Most experienced support techs can drop to a command prompt and execute commands and utilities with

confidence. However, if you're starting to support Linux desktops on your network, you may quickly find yourself
lost when you open a Linux terminal session. Figure A is a list of common D!"#indows commands that you
pro$a$ly use on a daily $asis and their Linux counterparts%
&igure '
What you want to
do
How you did it in
DOS
How you do it in Linux
Copy a file copy path1\filename1
path2\filename2
cp path1/filename1
path2/filename2
Copy subdirectory xcopy path1\. path2 /s cp -R path1 path2
Delete a file del filename rm filename
Move a file move path1\filename1
path2
mv path1/filename1
path2
Rename a file ren filename1 filename2 mv filename1 filename2
List a directory dir ls
Change directory cd \path cd /path
Make directory md path md path
Delete a
subdirectory
deltree \path1 rm -R path
List text file
contents
type filename cat filename
Edit a file edit filename pico filename
Format floppy format a fdformat !fd"#$%%"
Check for disk
errors
chkdsk drive -or-
scandisk drive
fsck /device
Change file
attribute
attrib &- attribute
filename
chmod mode filename
Clear screen cls clear
Display
environment
variables
set env
'et environment
variable
set variable=value env variable=value
'et time time time date MMDDHHSS
Close command
prompt
exit exit
D!"#indows commands vs. Linux commands
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Windows DOS commands VS unix commands
Hi all this is a comparison of Ds commands -! unix commands. 's contary to .nix commands Doc commands
are not that much famous. /ut this ta$le will help you to compare the commands and to use them.
DOS Command UNIX or Bash Command Action
D)+ ls 0l 1or use ls 0l&210a all files2
1df 0k !pace remaining on filesystem2
List directory contents
D)+ 3.3 "o0d
D)+ 3.3 "v "os
D)+ "s
D)+ "aa
ls 0tr
ls 0ls
ls 0+
ls 0a
List directory contents $y reverse time of modification"creation.
List files and si4e
List directory"su$0directory contents recursively.
List hidden files.
*+55 ls 0+ List directory recursivly
,D cd ,hange directory
M6D)+
MD
mkdir Make a new directory
'!!)78 ln ,reate a file or directory link
+MD)+
+D
rmdir +emove a directory
,HD)+ pwd Display directory location
D5L
5+'!5
rm 0iv +emove a file
+MD)+ "! 18*2
D5L*+55 1#in 9:...2
rm 0+ +emove all directories and files $elow given directory
,;< cp 0piv ,opy a file
=,;< cp 0+ ,opy all file of directory recursivly
+58'M5 or M-5 mv 0iv +ename"move a file
*<;5 cat Dump contents of a file to users screen
M+5 more ;ipe output a single page at a time
H5L; or ,MM'8D "( man nline manuals
,L!
clear
ctrl0l
,lear screen
5=)*
5=)*>
exit
exit >
5xit a shell
&)8D
&)8D!*+
grep Look for a word in files given in command line
,M; diff
,ompare two files and show differences. 'lso see comm, cmp, mgdiff and
tkdiff.
&, diff
,ompare two files and show differences. 'lso see comm, cmp, mgdiff and
tkdiff.
!5* set and env List all environment varia$les
!5* variable?value
echo @variable@
set
export variable?value
echo Avariable
!et environment varia$les
!how environment varia$les
5,H text echo text 5cho text to screen
!5* variable
setenv 1for , shell2 or export VAR=val 1for
6orn shell. 'lso VAR=val2
!et environment varia$les
;'*H
;'*H @;'*H@B,%CD)+
echo A;'*H
;'*H?A;'*H%"dir
Display search path for executa$les.
!et ;'*H environment varia$le.
;+M;* ApAg export ;!D?'Ch1Cu2C#E ' !et user command prompt.
D'*5 or *)M5 date !how date. 1also set date 0 D! only2
D!65< "h history List command history
D!65< NAME=command alias NAME=command !et command alias
/+5'6 8 trap *rap ctrl0$reak " *rap signals.
!+* sort !ort data alpha$etically"numerically
5DL)8 ed Line mode editor
5D)* filename.txt
pico, gnp, vi, xedit, xemacs,dtpad
5dit a file. *he Linux editor which looks most like D! edit is pro$a$ly ;ico.
18ot a recomendationF2
/',6.; files '%C tar 0cvf "dev"fd> files
mdir, mcopy
doswrite 0a file 1')= only2
!ave files to floppy.
!ee .sing D! floppies
+5!*+5 '%C files
tar 0xvf "dev"fd> files
mdir, mcopy
dosread 0a file 1')= only2
+ead files from floppy.
!ee .sing D! floppies
'**+)/ GHrI0rJ GHaI0aJ GHsI0sJ
GpathCfileJ "s
chmod
,hange file permissions. D!% H%set to 0%remove r%+ead only a%'rchive
s%!ystem "s%recursively
'**+)/ Hh or 0h mv file .file ,hange file to a hidden file 0 rename file with prefix K.K
;+)8* lpr ;rint a file
,'LL
,MM'8D ", 1D!2, ,MD
18*2
source script 1cshrc2
. script 1$ash2
sh script
5xecute script from within $atch shell.
M5M free
top
!how free memory on system
*'!6L)!* 1#)8L6, =;2 ps 0aux
top
List executa$le name, process )D num$er and memory usage of active
processes
M!D lsdev !how system info 1,ommand $orrowed from ')=2
!,'8D)!6
D5&+'7 ,%
fsck
de$ugfs
,heck and repair hard drive file system
,HD)!6 du 0s Disk usage.
&D)!6 fdisk *ool to partition a hard drive.
!./!* -% ,%CdirectoryCpath mount Mount a drive letter to a folder"directory on your hard drive.
&+M'* mkeLfs
!ee% fdformat and mformat for floppies
&ormat drive file system.
-5+
uname 0a
echo A!H5LL
cat "etc"issue
perating system"shell version
pk4ip
tar and 4ip
,ompress and uncompress files"directories. .se tar to create compilation of a
directory $efore compressing. Linux also has compress, g4ip
H!*8'M5 hostname ;rint host name of computer
;)87 ping !end packets to a network host
*+',5+* traceroute !how routes and router hops to given network destination.
);,8&)7 18*2
#)8);,&7 1#in 9:...2
ifconfig Display"configure network interface
8/*!*'* 18et$ios info% 0n,
0c2
8/*!*'* 0a host-name
8/*!*'* 0' IP-address
nslookup host-name
host host-name
;rint D8! info for host.
+.*5 ;+)8* route 0n ;rint routing ta$le.
85* H5L; !*'+* chkconfig 00list Igrep on List services.
85* !*'+*service-name
85* !*;service-name
service service-name start
service service-name stop
!tart"stop service"daemon.
85* !H'+5! df !how mounted shares"filesystems.
85* !58D 18*2
sm$client 0M M-!indo"s-host-name
talk
!end pop0up to a M!"#indows ;,
!end message to another .nix"Linux user. !ee <oLinux tutorial
#)8 startx !tart =0#indows.
+5/* shutdown 0r now +e$oot system.
*o change the 'ndroid0xMN screen resolution on -irtual/ox you need to%
D. 'dd custom screen resolution%
VBoxManage setextradata "VM_NAME_HERE" "CustomVideoMode1" "320x480x1"
L. &igure out what is the OhexP0value for your VideoMode%
L.D. !tart the -M
L.L. )n 7+./ menu enter a
L.Q. )n the next screen append !ga"as# and press Enter
L.R. &ind your resolution and write down"remem$er the 'hex'0value for Mode column
Q. *ranslate the value to decimal notation 1for example 30 hex is 84 in decimal2.
R. 7o to menu$%st and modify it%
R.D. &rom the 7+./ menu select &e'ug Mode
R.L. )nput the following%
($ mount )o remount*r+ ,mnt
$ -d ,mnt,gru'
!i menu$%st
R.Q. 'dd !ga"84 1if your OhexP0value is 302. 8ow it should look like this%
kernel "android0L.Q0+,D"kernel quiet root?"dev"ram> android$ootShardware?eeepc
acpiSsleep?sQS$ios,sQSmode D;)?DN> .-5!'SMD5?QL>xRM> !+,?"android0L.Q0+,D
!D,'+D?"data"sdcard.img vga?MNR
R.R. !ave it%
.+/
T. .nmount and re$oot%
8$ -d ,
0$ umount ,mnt
re'oot )1