E-07
9.859E-07
2.4071-06
4.96X-06
9.235E-06
.519E-05
2.534X-05
3.663E-05
6.320X-04
3.3OlE-03
1.009LkO2
2.718X-02

6.149X-06
3.108-07
9.831-07
2.3999~06
4.965X-06
9.199K-06
1.5731-05
2.52X-05
3.6451-05
6.21X-04
3.29OE-03
.073X-02
2.7351-02
5.9631-02
l.%E-01
2.2331-0

3.483X-l
.116&W
8.461L-09
3.5581-09
1.0671-07
2.11L-07
5.065E-07
1.143E-06
2.0629.-%
3.503E-OChZllE-07
1.146L-04
9.0109+04
3.936Z-03
L.257L-02
3.2979-02
7.55OE-02
1.6011-0

3.484L-1
1.1119-09
6.4309-09
3.551B-09
1.0851-07
2.6971-07
5.8319-07
1.1391-W
2.0511-06
3.4631-06
.136E-04
l.OllB-04
3.87X-03
.221E-02

2.095E-05
2.4601-04
1.427L-03
5.663E-03
1.766E-02
b.lOzt-02
1.135L-O

3.9SE-3
2.047L-1
2.3291-10
1.306M,9
4.%5L-O9
1.4921-00
3.1668-%
8.3%X-09
1.7021-07

3.l%E-3
2.039E-1
2.328-10
1.3061-W
4.9OlCO9
1.4651-W
3.146X-M
6.366E-08
l.C%E-07
3.1959.-O?
2.079E-05
2.427E-04
1.407X-03
5.54X+03

2.036X-l
2.37S-0
1.3031-09
4.%99X9
1.461-06
3.7368-06
8.34OZ-09
1.69X-07
3.1641-07
2.068S-05
8.812X-04 2.43K-04
3.92311-03
.39L-03
1.2111-02
5.460X-03
3.157X-02
1.7051-02
7.23IK-02
4.52611-02
.543E-0
1.0961-0

.109B-09
6.431-09
3.549.C09
1.0821-01
2.689~-07
5.611-07
.35E-06
2.049E-06
3.469X-W
1.129X-04

Table 3.1. Dimensionless K values for two internal radial cracks in a thick cylinder
loaded with a crack face pressure p(y) = A.[y/,I(Rz- Rl)JN

15

1_
(

0.01
0.02
O.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.06
0.09
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8

0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.09
0.09
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.6

0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.09
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.6

1.2OC+W
L.IZ,E+OO
1.124~+00
I.IZSE+W
L.130~+00
1.139E*W
1.144E+W
L.I5IE+W
L.63E*W
1.112E+W
1.327E+W
1.5631*00
L.893E+W
!.349E+W
!.959E+W
,.723E*OO
,.633E+W

l.l19E+W
.5E+W
.161+W
1.119E+W
1.125E*W
l.l29E+W
L.l32E+W
l.39E+W
1.149E+W
L.lSSE+W
.29OE+W
1.488E+W
l.l48E+W
Z.O64E+W
2.490E+W
1.964E+W
3.476E+W
5.255E-05

5.253E-05
2.096E-04
4.718E-04
8.4081-04
3.39E-03
1.901E-03
2.588E-03
3.39211-03
4.31E-03
5.350x-03
2.2591-02
5.4646-02
.05X+0
1.8248-01
2.92OE-01
4.4521-01
6.55711-01

9.3241-06
1.5941-05
2.565E-05
3.919E-05
6.499E-04
3.452X-03
.154E-02
3.016-02
6.7371-02

1.591-04
2.214E-04
3.25311-04
4.4761-04
3.7391-03
1.337E-02
3.3921-02
l.l&oE-02
1.355L-01
2.367~01
3.9288-01
4.412H-07

6.1791-W
3.1291(-07
9.91OE-07
2.4271-06
5.0348-M

3.17211-06
8.4218-09
.73E-07
3.23OE-07
2.1231-05
2.506E-04
1.468E-03
5.8991-03
1.86441-02

3.5261-06
1.1631-W
9.20~~04
4.07011-03
1.371-02
3.4951-02

2.0431-11
2.32611-10
1.301-09
5.021-09
1.497~~~06

3.199E-13

1.4921-06
3.7738-08
9.4181-08
1.7068-01
3.215E-07
2.1118-05
2.460~~04
1.444X-03
5.757E-03
,.6036-02
4.838-02
1.155,~0

2.0451-1
2.3333-10
.30~-09
5.000,~09

3.,92E-13

16

5.87811-07
1.148~~06
2.077L-06

1.11411-09
6.4591-W
3.5121~06
.093E-07
2.12,~0,

3.487L-11

2.711E-07
5.617~07
1.1461-06
2.06%~06
3.5078-06
1.1566-04
9.0941-04
3.993%03
1.2611-02
3.3669~02
7.7551-02
1.6401-01

1.141-09
8.4768-09
3.5701-W
1.09011-07

3.49OE-II

15

3.6718-09

2.542E-0

1.7241-0

2.138E-05
2.5398-W
1.5038-03
6.128E-03
,.977E-02
5.4428-02
.340E-01

1.5WE-06
3.76311-08
8.44OE-08
,.711E-01
3.236~07

3.19911-13
2.0468-11
2.3361-10
1.3118-09
5.008E-09

1.20711-01

1.3561-01 6.122X-02 5.0131-02

3.8708-09
3.520~~06
.86E-05
2.623~05
5.53X-05
9.568E-05

5.041(-06
9.32OE-06
1.5938-05
2.5526-05
3.896E-05
6.448~-04
3.4041-03
1.1291-02
2.9221-02
6.450,1-02
1.2851-0,
2.3998-01

9.523K-05
1.51%~04
2.2709-W
3.2346-04
4.44611-04
3.7041-03
1.358-02
3.3046-02
6.91311-02
1.286E-01
2.22211-0,
3.668E-01
4.410~07

6.1621-09
3.1358-07
9.903~-07
2.419E-06

3.861~09

14

3.522E-06
1.19~05
2.8216-05
5.513E-05

4.399E-07

13

314681-11
1.366E-02 2.1038-04 3.530E-06 6.1941-06 1.1161-09
2.054.9-02
4.742E-04
1.1948-05
3.14x+07
8.4911-09
2.7381[-02
8.4248-04
2.82711-05
9.99%07
3.5741-08
3.4331-02
1.3911-03
5.533E-05
2.426E-06
1.092~-07
4.1421-02
1.9098-03
9.598E-05
5.0481-06
2.7271-07
4.6451-02
2.6021-03
1.526X-04
9.3578-06
5.696E-07
5.5611-02
3.409B-03
2.28311-04
1.599!+05
1.151E-06
6.300~~02
4.339X-03
3.266E-04
2.573E-05
2.0639,~06
7.037~02
5.37X-03
4.493~~04
3.93OE-05
3.5341-06
1.5308-01
2.2908-02
3.7808-03
6.559~6-04
l.72E-04
2.566E-0
5.61OE-02
.366E-02
3.5131-03
9.343,!-04
3.920~-01
1.1066.01
3.598-02
1.1911-02
4.1801-03
5.745,+01
1.9591-01
7.61.91-02
3.1718-02
1.3758-02
8.226E-01
3.251L-01
1.48X-01
7.2738-02
3.1366-02
1.,538+00
5.1521-01
2.676~01
1.507E-0
8.909~~02
1.5866+00
?.893E-01
4.5921-01
2.906E-01
1.940E-01

6.8261-03

6.821E-03
1.3618-02
2.0421-02
2.7301-02
3.427L-02
4.119.x-02
4.628-02
5.5231-02
6.255B-02
6.966E-02
1.5021-0
2.4818-01
3.6998-01
5.252E-0
7.201E-01
9.6438-01
1.265E+W

8.75OE-01
l.l38E+W

2.603E+oO
3.016E+W
4.1221-01
6.032E-01

2.0961-04
4.7258-04
8.3951-04
1.336-03
1.6901-03
2.5648-03
3.383E-03
4.2868-03
5.307L-03
2.232E-02
5.3521-02
1.0241-01
1.741E-0
2.1426-01

1.36OE-02
2.04X-02
2.123~~02
3.408E-02
4.0901~02
4.1951-02
5.4991-02
6.1988-02
6.94~02
1.4788-01
2.448-01
3.545E-01
4.9441-01
6.6471-01

1
5.239E-05

6.8001-03

.ll5L+W
1.113E+W
l.IlSE*W
1.114E+W
.16E+OO
1.117E*W
l.I24E+W
1.130E+W
1.134E+OO
.4E+W
1.2606+00
1.4301+00
1.6461+00
1.9LBE+W
2.235E+W

K.lt&xom

Table 3.2. Dimensionless K values for two internal radial cracks in a thick cylinder
loaded with a crack face pressure p(y) = A,[y/(Rz- RI)]
_

2.

2.

3.

h
-

82
-

r-

0.0,
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.00
0.09
O.,
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.0

:::
0.
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8

0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.0s
0.09
0.1

0.03

0.01
0.02

0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.09
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8

x2-11, )

I1

I2

I3

I
I

I4

,.1531*W
1.163LwJ0
1.169L+W
l.l74H+W
,.182E*OO
1.192E*W
1.285E*W
,.380L+W
1.501E*W
.621E+W
1.749E+W
1.9051+00
2.,36E+W

3.4811-02
4.191L-02
4.898B-02
5.6231-02
6.360E-02
7.lOE-02
,.5008-O,
2.3868-0,
3.300H-01
4.516,X-01
5.7911-01
7.2026-0,
9.210!+0,

3.4761X-02
4.1981-02
4.9141-02
5.626L-02
6.3571-02
7.1111-02
1.4941-01
2.360X-0,
3.3151-0,
4.367b-01
5.532E-01
6.096E-01
8.6938-01

5.5021-05
9.6611-05
1.534~04
2.297L-04
3.2851-04
4.5201-04
3.73211-03
,.304E-02
3.2081-02
6.5141-02
,.173E-01
1.96,E-01
3.1631-0,

,.895E-01
3.048~01

3.4051-0,
4.0411-0,

1.3346-03
1.9258-03
2.622E-03
3.4368-03
4.3727X-03
5.4178-03
2.2541-02
5.3008-02
9.875E-02
.62OE-01
2.455E-0,
3.5521-0,
5.0661-0,

5.573E-05
9.672E-05
1.538%04
2.2971-04
3.2791-04
4.5191-04
3.7231-03
,.295E-02
3.1651-02
6.3791-02
l.l4OE-01

1.332E-03
1.9278-03
2.6298-03
3.437E-03
4.364E-03
5.4,7L-03
2.24&S-02
5.254E-02
9.712E-02
1.5791-0,
2.3701-0,

2.444,,-06
5.0741-06
9.4008-06
,.607E-05
2.5858-05
3.95OE-05
6.407~~04
3.379E-03
,.,O,E-02
2.7776-02
5.9641-02
l.l55E-0,
2.1118-0,

.122E-01
2.045~01

2.44OE-06
5.0801-06
9.4231-06
1.6071-05
2.5801-05
3.9491-05
6.4751-04
3.36Oe03
,.089E-02
2.7298-02
5.8226-02

~1.,298+W~6.8688-03~5.282E-05~4.43,~-07~3.886d-09~3.501E-11~3.210E-13
2.1121-04
3.543~06
6.2131-08
1.1321+00
1.3743-02
4.7551-04
.,96E-05
3.144E-07
1.135E*W
2.0641-02
0.4871-04
2.0441-05
9.9603-07
,.,43E+W
2.7651-02
1.3338-03
5.5701-05
2.443!+06
1.,52E+W
3.477E-02
,.923E-03
9.654E-05
5.0721-06
1.150E+W
4.1068-02
2.620E-03
1.534~~04
9.395E-06
1.163E*W
4.8931-02
3.434Fr03
2.2958-04
1.6061-05
,.171E*W
5.6106-02
4.3701-03
3.264E-01
2.5841-05
,.,028+00
6.363E-02
5.4161-03
4.5198-04
3.9491-05
l.lPlE*W
7.1078-02
2.2651-02
3.746E-03
6.5088-04
1.302E+W
,.509L-01
5.3618-02
1.3168-02
3.4048-03
,.444E+W
2.4248-0,
1.012~~01
3.2721-02
1.120~~02
,.622E+W
3.500X-01
I.B29E+W
4.762E-01
1.687E-0,
6.733E-02
2.0551-02
2.6048-0,
1.2318-0,
6.2116-02
2.066E+W
6.243,+0,
2.310E+W
7.957L-0,
3.006E-01
2.075E-01
1.211E-01
5.4498-0,
3.35&z-01
2.220E-0,
2.6208.00
l.O,OE+OO

,.129.+00~6.8628-03~5.277E-05/4.426.-0713.002E-09~3.497~-11~3.207S-13
2.119~~04
3.5531-06
6.23OE-00
1.137E*W
1.379%02
4.770E-04
1.1991-05
3.15311-07
1.1401+00
2.071E-02
8.4061-04
2.0431-05
9.96311-07
,.144E+W
2.7661-02

,.,54B+W
1.,6OE*W
1.1651+00
l.l72E+W
.183E+OO
1.192E*W
1.29lE+W
1.4llE+W
,.540E+W
1.699E+W
1.864E+W
2.0541+00
2.31iE*W

Rl(Afi)

1.1191-09
8.4951-09
3.590,,-08
l.OPPE-07
2.730E-07
5.9161-07
1.1568-06
2.091~~06
3.549B-06
1.165~~04
P.OPOE-04
3.9636-03
,.255E-02
3.256x-02
7.358E-02
1.53,~~01

,.,WE-07
2.7398-07
5.9,0B-07
1.1568-06
2.0P1E-06
3.5498-06
,.,6,E-04
P.O35E-04
3.908E-03
1.2268-02
3.144E-02
7.064L-02
1.4651-0,

6.091E-02
1.4268-0,

,.090E-07
2.7428-07
5.932L-07
1.1561-06
2.007L-06
3.540~~06
1.1598-04
0.99OE-01
3.0708-03
1.200E-02
3.079E-02

1.1221-09
8.5,6t-09
3.587~~08

I5

4.5926-02
1.0058-0,

5.653E-03
,.75lE-02

2.052E-1,
2.336E-10
,.3,6E-09
5.0378-09
1.5056-08
3.7933-00
0.46711-00
1.723E-07
3.2481-07
2.,25E-05
2.47.56-04
1.4346-03

5.039E-09
,.506E-08
3.7951-08
8.4696-06
,.723E-07
3.2486-07
2.,20E-05
2.466E-04
,.417E-03
5.537E-03
1.698E-02
4.4311-02
1.0451-0,

4.336E-02
1.0208-0,

5.03OE-09
1.507~~08
3.803i+00
8.4701-00
1.7206-07
3.2478-07
2.1171-05
2.455E-04
1.4051-03
5.4651-03
1.6671-02

2.057E-,,
2.3428-10
,.3,5E-09

I6

Table 4. I. Dimensionless
K values for two external radial cracks in a thick cylinder
loaded with a crack face pressure p(y) = A.[y/(RzRI)]

0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.09
O.,
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8

0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.09
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.6

0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.00
0.09
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.6

+l,)

,.12lE+W
,.,27E+W
,.,33E+OO
,.,36ErW
,.,43E+W
,.,53E+W
l.l58L+W
,.,67E+OO
,.,79E+W
,.,89E+W
,.339~+W
,.570E+W
,.095E+W
2.345,!+00
2.9551+00
3.727E+W
4.6,0~+00

1.126E+W
,.,32E+W
,.,34L+W
l.,37E+W
l.l46E+W
,.156E+W
,.162E+W
,.,60E+W
,.,77E+W
,.,POE+W
,.32,E+W
,.515E+W
,.7661+W
2.092E+OO
2.49,E+W
2.94,6+00
3.44OE+W

,.,27E+W
,.,3,E+W
1.1366*00
L.l39E+W
L.l486+W
,.,57H+W
,.,64E+W
l.,69E+W
,.70,,+W
l.lPOE+W
1.300E+W
,.476E+W
,.68,E+W
,.9358+00
2.23lE+W
2.5528+00
2.9,48+00

6.826E-03
1.3711-02
2.0641-02
2.7548-02
3.4591-02
4.1758-02
4.0046-02
5.6078-02
6.354E-02
7.0901-02
,.538L-0,
2.574L-0,
3.92OE-01
5.734,x-O
8.2141-01
l.l53E+W
.576E+W

6.852X-03
,.376E-02
2.0651-02
2.7561-02
3.4631X-02
4.182E-02
4.897E-02
5.6,OE-02
6.345E-02
7.1048-02
1.5231-0,
2.5098-01
3.7231-0,
5.25711-01
7.1098-01
9.5446-01
,.245L+W

6.855E-03
1.3731-02
2.066E-02
2.759L-02
3.4671-02
4.1061-02
4.9011-02
5.6141-02
6.3471-02
7.104~-02
1.513%0
2.4631-01
3.592L-0,
4.9621-01
6.6121-01
8.5551-01
,.095E+W

5.253E-05
2.108E-04
4.758E-04
8.4611-04
1.3278-03
,.920,X-03
2.6171-03
3.429E-03
4.365E-03
5.4106-03
2.290E-02
5.62OE-02
1.1061-01
,.955E-01
3.247x-01
5.146E-0,
7.834E-01

5.2712~05
2.1156-04
4.7508~04
8.4631-04
,.328E-03
,.922E-03
2.623E-03
3.430+03
4.3598-03
5.415E-03
2.2601-02
5.5101-02
,.062E-01
1.024,X-0,
2.9138-0,
4.4031-01
6.447E-01

5.2731-05
2.1126-04
4.7626-w
8.4691-W
1.329E-03
1.923X-03
2.6241-03
3.432E-03
4.36OE-03
5.4,4~-03
2.269E-02
5.4311-02
1.0338-01
1.743E-01
2.7251-0,
4.0321-01
5.01311-01

4.4001-07
3.537L-06
1.,97~-05
2.837E-05
5.5576-05
9.6421-05
1.5331-04
2.293~~04
3.28lE-04
4.5151-04
3.7801-03
1.367L-02
3.5191-02
7.603E-02
1.4791-01
2.672X-0,
4.550,X-0

4.4231-07
3.5488-06
1.1971-05
2.837E-05
5.56,E-05
9.653E-05
1.5361-04
2.2941-04
3.2761-W
4.5,&T-04
3.765E-03
,.346E-02
3.4038-02
7.170E-02
1.351E-0,
2.342&.-01
3.0638-0,

4.424E-07
3.5421-W
1.1971-05
2.839E-05
5.564,,-05
9.6571-05
,.536E-04
2.2941-W
3.277~~04
4.510~~04
3.7496-03
1.330X-02
3.326b02
6.913L-02
,.270!+01
2.1761-0,
3.644&l

wc4d-fm

3.8671-09
6.2041-00
3.1491-07
9.9461-07
2.4351-06
5.067E-06
9.39lE-06
,.605,X-05
2.5821-05
3.946E-05
6.560.E~04
3.5171-03
1.19011-02
3.,66E-02
7.264E-02
1.5O41-0,
2.007E-0,

3.8791-09
6.2231-00
3.140E-07
9.9461-07
2.4361-W
5.0711-06
9.4091-06
1.6066-05
2.579E-05
3.949x-05
6.5341-04
3.47OE-03
1.1571-02
3.014E-02
6.718L-02
.342E-01
2.5021-01

3.0006-09
6.2111-00
3.,4PE-07
9.9511-07
2.4370-W
5.074X-06
9.4121-06
1.606E-05
2.5791-05
3.940E-05
6.5,2E-04
3.436L-03
1.1351-02
2.9191-02
6.4lOE-02
1.2611-01
2.3241-01

3.40411-11
1.11011-09
0.5071-09
3.5831-W
1.0961-07
2.736E-07
5.9141-07
1.155X-06
2.0091-06
3.5451-06
I.l74l-04
9.3531-W
4.1791-03
1.3731-02
3.7321-02
8.8P4E-02
l.P26L-01

3.495X-11
1.1211-09
0.505L-09
3.502X-00
1.0961-07
2.730lS-07
5.9251-07
,.,55E-06
2.006E-06
3.5401-W
1.1681-W
9.244~~04
4.070X-03
,.316E-02
3.405E-02
0.0461-02
1.6991-0,

3.4961-11
l.llPE-0P
0.500X-09
3.504X-00
l.OP7l-07
2.739X-07
5.92611-07
1.1550~06
2.0861-06
3.540~~06
1.1651-04
9.166X-04
4.0101-03
1.20OF.-02
3.34611-02
7.6191-02
1.5931-01

3.1961-13
2.05OE-11
2.340E.-10
,.314k0P
5.0221-09
,.504E-00
3.7931-00
0.4621-00
1.722.X-07
3.245E-07
2.1391-05
2.5421-04
1.50311-03
6.117L-03
1.975X-02
5.432S-02
1.331L-01

3.205E-13
2.056x-U
2.339k10
1.314X-09
5.0241-0P
1.5051-W
3.7PPL-00
8.4631-W
1.71PE-07
3.247%-07
2.13LE-05
2.516E-04
1.4711-03
5.0910-03
1.059?.-02
4.9691-02
1.1901-01

3.2060-13
2.05=-11
2.3400-10
1.3141-09
5.0261-o)
1.506I-o(
3.00004
0.4640-00
1.7lP0-07
3.247B-02
2.125X-05
2.49~~04
1.44P-03
5.74%-03
1.7930-02
4.735L-02
1.1241-01

Table 4.2. Dimensionless

192

Technical Note

The dimensionless K solutions presented offer a way of obtaining accurate K values using the minimum of computing for cracked
thick cylinder under polynomial crack face loading. The estimated errors associated with the K values in the tables are less than 1%.
Consequently, the main source of error in their use will be in the least squares approximation of the crack face loading p(y).

EXAMPLES
The following examples demonstrate the use and accuracy of the tabulated K values. The first example is for a single radial crack
in a thick cylinder (RI/RI = 2.0) subject to a uniform tension P on the outer surface. The hoop stress in the unflawed configuration is
given by [9]:
00 = PRz2( I
which can be approximated

t R,2/r2)/(Rz - RI), R, G r s R1,

(7)

by the following polynomial

P(Y)=P&r,]y/@-R,)],

0cy~(R~-R,),

(8)

ao = 2.664, a, = - 2.568, a2 = 3.165,

(9)

where the coefficients for the polynomial a, are given by:

The results are presented in Table 5 where comparisons have been made with the work of Parker and Andrasic[B], and Bowie and
Freese[l]. Note that the y for the polynomial starts from the crack mouth, hence I = RI t Y.
The second example is for two external radial cracks in a thick cylinder subject to constant internal pressure P. For this case the
hoop stress in the unflawed configuration is given by:
US = PR12(l
which again can be approximated

t R22/r2)/(R22- RI), RI s r SRI

(IO)

by a polynomial (8) where

(II)

Again note that in this case r = R? - y. Results are presented in Table 6. Comparisons have been made with the results of Tracy (61 and
Parker and Andrasic[8].

RESULTS
For convenience of tabulation the real numbers in Tables I.142

have been written in the form:

nn nnEsnn

(12)

where nn is a string of numeric characters and s is a sign, and the letter E represents a power of ten by which the preceding number is
to be multiplied. (e.g. l.E-6 represents the value 1.0 x 10-h.)
Table 5. Results of test calculations for a single internal radial crack in a thick cylinder loaded with uniform
external tension P. KN = Pd(?ra)

.
i Q-R,

Present

0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.03
0.09
0.1
:::
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8

York

-r

-r

K, fi.

KI&

2.956
2.931
2.893
2.864
2.850
2.840
2.822
2.804
2.191
2.795
2.781
2.852
2.975
3.119
3.316
3.568
3.967

2.949
2.920
2.901
2.872
2.845
2.832
2.824
2.811
2.195
2.781
2.719
2.859
2.976
3.125
3.315
3.565
3.955

6 tiff.
-0.2
-0.4
0.3
0.3
-0.2
-0.3
0.1
0.2
-0.1
-0.3
-0.1
0.2
0.0
0.2
0.0
-0.1
-0.3

2.81
2.78
2.87
2.99
3.14
3.32
3.55
3.91

0.5
0.0
0.6
0.5
0.7
0.1
-0.5
-1.4

Table 6. Results of test calculations for two external radial cracks in a thick cylinder loaded with uniform
internal pressure P. KM = Pd/(?ra)

Pmsent

York

Parker

Tracy

d **draeic

Kr&

%DIIP.

0.4
0.5
0.1

0.308
0.343
0.395

-0.7
-,.5
-0.5

0.4529
0.5188
0.598?
0.7015

-O.,
-0.3
-0.1
-0.1

0.450
0.515
0.590
0.688

-0.9
-, .o
-1.4
-2.0

0.8632

0.3

h/h

KXA

$ Diff.

0.1
0.2
0.3

0.,!03
0.3482
0.3%8

0.3115
0.35w
0.3970

It:
0.6
0.7

0.4543
0.5204
0.5986
0.7021

0.8

0.8604

h-R, 1

Technical

Department of Mechanical
North Staflordshire
Beaconside,

193

Note

& Cioil Engineering,

C. P. ANDRASIC

and A. P. PARKER

Staflord,
England

REFERENCES
[l]
[2]
[3]
[4]
[S]
[6]
[7]
[E]
[9]

C. P. Andrasic and A. P. Parker, Weight functions for cracked, curved beams. Proc. 2nd Jnr. Conf. on Num. Methods in Fract.
Mechanics,
Swansea, pp. 67-78 (1980).
A. F. Grandt, Stress intensity factors for cracked holes and rings loaded with polynomial
crack face pressure distributions.
Inr. J.
Fract., 14, R221-R229.
(1978).
H. F. Bueckner A novel principle for the computation
of stress intensity factors. Z. Angew. Math. Mech. 50, 529-546 (1970).
J. R. Rice, Some remarks on Elastic Crack-Tip
Stress fields. Jnt. J. Solids Structures, 8, 751-758 (1972).
C. P. Andrasic,
Numerical
Methods
Applied to the Solution of Problems
in Fracture
Mechanics.
C.N.A.A.,
Ph.D., Thesis,
R.M.C.S.,
Shrivenham,
Wiltshire (198!).
P. G. Tracy, Elastic analysis of radial cracks emanating from the outer and inner surfaces of circular ring. Engng Frac. Mech. 11,
291-300 (1979).
0. L. Bowie and C. E. Freese, Elastic analysis for a radial crack in a circular ring. Engng Frac. Mech. 4, 315-321 (1972).
A. P. Parker and C. P. Andrasic, Stress intensity factors for multiply-cracked
thick cylinders and cracked ring segments. Dept. of
Civil Engng Technote MAT/28,
R.M.C.S.,
Shrivenham,
Wiltshire (1981).
S. P. Timoshenko
and J. N. Goodier, Theory of Elasticity.
McGraw Hill, New York (1951).
(Received

12 November

1982; receiued for publication

17 January

1983)