2011 Microchip Technology Inc.

Advance Information DS39919B-page 1

PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX
1.0 DEVICE OVERVIEW
This document defines the programming specifications
for the PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX family of 16-bit
microcontroller devices. This is required only for
developing programming support for the
PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX family. Users of any
one of these devices should use the development tools
that are already supporting the device programming.
The programming specifications are specific to the
following devices:
2.0 PROGRAMMING OVERVIEW
OF THE
PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX
FAMILY
This section describes the two methods
of programming the PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX
family of devices:
In-Circuit Serial Programming (ICSP)
Enhanced In-Circuit Serial Programming
(Enhanced ICSP)
The ICSP programming method is the most direct
method for programming the device. However, it is also
the slower of the two methods. It provides a native,
low-level programming capability to erase, program, and
verify the device. Section 3.0 Device Programming
ICSP describes the ICSP method.
The Enhanced ICSP method is a faster method, which
takes advantage of the programming executive, as
illustrated in Figure 2-1. The programming executive
provides the necessary functionality to erase, program
and verify the device through a command set. The
command set allows the programmer to program the
PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX devices without having
to deal with the low-level programming protocols of the
device. Section 4.0 Device Programming
Enhanced ICSP describes the ICSP method using the
programming executive.
FIGURE 2-1: PROGRAMMING SYSTEM
OVERVIEW FOR ENHANCED
ICSP METHOD
2.1 Power Requirements
Devices in the PIC24FXXKA1XX and
PIC24FXXKA3XX families are 3.3V supply designs.
The core, the peripherals and the I/O pins operate at
3.3V. The device can operate from 1.8V to 3.6V.
Devices in the PIC24FVXXKA3XX families are 5.0V
supply designs. The core, the peripherals and the I/O
pins operate at 3.3V. The device can operate from 2.0V
to 5.5V; an internal regulator operates the core logic at
3.25V.
Table 2-1 provides the pins that are required for
programming, which are indicated in Figure 2-3. Refer
to the appropriate device data sheet for complete pin
descriptions. Note that all power supply and ground
pins must be connected appropriately for
programming.
PIC24F08KA101 PIC24FV32KA301
(1)
PIC24F16KA101 PIC24FV16KA302
(1)
PIC24F08KA102 PIC24FV32KA302
(1)
PIC24F16KA102 PIC24FV16KA304
(1)
PIC24FV16KA301
(1)
PIC24FV32KA304
(1)
Note 1: Includes corresponding PIC24FXXKA30X
devices.
Programmer
Programming
Executive
On-Chip Memory
PIC24FXXKAXXX
PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX Flash Programming
Specifications
PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX
DS39919B-page 2 Advance Information 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
TABLE 2-1: PIN DESCRIPTIONS (DURING PROGRAMMING)
2.1.1 ON-CHIP VOLTAGE REGULATOR
CONNECTIONS
For PIC24FVXXKA3XX devices, an on-chip regulator
provides power to the core from the other VDD pins. A low
ESR capacitor (such as high-quality ceramic or tantalum)
must be connected to the VDDCORE pin (Figure 2-2). This
helps to maintain the stability of the regulator. The speci-
fications for core voltage and capacitance are listed in
Section 7.0 AC/DC Characteristics and Timing
Requirements.
PIC24FXXKA1XX and PIC24FXXKA3XX devices do not
use an on-chip regulator.
FIGURE 2-2: CONNECTIONS FOR THE
ON-CHIP REGULATOR
Pin Name
During Programming
Pin Name Pin Type Pin Description
MCLR/VPP MCLR/VPP P Programming Enable
VDD VDD P Power Supply
VSS VSS P Ground
VCAP VCAP P Stabilizing Capacitor for Voltage Regulator
(1)
PGECx PGC I Programming Pin Pair: Serial Clock
PGEDx PGD I/O Programming Pin Pair: Serial Data
Legend: I = Input, O = Output, P = Power
Note 1: PIC24FVXXKA3XX devices only.
VDD
VCAP
VSS
PIC24FVXXKA3XX
CEFC
5.0V
(10 F typ)
Note 1: These are typical operating voltages. Refer
to Section 7.0 AC/DC Characteristics and
Timing Requirements for the full operating
ranges of VDD and VDDCORE.
2011 Microchip Technology Inc. Advance Information DS39919B-page 3
PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX
FIGURE 2-3: PIN DIAGRAMS
P
I
C
2
4
F
(
V
)
X
X
K
A
X
0
1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
11
20-Pin SPDIP, SOIC
MCLR/VPP
PGEC2
PGED2
PGED1
PGEC3
PGED3
PGEC1
VDD
VSS
P
I
C
2
4
F
(
V
)
X
X
K
A
X
0
2
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
28-Pin PDIP, SOIC
MCLR/VPP
VSS
VDD
PGED1
PGEC1
PGED3
VDD
VSS
PGEC3
PGED2
PGEC2
28-Pin QFN
1011
2
3
6
1
18
19
20
21
22
12 1314
15
8
7
16
17
23 24 25 26 27 28
9
PIC24F(V)XXKAX02
5
4
VSS
PGED1
PGEC1
PGED2
PGEC2
V
D
D
P
G
E
C
3
P
G
E
D
3
M
C
L
R
/
V
P
P
V
D
D
V
s
s
10
11
2
3
4
5
6
1
1
8
1
9
2
0
2
1
2
2
1
2
1
3
1
4
1
5
3
8
8
7
4
4
4
3
4
2
4
1
4
0
3
9
1
6
1
7
29
30
31
32
33
23
24
25
26
27
28
3
6
3
4
3
5
9
PIC24F(V)XXKA304
3
7
P
G
E
C
3
P
G
E
D
3
V
D
D
V
S
S
VSS
VDD
PGED2
PGEC2
P
G
E
C
1
P
G
E
D
1
M
C
L
R
/
V
P
P
V
D
D
V
S
S
44-Pin QFN
VCAP
(1)
Note 1: PIC24FVXXKA3XX devices only. PIC24FXXKA3XX devices do not use VCAP.
VCAP
(1)
VCAP
(1)
VCAP
(1)
PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX
DS39919B-page 4 Advance Information 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
2.2 Memory Map
The program memory map for
PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX devices extends from
000000h to FFFFFEh. Code storage is located at the
base of the memory map and supports up to 11K
instruction words (about 32 Kbytes).
Additionally, PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX family
devices have an on-chip data EEPROM. This data
EEPROM is mapped to the program memory area from
location 7FFE00h to 7FFFFEh.
Table 2-2 provides the program memory and data
EEPROM size, and the number of memory rows
present in each device variant.
The erase operation can be done on one word, half of
a row or one row at a time. The program operation can
be done only one word at a time.
TABLE 2-2: MEMORY SIZES FOR PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX DEVICES
Locations 800000h through 8007FEh are reserved for
executive code memory. This region stores the
programming executive, the debugging executive and
the Diagnostic Words. The programming executive is
used for device programming and the debug executive
is used for in-circuit debugging. This region of memory
cannot be used to store user code.
The device Configuration registers are implemented
from location F80000h to F80010h, and can be erased
or programmed one register at a time. Table 2-3
provides the implemented Configuration registers and
their locations.
Locations, FF0000h and FF0002h, are reserved for the
Device ID registers. These bits can be used by the
programmer to identify the device type that is being
programmed. See Section 6.0 Device ID for more
information. The Device ID registers read out normally
even after code protection is applied.
Figure 2-4 depicts the memory map for the
PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX family variants.
TABLE 2-3: CONFIGURATION REGISTER
LOCATIONS
Device
Program Memory
Upper Address
(Instruction Words)
Rows
Data EEPROM Size
(Words)
Rows
PIC24F08KA10X 15FEh (2.75K) 88 256 32
PIC24F16KA10X 2BFEh (5.5K) 176 256 32
PIC24FV08KA30X
(1)
15FEh (2.75K) 88 256 32
PIC24FV16KA30X
(1)
2BFEh (5.5K) 176 256 32
PIC24FV32KA30X
(1)
57FEh (11K) 352 256 32
Note 1: Includes corresponding PIC24FXXKA3XX devices.
Configuration Register Address
FBS F80000
FGS F80004
FOSCSEL F80006
FOSC F80008
FWDT F8000A
FPOR F8000C
FICD F8000E
FDS F80010
2011 Microchip Technology Inc. Advance Information DS39919B-page 5
PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX
FIGURE 2-4: PROGRAM MEMORY MAP
000000h
Code Memory
C
o
n
f
i
g
u
r
a
t
i
o
n

M
e
m
o
r
y
S
p
a
c
e
(5632 x 24-bit)
800000h

Device ID
FEFFFEh
FF0000h
FFFFFEh
Reserved
Reserved
8007F4h
Programming Executive
7FFE00h
FF0002h
FF0004h
Reserved
(2 x 16-bit)
Note 1: The upper address boundaries for user program memory are device-specific. See Table 2-2 for details.
User Flash
8007F2h
Data EEPROM
Configuration Registers
F80010h
F80000h
Diagnostic Words
800800h
8007FEh
Code Memory
0015FEh/002BFEh/0057FEh
(1)
(1016 x 24-bit)
U
s
e
r

M
e
m
o
r
y





S
p
a
c
e
PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX
DS39919B-page 6 Advance Information 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
3.0 DEVICE PROGRAMMING
ICSP
The ICSP method is a special programming protocol
that allows reading and writing to the
PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX device family memory.
ICSP is the most direct method used to program a
device; however, Enhanced ICSP is faster. The ICSP
mode also reads the contents of the executive memory
to determine if the programming executive is present.
This is accomplished by applying control codes and
instructions, serially to the device, using PGCx and
PGDx pins.
In ICSP mode, the system clock is taken from the
PGCx pin regardless of the devices oscillator
Configuration bits. All of the instructions are shifted
serially to an internal buffer, loaded into the Instruction
Register (IR), and then executed. No program is
fetched from the internal memory. Instructions are fed
in 24 bits at a time. PGDx is used to shift data in, and
PGCx is used as both the serial shift clock and the CPU
execution clock.
3.1 Overview of the Programming
Process
Figure 3-1 illustrates the high-level overview of the
programming process.
After entering the ICSP mode, perform the following:
1. Bulk Erase the device.
2. Program and verify the code memory.
3. Program and verify the data EEPROM memory.
4. Program and verify the device configuration.
5. Program the code-protect Configuration bits, if
required.
3.2 ICSP Operation
Upon entry into ICSP mode, the CPU is Idle. An
internal state machine governs the execution of the
CPU. A 4-bit control code is clocked in, using PGCx
and PGDx, and this control code is used to command
the CPU (see Table 3-1).
The SIX control code is used to send instructions to the
CPU for execution, and the REGOUT control code is
used to read data out of the device via the VISI register.
FIGURE 3-1: HIGHLEVEL ICSP
PROGRAMMING FLOW
TABLE 3-1: CPU CONTROL CODES IN
ICSP MODE
Note: During ICSP operation, the operating
frequency of PGCx should not exceed
8 MHz.
4-Bit
Control Code
Mnemonic Description
0000b SIX Shift in 24-bit instruction
and execute.
0001b REGOUT Shift out the VISI
(0784h) register.
0010b-1111b N/A This is reserved.
Start
Perform Bulk
Erase
Program Memory
Verify Program
End
Enter ICSP Mode
Program Configuration Bits
Verify Configuration Bits
Exit ICSP Mode
Program Data EEPROM Memory
Verify Data EEPROM Memory
2011 Microchip Technology Inc. Advance Information DS39919B-page 7
PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX
3.2.1 SIX SERIAL INSTRUCTION
EXECUTION
The SIX control code allows execution of
PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX family assembly
instructions. When the SIX code is received, the CPU is
suspended for 24 clock cycles as the instruction is then
clocked into the internal buffer. Once the instruction is
shifted in, the state machine allows it to be executed
over the next four PGC clock cycles. While the received
instruction is executed, the state machine simultane-
ously shifts in the next 4-bit command (see Figure 3-2).
Coming out of Reset, the first 4-bit control code is
always forced to SIX, and a forced NOP instruction is
executed by the CPU. Five additional PGCx clocks are
needed on start-up; thereby resulting in a 9-bit SIX
command, instead of the normal 4-bit SIX command.
After the forced SIX is clocked in, the ICSP operation
resumes to normal. That is, the next 24 clock cycles
load the first instruction word to the CPU.
3.2.1.1 Differences Between SIX Instruction
Execution and Normal Instruction
Execution
There are some differences between executing
instructions using the SIX ICSP command and normal
device instruction execution. As a result, the code
examples in this specification might not match those
required to perform the same operations during normal
device operation.
The differences are:
Two-word instructions require 2 SIX operations to
clock in all the necessary data.
Examples of two-word instructions are GOTO and
CALL.
Two-cycle instructions require 2 SIX operations to
complete. The first SIX operation shifts in the
instruction and begins to execute it. A second SIX
operation, which should shift in a NOP to avoid
losing data, allows the CPU clocks required to
finish executing the instruction.
Examples of two-cycle instructions are table read
and table write instructions.
The CPU does not automatically stall to account
for pipeline changes. A CPU stall occurs when an
instruction modifies a register, which is used by
the instruction immediately following the CPU stall
for Indirect Addressing. During normal operation,
the CPU forces a NOP while the new data is read.
To account for this, while using ICSP, any indirect
references to a recently modified register should
be proceeded with a NOP.
For example, MOV #0x0,W0 followed by MOV
[W0],W1 must have a NOP inserted in between.
If a two-cycle instruction modifies a register, which
is used indirectly, it requires two following NOPs;
one to execute the second half of the instruction
and the other to stall the CPU to correct the
pipeline.
For example, TBLWTL [W0++],[W1] should be
followed by 2 NOPs.
The device Program Counter (PC) continues to
automatically increment during the ICSP
instruction execution, even though the Flash
memory is not being used. As a result, it is
possible for the PC to be incremented so that it
points to invalid memory locations.
Examples of invalid memory spaces are
unimplemented Flash addresses or the vector
space (location 0x0 to 0x1FF).
If the PC ever points to these locations, it causes
the device to reset, possibly interrupting the ICSP
operation. To prevent this, instructions should be
periodically executed to reset the PC to a safe
space. The optimal method of achieving this is to
perform a GOTO 0x200.
3.2.2 REGOUT SERIAL INSTRUCTION
EXECUTION
The REGOUT control code allows for the data to be
extracted from the device in the ICSP mode. It is used
to clock the contents of the VISI register out of the
device over the PGDx pin. After the REGOUT control
code is received, the CPU is held Idle for 8 cycles. After
this, an additional 16 cycles are required to clock the
data out (see Figure 3-3).
The REGOUT code is unique, as the PGDx pin is an
input when the control code is transmitted to the
device. However, after the control code is processed,
the PGDx pin becomes an output as the VISI register is
shifted out.
Note: To account for this forced NOP, all example
codes in this specification begin with a
NOP to ensure that no data is lost.
Note 1: After the contents of VISI are shifted out,
the PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX
devices maintain PGDx as an output until
the first rising edge of the next clock is
received.
2: Data changes on the falling edge and
latches on the rising edge of PGCx. For
all data transmissions, the Least
Significant bit (LSb) is transmitted first.
PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX
DS39919B-page 8 Advance Information 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
FIGURE 3-2: SIX SERIAL EXECUTION
FIGURE 3-3: REGOUT SERIAL EXECUTION
P4
2 3 1 2 3 23 24 1 2 3 4
P1
PGCx
P4A
PGDx
24-Bit Instruction Fetch
Execute PC 1,
1 6
0 0 0 0
Fetch SIX
4 5 6 7 8 18 19 20 21 22 17
LSB X X X X X X X X X X X X X X MSB
PGDx = Input
P2
P3
P1B
P1A
7 8 9
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Only for
Program
Memory Entry
Control Code
4 5
Execute 24-Bit
Instruction, Fetch
Next Control Code
0 0
1 2 3 4 1 2 7 8
PGCx
P4
PGDx
PGDx = Input
Execute Previous Instruction, CPU Held in Idle Shift Out VISI Register<15:0>
P5
PGDx = Output
1 2 3 1 2 3 4
P4A
11 13 15 16 14 12
No Execution Takes Place,
Fetch Next Control Code
0
0 0 0 0
PGDx = Input
MSb 1 2 3 4 1
4 5 6
LSb 14 13 12
...
11 10 0
Fetch REGOUT Control Code
0
2011 Microchip Technology Inc. Advance Information DS39919B-page 9
PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX
3.3 Entering ICSP Mode
3.3.1 LOW-VOLTAGE ICSP ENTRY
As illustrated in Figure 3-4, the following processes are
involved in entering ICSP Program/Verify mode using
MCLR:
1. MCLR is briefly driven high, then low.
2. A 32-bit key sequence is clocked into PGDx.
3. MCLR is then driven high within a specified
period of time and held.
The programming voltage VIH IS applied to MCLR; this
is VDD in the case of PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX
devices. There is no minimum time requirement for
holding at VIH. After VIH is removed, an interval of at
least P18 must elapse before presenting the key
sequence on PGDx.
The key sequence is a specific 32-bit pattern:
0100 1101 0100 0011 0100 1000 0101
0001 (more easily remembered as 4D434851h in
hexadecimal). The device will enter Program/Verify
mode only if the sequence is valid. The Most Significant
bit (MSb) of the most significant nibble must be shifted in
first.
Once the key sequence is complete, VIH must be
applied to MCLR and held at that level for as long as the
Program/Verify mode is to be maintained. An interval of
at least P19 and P7 must elapse before presenting data
on PGDx. Signals appearing on PGCx before P7 has
elapsed would not be interpreted as valid.
3.3.2 HIGH-VOLTAGE ICSP ENTRY
Entering the ICSP Program/Verify mode, using the VPP
pin, is the same as entering the mode using MCLR.
The only difference is the programming voltage applied
to VPP is VIHH, and before presenting the key sequence
on PGDx, an interval of at least P18 should elapse (see
Figure 3-5).
Once the key sequence is complete, an interval of at
least P7 should elapse, and the voltage should remain
at VIHH. The voltage, VIHH, must be held at that level for
as long as the Program/Verify mode is to be main-
tained. An interval of at least P7 must elapse before
presenting the data on PGDx.
Signals appearing on PGDx before P7 has elapsed will
not be interpreted as valid.
Upon a successful entry, the program memory can be
accessed and programmed in serial fashion. While in
ICSP mode, all unused I/Os are placed in a
high-impedance state.
3.3.3 CODE-PROTECT ICSP ENTRY
When code protection is employed on the
PIC24FXXKA3XX devices (BWRP, GSS0 or
GWRP = 0), then the voltage on VDD must be above
VBULK in order to erase, and then program the device.
Care must be taken in the design and layout of a board
so that any parts connected to VDD can withstand what
may be an increase in voltage if the device is running
below VBULK.
FIGURE 3-4: ENTERING ICSP MODE USING LOW-VOLTAGE ENTRY
FIGURE 3-5: ENTERING ICSP MODE USING HIGH-VOLTAGE ENTRY
MCLR
PGDx
PGCx
VDD
P6
P14
b31 b30 b29 b28 b27 b2 b1 b0 b3
...
Program/Verify Entry Code = 4D434851h
P1A
P1B
P18
P19
0 1 0 0 0 0
P7
VIH
VIH
1 0 1
VPP
PGDx
PGCx
VDD
P6
b31 b30 b29 b28 b27 b2 b1 b0 b3
...
Program/Verify Entry Code = 4D434851h
P1A
P1B
P18
0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1
VIHH
VIH
P7
PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX
DS39919B-page 10 Advance Information 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
3.4 Flash Memory Programming in
ICSP Mode
3.4.1 PROGRAMMING OPERATIONS
The NVMCON register controls the Flash memory write
and erase operations. To program the device, set the
NVMCON register to select the type of erase operation
(see Table 3-2) or write operation (see Table 3-3). Set
the WR control bit (NVMCON<15>) to initiate the
program.
In ICSP mode, all programming operations are
self-timed. There is an internal delay between setting
and automatic clearing of the WR control bit when the
programming operation is complete. Refer to
Section 7.0 AC/DC Characteristics and Timing
Requirements for information on the delays
associated with various programming operations.
3.4.2 STARTING AND STOPPING A
PROGRAMMING CYCLE
The WR bit (NVMCON<15>) is used to start an erase
or write cycle. Initiate the programming cycle by setting
the WR bit.
All erase and write cycles are self-timed. The WR bit
should be polled to determine if the erase or write cycle
is complete. Start a programming cycle as follows:
BSET NVMCON, #WR
TABLE 3-3: NVMCON VALUES FOR
WRITE OPERATIONS
TABLE 3-2: NVMCON VALUES FOR
ERASE OPERATIONS
NVMCON
Value
Erase Operation
4064h Erase the code memory and
Configuration registers (does not erase
programming executive code and
Device ID registers).
404Ch Erase the general segment and
Configuration bits associated with it.
4068h Erase the boot segment and
Configuration bits associated with it.
405Ah
(1)
Erase four rows of code memory.
4059h
(1)
Erase two rows of code memory.
4058h
(1)
Erase a row of code memory.
4050h Erase the entire data EEPROM
memory and Configuration bits
associated with it.
405Ah
(1)
Erase eight words of data EEPROM
memory.
4059h
(1)
Erase four words of data EEPROM
memory.
4058h
(1)
Erase one word of data EEPROM
memory.
4054h Erase all the Configuration registers
(except the code-protect fuses).
4058h
(1)
Erase Configuration registers except
FBS and FGS.
Note 1: The destination address decides the
region (code memory, data EEPROM
memory or Configuration register) of the
erased rows/words.
NVMCON
Value
Write Operation
4004h
(1)
Write one Configuration register.
4004h
(1)
Program one row (32 instruction words)
of code memory or executive memory.
4004h
(1)
Program one word of data EEPROM
memory.
Note 1: The destination address decides the
region (code memory, data EEPROM
memory or Configuration register) of the
erased rows/words.
2011 Microchip Technology Inc. Advance Information DS39919B-page 11
PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX
3.5 Erasing Program Memory
To erase the program memory (all of code memory,
data memory and Configuration bits, including the
code-protect bits), set the NVMCON to 4064h and then
execute the programming cycle.
Figure 3-6 illustrates the ICSP programming process
for Bulk Erase. This process includes the ICSP
command code, which must be transmitted (for each
instruction), LSB first, using the PGCx and PGDx pins
(see Figure 3-2).
Table 3-4 provides the steps for executing serial
instruction for the Bulk Erase mode.
FIGURE 3-6: BULK ERASE FLOW
TABLE 3-4: SERIAL INSTRUCTION EXECUTION FOR CHIP ERASE
Note: Program memory must be erased before
writing any data to program memory.
End
Set the WR bit to Initiate Erase
Write 4064h to NVMCON SFR
Delay P11 + P10 Time
Start
Command
(Binary)
Data
(Hex)
Description
Step 1: Exit the Reset vector.
0000
0000
0000
000000
040200
000000
NOP
GOTO 0x200
NOP
Step 2: Set the NVMCON to erase the entire program memory.
0000
0000
24064A
883B0A
MOV #0x4064, W10
MOV W10, NVMCON
Step 3: Set the TBLPAG and perform dummy table write to select the erased memory.
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
200000
880190
200000
BB0800
000000
000000
MOV #<PAGEVAL>, W0
MOV W0, TBLPAG
MOV #0x0000, W0
TBLWTL W0, [W0]
NOP
NOP
Step 4: Initiate the erase cycle.
0000
0000
0000
A8E761
000000
000000
BSET NVMCON, #WR
NOP
NOP
Step 5: Repeat this step to poll the WR bit (bit 15 of NVMCON) until it is cleared by the hardware.
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0001
0000
000000
040200
000000
803B02
883C22
000000
<VISI>
000000
NOP
GOTO 0x200
NOP
MOV NVMCON, W2
MOV W2, VISI
NOP
Clock out the contents of the VISI register.
NOP
PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX
DS39919B-page 12 Advance Information 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
3.6 Writing Code Memory
The procedure for writing code memory is the same as
writing the Configuration registers. The difference is
that the 32 instruction words are programmed one at a
time. To facilitate this operation, working registers,
W0:W5, are used as temporary holding registers for the
data to be programmed. Figure 3-8 illustrates the code
memory writing flow.
Table 3-5 provides the ICSP programming details,
including the serial pattern with the ICSP command
code, which must be transmitted LSB first, using the
PGCx and PGDx pins (see Figure 3-2).
In Step 1 of Table 3-5, the Reset vector is exited; in
Step 2, the NVMCON register is initialized for
programming a full row of code memory, and in Step 3,
the 24-bit starting destination address for programming
is loaded into the TBLPAG register and W7 register.
The upper byte of the starting destination address is
stored in TBLPAG and the lower 16 bits of the
destination address are stored in W7.
To minimize the programming time, a packed
instruction format is used (see Figure 3-7).
In Step 4 of Table 3-5, four packed instruction words
are stored in working registers, W0:W5, using the MOV
instruction. The Read Pointer, W6, is initialized.
Figure 3-7 illustrates the contents of W0:W5 holding
the packed instruction word data. In Step 5, eight
TBLWT instructions are used to copy the data from
W0:W5 to the write latches of the code memory. Since
code memory is programmed 32 instruction words at a
time, Steps 3 to 5 are repeated eight times to load all
the write latches (see Step 6).
After the write latches are loaded, initiate programming
by writing to the NVMCON register in Steps 7 and 8. In
Step 9, the internal PC is reset to 200h. This is a
precautionary measure to prevent the PC from
incrementing to unimplemented memory when large
devices are being programmed. Finally, in Step 10,
repeat Steps 3 through 9 until all of the code memory is
programmed.
FIGURE 3-7: PACKED INSTRUCTION
WORDS IN W0:W5
15 8 7 0
W0 LSW0
W1 MSB1 MSB0
W2 LSW1
W3 LSW2
W4 MSB3 MSB2
W5 LSW3
TABLE 3-5: SERIAL INSTRUCTION EXECUTION FOR WRITING CODE MEMORY
Command
(Binary)
Data
(Hex)
Description
Step 1: Exit the Reset vector.
0000
0000
0000
000000
040200
000000
NOP
GOTO 0x200
NOP
Step 2: Set the NVMCON to program 32 instruction words.
0000
0000
24004A
883B0A
MOV #0x4004, W10
MOV W10, NVMCON
Step 3: Initialize the Write Pointer (W7) for TBLWT instruction.
0000
0000
0000
200xx0
880190
2xxxx7
MOV #<DestinationAddress23:16>, W0
MOV W0, TBLPAG
MOV #<DestinationAddress15:0>, W7
Step 4: Load W0:W5 with the next 4 instruction words to program.
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
2xxxx0
2xxxx1
2xxxx2
2xxxx3
2xxxx4
2xxxx5
MOV #<LSW0>, W0
MOV #<MSB1:MSB0>, W1
MOV #<LSW1>, W2
MOV #<LSW2>, W3
MOV #<MSB3:MSB2>, W4
MOV #<LSW3>, W5
2011 Microchip Technology Inc. Advance Information DS39919B-page 13
PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX
Step 5: Set the Read Pointer (W6) and load the (next set of) write latches.
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
EB0300
000000
BB0BB6
000000
000000
BBDBB6
000000
000000
BBEBB6
000000
000000
BB1BB6
000000
000000
BB0BB6
000000
000000
BBDBB6
000000
000000
BBEBB6
000000
000000
BB1BB6
000000
000000
CLR W6
NOP
TBLWTL [W6++], [W7]
NOP
NOP
TBLWTH.B [W6++], [W7++]
NOP
NOP
TBLWTH.B [W6++], [++W7]
NOP
NOP
TBLWTL [W6++], [W7++]
NOP
NOP
TBLWTL [W6++], [W7]
NOP
NOP
TBLWTH.B [W6++], [W7++]
NOP
NOP
TBLWTH.B [W6++], [++W7]
NOP
NOP
TBLWTL [W6++], [W7++]
NOP
NOP
Step 6: Repeat Steps 3 though 5, eight times to load the write latches for 32 instructions.
Step 7: Initiate the write cycle.
0000
0000
0000
A8E761
000000
000000
BSET NVMCON, #WR
NOP
NOP
Step 8: Repeat this step to poll the WR bit (bit 15 of NVMCON) until it is cleared by the hardware.
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0001
0000
040200
000000
803B02
883C22
000000
<VISI>
000000
GOTO 0x200
NOP
MOV NVMCON, W2
MOV W2, VISI
NOP
Clock out contents of the VISI register.
NOP
Step 9: Reset device internal PC.
0000
0000
040200
000000
GOTO 0x200
NOP
Step 10: Repeat Steps 3 through 9 until the entire code memory is programmed.
TABLE 3-5: SERIAL INSTRUCTION EXECUTION FOR WRITING CODE MEMORY (CONTINUED)
Command
(Binary)
Data
(Hex)
Description
PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX
DS39919B-page 14 Advance Information 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
FIGURE 3-8: PROGRAM CODE MEMORY FLOW
Start Write Sequence
All
locations
done?
No
End
Start
Yes
Load 2 Bytes
to Write
Buffer at <Addr>
All
bytes
written?
No
Yes
and Poll for WR bit
to be Cleared
N = 1
LoopCount = 0
Configure
Device for
Writes
N = 1
LoopCount =
LoopCount + 1
N = N + 1
2011 Microchip Technology Inc. Advance Information DS39919B-page 15
PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX
3.7 Writing Data EEPROM
Figure 3-9 illustrates the flow of programming the data
EEPROM memory. The procedure is the same as
writing code memory. The only difference is that only
one word is programmed in each operation. When
writing data EEPROM, one word is programmed during
each operation. Working register, W0, is used as a
temporary holding register for the data to be
programmed.
Table 3-6 provides the ICSP programming details for
writing data EEPROM.
TABLE 3-6: INSTRUCTION EXECUTION FOR WRITING DATA EEPROM
Note: When writing to EEPROM, always set the
TBLPAG register to 7Fh. This is the upper
byte address of all locations of data
EEPROM.
Command
(Binary)
Data
(Hex)
Description
Step 1: Exit the Reset vector.
0000
0000
0000
000000
040200
000000
NOP
GOTO 0x200
NOP
Step 2: Set the NVMCON to program 1 data word.
0000
0000
24004A
883B0A
MOV #0x4004, W10
MOV W10, NVMCON
Step 3: Initialize the Write Pointer (W7) for TBLWT instruction.
0000
0000
0000
2007F0
880190
2FExx7
MOV #0x7F, W0
MOV W0, TBLPAG
MOV #<DestinationAddress15:0>, W7
Step 4: Load W0 with the data word to program and load the write latch.
0000
0000
0000
0000
2xxxx0
BB1B80
000000
000000
MOV #<Data_Word_Value>, W0
TBLWTL W0, [W7++]
NOP
NOP
Step 5: Initiate the write cycle.
0000
0000
0000
A8E761
000000
000000
BSET NVMCON, #WR
NOP
NOP
Step 6: Repeat this step to poll the WR bit (bit 15 of NVMCON) until it is cleared by the hardware.
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
00001
0000
040200
000000
803B02
883C22
000000
<VISI>
000000
GOTO 0x200
NOP
MOV NVMCON, W2
MOV W2, VISI
NOP
Clock out contents of the VISI register.
NOP
Step 7: Reset device internal PC.
0000
0000
040200
000000
GOTO 0x200
NOP
Step 8: Repeat Steps 4 through 7 until the entire data EEPROM memory is programmed.
PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX
DS39919B-page 16 Advance Information 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
FIGURE 3-9: PROGRAM DATA EEPROM MEMORY FLOW
Start Write Sequence
All
locations
done?
No
End
Start
Yes
Load 2 Bytes
to Write
Buffer at <Addr>
and Poll for WR bit
to be Cleared
LoopCount = 0
Configure
Device for
Writes
LoopCount =
LoopCount + 1
2011 Microchip Technology Inc. Advance Information DS39919B-page 17
PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX
3.8 Writing Configuration Registers
The procedure for writing the Configuration registers is
the same as for writing code memory. The only differ-
ence is that only one word is programmed in each
operation. When writing Configuration registers, one
word is programmed during each operation; only work-
ing register, W0, is used as a temporary holding
register for the data to be programmed.
Table 3-7 provides the default values of the
Configuration registers.
Table 3-7 provides the ICSP programming details for
programming the Configuration registers, including the
serial pattern with the ICSP command code, which
must be transmitted LSB first using the PGCx and
PGDx pins (see Figure 3-2). In Step 1 of Table 3-8, the
Reset vector is exited. In Step 2, the NVMCON register
is initialized for programming code memory. In Step 3,
the 24-bit starting destination address for programming
is loaded into the TBLPAG register and W7 register.
TABLE 3-7: DEFAULT VALUES FOR
CONFIGURATION REGISTER
SERIAL INSTRUCTION
Note: When writing to the Configuration regis-
ters, always set the TBLPAG register to
F8h. This is the upper byte address of all
locations of the Configuration registers.
Configuration
Registers
Value
FBS 0Fh
FGS 03h
FOSCSEL 87h
FOSC FFh
FWDT DFh
FPOR
(1)
FBh
FICD
(2)
C3h
FDS FFh
Note 1: The I2C2SEL bit (FPOR<4>) is not
implemented on PIC24FXXKAX01
devices and should be programmed as 1.
2: The FICD<6> bit is a reserved bit and
should be programmed as 1.
PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX
DS39919B-page 18 Advance Information 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
TABLE 3-8: SERIAL INSTRUCTION EXECUTION FOR WRITING CONFIGURATION REGISTERS
Command
(Binary)
Data
(Hex)
Command
(Binary)
Step 1: Exit the Reset vector.
0000
0000
0000
000000
040200
000000
NOP
GOTO 0x200
NOP
Step 2: Initialize the Write Pointer (W7) for the TBLWT instruction.
0000 200007 MOV #0x0000, W7
Step 3: Set the NVMCON register to program Configuration registers.
0000
0000
24004A
883B0A
MOV #0x4004, W10
MOV W10, NVMCON
Step 4: Initialize the TBLPAG register.
0000
0000
200F80
880190
MOV #0xF8, W6
MOV W0, TBLPAG
Step 5: Load the Configuration register data to W6.
0000 2xxxx6 MOV #<FBS_VALUE>, W6
Step 6: Write the Configuration register data to the write latch and increment the Write Pointer.
0000
0000
0000
0000
000000
BB1B86
000000
000000
NOP
TBLWTL W6, [W7++]
NOP
NOP
Step 7: Initiate the write cycle.
0000
0000
0000
A8E761
000000
000000
BSET NVMCON, #WR
NOP
NOP
Step 8: Repeat this step to poll the WR bit (bit 15 of NVMCON) until it is cleared by the hardware.
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0001
0000
040200
000000
803B02
883C22
000000
<VISI>
000000
GOTO 0x200
NOP
MOV NVMCON, W2
MOV W2, VISI
NOP
Clock out contents of the VISI register.
NOP
Step 9: Reset device internal PC.
0000
0000
040200
000000
GOTO 0x200
NOP
Step 10: Repeat Steps 5 through 9 to write other fuses, Load W6 with their respective values and W7 with their
respective addresses.
2011 Microchip Technology Inc. Advance Information DS39919B-page 19
PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX
3.9 Reading Code Memory
To read the code memory, execute a series of TBLRD
instructions and clock out the data using the REGOUT
command.
Table 3-9 provides the ICSP programming details for
reading code memory. In Step 1, the Reset vector is
exited. In Step 2, the 24-bit starting source address for
reading is loaded into the TBLPAG register and the W6
register. The upper byte of the starting source address
is stored in TBLPAG, and the lower 16 bits of the source
address are stored in W6.
To minimize the reading time, the packed instruction
word format, which was used for writing, is also used
for reading (see Figure 3-7). In Step 3, the Write
Pointer, W7, is initialized. In Step 4, two instruction
words are read from code memory, and clocked out of
the device through the VISI register, using the
REGOUT command. Step 4 is repeated until the
required amount of code memory is read.
TABLE 3-9: SERIAL INSTRUCTION EXECUTION FOR READING CODE MEMORY
Command
(Binary)
Data
(Hex)
Description
Step 1: Exit Reset vector.
0000
0000
0000
000000
040200
000000
NOP
GOTO 0x200
NOP
Step 2: Initialize TBLPAG and the Read Pointer (W6) for TBLRD instruction.
0000
0000
0000
200xx0
880190
2xxxx6
MOV #<SourceAddress23:16>, W0
MOV W0, TBLPAG
MOV #<SourceAddress15:0>, W6
Step 3: Initialize the Write Pointer (W7) to point to the VISI register.
0000
0000
207847
000000
MOV #VISI, W7
NOP
Step 4: Read and clock out the contents of the next two locations of code memory through the VISI register using
the REGOUT command.
0000
0000
0000
0001
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0001
0000
0000
0000
0000
0001
0000
BA1B96
000000
000000
<VISI>
000000
BADBB6
000000
000000
BAD3D6
000000
000000
<VISI>
000000
BA0BB6
000000
000000
<VISI>
000000
TBLRDL [W6], [W7]
NOP
NOP
Clock out contents of VISI register.
NOP
TBLRDH [W6++], [W7]
NOP
NOP
TBLRDH.B [++W6], [W7--]
NOP
NOP
Clock out contents of VISI register.
NOP
TBLRDL [W6++], [W7]
NOP
NOP
Clock out contents of VISI register.
NOP
Step 5: Reset device internal PC.
0000
0000
040200
000000
GOTO 0x200
NOP
Step 6: Repeat Steps 4 and 5 until the required code memory is read.
PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX
DS39919B-page 20 Advance Information 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
3.10 Reading Data EEPROM Memory
The procedure for reading data EEPROM memory is
the same as reading the code memory. The only differ-
ence is that the 16-bit data words are read instead of
the 24-bit words.
Table 3-10 provides the ICSP programming details for
reading data memory.
TABLE 3-10: SERIAL INSTRUCTION EXECUTION FOR READING DATA EEPROM MEMORY
Note: When reading from EEPROM, always set
the TBLPAG register to 7Fh. This is the
upper byte address of all locations of data
EEPROM.
Command
(Binary)
Data
(Hex)
Description
Step 1: Exit Reset vector.
0000
0000
0000
000000
040200
000000
NOP
GOTO 0x200
NOP
Step 2: Initialize TBLPAG and the Read Pointer (W6) for TBLRD instruction.
0000
0000
0000
2007F0
880190
2FExx6h
MOV #0x7F, W0
MOV W0, TBLPAG
MOV #<SourceAddress15:0>, W6;(FExx)
Step 3: Initialize the Write Pointer (W7) to point to the VISI register.
0000
0000
207847
000000
MOV #VISI, W7
NOP
Step 4: Read and clock out the contents of the next location of data EEPROM memory through the VISI register
using the REGOUT command.
0000
0000
0000
0001
0000
BA1B96
000000
000000
<VISI>
000000
TBLRDL [W6++], [W7]
NOP
NOP
Clock out contents of VISI register.
NOP
Step 5: Repeat Step 4 until the required data EEPROM memory is read.
Step 6: Reset device internal PC.
0000
0000
040200
000000
GOTO 0x200
NOP
2011 Microchip Technology Inc. Advance Information DS39919B-page 21
PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX
3.11 Reading Configuration Memory
The procedure for reading a Configuration register is
the same as reading the code memory. The only
difference is that the 16-bit data words are read (with
the upper byte read being all 0s) instead of the 24-bit
words. There are eight Configuration registers and they
are read one register at a time.
Table 3-11 provides the ICSP programming details for
reading all of the Configuration registers.
Note: When reading from the Configuration reg-
isters, always set the TBLPAG register to
F8h. This is the upper byte address of all
locations of the Configuration registers.
The Read Pointer, W6, should be
initialized to 00h.
TABLE 3-11: SERIAL INSTRUCTION EXECUTION FOR READING ALL THE CONFIGURATION
REGISTERS
Command
(Binary)
Data
(Hex)
Description
Step 1: Exit Reset vector.
0000
0000
0000
000000
040200
000000
NOP
GOTO 0x200
NOP
Step 2: Initialize TBLPAG, the Read Pointer (W6) and the Write Pointer (W7) for TBLRD instruction.
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
200F80
880190
200007
207847
000000
MOV #0xF8, W0
MOV W0, TBLPAG
MOV #0x0000,W6
MOV #VISI, W7
NOP
Step 3: Read the Configuration register and write it to the VISI register (located at 784h), and clock out the
VISI register using the REGOUT command.
0000
0000
0000
0001
BA0BB6
000000
000000
<VISI>
TBLRDL [W6++], [W7]
NOP
NOP
Clock out contents of VISI register.
Step 4: Repeat Step 3 to read other fuses. Load W6 with their respective address.
Step 5: Reset device internal PC.
0000
0000
040200
000000
GOTO 0x200
NOP
PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX
DS39919B-page 22 Advance Information 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
3.12 Verifying Code Memory, Data
EEPROM Memory and
Configuration Registers
To verify the code memory, read the code memory
space and compare it with the copy held in the
programmers buffer. To verify the data EEPROM and
Configuration registers, follow the similar procedure.
Figure 3-10 illustrates the verify process flowchart.
Memory reads occur 1 byte at a time, hence 2 bytes
must be read to compare with the word in the
programmers buffer. Refer to Section 3.9 Reading
Code Memory for implementation details of reading
code memory. On the same lines, the data EEPROM
and Configuration registers can be verified.
FIGURE 3-10: VERIFY CODE MEMORY
FLOW
Note: Code memory should be verified
immediately after writing if code protection
is enabled. Since Configuration registers
include the device code protection bit, the
device will not be readable or verifiable if a
device Reset occurs after the code-protect
bits are set (value = 0).
Read Low Byte
Read High Byte
Does
Word = Expect
Data?
All
code memory
verified?
No
Yes
No
Set TBLPTR = 0
Start
Yes
End
with Post-Increment
with Post-Increment
Failure
Report Error
2011 Microchip Technology Inc. Advance Information DS39919B-page 23
PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX
3.13 Reading the Application ID Word
The Application ID Word is stored in address 8007F0h
in the executive code memory. To read this memory
location, use the SIX control code to move this program
memory location to the VISI register. Then, the
REGOUT control code must be used to clock the
contents of the VISI register out of the device.
Table 3-12 provides the corresponding control and
instruction codes that must be serially transmitted to
the device to perform this operation.
After the programmer has clocked out the Application
ID Word, it must be inspected. If the Application ID has
the value, CBh, the programming executive resides in
the memory and the device can be programmed using
the mechanism described in Section 4.0 Device
Programming Enhanced ICSP. However, if the
Application ID has any other value, the programming
executive does not reside in the memory; it must be
loaded to memory before the device can be
programmed. Section 5.4 Programming the
Programming Executive to Memory describes the
procedure for loading the programming executive to
memory.
3.14 Exiting ICSP Mode
Exit the Program/Verify mode by removing VIH from
MCLR/VPP as illustrated in Figure 3-11. The only
requirement to exit is that an interval of P16 should
elapse between the last clock and program signals on
PGCx and PGDx before removing VIH.
FIGURE 3-11: EXITING ICSP MODE
MCLR/VPP
P16
PGDx
PGD = Input
PGCx
VDD
VIH/VIHH
VIH
P17
TABLE 3-12: SERIAL INSTRUCTION EXECUTION FOR READING THE APPLICATION ID WORD
Command
(Binary)
Data
(Hex)
Description
Step 1: Exit Reset vector.
0000
0000
0000
000000
040200
000000
NOP
GOTO 0x200
NOP
Step 2: Initialize TBLPAG and the Read Pointer (W0) for TBLRD instruction.
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
200800
880190
2057F0
207841
000000
BA0890
000000
000000
MOV #0x80, W0
MOV W0, TBLPAG
MOV #0x7F0, W0
MOV #VISI, W1
NOP
TBLRDL [W0], [W1]
NOP
NOP
Step 3: Output the VISI register using the REGOUT command.
0001
0000
<VISI>
000000
Clock out contents of the VISI register.
NOP
PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX
DS39919B-page 24 Advance Information 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
4.0 DEVICE PROGRAMMING
ENHANCED ICSP
This section describes the programming of the device
through Enhanced ICSP and the programming executive.
The programming executive resides in the executive
memory (separate from user memory space) and is exe-
cuted when Enhanced ICSP Programming mode is
entered. The programming executive provides the mech-
anism for the programmer (host device) to program and
verify the PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX devices using
a simple command set and communication protocol. The
basic functions provided by the programming executive
are:
Read Memory
Program Memory
Blank Check
Read Executive Firmware Revision
The programming executive performs the low-level
tasks required for erasing, programming and verifying
a device. This allows the programmer to program the
device by issuing the appropriate commands and data.
Table 4-1 provides these commands. For detailed
descriptions of each command, see Section 5.2
Programming Executive Commands.
TABLE 4-1: COMMAND SET SUMMARY
The programming executive uses the devices data
RAM for variable storage and program execution. After
the programming executive is run, no assumptions
should be made about the contents of the data RAM.
4.1 Overview of the Programming
Process
Figure 4-1 illustrates the high-level overview of the
programming process.
Perform the following steps:
1. Enter ICSP mode.
2. Erase the device.
3. Verify the programming executive.
4. Exit ICSP mode.
5. Enter Enhanced ICSP mode.
6. Program the code memory.
7. Verify the code memory.
8. Program the Configuration registers.
9. Verify the Configuration registers.
Steps 7 and 9 ensure that the programming was
successful.
After the programming executive is verified in
memory (or loaded if not present), the
PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX devices can be
programmed using the command set provided in
Table 4-1.
FIGURE 4-1: HIGH-LEVEL ENHANCED
ICSP PROGRAMMING FLOW
Note: The Programming Executive (PE) can be
located in the following folder within your
installation of MPLAB

IDE:
...\Microchip\MPLAB IDE\REAL ICE
and then selecting the hex PE file,
RIPE_01b_xxxxxx.hex.
Command Description
SCHECK Sanity check.
READC Read Device ID registers.
READD Read data EEPROM memory.
READP Read Code register.
PROGC Write User ID.
PROGD Program and verify one word of data
EEPROM memory.
PROGP
Program and verify one row of code
memory or one Configuration register.
QBLANK Query if the code memory is blank.
QVER Query the software version.
Start
End
Perform Chip
Erase
Program and Verify
Enter ICSP Mode
Program and Verify
Exit Enhanced ICSP Mode
Program and Verify
Code Memory
Data EEPROM Memory
Configuration Bits
Enter Enhanced ICSP Mode
Exit ICSP Mode
2011 Microchip Technology Inc. Advance Information DS39919B-page 25
PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX
4.2 Confirming the Presence of the
Programming Executive
Before beginning programming, confirm if the
programming executive is stored in the executive
memory and perform the following:
1. Enter In-Circuit Serial Programming mode
(ICSP).
2. Read the unique Application ID Word stored in
the executive memory.
Figure 4-2 illustrates this procedure.
If the programming executive is resident, the
Application ID Word is CBh, which means
programming can resume as normal. However, if the
Application ID Word is not CBh, the programming
executive must be programmed to executive code
memory using the method described in Section 5.4
Programming the Programming Executive to
Memory.
Section 3.0 Device Programming ICSP describes
the ICSP programming method. Section 3.13 Reading
the Application ID Word describes the procedure for
reading the Application ID Word in ICSP mode.
FIGURE 4-2: CONFIRMING PRESENCE
OF PROGRAMMING
EXECUTIVE
Is
Start
Enter ICSP Mode
Application ID
CBh?
Resident in Memory
Yes
No
Prog. Executive is
Application ID
Read the
be Programmed
Prog. Executive must
from Address
8007F0h
Finish
PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX
DS39919B-page 26 Advance Information 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
4.3 Entering Enhanced ICSP Mode
4.3.1 LOW-VOLTAGE ENTRY
Perform the following steps to enter Enhanced ICSP
Program/Verify mode using MCLR:
1. Briefly drive the MCLR pin high and then low.
2. Clock a 32-bit key sequence into PGDx.
3. Drive the MCLR high within a specified period
and continue to hold high.
Figure 4-3 illustrates this procedure.
The programming voltage applied to MCLR is VIH,
which is essentially VDD in the case of
PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX devices. There is no
minimum time requirement for holding at VIH. After VIH
is removed, an interval of at least P18 must elapse
before presenting the key sequence on PGDx.
The key sequence is a specific 32-bit pattern: 0100
1101 0100 0011 0100 1000 0101 0000(more eas-
ily remembered as 4D434850h in hexadecimal format).
The device will enter Program/Verify mode only if the key
sequence is valid. The MSB of the most significant nibble
must be shifted in first.
Once the key sequence is complete, VIH must be
applied to MCLR and held at that level for as long as
the Program/Verify mode is to be maintained. An
interval of at least P19 and P7 must elapse before
presenting data on PGDx. Signals appearing on PGDx
before P7 has elapsed will not be interpreted as valid.
4.3.2 HIGH-VOLTAGE ENTRY
The procedure for entering Enhanced ICSP
Program/Verify mode using the VPP pin is the same as
entering the mode using MCLR. The only differences
are that the programming voltage applied to VPP is
VIHH, and before presenting the key sequence on
PGDx, an interval of at least P18 should elapse.
Figure 4-4 illustrates this procedure.
Once the key sequence is complete, VIHH must be
applied to VPP and held at that level for as long as the
Program/Verify mode is to be maintained. An interval of
at least P19 and P7 should elapse before presenting
data on PGDx.
Signals appearing on PGDx before P7 has elapsed will
not be interpreted as valid.
On successful entry, the program memory can be
accessed and programmed in serial fashion. While in
the Program/Verify mode, all unused I/Os are placed in
the high-impedance state.
4.3.3 CODE-PROTECT ICSP ENTRY
When code protection is employed on the
PIC24FXXKA3XX devices (BWRP, GSS0 or
GWRP = 0), then the voltage on VDD must be above
VBULK in order to erase, and then program the device.
Care must be taken in the design and layout of a board
so that any parts connected to VDD can withstand what
may be an increase in voltage if the device is running
below VBULK.
2011 Microchip Technology Inc. Advance Information DS39919B-page 27
PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX
FIGURE 4-3: ENTERING ENHANCED ICSP MODE USING LOW-VOLTAGE ENTRY
FIGURE 4-4: ENTERING ENHANCED ICSP MODE USING HIGH-VOLTAGE ENTRY
MCLR
PGDx
PGCx
VDD
P6
P14
b31 b30 b29 b28 b27 b2 b1 b0 b3
...
Program/Verify Entry Code = 4D434850h
P1A
P1B
P18
P19
0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
P7
VIH VIH
VPP
PGDx
PGCx
VDD
P6
b31 b30 b29 b28 b27 b2 b1 b0 b3
...
Program/Verify Entry Code = 4D434850h
P1A
P1B
P18
0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
VIHH
P7
PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX
DS39919B-page 28 Advance Information 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
4.4 Blank Check
The term Blank Check implies verifying if the device
has been successfully erased and has no programmed
memory locations. A blank or erased memory location
is always read as 1.
The Device ID registers (FF0002h:FF0000h) can be
ignored by the Blank Check as this region stores device
information that cannot be erased. The device
Configuration registers are also ignored by the Blank
Check. Additionally, all unimplemented memory space
should be ignored by the Blank Check.
The QBLANK command is used for the Blank Check. It
determines if the code memory is erased by testing
these memory regions. A BLANK or NOT BLANK
response is returned. If it is determined that the device
is not blank, it must be erased before attempting to
program the device.
4.5 Code Memory Programming
4.5.1 PROGRAMMING METHODOLOGY
Code memory is programmed with the PROGP
command. PROGP programs one row of code memory,
starting from the memory address specified in the
command. The number of PROGP commands required
to program a device depends on the number of write
blocks that must be programmed in the device.
Figure 4-5 illustrates an example flowchart for
programming code memory. In this example, all 5.5K
instruction words of a PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX
device are programmed.
First, the number of commands to send (titled
RemainingCmds in the flowchart) is set to 176,
and the destination address (called
BaseAddress) is set to 0.
Next, one write block in the device is programmed
with a PROGP command. Each PROGP command
contains data for one row of code memory of the
PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX device.
After the first command is processed successfully,
RemainingCmds is decremented by 1 and
compared with 0.
Since there are more PROGP commands to be sent,
BaseAddress is incremented by 40h to point to the
next row of memory. On the second PROGP command,
the second row is programmed. This process is
repeated until the entire device is programmed. Special
handling should not be performed when a panel
boundary is crossed.
4.5.2 PROGRAMMING VERIFICATION
After the code memory is programmed, the contents of
the memory can be verified to ensure that the
programming is successful. Verification requires the
code memory to be read back and compared with the
copy held in the programmers buffer.
The READP command can be used to read back all of
the programmed code memory.
Alternatively, the programmer can perform the
verification after the entire device is programmed using
a checksum computation.
FIGURE 4-5: FLOWCHART FOR
PROGRAMMING CODE
MEMORY
Is
PROGP response
PASS?
Are
RemainingCmds
0?
BaseAddress = 00h
RemainingCmds = 176
RemainingCmds =
RemainingCmds 1
BaseAddress =
BaseAddress + 40h
No
No
Yes
Yes
Start
Failure
Report Error
Send PROGP
Command to Program
BaseAddress
End
2011 Microchip Technology Inc. Advance Information DS39919B-page 29
PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX
4.6 Data EEPROM Programming
4.6.1 PROGRAMMING METHODOLOGY
The programming executive uses the PROGD command
to program the data EEPROM. Figure 4.7 illustrates
this process.
First, the number of words to program
(RemainingWords) is based on the device size
and the destination address (DestAddress) is set
to 0. In this example, 256 words of data EEPROM
will be programmed.
The first PROGD command programs the first word
of data EEPROM.
Once the command completes successfully,
RemainingWords is decremented by 1 and
compared with 0.
Since there are 255 more words to program,
BaseAddress is incremented by 02h to point to
the next word of data EEPROM.
This process is then repeated until all 256 words
of data EEPROM are programmed.
4.6.2 PROGRAMMING VERIFICATION
Once the data EEPROM is programmed, the contents
of the memory can be verified to ensure the
programming was successful. Verification requires the
data EEPROM to be read back and compared with the
copy held in the programmers buffer. The READD
command reads back the programmed data EEPROM.
Alternatively, the programmer can perform the
verification once the entire device is programmed using
a checksum computation, as described in
Section 6.1.1 Checksum Computation.
FIGURE 4-6: FLOWCHART FOR
PROGRAMMING DATA
EEPROM
Is
PROGD response
PASS?
Are
RemainingWords
0?
RemainingWords = 256 (100h)
BaseAddress = 0
RemainingWords =
RemainingWords 1
BaseAddress =
BaseAddress + 02h
No
No
Yes
Yes
Start
Failure
Report Error
Send PROGD
Command to Program
BaseAddress
Finish
PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX
DS39919B-page 30 Advance Information 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
4.7 Configuration Bits Programming
The PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX family has eight
Configuration registers. The bits of these registers can
be set or cleared to select various device configura-
tions. There are three types of Configuration bits:
System Operation Bits
These bits determine the power-on settings for
system-level components, such as the oscillator and
Watchdog Timer.
Code-Protect Bits
These bits prevent program memory from being read
and written.
Device ID Bits
These are read-only bits, which are located from
FF0000 to FF0003, and are unique to every device.
Table 4-2 provides the Configuration registers.
4.7.1 PROGRAMMING METHODOLOGY
Configuration bits may be programmed, a single byte at
a time, using the PROGP command. This command
specifies the configuration data and Configuration
register address. When Configuration bits are
programmed, any unimplemented or reserved bits
must be programmed with a 1.
Eight PROGP commands are required to program the
Configuration bits. Figure 4-7 illustrates the flowchart
for Configuration bit programming.
4.7.2 PROGRAMMING VERIFICATION
After the Configuration bits are programmed, the
contents of memory should be verified to ensure that
the programming was successful. Verification requires
the Configuration bits to be read back and compared
against the copy held in the programmers buffer. The
READP command reads back the programmed
Configuration bits and verifies that the programming
was successful.
FIGURE 4-7: CONFIGURATION BIT PROGRAMMING FLOW
Note: If the General Segment Code-Protect bit
(GCP) is programmed to 0, code mem-
ory is code-protected and cannot be read.
Code memory must be verified before
enabling code protection. See
Section 4.7.3 Code-Protect Configura-
tion Bits for more information on
code-protect Configuration bits.
Send PROGP
Command
ConfigAddress = F80000h
Is
PROGP response
PASS?
No
Yes
No
Failure
Report Error
Start
End
Yes
Is
ConfigAddress
F80010h?
ConfigAddress =
ConfigAddress + 2
2011 Microchip Technology Inc. Advance Information DS39919B-page 31
PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX
4.7.3 CODE-PROTECT CONFIGURATION
BITS
The FBS and FGS Configuration registers are special
Configuration registers which control the code
protection for the boot segment and general segment,
respectively. For each segment, two forms of code
protection are provided. One form prevents code
memory from being written (write protection), while the
other prevents code memory from being read (read
protection).
The BWRP and GWRP bits control write protection and
the BSS0 and GSS0 bits control read protection.
When write protection is enabled, any programming
operation to code memory will fail. When read
protection is enabled, any read from code memory will
cause a 00h to be read, regardless of the actual
contents of code memory. Since the programming
executive always verifies what it programs, attempting
to program code memory with read protection enabled
also results in failure.
It is imperative that all code protection bits should be 1
while the device is being programmed and verified.
Only after the device is programmed and verified
should any of the above bits be programmed to 0 (see
Section 4.7 Configuration Bits Programming).
Note: All bits in the FBS and FGS Configuration
registers can only be programmed to a
value of 0.Bulk Erasing the chip is the
only way to reprogram code-protect bits
from on (0) to off (1).
TABLE 4-2: PIC24F(V)XXKAXXX FAMILY CONFIGURATION BITS DESCRIPTION
Bit Field Register Description
BOREN<1:0> FPOR<1:0> Brown-out Reset Enable bits
11 = Brown-out Reset enabled in hardware; SBOREN bit disabled
10 = Brown-out Reset enabled only while device is active and disabled in
Sleep; SBOREN bit disabled
01 = Brown-out Reset controlled with the SBOREN bit setting
00 = Brown-out Reset disabled in hardware; SBOREN bit disabled
BORV<1:0> FPOR<6:5> Brown-out Reset Voltage bits
For PIC24FXXKA1XX and PIC24FXXKA3XX devices:
11 = VBOR set to 1.8V min
10 = VBOR set to 2.7V min
01 = VBOR set to 3.0V min
For PIC24FVXXKA3XX devices:
11 = VBOR set to 2.0V min
10 = VBOR set to 2.7V min
01 = VBOR set to 3.0V min
For all devices:
00 = Downside protection on POR enabled Zero-power selected
BSS0 FBS<3> Boot Segment Program Flash Code Protection bit
1 = Standard security enabled
0 = High security enabled
BSZ<1:0> FBS<2:1> Boot Segment Program Flash Size Selection bits
(1)
11 = No boot program Flash segment
10 = Boot program Flash segment starts at 200h, ends at 000AFEh
01 = Boot program Flash segment starts at 200h, ends at 0015FEh
For PIC24FV32KA3XX devices:
00 = Reserved
For all other devices:
00 = Reserved
Note 1: Applies only to 28-pin devices.
2: The MCLRE fuse can only be changed when using the VPP-Based Test mode entry. This prevents a user
from accidentally locking out the device from low-voltage test entry.
PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX
DS39919B-page 32 Advance Information 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
BWRP FBS<0> Boot Segment Program Flash Write Protection bit
1 = Boot segment may be written
0 = Boot segment is write-protected
DEBUG FICD<7> Background Debugger Enable bit
1 = Background debugger disabled
0 = Background debugger functions enabled
DSWDTEN FDS<7> Deep Sleep Watchdog Timer Enable bit
1 = DSWDT enabled
0 = DSWDT disabled
DSWCKSEL FDS<4> DSWDT Reference Clock Select bit
1 = DSWDT uses LPRC as reference clock
0 = DSWDT uses SOSC as reference clock
DSWDTPS<3:0> FDS<3:0> Deep Sleep Watchdog Timer Postscale Select bits
The DSWDT prescaler is 32; this creates an approximate base time unit of
1 ms.
1111 = 1:2,147,483,648 (25.7 days)
1110 = 1:536,870,912 (6.4 days)
1101 = 1:134,217,728 (38.5 hours)
1100 = 1:33,554,432 (9.6 hours)
1011 = 1:8,388,608 (2.4 hours)
1010 = 1:2,097,152 (36 minutes)
1001 = 1:524,288 (9 minutes)
1000 = 1:131,072 (135 seconds)
0111 = 1:32,768 (34 seconds)
0110 = 1:8,192 (8.5 seconds)
0101 = 1:2,048 (2.1 seconds)
0100 = 1:512 (528 ms)
0011 = 1:128 (132 ms)
0010 = 1:32 (33 ms)
0001 = 1:8 (8.3 ms)
0000 = 1:2 (2.1 ms)
DSBOREN FDS<6> Deep Sleep Zero-Power BOR Enable bit
1 = Zero-Power BOR enabled in Deep Sleep
0 = Zero-Power BOR disabled in Deep Sleep (does not affect operation in non
Deep Sleep modes)
FCKSM<1:0> FOSC<7:6> Clock Switching and Monitor Selection Configuration bits
1x = Clock switching is disabled, Fail-Safe Clock Monitor is disabled
01 = Clock switching is enabled, Fail-Safe Clock Monitor is disabled
00 = Clock switching is enabled, Fail-Safe Clock Monitor is enabled
FNOSC<2:0> FOSCSEL<2:0> Oscillator Selection bits
000 = Fast RC Oscillator (FRC)
001 = Fast RC Oscillator with divide-by-N with PLL module (FRCDIV+PLL)
010 = Primary Oscillator (XT, HS, EC)
011 = Primary Oscillator with PLL module (HS+PLL, EC+PLL)
100 = Secondary Oscillator (SOSC)
101 = Low-Power RC Oscillator (LPRC)
110 = Reserved; do not use
111 = Fast RC Oscillator with divide-by-N (FRCDIV)
TABLE 4-2: PIC24F(V)XXKAXXX FAMILY CONFIGURATION BITS DESCRIPTION (CONTINUED)
Bit Field Register Description
Note 1: Applies only to 28-pin devices.
2: The MCLRE fuse can only be changed when using the VPP-Based Test mode entry. This prevents a user
from accidentally locking out the device from low-voltage test entry.
2011 Microchip Technology Inc. Advance Information DS39919B-page 33
PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX
FWDTEN FWDT<7> Watchdog Timer Enable bit (PIC24FXXKA1XX devices only)
1 = WDT enabled
0 = WDT disabled (control is placed on the SWDTEN bit)
FWDTEN<1:0> FWDT<7,5> Watchdog Timer Enable bit (all PIC24FVXXKA3XX devices)
11 = WDT enabled in hardware
10 = WDT controlled with the SWDTEN bit
01 = WDT enabled only while device active and disabled in Sleep; SWDTEN
bit disabled
00 = WDT disabled in hardware; SWDTEN bit disabled
GSS0 FGS<1> General Segment Code Flash Code Protection bit
1 = No protection
0 = Standard security enabled
GWRP FGS<0> General Segment Code Flash Write Protection bit
1 = General segment may be written
0 = General segment is write-protected
ICS<1:0> FICD<1:0> ICD Pin Placement Select bit
11 = ICD EMUC/EMUD pins are shared with PGEC1/PGED1
10 = ICD EMUC/EMUD pins are shared with PGEC2/PGED2
01 = ICD EMUC/EMUD pins are shared with PGEC3/PGED3
00 = Reserved; do not use
IESO FOSCSEL<7> Internal External Switchover bit
1 = Internal External Switchover mode enabled (Two-Speed Start-up enabled)
0 = Internal External Switchover mode disabled (Two-Speed Start-up disabled)
I2C1SEL
(1)
FPOR<4> Alternate I2C1 Pin Mapping bit
(1)
0 = Alternate location for SCL1/SDA1 pins
1 = Default location for SCL1/SDA1 pins
MCLRE
(2)
FPOR<7> MCLR Pin Enable bit
(2)
1 = MCLR pin enabled; RA5 input pin disabled
0 = RA5 input pin enabled; MCLR disabled
OSCIOFNC FOSC<2> CLKO Enable Configuration bit
1 = CLKO output signal active on the OSCO pin; primary oscillator must be
disabled or configured for the External Clock mode (EC) for the CLKO to
be active (POSCMD<1:0> = 11 or 00)
0 = CLKO output disabled
POSCMD<1:0> FOSC<1:0> Primary Oscillator Configuration bits
11 = Primary oscillator disabled
10 = HS Oscillator mode selected (4 MHz-25 MHz)
01 = XT Oscillator mode selected (100 kHz-4 MHz)
00 = External Clock mode selected
POSCFREQ<1:0> FOSC<4:3> Primary Oscillator Frequency Range Configuration bits
11 = Primary oscillator/external clock input frequency greater than 8 MHz
10 = Primary oscillator/external clock input frequency between 100 kHz and
8 MHz
01 = Primary oscillator/external clock input frequency less than 100 kHz
00 = Reserved, do not use
PWRTEN FPOR<3> Power-up Timer Enable bit
0 = PWRT disabled
1 = PWRT enabled
TABLE 4-2: PIC24F(V)XXKAXXX FAMILY CONFIGURATION BITS DESCRIPTION (CONTINUED)
Bit Field Register Description
Note 1: Applies only to 28-pin devices.
2: The MCLRE fuse can only be changed when using the VPP-Based Test mode entry. This prevents a user
from accidentally locking out the device from low-voltage test entry.
PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX
DS39919B-page 34 Advance Information 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
4.8 Exiting the Enhanced ICSP Mode
To exit the Program/Verify mode, remove VIH from
MCLR/VPP, as illustrated in Figure 4-8. For exiting, an
interval, P16, should elapse between the last clock and
program signals on PGCx and PGDx before removing
VIH.
FIGURE 4-8: EXITING ENHANCED
ICSP MODE
RTCCKSEL FDS<5> RTCC Reference Clock Select bit (PIC24FXXKA1XX devices only)
1 = RTCC uses SOSC as reference clock
0 = RTCC uses LPRC as reference clock
SOSCSEL FOSC<5> Secondary Oscillator Select bit
1 = Secondary oscillator configured for high-power operation
0 = Secondary oscillator configured for low-power operation
FWPSA FWDT<4> WDT Prescaler
1 = WDT prescaler ratio of 1:128
0 = WDT prescaler ratio of 1:32
WDTPS<3:0> FWDT<3:0> Watchdog Timer Postscale Select bits
1111 = 1:32,768
1110 = 1:16,384

0001 = 1:2
0000 = 1:1
WINDIS FWDT<6> Windowed Watchdog Timer Disable bit
1 = Standard WDT selected; windowed WDT disabled
0 = Windowed WDT enabled
TABLE 4-2: PIC24F(V)XXKAXXX FAMILY CONFIGURATION BITS DESCRIPTION (CONTINUED)
Bit Field Register Description
Note 1: Applies only to 28-pin devices.
2: The MCLRE fuse can only be changed when using the VPP-Based Test mode entry. This prevents a user
from accidentally locking out the device from low-voltage test entry.
MCLR/VPP
P16
PGDx
PGDx = Input
PGCx
VDD
VIH/VIHH
VIH
P17
2011 Microchip Technology Inc. Advance Information DS39919B-page 35
PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX
5.0 THE PROGRAMMING
EXECUTIVE
This section describes the programming executive
communication, programming executive commands,
programming responses, programming the
programming executive to memory and programming
verification.
5.1 Programming Executive
Communication
The programmer and the programming executive have
a master-slave relationship, where the programmer is
the master programming device and the programming
executive is the slave.
Communication is initiated by the programmer in the
form of a command. Only one command at a time can be
sent to the programming executive. The programming
executive, in turn, only sends one response to the
programmer after receiving and processing a command.
The programming executive command set is described
in Section 5.2 Programming Executive
Commands. The response set is described in
Section 5.3 Programming Executive Responses.
5.1.1 COMMUNICATION INTERFACE
AND PROTOCOL
The Enhanced ICSP interface is a two-wire SPI,
implemented using the PGCx and PGDx pins. The
PGCx pin is used as a clock input pin; the programmer
should provide the clock source. The PGDx pin is used
to send the command data to, and receive response
data from, the programming executive.
Data transmits to the device should change on the
rising edge and hold on the falling edge of PGCx.
Data receives from the device change on the falling
edge and holds on the rising edge of PGCx.
The data transmissions are sent to the MSB first using
16-bit mode (see Figure 5-1 and Figure 5-2).
FIGURE 5-1: PROGRAMMING
EXECUTIVE SERIAL
TIMING FOR DATA
RECEIVED FROM DEVICE
As a 2-wire SPI is used and data transmissions are
half-duplex, a simple protocol is used to control the
direction of PGDx. When the programmer completes a
command transmission, it releases the PGDx line and
allows the programming executive to drive this line
high. The programming executive keeps the PGDx line
high to indicate that it is processing the command.
After the programming executive has processed the
command, it brings PGDx low for 15 sec to indicate to
the programmer that the response is available to be
clocked out. The programmer can begin to clock out
the response, 23 sec after PGDx is brought low, and
it must provide the necessary amount of clock pulses to
receive the entire response from the programming
executive.
After the entire response is clocked out, the
programmer should terminate the clock on PGCx until
it is time to send another command to the programming
executive; Figure 5.2 displays this protocol.
5.1.2 SPI RATE
In Enhanced ICSP mode, the
PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX family devices oper-
ate from the internal Fast RC Oscillator, which has a
nominal frequency of 8 MHz. This oscillator frequency
yields an effective system clock frequency of 4 MHz. To
ensure that the programmer does not clock too fast, it
is recommended that a 4 MHz clock be provided by the
programmer.
FIGURE 5-2: PROGRAMMING
EXECUTIVE SERIAL
TIMING FOR DATA
TRANSMITTED TO DEVICE
PGCx
PGDx
1 2 3 11 13 15 16 14 12
LSb 14 13 12 11
4 5 6
MSb 1 2 3
...
4 5
P2
P3
P1
P1B
P1A
PGCx
PGDx
1 2 3 11 13 15 16 14 12
LSb 14 13 12 11
4 5 6
MSb 1 2 3
...
4 5
P2
P3
P1
P1B
P1A
PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX
DS39919B-page 36 Advance Information 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
5.1.3 TIME-OUTS
The programming executive does not use the Watch-
dog Timer or time-out for transmitting responses to the
programmer. If the programmer does not follow the flow
control mechanism using PGCx, as described in
Section 5.1.1 Communication Interface and Proto-
col, it is possible that the programming executive will
behave unexpectedly while trying to send a response
to the programmer. Since the programming executive
does not have a time-out, it is imperative that the pro-
grammer correctly follow the described communication
protocol.
As a safety measure, the programmer should use the
command time-outs identified and listed in Table 5-1. If
the command time-out expires, the programmer should
reset the programming executive and start
programming the device again.
FIGURE 5-3: PROGRAMMING EXECUTIVE PROGRAMMER COMMUNICATION PROTOCOL
5.2 Programming Executive
Commands
The programming executive command set is listed in
Table 5-1. This table contains the opcode, mnemonic,
length, time-out and description for each command.
Section 5.2.4 Command Descriptions provides
functional details on each command.
5.2.1 COMMAND FORMAT
The programming executive commands have a
general format consisting of a 16-bit header and any
required data for the command (see Figure 5-4). The
16-bit header consists of a 4-bit opcode field, which is
used to identify the command, followed by a 12-bit
command length field.
FIGURE 5-4: COMMAND FORMAT
The command opcode must match one of those in the
command set. Any command that is received that does
not match the list in Table 5-1 returns a NACK
response (see Section 5.3.1.1 Opcode Field).
The command length is represented in 16-bit words as
the SPI operates in 16-bit mode. The programming
executive uses the command length field to determine
the number of words to read from the SPI port. If the
value of this field is incorrect, the command will not be
properly received by the programming executive.
1 2 15 16 1 2 15 16
PGCx
PGDx
PGCx = Input PGCx = Input (Idle)
Host Transmits
Last Command Word
PGDx = Input PGDx = Output
P8
1 2 15 16
MSB X X X LSB MSB X X X LSB MSB X X X LSB 1 0
P20
PGCx = Input
PGDx = Output
P9
Programming Executive
Processes Command
Host Clocks Out Response
P21
15 12 11 0
Opcode Length
Command Data First Word (if required)

Command Data Last Word (if required)

2011 Microchip Technology Inc. Advance Information DS39919B-page 37
PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX
5.2.2 PACKED DATA FORMAT
When 24-bit instruction words are transferred across
the 16-bit SPI interface, they are packed to conserve
space using the format illustrated in Figure 5-5. This
format minimizes the traffic over the SPI and provides
the programming executive the data that is properly
aligned for performing table write operations.
FIGURE 5-5: PACKED INSTRUCTION
WORD FORMAT
5.2.3 PROGRAMMING EXECUTIVE
ERROR HANDLING
The programming executive will return a NACK
response for all unsupported commands. Additionally,
due to the memory constraints of the programming
executive, no checking is performed on the data
contained in the programmer command. It is the
responsibility of the programmer to command the pro-
gramming executive with valid command arguments;
otherwise, the programming operation might fail.
Section 5.3.1.3 QE_Code Field provides additional
information on error handling.
5.2.4 COMMAND DESCRIPTIONS
The commands supported by the programming
executive are described in Section 5.2.5 SCHECK
Command through Section 5.2.13 QVER
Command.
Note: When the number of instruction words
transferred is odd, MSb2 is zero and
LSW2 cannot be transmitted.
15 8 7 0
LSW1
MSb2 MSb1
LSW2
LSWx: Least Significant 16 bits of instruction word
MSbx: Most Significant bits of instruction word
TABLE 5-1: PROGRAMMING EXECUTIVE COMMAND SET
Opcode Mnemonic
Length
(16-bit words)
Time-out Description
0h SCHECK 1 1 ms Sanity check.
1h READC 3 1 ms Read up to (256) 8-bit words starting from the specified Device
ID register.
2h READP 4 1 ms/row Read up to 32K instruction words of code memory starting
from the specified address.
(1)
3h RESERVED N/A N/A This command is reserved; it returns a NACK.
4h PROGC 4 5 ms Write an 8-bit word to the specified Device ID registers.
5h PROGP 99 5 ms Program up to 32 instructions (one row) of code memory at the
specified address and then verify.
(1)

6h RESERVED N/A N/A This command is reserved; it returns a NACK.
7h RESERVED N/A N/A This command is reserved; it returns a NACK.
8h RESERVED N/A N/A This command is reserved; it returns a NACK.
9h RESERVED N/A N/A This command is reserved; it returns a NACK.
Ah QBLANK 3 TBD Query if the code memory is blank.
(1)
Bh QVER 1 1 ms Query the programming executive software version.
Ch RESERVED N/A N/A This command is reserved; it returns a NACK.
Dh RESERVED N/A N/A This command is reserved. it returns a NACK.
Eh READD 4 1 ms/word Read up to (256) 16-bit words starting from the specified
address.
Fh PROGD 19 5 ms Program one word of data EEPROM memory at the specified
address and then verify.
Note 1: One row of code memory consists of (32) 24-bit words. Refer to Table 2-2 for device-specific information.
PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX
DS39919B-page 38 Advance Information 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
5.2.5 SCHECK COMMAND
The SCHECK command instructs the programming
executive to merely generate a response. This
command is used as a Sanity Check to verify if the
programming executive is operational.
Expected Response (2 words):
1000h
0002h
5.2.6 READC COMMAND
The READC command instructs the programming
executive to read N or Device ID registers, starting from
the 24-bit address specified by Addr_MSB and
Addr_LS.
When this command is used to read the Device ID
registers, the upper byte in every data word returned by
the programming executive is 00h and the lower byte
contains the Device ID register value.
Expected Response (4 + 3 * (N 1)/2 words for N odd):
1100h
2 + N
Device ID Register 1
...
Device Register N
15 12 11 0
Opcode Length
Field Description
Opcode 0h
Length 1h
Note: This instruction is provided for develop-
ment purposes only; this is not required
for programming.
15 12 11 8 7 0
Opcode Length
N Addr_MSB
Addr_LS
Field Description
Opcode 1h
Length 3h
N Number of 8-bit Device ID registers to
read (max. of 256).
Addr_MSB MSb of 24-bit source address.
Addr_LS Least Significant 16 bits of 24-bit
source address.
Note: The READC command can only be used to
read 8-bit or 16-bit data.
Note: Reading unimplemented memory will
cause the programming executive to
reset. Ensure that only memory locations
present on a particular device are
accessed.
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PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX
5.2.7 READD COMMAND
The READD command instructs the programming
executive to read N 16-bit words from data EEPROM
memory, starting from the 24-bit address specified by
Addr_MSB and Addr_LS.
Expected Response (N + 2 words):
1E00h
2 + N
Data word 1
...
Data word N
5.2.8 READP COMMAND
The READP command instructs the programming
executive to read N 24-bit words of code memory,
including Configuration registers, starting from the
24-bit address specified by Addr_MSB and Addr_LS.
The entire data returned in response to this command
uses the packed data format described in
Section 5.2.2 Packed Data Format.
Expected Response (2 + 3 * N/2 words for N even):
1200h
2 + 3 * N/2
LSB program memory word 1
...
LSB data word N
Expected Response (4 + 3 * (N 1)/2 words for N odd):
1200h
4 + 3 * (N 1)/2
LSB program memory word 1
...
MSB of program memory word N (zero-padded)
15 12 11 8 7 0
Opcode Length
Reserved0 N
Reserved1 Addr_MSB
Addr_LS
Field Description
Opcode Eh
Length 4h
Reserved0 0h
N Number of 16-bit words to read
(max of 256).
Reserved1 0h
Addr_MSB MSb of 24-bit source address.
Addr_LS Least Significant 16 bits of 24-bit
source address.
Note: This command can only be used to read
16-bit data.
15 12 11 8 7 0
Opcode Length
N
Reserved Addr_MSB
Addr_LS
Field Description
Opcode 2h
Length 4h
N Number of 24-bit instructions to read
(max. of 32768).
Reserved 0h
Addr_MSB MSb of 24-bit source address.
Addr_LS Least Significant 16 bits of 24-bit
source address.
Note: This command can only be used to read
24-bit data.
Note: Reading unimplemented memory will
cause the programming executive to
reset. Ensure that only memory locations
present on a particular device are
accessed.
PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX
DS39919B-page 40 Advance Information 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
5.2.9 PROGC COMMAND
The PROGC command instructs the programming
executive to program a single User ID register located
at the specified memory address.
After the specified data word has been programmed to
code memory, the programming executive verifies the
programmed data against the data in the command.
Expected Response (2 words):
1400h
0002h
5.2.10 PROGD COMMAND
The PROGD command instructs the programming
executive to program one word (16-bit) of data
EEPROM memory, starting from the 24-bit address
specified by Addr_MSB and Addr_LS.
Once one word of data EEPROM has been
programmed, the programming executive verifies the
programmed data against the data in the command.
Expected Response (2 words):
1F00h
0002h
15 12 11 8 7 0
Opcode Length
Reserved Addr_MSB
Addr_LS
Data
Field Description
Opcode 4h
Length 4h
Reserved 0h
Addr_MSB MSb of 24-bit destination address.
Addr_LS Least Significant 16 bits of 24-bit
destination address.
Data 8-bit data word.
15 12 11 8 7 0
Opcode Length
Reserved Addr_MSB
Addr_LS
D_1
Field Description
Opcode Fh
Length 4h
Reserved 0h
Addr_MSB MSB of 24-bit source address.
Addr_LS Least Significant 16 bits of 24-bit
source address.
D_1 16-bit data word.
Note: Refer to Table 2-2 for data EEPROM
memory size information.
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PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX
5.2.11 PROGP COMMAND
The PROGP command instructs the programming
executive to program one row of code memory to the
specified memory address. Programming begins with
the row address specified in the command. The
destination address should be a multiple of 40h.
The data to program to memory, located in command
words, D_1 through D_48, should be arranged using
the packed instruction word format depicted in
Figure 5-5.
After the entire data is programmed to code memory,
the programming executive verifies the programmed
data against the data in the command.
The PROGP command is also used to program
Configuration Words. While PROGP is used to program
Configuration Words, the length in the command
should be four. Only one Configuration Word at a time
can be programed. The unimplemented bits of the
Configuration Word should be stuffed with 1s.
Expected Response (2 words):
1500h
0002h
5.2.12 QBLANK COMMAND
The QBLANK command queries the programming exec-
utive to determine if the contents of code memory and
code-protect Configuration bits (GCP and GWRP) are
blank (contain all 1s). The size of the code memory to
check should be specified in the command.
The Blank Check for code memory begins at 0h and
advances toward larger addresses for the specified
number of instruction words.
QBLANK returns a QE_Code of F0h if the specified
code memory and code-protect bits are blank;
otherwise, it returns a QE_Code of 0Fh.
Expected Response (2 words for blank device):
1AF0h
0002h
Expected Response (2 words for non-blank device):
1A0Fh
0002h
15 12 11 8 7 0
Opcode Length
Reserved Addr_MSB
Addr_LS
D_1
D_2
...
D_48
Field Description
Opcode 5h
Length 33h
Reserved 0h
Addr_MSB MSb of 24-bit destination address.
Addr_LS Least Significant 16 bits of 24-bit
destination address.
D_1 16-bit data word 1.
D_2 16-bit data word 2.
... 16-bit data word 3 through 47.
D_48 16-bit data word 48.
Note: Refer to Table 2-2 for program memory
size information.
15 12 11 0
Opcode Length
PSize
Reserved DSize
Field Description
Opcode Ah
Length 3h
PSize Length of program memory to check
in 24-bit words (max. of 49152).
Reserved 0h
DSize Length of data memory to check
in 16-bit words (max. of 2048).
Note: QBLANK does not check the system
operation Configuration bits as these bits
are not set to 1 when a Chip Erase is
performed.
PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX
DS39919B-page 42 Advance Information 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
5.2.13 QVER COMMAND
The QVER command queries the version of the
programming executive software stored in the test
memory. The version.revision information is returned
in the responses QE_Code using a single byte in the
following format:
Main version is in the upper nibble and the revision is
in the lower nibble (i.e., 23h stands for version 2.3 of
the programming executive software).
Expected Response (2 words):
1BMNh (MN stands for version M.N)
0002h
5.3 Programming Executive
Responses
The programming executive sends a response to the
programmer for each command that it receives. The
response indicates if the command was processed
correctly. It includes any required response data or
error data.
The programming executive response set is provided in
Table 5-2. This table contains the opcode, mnemonic
and description for each response. The response format
is described in Section 5.3.1 Response Format.
TABLE 5-2: PROGRAMMING EXECUTIVE
RESPONSE OPCODES
5.3.1 RESPONSE FORMAT
All programming executive responses have a general
format, consisting of a two-word header and any
required data for the command.
15 12 11 0
Opcode Length
Field Description
Opcode Bh
Length 1h
Opcode Mnemonic Description
1h PASS Command successfully
processed.
2h FAIL Command unsuccessfully
processed.
3h NACK Command not known.
Field Description
Opcode Response opcode.
Last_Cmd Programmer command that
generated the response.
QE_Code Query code or error code.
Length Response length in 16-bit words
(includes 2 header words).
D_1 First 16-bit data word (if applicable).
D_N Last 16-bit data word (if applicable).
15 12 11 8 7 0
Opcode Last_Cmd QE_Code
Length
D_1 (if applicable)
...
D_N (if applicable)
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PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX
5.3.1.1 Opcode Field
The opcode is a 4-bit field in the first word of the
response. The opcode indicates how the command
was processed (see Table 5-2). If the command was
processed successfully, the response opcode is PASS.
If there was an error in processing the command, the
response opcode is FAIL and the QE_Code indicates
the reason for the failure. If the command sent to
the programming executive is not identified, the
programming executive returns a NACK response.
5.3.1.2 Last_Cmd Field
The Last_Cmd is a 4-bit field in the first word of
the response and it indicates the command that the
programming executive processed. As the program-
ming executive can process only one command at a
time, this field is technically not required. However, it
can be used to verify the programming executive
correctly received the command that the programmer
transmitted.
5.3.1.3 QE_Code Field
The QE_Code is a byte in the first word of the
response. This byte is used to return data for query
commands and error codes for all of the other
commands.
When the programming executive processes one of the
two query commands (QBLANK or QVER), the returned
opcode is always PASS and the QE_Code holds the
query response data.
Table 5-3 provides the format of the QE_Code for both
queries.
TABLE 5-3: QE_Code FOR QUERIES
When the programming executive processes any
command other than a query, the QE_Code represents
an error code. Table 5-4 provides the supported error
codes.
If a command is successfully processed, the returned
QE_Code is set to 0h, which indicates that there was
no error in the command processing. If the verify of the
programming for the PROGP or PROGC command fails,
the QE_Code is set to 1h. For all other programming
executive errors, the QE_Code is 2h.
TABLE 5-4: QE_Code FOR NON-QUERY
COMMANDS
5.3.1.4 Response Length
The response length indicates the length of the
programming executives response in 16-bit words.
This field includes the two words of the response
header.
With the exception of the response for the READP
command, the length of each response is only two
words.
The response to the READP command uses the packed
instruction word format described in Section 5.2.2
Packed Data Format. When reading an odd number
of program memory words (N odd), the response to the
READP command is (3 * (N + 1)/2 + 2) words. When
reading an even number of program memory words
(N even), the response to the READP command is
(3 * N/2 + 2) words.
Query QE_Code
QBLANK 0Fh = Code memory is NOT blank
F0h = Code memory is blank
QVER 0xMN, where programming executive
software version = M.N (i.e., 32h stands
for version 3.2 of the programming
executive software)
QE_Code Description
0h No error.
1h Verify failed.
2h Other error.
PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX
DS39919B-page 44 Advance Information 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
5.4 Programming the Programming
Executive to Memory
This section describes the programming of the
programming executive to memory and also provides
the procedure to perform this.
5.4.1 OVERVIEW
If it is determined that the programming executive is not
present in the executive memory (as described
in Section 4.2 Confirming the Presence of the
Programming Executive), it must be programmed
into the executive memory using ICSP, as described in
Section 3.0 Device Programming ICSP.
Storing the programming executive to executive
memory is the same as normal programming of code
memory. The executive memory should be erased and
then the programming executive must be programmed
32 words at a time.
Erasing the last page of executive memory causes the
FRC oscillator calibration settings and device diagnos-
tic data in the Diagnostic and Calibration Words, at
addresses, 8007F4h to 8007FEh, to be erased. To
retain this data, the memory locations should be read
and stored prior to erasing the executive memory, and
then be reprogrammed in the last words of program
memory. Table 5-5 provides this control flow.
TABLE 5-5: PROGRAMMING THE PROGRAMMING EXECUTIVE
Command
(Binary)
Data
(Hex)
Description
Step 1: Exit Reset vector and erase the executive memory.
0000
0000
0000
000000
040200
000000
NOP
GOTO 0x200
NOP
Step 2: Initialize pointers to read Diagnostic Words for storage in data RAM.
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
200800
880190
207F01
208002
000000
MOV #0x80, W0
MOV W0, TBLPAG
MOV #0x07F4, W1
MOV #0x0800, W2
NOP
Step 3: Repeat this step six times to read Diagnostic Words, storing them in data RAM starting at 0x800.
0000
0000
0000
BA0191
000000
000000
BA8231
000000
000000
781903
000000
781904
000000
TBLRDL [W1], W3
NOP
NOP
TBLRDH [W1++], W4
NOP
NOP
MOV W3, [W2++]
NOP
MOV W4, [W2++]
NOP
Step 4: Initialize the NVMCON to erase the executive memory.
0000
0000
2405A0
883B00
MOV #0x405A, W0
MOV W0, NVMCON
Step 5: Initiate the erase cycle.
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
200800
880190
200001
000000
BB0881
000000
000000
A8E761
000000
000000
MOV #0x80, W0
MOV W0, TBLPAG
MOV #0x00, W1
NOP
TBLWTL W1, [W1]
NOP
NOP
BSET NVMCON, #15
NOP
NOP
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PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX
Step 6: Repeat this step to poll the WR bit (bit 15 of NVMCON) until it is cleared by the hardware.
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0001
0000
040200
000000
803B02
883C22
000000
000000
<VISI>
000000
GOTO 0x200
NOP
MOV NVMCON, W2
MOV W2, VISI
NOP
NOP
Clock out contents of the VISI register
NOP
Step 7: Repeat Steps 5 and 6 to erase the rest of the executive memory. W1 should be incremented by 100h each
time to point to the next four rows.
Step 8: Initialize the NVMCON to program 32 instruction words.
0000
0000
240041
883B01
MOV #0x4004, W1
MOV W1, NVMCON
Step 9: Initialize TBLPAG and the Write Pointer (W2).
0000
0000
0000
0000
200800
880190
EB0280
000000
MOV #0x80, W0
MOV W0, TBLPAG
CLR W5
NOP
Step 10: Load W0:W2 with the next two words of packed programming executive code.
0000
0000
0000
2<LSW0>0
2<MSB1:MSB0>1
2<LSW1>2
MOV #<LSW0>, W0
MOV #<MSB1:MSB0>, W1
MOV #<LSW1>, W2
Step 11: Set the Read Pointer (W6) and load the (next four write) latches.
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
EB0300
000000
BB0BB6
000000
000000
BBDBB6
000000
000000
BBEBB6
000000
000000
BB1BB6
000000
000000
CLR W4
NOP
TBLWTL [W4++], [W5]
NOP
NOP
TBLWTH.B [W4++], [W5++]
NOP
NOP
TBLWTH.B [W4++], [++W5]
NOP
NOP
TBLWTL [W4++], [W5++]
NOP
NOP
Step 12: Repeat Steps 10 and 11, sixteen times, to load the write latches for the 32 instructions.
Step 13: Initiate the programming cycle.
0000
0000
0000
A8E761
000000
000000
BSET NVMCON, #15
NOP
NOP
TABLE 5-5: PROGRAMMING THE PROGRAMMING EXECUTIVE (CONTINUED)
Command
(Binary)
Data
(Hex)
Description
PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX
DS39919B-page 46 Advance Information 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
Step 14: Repeatedly read the NVMCON register and poll for WR bit to get cleared.
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0001
0000
040200
000000
803B02
883C22
000000
000000
<VISI>
000000
GOTO 0x200
NOP
MOV NVMCON, W2
MOV W2, VISI
NOP
NOP
Clock out contents of the VISI register.
NOP
Step 15: Reset the device internal PC.
0000
0000
040200
000000
GOTO 0x200
NOP
Step 16: Repeat Steps 8 through 15 until all the last, but one (31) row of executive memory, has been programmed.
Step 17: Repeat Steps 10 and 11, 12 times, to load the first 24 write latches.
Step 18: Load the data RAM address into W4.
0000
0000
208004
000000
MOV #0x0800, W4
NOP
Step 19: Load the saved Diagnostic Words in the write latch.
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
780134
000000
7801B4
000000
BB0A82
000000
000000
BB9A83
000000
000000
MOV [W4++], W2
NOP
MOV [W4++], W3
NOP
TBLWTL W2, [W5]
NOP
NOP
TBLWTH W3, [W5++]
NOP
NOP
Step 20: Repeat Step 19 for each of the saved Diagnostic Words.
Step 21: Repeat Steps 13 through 15.
TABLE 5-5: PROGRAMMING THE PROGRAMMING EXECUTIVE (CONTINUED)
Command
(Binary)
Data
(Hex)
Description
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PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX
5.5 Programming Verification
After the programming executive is programmed to the
executive memory using ICSP, it must be verified.
Verify by reading out the contents of the executive
memory and comparing it with the image of the
programming executive stored in the programmer.
Read the contents of the executive memory using the
same method described in Section 3.9 Reading
Code Memory.
Table 5-6 provides the procedure for reading the
executive memory.
Note: In Step 2 of Table 5-6, the TBLPAG regis-
ter must be set to 80h in order to read the
executive memory.
TABLE 5-6: READING EXECUTIVE MEMORY
Command
(Binary)
Data
(Hex)
Description
Step 1: Exit the Reset vector.
0000
0000
0000
000000
040200
000000
NOP
GOTO 0x200
NOP
Step 2: Initialize TBLPAG and the Read Pointer (W6) for TBLRD instruction.
0000
0000
0000
200800
880190
EB0300
MOV #0x80, W0
MOV W0, TBLPAG
CLR W6
Step 3: Initialize the Write Pointer (W7) to point to the VISI register.
0000
0000
207847
000000
MOV #VISI, W7
NOP
Step 4: Read and clock out the contents of the next two locations of the executive memory through the VISI register
using the REGOUT command.
0000
0000
0000
0001
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0001
0000
0000
0000
0000
0001
0000
BA1B96
000000
000000
<VISI>
000000
BADBB6
000000
000000
BAD3D6
000000
000000
<VISI>
000000
BA0BB6
000000
000000
<VISI>
000000
TBLRDL [W6], [W7]
NOP
NOP
Clock out contents of VISI register.
NOP
TBLRDH [W6++], [W7]
NOP
NOP
TBLRDH.B [++W6], [W7--]
NOP
NOP
Clock out contents of VISI register.
NOP
TBLRDL [W6++], [W7]
NOP
NOP
Clock out contents of VISI register.
NOP
Step 5: Reset the device internal PC.
0000
0000
040200
000000
GOTO 0x200
NOP
Step 6: Repeat Steps 4 and 5 until the entire executive memory is read.
PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX
DS39919B-page 48 Advance Information 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
6.0 DEVICE ID
The Device ID region of memory can be used to
determine the mask, variant and manufacturing
information about the device. The Device ID region is
2 x 16 bits and it can be read using the READC
command. This region of memory is read-only and can
also be read when code protection is enabled.
Table 6-1 provides the Device ID for each device and
Table 6-2 provides the Device ID registers. Table 6-3
describes the bit field of each register.
TABLE 6-1: DEVICE IDs
TABLE 6-2: PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX DEVICE ID REGISTERS
Device ID DEVID
PIC24F08KA101 0D08h
PIC24F16KA101 0D01h
PIC24F08KA102 0D0Ah
PIC24F16KA102 0D03h
PIC24FV16KA301 4509h
PIC24F16KA301 4508h
PIC24FV16KA302 4503h
PIC24F16KA302 4502h
PIC24FV16KA304 4507h
PIC24F16KA304 4506h
PIC24FV32KA301 4519h
PIC24F32KA301 4518h
PIC24FV32KA302 4513h
PIC24F32KA302 4512h
PIC24FV32KA304 4517h
PIC24F32KA304 4516h
Address Name
Bit
15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
FF0000h DEVID FAMID<7:0> DEV<7:0>
FF0002h DEVREV REV<3:0>
TABLE 6-3: DEVICE ID BITS DESCRIPTION
Bit Field Register Description
FAMID<7:0> DEVID Encodes the family ID of the device.
DEV<7:0> DEVID Encodes the individual ID of the device.
REV<3:0> DEVREV Encodes the revision number of the device.
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PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX
6.1 Checksums
6.1.1 CHECKSUM COMPUTATION
Checksums for the PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX
family are 16 bits. The checksum is calculated by sum-
ming the following:
Contents of the code memory locations
Contents of the Configuration registers
Table 6-4 describes how to calculate the checksum for
each device.
All memory locations are summed, one byte at a time,
using only their native data size. More specifically,
Configuration registers are summed by adding the
lower two bytes of these locations (the upper byte is
ignored) while the code memory is summed by adding
all three bytes of the code memory.
TABLE 6-4: CHECKSUM COMPUTATION
Device Read Code Protection Checksum Computation
Erased
Checksum
Value
Chip Checksum with
0xAAAAAA at 0x00
Location and
at Last Location
PIC24FV32KA30X
(1)
Disabled CFGB + SUM (0:0057FE) 0x8158 0x7F5A
Enabled 0 0x0000 0x0000
PIC24FV16KA30X
(1)
Disabled CFGB + SUM (0:002BFE) 0xC358 0xC15A
Enabled 0 0x0000 0x0000
PIC24F16KA1XX Disabled CFGB + SUM (0:002BFE) 0xC334 0xC136
Enabled 0 0x0000 0x0000
PIC24F08KA1XX Disabled CFGB + SUM (0:0015FE) 0xE434 0xE236
Enabled 0 0x0000 0x0000
Legend: Item Description
SUM[a:b] = Byte sum of locations, a to b inclusive (all 3 bytes of code memory)
CFGB = Configuration Block (masked):
For PIC24FXXKA1 devices: Byte sum of (FBS & 0x000F + FGS & 0x0003 + FOSCSEL & 0x0087
+ FOSC & 0x00FF + FWDT & 0x00DF + FPOR & 0x00FB + FICD & 0x00C3 + FDS & 0x00FF)
For PIC24FVXXKA3 devices: Byte sum of (FBS & 0x000F + FGS & 0x0003 + FOSCSEL & 0x00E7
+ FOSC & 0x00FF + FWDT & 0x00FF + FPOR & 0x00FF + FICD & 0x0083 + FDS & 0x00DF)
Note 1: Includes PIC24FVXXKA3XX devices.
PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX
DS39919B-page 50 Advance Information 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
7.0 AC/DC CHARACTERISTICS AND TIMING REQUIREMENTS
TABLE 7-1: STANDARD OPERATING CONDITIONS
Standard Operating Conditions
Operating Temperature: 0C to +70C and programming: +25C is recommended.
Param
No.
Symbol Characteristic Min Max Units Conditions
D111 VDD Supply Voltage During Programming 2.0 3.60 V Normal programming,
PIC24FXXKA1XX and
PIC24FXXKA3XX
VDDCORE 5.00 V Normal programming,
PIC24FVXXKA3XX
D112 IPP Programming Current on MCLR 50 A
D113 IDDP Supply Current During Programming 2 mA
D031 VIL Input Low Voltage VSS 0.2 VDD V
D041 VIH Input High Voltage 0.8 VDD VDD V
D042 VIHH Programing Voltage on VPP VDD + 1.5 9 V
D080 VOL Output Low Voltage 0.4 V IOL = 8.5 mA @ 3.6V
D090 VOH Output High Voltage 1.4 V IOH = -3.0 mA @ 3.6V
D012 CIO Capacitive Loading on I/O pin (PGDx) 50 pF To meet AC specifications
D100 VBULK Bulk Erase Voltage 2.7 V PIC24F(V)XXKA3XX
2.0 V PIC24FXXKA1XX
P1 TPGC Serial Clock (PGCx) Period 125 ns ICSP mode
250 ns Enhanced ICSP mode
P1A TPGCL Serial Clock (PGCx) Low Time 50 ns ICSP mode
100 ns Enhanced ICSP mode
P1B TPGCH Serial Clock (PGCx) High Time 50 ns ICSP mode
100 ns Enhanced ICSP mode
P2 TSET1 Input Data Setup Time to Serial Clock 15 ns
P3 THLD1 Input Data Hold Time from PGCx 15 ns
P4 TDLY1 Delay Between 4-Bit Command and
Command Operand
40 ns
P4A TDLY1A Delay Between 4-Bit Command Operand and
the Next 4-Bit Command
40 ns
P5 TDLY2 Delay Between Last PGCx of Command
Byte and First PGCx of Read of Data Word
20 ns
P6 TSET2 VDD Setup Time to MCLR 100 ns
P7 THLD2 Input Data Hold Time from MCLR VPP (from
VIHH to VIH)
25 ms
P8 TDLY3 Delay Between Last PGCx of Command
Byte and PGDx by Programming Executive
12 s
P9 TDLY4 Programming Executive Command
Processing Time
40 s
P10 TDLY6 PGCx Low Time After Programming 400 ns
P11 TDLY7 Chip Erase Time 2.5 ms
P12 TDLY10 Page (4 rows) Erase Time 2.5 ms
P13 TDLY9 Row Programming Time 1.25 ms
P14 TR MCLR Rise Time to Enter ICSP mode 1.0 s
P15 TVALID Data Out Valid from PGCx 10 ns
P16 TDLY10 Delay Between Last PGCx and MCLR 0 s
2011 Microchip Technology Inc. Advance Information DS39919B-page 51
PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX
P17 THLD3 MCLR to VDD 100 ns
P18 TKEY1 Delay Between First MCLR and First PGCx
for Key Sequence on PGDx
1 ms
P19 TKEY2 Delay Between Last PGCx for Key
Sequence on PGDx and Second MCLR
1 ms
P20 TDLY11 Delay Between PGDx by Programming
Executive and First PGCx of Reception of
Response
23 s
P21 TDLY12 Delay Between Programming Executive Com-
mand Response Words
8 ns
TABLE 7-1: STANDARD OPERATING CONDITIONS (CONTINUED)
Standard Operating Conditions
Operating Temperature: 0C to +70C and programming: +25C is recommended.
Param
No.
Symbol Characteristic Min Max Units Conditions
PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX
DS39919B-page 52 Advance Information 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
APPENDIX A: REVISION HISTORY
Rev A Document (6/2008)
Original version of this document, covering
PIC24FXXKA1XX and PIC24XXKA20X family devices.
Rev B Document (4/2011)
Adds PIC24FVXXKA3XX family devices; removes
PIC24FXXKA20X devices for inclusion in their own
programming specification (DS399XX). These
changes occur throughout the entire document, except
as otherwise noted; programming algorithms remain
unchanged.
Updated Figure 2-3 to reflect the deletion of 14-pin pack-
aging specific to PIC24FXXKA20X devices and the
addition of 44-pin packaging for PIC24FVXXKA3XX
devices.
Revised Section 2.0 Programming Overview of the
PIC24FXXKA1XX/FVXXKA3XX Family to include
new information on voltage regulators for
PIC24FVXXKA3XX devices. Reorganized Table 2-3 to
combine information.
Corrects Section 4.2 Confirming the Presence of
the Programming Executive and Section 5.4 Pro-
gramming the Programming Executive to Memory
regarding verifying and programming the Programming
Executive code.
Revised Table 4-2 with new Configuration bit
descriptions specific to PIC24FVXXKA3XX devices
and removing descriptions specific to
PIC24FXXKA20X devices.
Updated Section 6.0 Device ID with new device ID
and checksum information. Corrected existing
checksum information for PIC24FXXKA1XX devices.
Updated Section 7.0 AC/DC Characteristics and
Timing Requirements for new specifications related to
programming voltage for PIC24FVXXKA3XX devices
(D111) and Enhanced ICSP timing specification (P1,
P1A and P1B). Modified erase and programming times
(P11, P12 and P13), and initial key delay for entering
programming modes (P18).
Other minor typographic corrections throughout.
2011 Microchip Technology Inc. Advance Information DS39919B-page 53
Information contained in this publication regarding device
applications and the like is provided only for your convenience
and may be superseded by updates. It is your responsibility to
ensure that your application meets with your specifications.
MICROCHIP MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR
WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND WHETHER EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, WRITTEN OR ORAL, STATUTORY OR
OTHERWISE, RELATED TO THE INFORMATION,
INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ITS CONDITION,
QUALITY, PERFORMANCE, MERCHANTABILITY OR
FITNESS FOR PURPOSE. Microchip disclaims all liability
arising from this information and its use. Use of Microchip
devices in life support and/or safety applications is entirely at
the buyers risk, and the buyer agrees to defend, indemnify and
hold harmless Microchip from any and all damages, claims,
suits, or expenses resulting from such use. No licenses are
conveyed, implicitly or otherwise, under any Microchip
intellectual property rights.
Trademarks
The Microchip name and logo, the Microchip logo, dsPIC,
KEELOQ, KEELOQ logo, MPLAB, PIC, PICmicro, PICSTART,
PIC
32
logo, rfPIC and UNI/O are registered trademarks of
Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other
countries.
FilterLab, Hampshire, HI-TECH C, Linear Active Thermistor,
MXDEV, MXLAB, SEEVAL and The Embedded Control
Solutions Company are registered trademarks of Microchip
Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A.
Analog-for-the-Digital Age, Application Maestro, CodeGuard,
dsPICDEM, dsPICDEM.net, dsPICworks, dsSPEAK, ECAN,
ECONOMONITOR, FanSense, HI-TIDE, In-Circuit Serial
Programming, ICSP, Mindi, MiWi, MPASM, MPLAB Certified
logo, MPLIB, MPLINK, mTouch, Omniscient Code
Generation, PICC, PICC-18, PICDEM, PICDEM.net, PICkit,
PICtail, REAL ICE, rfLAB, Select Mode, Total Endurance,
TSHARC, UniWinDriver, WiperLock and ZENA are
trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the
U.S.A. and other countries.
SQTP is a service mark of Microchip Technology Incorporated
in the U.S.A.
All other trademarks mentioned herein are property of their
respective companies.
2011, Microchip Technology Incorporated, Printed in the
U.S.A., All Rights Reserved.
Printed on recycled paper.
ISBN: 978-1-61341-074-5
Note the following details of the code protection feature on Microchip devices:
Microchip products meet the specification contained in their particular Microchip Data Sheet.
Microchip believes that its family of products is one of the most secure families of its kind on the market today, when used in the
intended manner and under normal conditions.
There are dishonest and possibly illegal methods used to breach the code protection feature. All of these methods, to our
knowledge, require using the Microchip products in a manner outside the operating specifications contained in Microchips Data
Sheets. Most likely, the person doing so is engaged in theft of intellectual property.
Microchip is willing to work with the customer who is concerned about the integrity of their code.
Neither Microchip nor any other semiconductor manufacturer can guarantee the security of their code. Code protection does not
mean that we are guaranteeing the product as unbreakable.
Code protection is constantly evolving. We at Microchip are committed to continuously improving the code protection features of our
products. Attempts to break Microchips code protection feature may be a violation of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. If such acts
allow unauthorized access to your software or other copyrighted work, you may have a right to sue for relief under that Act.
Microchip received ISO/TS-16949:2002 certification for its worldwide
headquarters, design and wafer fabrication facilities in Chandler and
Tempe, Arizona; Gresham, Oregon and design centers in California
and India. The Companys quality system processes and procedures
are for its PIC

MCUs and dsPIC

DSCs, KEELOQ

code hopping
devices, Serial EEPROMs, microperipherals, nonvolatile memory and
analog products. In addition, Microchips quality system for the design
and manufacture of development systems is ISO 9001:2000 certified.
DS39919B-page 54 Advance Information 2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
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