Umts Interview Questions

1. What are the optimization tools you use? Drive test, analysis, others? 2. Are System Information Bloc s !SIB" transmitte# all the time? No, system information block is multiplexed with synchronization channel. Synchronization channel occupies the first time slot ( S! and S"# occupies the other $ time slots. $. %ow #oes U& camp !synchronize" to a 'o#eB? %. &' uses the primary synchronization channel (()S*+! for slot ali,nment ( S synchronization!. -. .fter ali,nin, to Node# time slot, &' then uses secondary synchronization channel (S)S*+! to obtain frame synchronization and scramblin, code ,roup identification. /. &' then uses scramblin, code "D to obtain *("*+, thus campin, to a Node#. (. What coul# )e the cause of soft han#over failure? &' issue. 0esource unavailable at tar,et Node#. "nade1uate S+2 threshold defined. 'tc. *. What are the three sets in han#over? he / sets in handover are3 .ctive set 4 the list of cells which are in soft handover with &'. 5onitored set 4 the list of cells not in active set but 0N* has told &' to monitor. Detected set 4 list of cells detected by the &' but not confi,ured in the nei,hbor list. +. What are the ma,or #ifferences )etween -S. an# U./S han#over #ecision? 6S53 ime)based mobile measures of 0x7ev and 0x8ual 4 mobile sends measurement report every S.*+ period (9:;ms!. #S* instructs mobile to handover based on these reports. &5 S3

'vent)tri,,ered reportin, 4 &' sends a measurement report only on certain event <tri,,ers=. &' plays more part in the handover decision. 0. What are the events 1a1 1)1 1c1 etc.? e%a 4 a (rimary *("*+ enters the reportin, ran,e, i.e. add a cell to active set. e%b 4 a primary *("*+ leaves the reportin, ran,e, i.e. removed a cell from active set. e%c 4 a non)active primary *("*+ becomes better than an active primary *("*+, i.e. replace a cell. e%d3 chan,e of best cell. e%e3 a (rimary *("*+ becomes better than an absolute threshold. e%f3 a (rimary *("*+ becomes worse than an absolute threshold. 2. What are event 2a32# an# $a3$#? 'vents -a)-d are for inter)fre1uency handover measurements and events /a)/d are for "0. handover measurements.

e/a3 the &5 S cell 1uality has moved below a threshold and a 6S5 cell 1uality had moved above a threshold. e/b3 the 6S5 cell 1uality has moved below a threshold. e/c3 the 6S5 cell 1uality has moved above a threshold. e/d3 there was a chan,e in the order of best 6S5 cell list. 4. What may happen when there5s a missin6 nei6h)or or an incorrect nei6h)or? .ccess failure and handover failure3 may attempt to access to a wron, scramblin, code. Dropped call3 &' not aware of a stron, scramblin, code, stron, interference. (oor data throu,hput. (oor voice 1uality. 'tc. 17. What can we try to improve when access failure is hi6h? >hen access failure is hi,h we can try the followin, to improve 0.*+ performance3 "ncrease maximum &' transmit power allowed3 5ax?allowed?&7? @?(ower. "ncrease power 1uickly3 power?2ffset?(;. "ncrease number of preambles sent in a ,iven preamble cycle3 preamble?0etrans?5ax. "ncrease the number of preamble cycles3 max?(reamble?*ycle.

"ncrease number of 00* *onnection 0e1uest retries3 N/;;. 11. What are the con#itions you typically set to tri66er I8A/ han#over? 0S*( and 'cA"o are used to tri,,er "0. handover3 0S*( ? )%;;d#m. 'cA"o ? )%Bd#m. 12. What are the typical 9:Is you use to measure a networ an# what criteria? .ccess failure rate (? -C!. *all setup time (*S3 over $DC of the time E B)second for mobile)to)(S N, $)second for mobile)mobile. (S3 over $DC of the time E D)second!. Dropped call rate (? -C!. #7'03 over $DC of the blocks ? -C. .vera,e D7A&7 throu,hput for (SD3 -%;kbps for loaded, -9;kbps for unloaded. 1$. What is the typical U& transmit power? Faries 4 most of the time below ;d#m. 1(. %ave your use# &ricsson /&.S? If so; Do you know how to create command se1uence? >hat are the call se1uences you typically have? *S lon, call, *S short call, (SD call, etc. >hat are the typical commands you have for *S and (S call? Do you re,ularly stop and restart a new lo, file? >hy and when to stop and start a new file? +ow do you stop a lo, file? Stop command se1uence first, wait and make sure all e1uipment are in idle mode before stop lo,,in,. 1*. <i# you wor on nei6h)or prioritization? 1+. What is the typical event se=uence of I8A/ %an#over from $- to 2'vent -d 4 enterin, into compressed mode 4 measurement of -6 candidates 4 'vent /a 4 Ferification of -6 resources 4 +andover from & 0.N *ommand from /6 0N* to &' 10. What are the possi)le causes for an I8A/ >ailure? 5issin, -6 relations Non availability of -6 0esources (oor -6 *overa,e 5issin, /6 0elations

12. What is :a6in6 Success 8atio? What is the typical :S8 that you have seen in a U./S networ ? (S0 4 (a,in, 0esponses to the (a,in, .ttempts .bout $;C 14. What are the possi)le causes for a lower :S8? Non)continuous 0G *overa,e 4 &' ,oin, in and out of covera,e area fre1uently Fery +i,h H(eriodic 7ocation &pdate imerI 4 Jeepin, &'s in F70 lon, time after it moved out of covera,e 7ower (a,in, *hannel (ower .ccess *hannel (arameter "ssues Delayed 7ocation &pdate when crossin, the 7. A *N #oundaries 27. What are the possi)le causes for a <rop ?all on a U./S networ ? (oor *overa,e (D7 A &7! (ilot (ollution A (ilot Spillover 5issin, Nei,hbor S* *ollisions Delayed +andovers No resource availability (*on,estion! for +and in 7oss of Synchronization Gast Gadin, Delayed "0. ri,,ers +ardware "ssues 'xternal "nterference 21. A U& is serve# )y 2 or $ S? in AS. It is i#entifyin6 a S? from $r# tier1 Stron6er an# meets the criteria for &vent1a or &vent1c. But S%@ #i# not happen )ecause of missin6 nei6h)or relations? %ow #o you optimize this issue? Study the (ilot spillover from the /rd ier S* and control its covera,e 'ven after controllin, the covera,e, if the spillover is there, .dd the nei,hbor. 22. A U& is serve# )y 2 S? in AS1 a S? is comin6 in to .onitore# Set an# &vent1a is tri66ere#. But U& is not receivin6 Active Set Up#ate from 'o#eB an# the call #rops. What coul# )e possi)le causes for this #rop? Delayed +andover 7oss of Synchronization Gast Gadin, (ilot (ollution A Spillover issues 2$. What is %ar# %an#over in U./S? When will it happen? +ard +andover in &5 S is a break before make type +andover

"t can happen in the inter 0N* boundaries where there is no "ur link. 2(. What is the typical ?all Setup /ime for a $- U& to $- U& ?all? What are the possi)le 8> relate# causes for a #elaye# ?S/ in this type of call? B to $ seconds 5ultiple 00* .ttempts (&' is on poor covera,e 4 need more than .ccess .ttempt! Delayed (a,e 0esponses +i,h 7oad on (a,in, andAor .ccess *hannel (a,in, A .ccess (arameters 2*. What is Soft %an#over @verhea#? What is the typical value in U./S networ ? Soft +andover 2verhead is calculated in two ways. %! .vera,e .ctive Set Size 4 otal raffic A (rimary raffic. -! Secondary A otal raffic ypical Falues are like %.K (.v, .ctive Set Size! or /DC (Secondary A otal ! -B. >hat will happen to the Soft +andover 2verhead when you apply 2*NS on the network? .nd >hy? >ith 2*NS, the interference (load! increases. his leads to reduction in 'cA"o of a (ilot, which reduces the pilot spillovers. 0eduction in (ilot Spillover will reduce the Soft +andover 2verhead. 20. What are the possi)le causes for an Access >ailure in U./S? 5issin, Nei,hbors (oor *overa,e (ilot (ollution A Spillover (oor *ell 0eselection *ore Network "ssues Non 4 availability of resources. .dmission *ontrol denies +ardware "ssues "mproper 0.*+ (arameters 'xternal "nterference 22. !>@8 &8I?SS@' &A:&8I&'?&<" What is 8/W:? What is the si6nificance of it? 0eceived otal >ide)band (ower "t ,ives the otal &plink (ower ("nterference! level received at Node# 24. !>@8 &8I?SS@' &A:&8I&'?&<" What is the System 8eference :oint at which all the :ower Bevels are measure# in &ricsson 'o#eB? System 0ef (oint for 'AAA Node# is at the output of 5. (#etween 5. and .ntenna!

$7. What are the typical values for Creportin6ran6e1a5 an# Creportin6ran6e1)5? / d# and D d# respectively. $1. What will )e the impact when you chan6e Creportin6ran6e1a5 from $ to ( #B an# Ctimetotri66er1a5 177 to $27 ms1 without chan6in6 any other parameters? 0eduction in number of 'vent%a Delayed 'vent%a tri,,er 0eduction in .vera,e .ctive Set Size Delay in 'vent%a could increase D7 interference, which could lead to a drop call or increase in .vera,e (ower (er &ser (reduction in cell capacity! $2. What is A#mission ?ontrol? .dmission *ontrol is an al,orithm which controls the 0esource .llocation for a new call and additional resource allocation for an existin, call. "ncase, if a cell is heavily a loaded and enou,h resources in terms of power, codes or *'s are not available, admission control denies permission for the additional resource re1uirement. $$. What is ?on6estion ?ontrol? *on,estion *ontrol monitors the dynamic utilization of specific cell resources and insures that overload conditions do not occur. "f overload conditions do occur, *on,estion *ontrol will immediately restrict .dmission *ontrol from ,rantin, additional resources. "n addition, *on,estion *ontrol will attempt to resolve the con,estion by either down switchin,, or terminatin, existin, users. 2nce the con,estion is corrected, the con,estion resolution actions will cease, and .dmission *ontrol will be enabled.