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Worksheet On Basic Differentiation

This document provides a mathematical methods revision on differential calculus. It contains: 1) Exercises to find the derivatives of various functions. 2) Questions involving the derivatives and intersections of two curves defined by f(x) and g(x). 3) An exercise to analyze the graph of the function y = 4x - x4/3, finding intercepts, stationary points, and determining if stationary points are maxima, minima or points of inflection.

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mathsman9
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947 views

Worksheet On Basic Differentiation

This document provides a mathematical methods revision on differential calculus. It contains: 1) Exercises to find the derivatives of various functions. 2) Questions involving the derivatives and intersections of two curves defined by f(x) and g(x). 3) An exercise to analyze the graph of the function y = 4x - x4/3, finding intercepts, stationary points, and determining if stationary points are maxima, minima or points of inflection.

Uploaded by

mathsman9
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Mathematical Methods 1

Differential Calculus Revision


1. Find the derivatives of the following functions:
(a)
3 2 7 4
3 5
+ = x x x y
(g)
x
x x
y
2
8 1
2

=
(b)
2
2
3
3 x
x
y + = (h)
2
2
+ = x y
(c)
3
5 x x y = (i)
x
y
5
3
=
(d)
2
3 5
6
x
x x x
y
+
= ()
3
) 2 ( + = x y
(e)
x
x
y
4
4
1
+ =
(!)
2
1

+ =
x
x y
(f) ) 7 )( 5 (
2 3
x x x y + = (l)
24 6 2
1
4 3 2
x x x
x y + + + + =
2. "et
2 3 ) ( = x x f
and
x
x g
1
) ( =
#
(a) Find
) 4 ( f
and
) 3 ( g
#
(b) Find
) 1 5 ( + a f
and
) 1 2 ( + c g
#
(c) Find
) 1 ( f
and
) 2 ( g
(d) $%&lain in geo'etrical ter's what
) 2 ( g
means#
(e) Find the value(s) of % for
) ( ) ( x g x f =
#
(f) Find the coordinates of the &oint(s) where the curves
) (x f
and
) (x g

intersect#
(int: use &art (e)#
(g) )!etch the gra&hs of
) (x f
and
) (x g
on the sa'e set of a%es showing all %
and * interce&ts and all as*'&totes# +lso show the &oints of intersection#
(h) Find the e,uation of the tangent line to the curve
) (x g
at the &oint
2
1
= x
3. For the function
3 4
4x x y =
:
Gary Pocock 06/06/14 1
(a) Find the % and * interce&ts#
(b) Find the coordinates of all stationar* &oints#
(c) -eter'ine whether the stationar* &oints are 'a%i'a. 'ini'a. or &oints of
inflection#
(d) )!etch the gra&h of this function. showing all of the above &oints#
Answers
1# (a)
2 21 2/
3 2 7 4
3 4
3 5
=
+ =
x x
dx
dy
x x x y
(e)
3
2
2
3
2
2
1
1
2
4
1
2
4
1
4
4
1
4
4
1
x
x dx
dy
x x
dx
dy
x x y
x x
y
=
=
+ =
+ =

(b)
3
3
2 2
2
2
6
3
2
6
3
2
3
3
1
3
3
x
x
x x
dx
dy
x x y
x
x
y
=
=
+ =
+ =

(f)
35 1/ 28 5
35 5 7
) 7 )( 5 (
3 4
2 4 5
2 3
+ =
+ =
+ =
x x x
dx
dy
x x x x y
x x x y
(c)
3 2
3
2
2
1
3
1
2
1
3
3
1
2
5
3
1
2
5
5
5
x
x dx
dy
x x
dx
dy
x x y
x x y
=
=
=
=

(g)
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
4
2
1
2 2
8
2
1
2
8 1
2
2
1
2
2
=
=
=
=

=

x dx
dy
x
dx
dy
x x y
x
x
x
x
x
y
x
x x
y
Gary Pocock 06/06/14 2
(d)
2
2
2 2
1 3
3
2 2
3
2
5
2
3 5
6
1 3
6 1 3
6
6
6
6
x
x
dx
dy
x x
dx
dy
x x x y
x
x x y
x
x
x
x
x
x
y
x
x x x
y
+ + =
+ + =
+ =
+ =
+ =
+
=

(h)
x
dx
dy
x y


2
2
2
=
+ =
(i)
3
2
3
2
1
1/
3
1/
3
5
3
5
3
x
dx
dy
x
dx
dy
x y
x
y
=
=
=
=

(!)
3
3
2 2
2
2
2
2
2
2 2
2
1
2
1 1
1
x
x
dx
dy
x x
dx
dy
x x y
x
x y
x
x
x
x y
x
x y
=
=
+ + =
+ + =

+ =

+ =

()
2
2
2
2 3
2
3
) 2 ( 3
) 4 4 ( 3
12 12 3
8 12 6
) 2 )( 4 4 (
) 2 )( 2 )( 2 (
) 2 (
+ =
+ + =
+ + =
+ + + =
+ + + =
+ + + =
+ =
x
dx
dy
x x
dx
dy
x x
dx
dy
x x x y
x x x y
x x x y
x y
(l)
6 2
1
24
4
6
3
2
2
1
24 6 2
1
3 2
3 2
4 3 2
x x
x
dx
dy
x x x
dx
dy
x x x
x y
+ + + =
+ + + =
+ + + + =
2. "et
2 3 ) ( = x x f
and
x
x g
1
) ( =
#
(a)
1/ 2 ) 4 ( 3 ) 4 ( = = f

3
1
3
1
) 3 ( =

= g
(b)
1 15 2 ) 1 5 ( 3 ) 1 5 ( + = + = + a a a f

1 2
1
) 1 2 (
+
= +
c
c g
Gary Pocock 06/06/14 3
(c)
3 ) 1 (
3 ) (
=
=
f
x f

4
1
) 2 (
1
) 2 (
1
) (
2
2
2
=

=
= =

g
x
x x g
(d)
4
1
) 2 ( = g
'eans that the gradient of the tangent line to the curve
x
x g
1
) ( =
at the &oint % 0 12 is e,ual to
4
1

#
(e)
1
3
1
/ 1 / 1 3
/ ) 1 )( 1 3 (
/ 1 2 3
1 2 3
1 ) 2 3 (
1
2 3
) ( ) (
2
2
= =
= = +
= +
=
=
=
=
=
x or x
x or x
x x
x x
x x
x x
x
x
x g x f
(f) Fro' (e) the curves intersect at
1
3
1
= = x and x
# 2e ust need to find the *1
values of the &oints of intersection# 3ow
1 2 ) 1 ( 3 ) 1 ( = = f
. and
3 2 1 2
3
1
3
3
1
= =

f
#
4herefore the two curves intersect at the &oints

3 .
3
1
) 1 . 1 ( and
#
(g) 5se Graphmatica to check your sketches.
(h)
4
2
1
1
2
1
1
) (
1
) (
2
2
2
1
=


= =
= =

g
x
x x g
x
x
x g

)o the gradient of the tangent line at
2
1
= x
is 14# (i#e# ' 0 14)#
4herefore the e,uation of the tangent line is * 0 14% 6 c#
Gary Pocock 06/06/14 4
3ow when
2
1
= x
.
2
2
1
1
2
1
= =

g
#
)ince the &oint

2 .
2
1
lies on the tangent line we can substitute it into
* 0 14% 6 c to find 7c8#
4
2 2
2
1
4 2
=
+ =
+

=
c
c
c
)o the e,uation of the tangent line is * 0 14% 6 4#
3. ) 4 ( 4
3 3 4
= = x x x x y (*)
(a) 2hen % 0 /. * 0 /
3
(/ 1 4) 0 /# 4herefore *1interce&t is at (/. /)#
2hen * 0 /:
%
3
(% 1 4) 0 /
)o: %
3
0 / or % 1 4 0 /
4hat is. % 0 / or % 0 4# 4herefore % interce&ts are (/. /) or (4. /)
(b)
3 4
4x x y =

) 3 ( 4 12 4
2 2 3
= = x x x x
dx
dy
(**)
)tationar* &oints occur when
/ =
dx
dy
4hat is. 4%
2
(% 1 3) 0 /
)o: 4%
2
0 / or % 1 3 0 /
4herefore stationar* &oints occur at % 0 / or % 0 3#
3ow substitute these % values in (*) to find the corres&onding * values#
2hen % 0 /. * 0 /
4
1 4(/)
3
0 /
2hen % 0 3. * 0 3
4
1 4(3)
3
0 127
4herefore stationar* &oints occur at (/. /) and (3. 127)
(c) 5se the sign diagra' test# ()ubstitute the % values below into (**) )
Gary Pocock 06/06/14 5
+t % 0 /:
% -1 / 1
d*9d% - / -
)o there is a &oint of inflection at (/. /)#
+t % 0 3:
% 2 3 4
d*9d% - / +
)o there is a 'ini'u' at the &oint (3. 127)
(d) Check your sketch using Graphmatica#
Gary Pocock 06/06/14 6

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