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The document contains several problems involving calculations for air-standard cycles used in internal combustion engines, including Otto, Diesel, and Dual cycles. The problems involve calculating temperatures, pressures, efficiencies, work, power, and other parameters at different states in the cycles given information like initial conditions, compression ratios, fuel properties and engine operating conditions.

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719 views

80 File 0363

The document contains several problems involving calculations for air-standard cycles used in internal combustion engines, including Otto, Diesel, and Dual cycles. The problems involve calculating temperatures, pressures, efficiencies, work, power, and other parameters at different states in the cycles given information like initial conditions, compression ratios, fuel properties and engine operating conditions.

Uploaded by

JaneshBaba
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Homework 05 Air standard cycles: 3-1.

Cylinder conditions at the start of compression in an SI engine operating at WOT on an air-standard Otto cycle are 60C and 98 kPa. The engine has a compression ratio of 9.5:1 and uses gasoline with AF = 15.5. Combustion efficiency is 96%, and it can be assumed that there is no exhaust residual. Calculate: (a) Temperature at all states in the cycle. [0C] (b) Pressure at all states in the cycle. [kpa] (c) Specific work done during power stroke. [kJ/kg] (d) Heat added during combustion. [kJ/kg] (e) Net specific work done. [kJ/kg] () Indicated thermal efficiency. [%] 3.2. The engine in Problem 3-1 is a three-liter V6 engine operating at 2400 RPM. At this speed the mechanical efficiency is 84%. Calculate: (a) Brake power. [kW] (b) Torque. [N-m] (c) Brake mean effective pressure. [kPa] (d) Friction power lost. [kW] (e) Brake specific fuel consumption. [gm/kW-hr] () Volumetric efficiency. [%] (g) Output per displacement. [kW/L] 3-3. A CI engine operating on the air-standard Diesel cycle has cylinder conditions at the start of compression of 65C and 130 kPa. Light diesel fuel is used at an equivalence ratio of = 0.8 with a combustion efficiency c = 0.98. Compression ratio is rc = 19. Calculate: (a) Temperature at each state of the cycle. [C] (b) Pressure at each state of the cycle. [kPa] (c) Cutoff ratio. (d) Indicated thermal efficiency. [%] (e) Heat lost in exhaust. [kJ/kg] 34. A compression ignition engine for a small truck is to operate on an air-standard Dual cycle with a compression ratio of rc = 18. Due to structural limitations, maximum allowable pressure in the cycle will be 9000 kPa. Light diesel fuel is used at a fuel-air ratio of FA = 0.054. Combustion efficiency can be considered 100%. Cylinder conditions at the start of compression are 50C and 98 kPa. Calculate: (a) Maximum indicated thermal efficiency possible with these conditions. [%] (b) Peak cycle temperature under conditions of part (a). [C] (c) Minimum indicated thermal efficiency possible with these conditions. [%] (d) Peak cycle temperature under conditions of part (c). [C] 3-5. An in-line six, 3.3-liter CI engine using light diesel fuel at an air-fuel ratio of AF = 20 operates on an air-standard Dual cycle. Half the fuel can be considered burned at constant volume, and half at constant pressure with combustion efficiency c = 100%.

Cylinder conditions at the start of compression are 60C and 101 kPa. Compression ratio rc = 14:1 Calculate: (a) Temperature at each state of the cycle. [K] (b) Pressure at each state of the cycle. [kPa] (c) Cutoff ratio. (d) Pressure ratio. (e) Indicated thermal efficiency. [%] (f) Heat added during combustion. [kJ/kg] (g) Net indicated work. [kJ/kg] 3-6. The engine in Problem 3-4 produces 57 kW of brake power at 2000 RPM. Calculate: (a) Torque. [N-m] (b) Mechanical efficiency. [%] (c) Brake mean effective pressure. [kPa] (d) Indicated specific fuel consumption. [gm/kW-hr] 3-7. An Otto cycle SI engine with a compression ratio of rc = 9 has peak cycle temperature and pressure of 2800 K and 9000 kPa. Cylinder pressure when the exhaust valve opens is 460 kPa, and exhaust manifold pressure is 100 kPa. Calculate: (a) Exhaust temperature during exhaust stroke. [C] (b) Exhaust residual after each cycle. [%] (c) Velocity out of the exhaust valve when the valve first opens. [m/sec] (d) Theoretical momentary maximum temperature in the exhaust. [C] 3-8. A six cylinder, two-stroke cycle CI ship engine with bore B = 35 cm and stroke S = 105 cm produces 3600 kW of brake power at 210 RPM. Calculate: (a) Torque at this speed. [kN-m] (b) Total displacement. [L] (c) Brake mean effective pressure. [kPa] (d) Average piston speed. [mlsec] 3-9. Cylinder conditions at the start of compression of a four-stroke cycle SI engine are 27C and 100 kPa. The engine has a compression ratio of rc = 8:1, and heat addition from combustion is qin = 2000 kJ/kg. Calculate: (a) Temperature and pressure at each state of the cycle, using air-standard Otto cycle analysis with constant specific heats. [C,kPa] (b) Indicated thermal efficiency in part (a). [%]

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