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Form 4 Physics Formula List

This document contains physics formulas and equations for Form 4 students. It includes equations for determining period of a pendulum, speed, velocity, acceleration, momentum, force, work, energy, power, pressure, heat, light, and other topics. Key equations listed calculate things like period of a pendulum using length and gravitational field strength, speed using distance and time, and determining refractive index using angle of incidence and refraction. Over 40 equations are provided in total to help students with physics problems.

Uploaded by

Noraini Ibrahim
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© © All Rights Reserved
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2K views

Form 4 Physics Formula List

This document contains physics formulas and equations for Form 4 students. It includes equations for determining period of a pendulum, speed, velocity, acceleration, momentum, force, work, energy, power, pressure, heat, light, and other topics. Key equations listed calculate things like period of a pendulum using length and gravitational field strength, speed using distance and time, and determining refractive index using angle of incidence and refraction. Over 40 equations are provided in total to help students with physics problems.

Uploaded by

Noraini Ibrahim
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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com
1
Physics Formula List: Form 4
Form 4 Equations/Uses
Chapter 1:
Introduction to
Physics
Equation to determine the consistency of measurements: relative deviation
Relative deviation =
value average
deviation average
x 100%
Equation to determine period of oscillation of a simple pendulum system
T = 2
g
l
T = period (s)
l= length of pendulum bob (m)
g = gravitational field strength (10ms
-2
)
Equation to determine the gradient of a graph
Chapter 2:
Forces and
Motion
Equation to determine speed
Speed = Distance travelled
Time taken
Equation to determine average speed
Average speed = Total distance travelled
Total time taken
Equation to determine velocity
Velocity = Displacement
Time taken
Equation to determine average velocity
Average velocity = Total Displacement
Total time taken
Gradient, m =
x
y

y = change in y
x = change in x
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2
Equation to determine acceleration
Acceleration, a =
t
u v
v = final velocity (ms
-1
)
u = initial velocity (ms
-1
)
t = time (s)
Equations to solve the problems involving motion with constant velocity and
motion with constant acceleration
Motion with constant velocity Motion with constant acceleration
s = (
2
v u
) x t
v = u + at
s = ut +
2
1
at
2
s = v
av
x t
v
2
= u
2
+ 2as
Equation to determine momentum of an object
p = m x v p = momentum (kgms
-1
)
m = mass (kg)
v = velocity (ms
-1
)
Equation to solve the problems involving elastic collision
m
1
u
1
+ m
2
u
2
= m
1
v
1
+ m
2
v
2
Equation to solve the problems involving inelastic collision
m
1
u
1
+ m
2
u
2
= (m
1
+ m
2
) v
Equation to solve the problems involving explosion
m
1
v
1
+ m
2
v
2
= 0
Equation to determine resultant force
F = ma F= Force (N)
m = mass (kg)
a = acceleration (ms
-2
)
Equations to determine impulse
Impulse = Ft
Impulse = mv mu m = mass (kg)
u = initial velocity (ms
-1
)
v = final velocity (ms
-1
)
Equation to determine impulsive force
F =
t
mu mv
F = impulsive force (N)
m = mass (kg)
u = initial velocity (ms
-1
)
v = final velocity (ms
-1
)
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3
t = time of impact (s)
Equation to determine Weight
W = mg W= weight (N)
m = mass (kg)
g = 10 ms
-2
Equations to determine Weight in lift
Situation Explanation
(a)Lift at rest or moves up or
down at a constant
velocity.
Weight, W = mg
(b) Lift moves up with an
acceleration of a ms
-2
.
Weight, W = m(g+a)
(c)Lift moves down with an
acceleration of a ms
-2
.
Weight, W = m(g-a)
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4
Equation to calculate work
W = Fs W = Work (J)
F = Force (N)
s = displacement (m)
Equation to calculate gravitational potential energy
E
p
= mgh E
p
= gravitational potential energy (J)
m = mass of af bject (kg)
g = 10 ms
-2
h = height of object (m)
Equation to calculate kinetic energy
E
k
= mv
2
E
k
= kinetic energy (J)
m = mass of af bject (kg)
v = velocity (ms
-1
)
Equation to calculate power
P =
t
W
P = Power of a device (W)
W = work (J)
T = time to do work (s)
Equations to calculate efficiency
Efficiency
Input Energy
Output Energy Useful
x100%
Efficiency
Input Power
Output Power Useful
x100%
Equation to solve the problems involving spring (Hookes Law)
F=kx F = Force (N)
k =spring constant (Nm
-1
)
x = extension/compression of a spring (m)
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5
Equations to determine the elastic potential energy stored in a spring
E
p
= Fx E
p
= elastic potential energy stored in a spring (J)
E
p
= kx
2
F = Force (N)
x = extension/compression of a spring (m)
k =spring constant (Nm
-1
)
Chapter 3:
Forces and
Pressure
Equation to calculate pressure
P =
A
F
P = Pressure (Pa)
F = Force (N)
A = Area of contact (m
2
)
Equation to calculate pressure in liquid
P = hg P = Pressure in liquid (Pa)
h = depth of liquid (m)
= density of liquid (kgm
-3
)
g = 10 ms
-2
Equation to solve the problems involving Pascals Principle
1
1
A
F
=
2
2
A
F
F
1
= input force (N)
F
2
= output force (N)
A
1
= input piston area (m
2
)
A
2
= output piston area (m
2
)
Equation to determine buoyant force
Buoyant force = Vg = density of fluid displaced (kgm
-3
)
V = Volume of fluid displaced (m
3
)
g = 10 ms
-2
Chapter 4: Heat Equation to solve the problem involving calibration of a thermometer
=
0 100
0
l l
l l

x100
0
C = temperature (
0
C)
l
0
= length of mercury thread at 0
0
C (cm)
l
100
= length of mercury thread at 100
0
C (cm)
l

= length of mercury thread at


0
C (cm)
Equations to solve the problems involving specific heat capacity
Q = mc Q = heat absorbed/released (J)
m = mass of object (kg)
c = specific heat capacity of an object (Jkg
-10
C
-1
)
= change in temperature (
0
C)
Pt = mc P = Power of heater (W)
t = time of heating (s)
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6
Equations to solve the problems involving specific latent heat
Q = ml
f
Q = heat absorbed/released (J)
m = mass of object (kg)
l
f
= specific latent heat of fusion (Jkg
-1
)
Q = ml
v
l
v
= specific latent heat of vapourization (Jkg
-1
)
Equation to solve the problems involving Boyles Law
P
1
V
l
= P
2
V
2
P
1
= Initial pressure of gas (Pa)
P
2
= Final pressure of gas (Pa)
V
1
= Initial volume of gas (m
3
)
V
2
= Final volume of gas (m
3
)
Equation to solve the problems involving Charles Law
1
1
T
V
=
2
2
T
V
V
1
= Initial volume of gas (m
3
)
V
2
= Final volume of gas (m
3
)
T
1
= Initial temperature of gas (K)
T
2
= Final temperature of gas (K)
Equation to solve the problems involving Pressure Law
1
1
T
P
=
2
2
T
P
P
1
= Initial pressure of gas (Pa)
P
2
= Final pressure of gas (Pa)
T
1
= Initial temperature of gas (K)
T
2
= Final temperature of gas (K)
Equation to convert temperature Celcius from to Kelvin
T = + 273 T = temperature (K)
= temperature (
0
C)
Chapter 5:
Light
Equations to determine refractive index of a transparent medium
n =
r
i
sin
sin
n = refractive index (no unit)
i = angle of incidence (
0
)
r = angle of refraction (
0
)
n =
v
c
c = speed of light in vacuum (3x10
8
ms
-1
)
v = speed of light in the medium (ms
-1
)
n =
d
D
D = real depth of object (m)
d = apparent depth of image (m)
n =
c sin
1
c = critical angle of the transparent medium (
0
)
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7
Equations to determine the power of lenses
P =
f
1
P = power of lens (D)
f = Focal length of a lens (m)
Equations to solve the problems involving lenses
u
1
+
v
1
=
f
1
f = Focal length of a lens (m)
u = object distance (m)
v = image distance (m)
m =
u
v
m = linear magnification of a lens (no unit)
u = object distance (m)
v = image distance (m)

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