O O

O O
Solutions to Final 2012 Math 265:
Problem 1: Find the area bounded by both circles $x^2+y^2= 1$ and $r=2\sin\theta$.
Solution:
with(plots):display(plot([2*sin(t),1],t=0..2*Pi,coords=polar,
color=red,thickness=3),
pointplot([[0,0],[cos(Pi/6),sin(Pi/6)]],connect=true,
color=blue));
K1 K0.5
0
0.5 1
K1
1
2
The intersection points of the circles satisfy 1 = 2 sin t , or sin t =
1
2
, which implies t =

6
or
t = K

6
. The area of the intersection is
2
0

6
0
2 sin t
r d r d t C

2
0
1
r d r d t = 2
0

6
1
2
4 sin
2
t d t C

2
1
2
dt = 2 2
0

6
1
2
1 Kcos 2 t dt
O O
O O
(1) (1)
C

6
= 2

6
K
1
2
sin 2 t
0

6
C

6
=
= 2

3
K
3
4
2*int(int(r,r=0..2*sin(t)),t=0..Pi/6)+2*int(int(r,r=0..1),t=
Pi/6..Pi/2);
K
1
2
3 C
2
3

Problem 2: Change the order of integration to evaluate the integral

0
1
y
1
exp 3 x
3
C3 dx dy
If x = y then y = x
2
. The region of integration is
display(plot(x^2,x=0..1,thickness=2),pointplot([[0,1],[1,1],[1,
0]],connect=true,color=blue));
x
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
(4) (4)
(2) (2)
O O
O O
O O
(3) (3)
O O
After change of order the integral is
0
1
0
x
2
exp 3 x
3
C3 dy dx =
0
1
x
2
exp 3 x
3
C3 dx = t = 3 x
3
C3, dt = 9 x
2
dx =
1
9
3
6
exp t d t
=
1
9
e
6
Ke
3
int(int(exp(3*x^3+3),x=sqrt(y)..1),y=0..1);
0
1
y
1
e
3 x
3
C3
dx dy
As You can see Maple is not smart enough to change the order of integration and cannot evaluate the
integral.
int(int(exp(3*x^3+3),y=0..x^2),x=0..1);
K
1
9
e
3
C
1
9
e
6
Problem 3: Find the center of mass of the solid which is the union of the two balls
$$ x^2+y^2+z^2\le 9\ \ ,\ \ z \ge 0\ ,$$
and $$ x^2+(y-2)^2+z^2\le 4\ ,$$
if the density at a point is equal to the distance from the origin. Hint: use the symmetries of the solid;
$\arcsin(3/4)=0.848$.
Solution:
The problem will be much easier if we "rotate" it exchanging the y and z axis:
The first ball becomes x
2
Cy
2
Cz
2
%9 (same equation) , and the second: x
2
Cy
2
C zK2
2
%4
In spherical coordinates the equation of the first ball is %3 .The second ball:
x
2
Cy
2
Cz
2
K4 zC4 %4 or

2
%4 cos or %4 cos . The surfaces of the balls intersect when 3 = 4 cos , or cos =
3
4

which corresponds to = 0.723,
which we will denote by
0
. The density is .
evalf(arccos(3/4));
0.7227342478
with(plots):display(plot([4*cos(Pi/2-t),3],t=0..2*Pi,coords=
polar,color=red,thickness=3),
pointplot([[0,0],[3*cos(Pi/2-0.7227342478),3*sin(Pi/2
-0.7227342478)]],connect=true,color=blue));
## we put Pi/2-t since phi starts at the vertical axis
(6) (6)
O O
O O
(7) (7)
(5) (5)
O O
(8) (8)
(r^3*sin(t),r=3..4*cos(t)),t=0..phi0),tt=0..2*Pi);
661
10
K
128
5
cos 0
5
C
81
2
cos 0
expand(simplify(Pi*3^4+(1/10)*Pi*4^4*(1-cos(phi[0])^5)-(1/2)*Pi*
3^4*(1-cos(phi[0]))));
661
10
K
128
5
cos
0
5
C
81
2
cos
0
The moments M
xz
and M
yz
are 0 by symmetry. We have to calculate M
xy
M
xy
=
0
2
0

0
3
cos $
2
sin d d d C
0
2
0

0
3
4 cos
cos $
2
sin d d d =
= 0 since
0

cos sin d = 0 C 2 $
0

0
1
5

5
3
4 cos
cos sin d =
=
2
5
$
0

0
4
5
cos
5
K3
5
cos sin d =
2
5
$4
5
0

0
cos
6
sin dK
2
5
$3
5
0

0
cos sin d =
=
2
5
$4
5
K
1
7
cos
7

0

0
K
2
5
$3
5
K
1
2
cos
2

0

0
=
2
35
$4
5
1Kcos
7

0
K

5
$3
5
1 Kcos
2

0

= B
int(int(int(r^4*cos(t)*sin(t),r=0..3),t=0..Pi),tt=0..2*Pi)+int
(int(int(r^4*cos(t)*sin(t),r=3..4*cos(t)),t=0..phi0),tt=0..2*Pi)
;
347
35
K
2048
35
cos 0
7
C
243
5
cos 0
2

expand((2*Pi*(1/35))*4^5*(1-cos^7*phi[0])-(1/5)*Pi*3^5*(1-cos^2*
phi[0]));
347
35
K
2048
35
cos
7

0
C
243
5
cos
2

0
The center of mass for "rotated" problem is (0,0,B/A). The center of mass for the original problem is
(0,B/A,0).
Problem 4: Find the mass of the wire in the shape of the curve:
r(t)= < t, t^2, 2t^2 > ,0 t 1
if the density per unit length is the distance from the (y,z) - plane .
Solution: the density at point (x,y,z) is equal to x.
r t = t, t
2
, 2 t
2
, r' t = 1, 2 t, 4 t , r' t = 1 C4 t
4
C16 t
4
= 1 C20 t
2
O O
O O
(9) (9)

m=
0
1
t 1 C20 t
2
dt = s = 1 C20 t
2
, ds = 40 t dt =
1
40
1
21
s d s =
1
40
2
3
s
3
2
1
21
=
1
60
21
3
2
K1
simplify(int(t*sqrt(1+20*t^2),t=0..1));
7
20
21 K
1
60
Problem 5: Evaluate the integral
D
(x^2+y^2) exp(xy) dA ,
where $D$ is a region in the positive quadrant bounded by the curves $xy=1$, $xy=2$, $x^2-y^2=1$,
$x^2-y^2=2$.
Solution:
Change of variables: u = xy, v = x
2
Ky
2
,
Jacobian
v u, v
v x, y
=
y 2 x
x K2 y
=K2 y
2
K2 x
2
=K2 x
2
Cy
2
so
v x, y
v u, v
=K
1
2 x
2
Cy
2
Our integral becomes
1
2
1
2
x
2
Cy
2
e
u 1
2 x
2
Cy
2
d u d v =
1
2
$1$ e
2
Ke
plot([1/x,2/x,sqrt(x^2-1),sqrt(x^2-2)],x=1..2);# Original region
of integration
x
1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
Problem 6: Find the area of the surface cut from the paraboloid $z = 3x^2 + 3y^2$ by the planes $z
= 48$ and $z = 75$.
Solution: The projection of this area on x,y-plane is region D bounded by circles 48=3x^2 + 3y^2 or
x
2
Cy
2
= 16 and
75 = 3x
2
C3 y
2
or
x
2
Cy
2
= 25
The parametrization : r x, y =!x, y, 3 x
2
C3 y
2
O.
The tangent vectors: r
x
x, y = 1, 0, 6 x
r
y
x, y = 0, 1, 6 y
r
x
x, y #r
y
x, y = K6 x,K6 y, 1
r
x
x, y #r
y
x, y = 1 C36 x
2
C36 y
2
The area is equal to
D
1 C36 x
2
C36 y
2
dA =
0
2
4
5
1 C36 r
2
r dr d = 2
2
3

1
72
1 C36 r
2
3
2
4
5
=

3$18
1
O O
(10) (10)
O O
O O
(11) (11)
(12) (12)
C36$25
3
2
K 1 C36$16
3
2
int(int(r*sqrt(1+36*r^2),r=4..5),t=0..2*Pi);
K
577
54
577 C
901
54
901
simplify(Pi*((1+36*25)^(3/2)-(1+36*16)^(3/2))/(3*18));
K
1
54
577 577 K901 901
Problem 7: Evaluate
S
!x
2
, y
2
, z
2
O d S
where S is the surface x^2+y^2+ z^2=2az, a>0
Solution:
We will use the divergence theorem: div F = 2 x C2 y C2 z
The equation of the sphere in spherical coordinates is
2
= 2 a cos or
= 2 a cos . At the same time we can represent the sphere as
x
2
Cy
2
Cz
2
K2 azCa
2
= a
2
or
x
2
Cy
2
C zK a
2
= a
2
which shows that the sphere is above the x, y plane.
Because the sphere is symmetrical with respect the planes (x,z) and (y,z) the integrals of 2x and of 2y
give 0.
We have to evaluate
0
2
0

2
0
2 a cos
2 cos
2
sin d d d = 4
0

2
1
4

4
0
2 a cos
cos sin d =
16 a
4

2
cos
5
sin d = 16 a
4
K
1
6
cos
6

2
=
8
3
a
4

int(int(int(2*r^3*cos(t)*sin(t),r=0..2*a*cos(t)),t=0..Pi/2),tt=
0..2*Pi);
8
3
a
4

Problem 8:
(a)\ Prove that
div F#G = G,curl FKF,curl G
for any vector fields $\vec F, \vec G$ on $\mathbb R^3$ with continuous first partial derivatives.
Proof :
Let F = P, Q, R , G= S, T, V . Then, F#G=
i j k
P Q R
S T V
= QVKRT, RSKPV, PTKQS
Problem 9:One of the vector fields:
$$ \vec F(x,y,z)=\langle\cos x\cos y\cos z, -\sin x\sin y\cos z, -\sin x \cos y\sin z \rangle\ ,$$
$$ \vec G(x,y,z)=\langle\cos x\cos y\cos z, -\cos x\sin y\cos z, -\sin x \cos y\sin z\rangle\ ,$$
is conservative. Find out which one and then integrate the conservative vector field along the curve
$C$ given as $ \vec r(u)=\langle u,2u, 3u\rangle$, $u\in[0,2\pi]$.
Solution:
F = cos x cos y cos z,Ksin x sin y cos z,Ksin x cos y sin z ,
curl F =
i j k
v
v x
v
vy
v
v z
cos x cos y cos z Ksin x sin y cos z Ksin x cos y sin z
=
sin x sin y sin zKsin x sin y sin z, Kcos x cos y sin zCcos x cos y sin z, Kcos x sin y cos zC
Kcos x sin y cos z = 0, 0, 0
Since curl(F) = 0 and F is well defined in the whole space R
3
(no holes), F is conservative.
We do not need to check G. Now, we look for the potential of F, i.e., a function f such that F =Vf

v f
v x
= cos x cos y cos z , 1
v f
v y
=Ksin x sin y cos z , 2
v f
v z
=Ksin x cos y sin z . 3

Integrating (1) in x : f = sin x cos y cos zCC y, z


v f
v y
=Ksin x sin y cos z C
v C
v y
y, z
Comparing with (2) :
v C
v y
y, z = 0 so C y, z = C z
Now : f = sin x cos y cos zCC z


v f
v z
=Ksin x cos y sin z CC' z
Comparing with (3) : C' z = 0 so C z = C
Now : f = sin x cos y cos zCC (C can be disregarded for integration)
Now, we will use the FThLI:
C
Fdr = f last point Kf first point
r u = u, 2 u, 3 u , u 2 0, 2
r 0 = 0, 0, 0 , r 2 = 2 , 2 , 6
f 2 , 2 , 6 = 0
f 0, 0, 0 = 0
C
Fdr = 0
Problem 10 :
Evaluate the integral
c

arctan x
3
C3
3 Cx
2
C2 x cos x
2
Cy
2
dx C
sin cos
2
1 Cy
2
y
2
C100
C2 y cos x
2
Cy
2
dy
where C is the ellipse x K4
2
C
y
2
4
= 1 .
Solution:
We use Green's theorem. If the integrand is written as F = P, Q , then
v Q
v x
=K2 y sin x
2
Cy
2
2 x
v P
v y
=K2 x sin x
2
Cy
2
2 y

so
v Q
v x
K
v P
v y
= 0 and the integral is 0. (The functions under the integral are well defined in the
whole plane)
Problem 11 : Calculate the flux of $ \vec F(x,y,z)=\langle x^3,y^3,z^3\rangle$ across
the surface of the hemisphere $x^2+y^2+z^2=9$, $z\ge 0$, oriented outwards.
Solution: We will use the divergence theorem, although the surface S is not closed. We will close it by
adding a flat disk S
1
: x
2
Cy
2
%9 in the z = 0 plane. Then,
E
div F dV =
S
F dS C
S
1
F dS
div F = 3 x
2
C3 y
2
C3 z
2
= 3
2
E
div F dV=
0
2
0

2
0
3
3
2

2
sin d d d = 2 3
1
5
3
5
=
2
5
$3
6
S
1
F dS =
x
2
Cy
2
%9
x
3
, y
3
, 0 !0, 0,K1 OdA = 0
Thus,
S
F dS =
2
5
$3
6
Problem 12 : Let $S$ be an ellipsoidal disc cut out from the plane $2x+y-2z=1$
by the cylinder $x^2+y^2=4$. Let $C$ be the boundary of $S$.
Find $$\oint_C \langle \cos(1+x^3)+y^3,y^3+y^2\sin(1+ y^3),-2x^3+\cos(1+z^3)\rangle \cdot d\vec r\ .
$$