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Experiment No. 5: Study of Numerical Aperture of Optical Fiber

This experiment measures the numerical aperture of a plastic optical fiber using a 660nm LED. Numerical aperture refers to the maximum angle that light can enter the fiber and still undergo total internal reflection. It is measured by launching light into one end of a fiber, measuring the diameter of the illuminated circle at a known distance on a screen, and using this to calculate the numerical aperture based on geometry. Key steps are aligning the LED and fiber, measuring the diameter of the illuminated circle, and using formulas to determine the numerical aperture from these measurements.

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147 views

Experiment No. 5: Study of Numerical Aperture of Optical Fiber

This experiment measures the numerical aperture of a plastic optical fiber using a 660nm LED. Numerical aperture refers to the maximum angle that light can enter the fiber and still undergo total internal reflection. It is measured by launching light into one end of a fiber, measuring the diameter of the illuminated circle at a known distance on a screen, and using this to calculate the numerical aperture based on geometry. Key steps are aligning the LED and fiber, measuring the diameter of the illuminated circle, and using formulas to determine the numerical aperture from these measurements.

Uploaded by

api-19756875
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Experiment No.

Study of Numerical Aperture of Optical Fiber


TTL (HIGH) TRANSMITTER
I/P

DIGITAL
DRIVER
TO OPTICAL FIBER

BLOCK DIAGRAM FOR NUMERICAL APERTURE MEASUREMENT

NUMERICAL APETURE MEASUREMENT SETUP


JUMPER SETTING DIAGRAM FOR EXPERIMENT NO. 5

1 +5V

2 SFH 756V Anode

3 + 9V

JP10

1 Emitter of Q2 (2N2907)

2 Cathode of SFH 756V


3 Collector of Q1 (2N3904)

4 Cathode of SFH 450V

JP8

2.048 MHz 1 2

256 KHz

EXT-TTL

Manchester Coded Data 7 Digital Buffer I/P for LED


8 SFH 756V

JP4
EXPERIMENT NO. 5
NAME
Study of Numerical Aperture Of Optical Fiber.

OBJECTIVE
The objective of this experiment is to measure the numerical aperture of the plastic fiber
provided with the kit using 660 nm wavelength LED.

THEORY
Numerical aperture refers to the maximum angle at which the light incident on the fiber end
is totally internally reflected and is transmitted properly along the fiber. The cone formed by
the rotation of this angle along the axis of the fiber is the cone of acceptance of the fiber.
The light ray should strike the fiber end within its cone of acceptance, else it is refracted out
of the fiber core.

CONSIDERATIONS IN NA MEASUREMENT:

1. It is very important that the optical source should be properly aligned with the cable
& the distance from the launched point & the cable be properly selected to ensure
that the maximum amount of optical power is transferred to the cable.
2. This experiment is best performed in a less illuminated room.

EQUIPMENTS
Experimenter Kit
1 meter fiber cable
Fiber holding fixture
Ruler

PROCEDURE
1. Slightly unscrew the cap of LED SFH756V. Do not remove the cap from the
connector. Once the cap is loosened, insert the fiber into the cap. Now tighten the
cap by screwing it back.
2. Now short the jumpers as shown in the jumper diagram.
3. Connect the power cord to the kit & switch on the power supply.
4. Apply TTL high input to the LED from EXT-TTL terminal.
5. Insert the other end of the fiber into the numerical aperture measurement jig. Hold
the white sheet facing the fiber. Adjust the fiber such that its cut face is
perpendicular to the axis of the fiber.
6. Keep the distance of about 10 mm between the fiber tip and the screen. Gently
tighten the screw and thus fix the fiber in the place.
7. Now observe the illuminated circular patch of light on the screen.
8. Measure exactly the distance d and also the vertical and horizontal diameters MR
and PN as indicated in the fig.
9. Mean radius is calculated using the following formula
r = (MR + PN) / 4
10. Find the numerical aperture of the fiber using the formula

NA = sin Θmax = r / d2 + r2

where Θmax is the maximum angle at which the light incident is properly transmitted through
the fiber.

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