REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION

DRK College of Engineering & Technology

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

INTRODUCTION
1.1 General Introduction:
In o!"y#$ %orl! i i$ $"i! h" & %orl! i$ $hrin'ing !"y (y !"y) I i$ !*e o he f"c h" +eo+le fro, !ifferen +"r $ of he %orl! "re "(le o co,,*nic" e %i h e"ch o her %i hin fr"c ion$ of $econ!$) All he$e "!-"n "ge$ "re +o$$i(le !*e o he "!-"n "ge$ in !igi "l co,,*nic" ion echni.*e$) Wi h he "!-en of cell*l"r echnology he *$e of ,o(ile ele+hone$ "re incre"$e! !r"$ ic"lly o-er he ye"r$) In o!"y#$ %orl! of echnologic"l "!-"nce,en $ co,,*nic" ion$ "n! con rol i$ nece$$"ry in "ny +"r of he %orl!) The no-el i!e" of hi$ +ro/ec i$ o recei-e ,e$$"ge hro*gh ,o(ile +hone$ "n! $en! i o No ice Bo"r! for !i$+l"y) Thi$ +ro/ec i$ ("$ic"lly " ,icro con roller0 ("$e! !e$ign *$e! o con rol re,o e no ice (o"r!) 123C45RD5BN i$ he"r of hi$ +ro/ec ) Here& %e *$e ,o(ile +hone$ "$ " ,e$$"ge $en!er& $en!ing ,e$$"ge$ o no ice (o"r! (y $en!ing "++ro+ri" e SMS "n! recei-ing SMS %hene-er here i$ no +ro(le,) The ,o(ile *$e! i$ GSM echnology) The 'ey $ reng h of GSM i$ i $ in ern" ion"l ro",ing c"+"(ili y gi-ing con$*,er$ " $e",le$$ $er-ice& $*+erior $+eech .*"li y& *ni-er$"l "n! in0e6+en$i-e ,o(ile +hone$& Digi "l con-enience& Ne% $er-ice$7C"ll %"i ing & C"ll for%"r!ing& SMS8) SMS i$ " GSM $er-ice (y %hich %e c"n $en! "n! recei-e !" "& o "n! fro, "no her GSM h"n!$e ) The ,e$$"ge c"n (e co,+ri$e! of %or!$ or n*,(er$ or "n "l+h" n*,eric"l co,(in" ion) The ,"in "!-"n "ge of SMS $er-ice "re i #$ "n "-"il"(le co,,*nic" ion ool ho$e %i h $+eech or he"ring !iffic*l ie$) An! if yo* ge "n SMS "n! yo* "re o* $i!e of he GSM co-er"ge "re" SMS %ill (e $ ore! "n! yo* %ill (e recei-e! i "$ $oon "$ yo* en ere! he ne %or' co-er"ge "re") Thi$ %ill "l%"y$ 'ee+ yo* "%"re of he $ec*ri y $i *" ion of yo*r ho,e9office) U$ing :" en ion co,,"n!$; 7AT Co,,"n!$8 GSM ,o!e, o+er" ion$ c"n (e con rolle!)

1.2 Objecti e o! t"e #tud$:

DRK College of Engineering & Technology 5

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

The ,"in o(/ec i-e of $elec ing hi$ +ro/ec i$ o g"in 'no%le!ge "n! e6+erience in !e-elo+ing " re"l i,e "++lic" ion) A+"r fro, hi$& o g"in he Kno%le!ge of 123C45RD5BN Micro Con roller& GSM ,o!e, "n! he %"y in %hich he$e c"n (e *$e! o recei-e ,e$$"ge$ "n! !i$+l"y on no ice (o"r!) 2<45 i$ " +o+*l"r ,icro con roller) There "re n*,(er of 2<45 "++lic" ion$) Micro con roller c"n (e +rogr",,e! o r*n only one $+ecific "++lic" ion)) I c"n (e +rogr",,e! o "cco,+li$h he $+ecific /o( f"$ er) GSM ,o!e,$ "re %i!ely *$e! in ,o(ile +hone$) The %or'ing of he ,o!e, c"n (e con rolle! (y :AT; co,,"n!$) There "re ,"ny :AT; co,,"n!$ li'e :AT=CMGR; o re"! " ,e$$"ge e c)

1.% &co'e o! literature:

Sy$ e, *$ing GSM incl*!e$ only hree "++lic" ion$) No ice Bo"r! "re connec e! o he $y$ e, /*$ con roller) In hi$ +ro/ec he $of %"re h"$ (een %ri en o $en! "n! recei-e ,e$$"ge$) When " ,e$$"ge h"$ o (e $en " co,,"n! i$ $en o he GSM ,o!e,) B* & hi$ +ro/ec %o*l! no g*"r"n ee& h" he ,e$$"ge $en %o*l! re"ch he !e$ in" ion& if GSM $er-ice !oe$ no e6i$ ) Thi$ i$ no in he $co+e of hi$ +ro/ec ) o $ho% h" & i i$ +o$$i(le o con rol -"rio*$ no ice (o"r! *$ing ,icro

1.( Re ie) o! t"e Project:

M"ny (oo'$ h"-e +ro-i!e! -"l*"(le infor," ion h" %"$ -ery *$ef*l for hi$ +ro/ec ) One $*ch (oo' "* hore! (y MD) A>I MA?IDI "n! @ANICE GI>>I1SE MA?IDI i le! :THE 2<45 MICRO CONTRO>>ER AND EMBEDED SASTEMS;)

1.* Introduction to E+,EDED &-&TE+&:

DRK College of Engineering & Technology

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

E,(e!!e! $y$ e,$ "re !e$igne! o !o $o,e $+ecific "$'& r" her h"n (e " gener"l0 +*r+o$e co,+* er for ,*l i+le "$'$) So,e "l$o h"-e re"l i,e +erfor,"nce con$ r"in $ h" ,*$ (e ,e & for re"$on $*ch "$ $"fe y "n! *$"(ili yC o her$ ,"y h"-e lo% or no +erfor,"nce re.*ire,en $& "llo%ing he $y$ e, h"r!%"re o (e $i,+lifie! o re!*ce co$ $) An e,(e!!e! $y$ e, i$ no "l%"y$ " $e+"r" e (loc' 0 -ery of en i i$ +hy$ic"lly (*il 0 in o he !e-ice i i$ con rolling) The $of %"re %ri en for e,(e!!e! $y$ e,$ i$ of en c"lle! fir,%"re& "n! i$ $ ore! in re"!0only ,e,ory or fl"$h con-ec or chi+$ r" her h"n " !i$' !ri-e) I of en r*n$ %i h li,i e! co,+* er h"r!%"re re$o*rce$D $,"ll or no 'ey(o"r!& $creen& "n! li le ,e,ory) Wirele$$ co,,*nic" ion h"$ (eco,e "n i,+or "n fe" *re for co,,erci"l +ro!*c $ "n! " +o+*l"r re$e"rch o+ic %i hin he l"$ en ye"r$) There "re no% ,ore ,o(ile +hone $*($cri+ ion$ h"n %ire!0line $*($cri+ ion$) >" ely& one "re" of co,,erci"l in ere$ h"$ (een lo%0co$ & lo%0+o%er& "n! $hor 0!i$ "nce %irele$$ co,,*nic" ion *$e! for E+er$on"l %irele$$ ne %or'$)F Technology "!-"nce,en $ "re +ro-i!ing $,"ller "n! ,ore co$ effec i-e !e-ice$ for in egr" ing co,+* " ion"l +roce$$ing& %irele$$ co,,*nic" ion& "n! " ho$ of o her f*nc ion"li ie$) The$e e,(e!!e! co,,*nic" ion$ !e-ice$ %ill (e in egr" e! in o "++lic" ion$ r"nging fro, ho,el"n! $ec*ri y o in!*$ ry "* o," ion "n! ,oni oring) They %ill "l$o en"(le c*$ o, "ilore! engineering $ol* ion$& cre" ing " re-ol* ion"ry %"y of !i$$e,in" ing "n! +roce$$ing infor," ion) Wi h ne% echnologie$ "n! !e-ice$ co,e ne% (*$ine$$ "c i-i ie$& "n! he nee! for e,+loyee$ in he$e echnologic"l "re"$) Engineer$ %ho h"-e 'no%le!ge of e,(e!!e! $y$ e,$ "n! %irele$$ co,,*nic" ion$ %ill (e in high !e,"n!) Unfor *n" ely& here "re fe% "!or"(le en-iron,en $ "-"il"(le for !e-elo+,en "n! cl"$$roo, *$e& $o $ *!en $ of en !o no le"rn "(o* he$e echnologie$ !*ring h"n!$0on l"( e6erci$e$) The co,,*nic" ion ,e!i*,$ %ere %i$ e! +"ir& o+ ic"l fi(er& infr"re!& "n! gener"lly %irele$$ r"!io)

DRK College of Engineering & Technology

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

CHAPTER 2 DE&IGN

DE&IGN

DRK College of Engineering & Technology

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

The $y$ e,$ !e$ign +roce$$ +"r i ion$ he re.*ire,en $ o ei her h"r!%"re or $of %"re $y$ e,$) I e$ "(li$he$ he o-er"ll $y$ e, "rchi ec *re) Sof %"re !e$ign in-ol-e$ he re+re$en ing he $of %"re $y$ e, f*nc ion$ in " for, h" ,"y (e r"n$for,e! in o one or ,ore e6ec* "(le +rogr",$) The !e$ign in-ol-e$ he !e$ign of h"r!%"re "$ %ell "$ $of %"re +"r re.*ire! for he +ro/ec )

2.1 ,loc. Dia/ra0: Recei er:

Tr"n$ for,er Rec ifier Reg*l" or 7J2<48 Hil er

B*KKer
B*KKer Dri-er

B*KKer OSC

MEMORA

MICRO CONTRO>>ER 123c45

MICRO CONTRO>>ER 123c45

GSM MODEM

RS 5B5

Tran#0itter:
MOBI>E >CD

Hig5)1D Bloc' Di"gr", of 1ro/ec

2.2 De#i/n Proce##:

DRK College of Engineering & Technology I

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

De#i/n Proce##

Hard)are De#i/n

&o!t)are De#i/n

Hig5)5D De$ign 1roce$$

2.% Hard)are De#i/n: 2.%.1 +icrocontroller Introduction:

1eature#: Co,+" i(le %i h MCS041L 1ro!*c $ 2K By e$ of In0Sy$ e, Re+rogr",,"(le Hl"$h Me,ory En!*r"nceD 1&<<< Wri e9Er"$e Cycle$ H*lly S " ic O+er" ionD < HK o 5G MHK Three0le-el 1rogr", Me,ory >oc' 54I 6 20(i In ern"l RAM B5 1rogr",,"(le I9O >ine$ Three 1I0(i Ti,er9Co*n er$
J

DRK College of Engineering & Technology

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

Eigh In err*+ So*rce$ 1rogr",,"(le Seri"l Ch"nnel >o%0+o%er I!le "n! 1o%er0!o%n Mo!e$

,loc. Dia/ra0:

DRK College of Engineering & Technology

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

Hig5)BD Bloc' Di"gr", of Microcon roller

De#cri'tion:

DRK College of Engineering & Technology

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

The AT23C45 i$ " lo%0+o%er& high0+erfor,"nce CMOS 20(i ,icroco,+* er %i h 2K (y e$ of Hl"$h +rogr",,"(le "n! er"$"(le re"! only ,e,ory 71EROM8) The !e-ice i$ ,"n*f"c *re! *$ing A ,el#$ high0!en$i y non-ol" ile ,e,ory echnology "n! i$ co,+" i(le %i h he in!*$ ry0$ "n!"r! 2<C41 "n! 2<C45 in$ r*c ion $e "n! +ino* )The on0chi+ Hl"$h "llo%$ he +rogr", ,e,ory o (e re+rogr",,e! in0$y$ e, or (y " con-en ion"l non-ol" ile ,e,ory +rogr",,er) By co,(ining " -er$" ile 20(i C1U %i h Hl"$h on " ,onoli hic chi+& he A ,el AT23C45 i$ " +o%erf*l ,icroco,+* er %hich +ro-i!e$ " highly0fle6i(le "n! co$ 0 effec i-e $ol* ion o ,"ny e,(e!!e! con rol "++lic" ion$) The AT23C45 +ro-i!e$ he follo%ing $ "n!"r! fe" *re$D 2K (y e$ of Hl"$h& 54I (y e$ of RAM& B5 I9O line$& hree 1I0(i i,er9co*n er$& " $i60-ec or %o0le-el in err*+ "rchi ec *re& " f*ll0!*+le6 $eri"l +or & on0chi+ o$cill" or& "n! cloc' circ*i ry) In "!!i ion& he AT23C45 i$ !e$igne! %i h $ " ic logic for o+er" ion !o%n o Kero fre.*ency "n! $*++or $ %o $of %"re $elec "(le +o%er $"-ing ,o!e$) The I!le Mo!e $ o+$ he C1U %hile "llo%ing he RAM& i,er9co*n er$& $eri"l +or & "n! in err*+ $y$ e, o con in*e f*nc ioning) The 1o%er0!o%n ,o!e $"-e$ he RAM con en $ (* freeKe$ he o$cill" or& !i$"(ling "ll o her chi+ f*nc ion$ *n il he ne6 h"r!%"re re$e ) Pin Con!i/uration:

Hig5)GD 1in Config*r" ion

Pin De#cri'tion:
DRK College of Engineering & Technology 1<

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

2CCD S*++ly -ol "ge) GNDD Gro*n!) Port 3D 1or < i$ "n 20(i o+en !r"in (i0!irec ion"l I9O +or ) A$ "n o* +* +or & e"ch +in c"n $in' eigh TT> in+* $) When 1$ "re %ri en o +or < +in$& he +in$ c"n (e *$e! "$ high i,+e!"nce in+* $) 1or < c"n "l$o (e config*re! o (e he ,*l i+le6e! lo% or!er "!!re$$9!" " (*$ !*ring "cce$$e$ o e6 ern"l +rogr", "n! !" " ,e,ory) In hi$ ,o!e& 1< h"$ in ern"l 1*ll0*+$) 1or < "l$o recei-e$ he co!e (y e$ !*ring Hl"$h +rogr",,ing "n! o* +* $ he co!e (y e$ !*ring +rogr", -erific" ion) E6 ern"l +*ll0*+$ "re re.*ire! !*ring +rogr", -erific" ion) Port 1: 1or 1 i$ "n 20(i (i0!irec ion"l I9O +or %i h in ern"l +*ll0*+$) The 1or 1 o* +* (*ffer$ c"n $in'9$o*rce fo*r TT> in+* $) When 1$ "re %ri en o 1or 1 +in$& hey "re +*lle! high (y he in ern"l +*ll0*+$ "n! c"n (e *$e! "$ in+* $) A$ in+* $& 1or 1 +in$ h" "re e6 ern"lly (eing +*lle! lo% %ill $o*rce c*rren 7II>8 (ec"*$e of he in ern"l +*ll0*+$) In "!!i ion& 11)< "n! 11)1 c"n (e config*re! o (e he i,er9co*n er 5 e6 ern"l co*n in+* 711)<9T58 "n! he i,er9co*n er 5 rigger in+* 711)19T5EM8& re$+ec i-ely& "$ $ho%n in he follo%ing "(le) 1or 1 "l$o recei-e$ he lo%0or!er "!!re$$ (y e$ !*ring Hl"$h +rogr",,ing "n! -erific" ion)

Hig 5)4D 1in De$cri+ ion

Port 2:
DRK College of Engineering & Technology 11

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

1or 5 i$ "n 20(i (i0!irec ion"l I9O +or %i h in ern"l +*ll0*+$) The 1or 5 o* +* (*ffer$ c"n $in'9$o*rce fo*r TT> in+* $) When 1$ "re %ri en o 1or 5 +in$& hey "re +*lle! high (y he in ern"l +*ll0*+$ "n! c"n (e *$e! "$ in+* $) A$ in+* $& 1or 5 +in$ h" "re e6 ern"lly (eing +*lle! lo% %ill $o*rce c*rren 7II>8 (ec"*$e of he in ern"l +*ll0*+$) 1or 5 e,i $ he high0or!er "!!re$$ (y e !*ring fe che$ fro, e6 ern"l +rogr", ,e,ory "n! !*ring "cce$$e$ o e6 ern"l !" " ,e,ory h" *$e$ 1I0(i "!!re$$e$ 7MONM O D1TR8) In hi$ "++lic" ion& 1or 5 *$e$ $ rong in ern"l +*ll0*+$ %hen e,i ing 1$) D*ring "cce$$e$ o e6 ern"l !" " ,e,ory h" *$e$ 20(i "!!re$$e$ 7MONM O RI8& 1or 5 e,i $ he con en $ of he 15 S+eci"l H*nc ion Regi$ er) 1or 5 "l$o recei-e$ he high0or!er "!!re$$ (i $ "n! $o,e con rol $ign"l$ !*ring Hl"$h +rogr",,ing "n! -erific" ion) Port %: 1or B i$ "n 20(i (i0!irec ion"l I9O +or %i h in ern"l +*ll0*+$) The 1or B o* +* (*ffer$ c"n $in'9$o*rce fo*r TT> in+* $) When 1$ "re %ri en o 1or B +in$& hey "re +*lle! high (y he in ern"l +*ll0*+$ "n! c"n (e *$e! "$ in+* $) A$ in+* $& 1or B +in$ h" "re e6 ern"lly (eing +*lle! lo% %ill $o*rce c*rren 7II>8 (ec"*$e of he +*ll0*+$) 1or B "l$o $er-e$ he f*nc ion$ of -"rio*$ $+eci"l fe" *re$ of he AT23C41& "$ $ho%n in he follo%ing "(le) 1or B "l$o recei-e$ $o,e con rol $ign"l$ for Hl"$h +rogr",,ing "n! -erific" ion)

Hig 5)ID 1in De$cri+ ion of 1or B

R&T:
DRK College of Engineering & Technology 15

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

Re$e in+* ) A high on hi$ +in for %o ,"chine cycle$ %hile he o$cill" or i$ r*nning re$e $ he De-ice) A4E5PROG: A!!re$$ >" ch En"(le i$ "n o* +* +*l$e for l" ching he lo% (y e of he "!!re$$ !*ring "cce$$e$ o e6 ern"l ,e,ory) Thi$ +in i$ "l$o he +rogr", +*l$e in+* 71ROG8 !*ring Hl"$h +rogr",,ing) In nor,"l o+er" ion& A>E i$ e,i e! " " con$ "n r" e of 19I he o$cill" or fre.*ency "n! ,"y (e *$e! for e6 ern"l i,ing or cloc'ing +*r+o$e$) No e& ho%e-er& h" one A>E +*l$e i$ $'i++e! !*ring e"ch "cce$$ o e6 ern"l !" " ,e,ory) If !e$ire!& A>E o+er" ion c"n (e !i$"(le! (y $e ing (i < of SHR loc" ion 2EH) Wi h he (i $e & A>E i$ "c i-e only !*ring " MONM or MONC in$ r*c ion) O her%i$e& he +in i$ %e"'ly +*lle! high) Se ing he A>E0!i$"(le (i h"$ no effec if he ,icrocon roller i$ in e6 ern"l e6ec* ion ,o!e) P&EN: 1rogr", S ore En"(le i$ he re"! $ ro(e o e6 ern"l +rogr", ,e,ory) When he AT23C45 i$ e6ec* ing co!e fro, e6 ern"l +rogr", ,e,ory& 1SEN i$ "c i-" e! %ice e"ch ,"chine cycle& e6ce+ h" %o 1SEN "c i-" ion$ "re $'i++e! !*ring e"ch "cce$$ o e6 ern"l !" " ,e,ory) EA52PP: E6 ern"l Acce$$ En"(le) EA ,*$ (e $ r"++e! o GND in or!er o en"(le he !e-ice o fe ch co!e fro, e6 ern"l +rogr", ,e,ory loc" ion$ $ "r ing " <<<<H *+ o HHHHH) No e& ho%e-er& h" if loc' (i 1 i$ +rogr",,e!& EA %ill (e in ern"lly l" che! on re$e ) EA $ho*l! (e $ r"++e! o NCC for in ern"l +rogr", e6ec* ion$) Thi$ +in "l$o recei-e$ he 150-ol +rogr",,ing en"(le -ol "ge 7N118 !*ring Hl"$h +rogr",,ing %hen 150-ol +rogr",,ing i$ $elec e!) 6TA41: In+* o he in-er ing o$cill" or ",+lifier "n! in+* o he in ern"l cloc' o+er" ing circ*i ) 6TA42: O* +* fro, he in-er ing o$cill" or ",+lifier O#cillator C"aracteri#tic#:
DRK College of Engineering & Technology 1B

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

MTA>1 "n! MTA>5 "re he in+* "n! o* +* & re$+ec i-ely& of "n in-er ing ",+lifier h" c"n (e config*re! for *$e "$ "n on0chi+ o$cill" or& "$ $ho%n in Hig*re 1) Ei her " .*"r K cry$ "l or cer",ic re$on" or ,"y (e *$e!) To !ri-e he !e-ice fro, "n E6 ern"l cloc' $o*rce& MTA>5 $ho*l! (e lef *nconnec e! %hile MTA>1 i$ !ri-en& "$ $ho%n in Hig*re 5)

Hig5)JD O$cill" or Connec ion$

&'ecial 1unction re/i#ter#: S+eci"l f*nc ion regi$ er$ "re he "re"$ of ,e,ory h" con rol $+ecific f*nc ion"li y of he 2<45 ,icro con roller) a7 Accu0ulator 83E3"7: A$ i $ n",e $*gge$ $& i i$ *$e! o "cc*,*l" e he re$*l $ of l"rge no of in$ r*c ion$) I c"n hol! 2 (i -"l*e$) b7 , re/i#ter# 8313"7: The B regi$ er i$ -ery $i,il"r o "cc*,*l" or) I ,"y hol! 20(i -"l*e) The ( regi$ er i$ only *$e! (y MU> AB "n! DIN AB in$ r*c ion$) In MU> AB he higher (y e of he +ro!*c ge $ $ ore! in B regi$ er) In !i- AB he .*o ien ge $ $ ore! in B %i h he re,"in!er in A) c7 &tac. 'ointer 891"7: The $ "c' +oin er hol!$ 20(i -"l*e) Thi$ i$ *$e! o in!ic" e %here he ne6 -"l*e o (e re,o-e! fro, he $ "c' $ho*l! (e "'en fro,) When " -"l*e i$ o (e +*$he! on o he

DRK College of Engineering & Technology

1G

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

$ "c'& he 2<45 fir$ $ ore he -"l*e of S1 "n! hen $ ore he -"l*e " he re$*l ing ,e,ory loc" ion) When " -"l*e i$ o (e +o++e! fro, he $ "c'& he 2<45 re *rn$ he -"l*e fro, he ,e,ory loc" ion in!ic" e! (y S1 "n! hen !ecre,en $ he -"l*e of S1) d7 Data 'ointer: The SHR$ D1> "n! D1H %or' oge her %or' oge her o re+re$en " 1I0(i -"l*e c"lle! he !" " +oin er) The !" " +oin er i$ *$e! in o+er" ion$ reg"r!ing e6 ern"l RAM "n! $o,e in$ r*c ion$ co!e ,e,ory) I i$ " 1I0(i SHR "n! "l$o "n "!!re$$"(le SHR) e7 Pro/ra0 counter: The +rogr", co*n er i$ " 1I (i regi$ er& %hich con "in$ he 5 (y e "!!re$$& %hich ell$ he 2<45 %here he ne6 in$ r*c ion o e6ec* e o (e fo*n! in ,e,ory) When he 2<45 i$ ini i"liKe! 1C $ "r $ " <<<<h) An! i$ incre,en e! e"ch i,e "n in$ r*c ion i$ e6ec* e$) I i$ no "!!re$$"(le SHR) !7 PCON 8'o)er control: 9;"7: The +o%er con rol SHR i$ *$e! o con rol he 2<45#$ +o%er con rol ,o!e$) Cer "in o+er" ion ,o!e$ of he 2<45 "llo% he 2<45 o go in o " y+e of :$lee+ ,o!e ; %hich con$*,e ,*ch lee +o%er)

/7 TCON 8ti0er control: 99"7: The i,er con rol SHR i$ *$e! o config*re "n! ,o!ify he %"y in %hich he 2<45#$ %o i,er$ o+er" e) Thi$ SHR con rol$ %he her e"ch of he %o i,er$ i$ r*nning or $ o++e! "n! con "in$ " fl"g o in!ic" e h" e"ch i,er h"$ o-erflo%e!) A!!i ion"lly& $o,e non0 i,er rel" e! (i $ "re loc" e! in TCON SHR) The$e (i $ "re *$e! o config*re he %"y in %hich he e6 ern"l in err*+ fl"g$ "re "c i-" e!& %hich "re $e %hen "n e6 ern"l in err*+ occ*r$)

"7 T+OD 8Ti0er +ode: 9<"7: The i,er ,o!e SHR i$ *$e! o config*re he ,o!e of o+er" ion of e"ch of he %o i,er$) U$ing hi$ SHR yo*r +rogr", ,"y config*re e"ch i,er o (e " 1I0(i i,er& or 1B (i
DRK College of Engineering & Technology 14

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

i,er& 20(i "* o relo"! i,er& or %o $e+"r" e i,er$) A!!i ion"lly yo* ,"y config*re he i,er$ o only co*n %hen "n e6 ern"l +in i$ "c i-" e! or o co*n :e-en $; h" "re in!ic" e! on "n e6 ern"l +in)

i7 TO 8Ti0er 3 lo)5"i/": addre## 9A59C "7: The$e %o SHR$ "'en oge her re+re$en i,er <) Their e6"c (eh"-ior !e+en!$ on ho% he i,er i$ config*re! in he TMOD SHRC ho%e-er& he$e i,er$ "l%"y$ co*n *+) Wh" i$ config*r"(le i$ ho% "n! %hen hey incre,en in -"l*e) j7 T1 8Ti0er 1 4o)5Hi/": addre## 9,5 9D "7: The$e %o SHR$& "'en oge her& re+re$en i,er 1) Their e6"c (eh"-ior !e+en!$ on ho% he i,er i$ config*re! in he TMOD SHR) Ho%e-er& he$e i,er$ "l%"y$ co*n *+) .7 P3 8Port 3: addre## <3": bit addre##able7: Thi$ i$ +or < l" ch) E"ch (i of hi$ SHR corre$+on!$ o one of he +in$ on " ,icro con roller) Any !" " o (e o* +* e! o +or < i$ fir$ %ri en on 1< regi$ er) Hor e)g)& (i < of +or < i$ +in 1<)<& (i J i$ +in +<)J) Wri ing " -"l*e of 1 o " (i of hi$ SHR %ill $en! " high le-el on he corre$+on!ing I9O +in %here"$ " -"l*e of < %ill (ring i o lo% le-el) l7 P1 8'ort 1: addre## <3": bit addre##able7: Thi$ i$ +or l" ch1) E"ch (i of hi$ SHR corre$+on!$ o one of he +in$ on " ,icro con roller) Any !" " o (e o* +* e! o +or < i$ fir$ %ri en on 1< regi$ er) Hor e)g)& (i < of +or < i$ +in 11)<& (i J i$ +in 11)J) Wri ing " -"l*e of 1 o " (i of hi$ SHR %ill $en! " high le-el on he corre$+on!ing I9O +in %here"$ " -"l*e of < %ill (ring i o lo% le-el) 07 P2 8'ort 2: addre## 3A3": bit addre##able7: Thi$ i$ " +or l" ch5) E"ch (i of hi$ SHR corre$+on!$ o one of he +in$ on " ,icro con roller) Any !" " o (e o* +* e! o +or < i$ fir$ %ri en on 1< regi$ er) Hor e)g)& (i < of +or < i$ +in 15)<& (i J i$ +in 15)J) Wri ing " -"l*e of 1 o " (i of hi$ SHR %ill $en! " high le-el on he corre$+on!ing I9O +in %here"$ " -"l*e of < %ill (ring i o lo% le-el)
DRK College of Engineering & Technology 1I

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

n7 P% 8'ort %: addre## ,3": bit addre##able7: Thi$ i$ " +or l" chB) E"ch (i of hi$ SHR corre$+on!$ o one of he +in$ on " ,icro con roller) Any !" " o (e o* +* e! o +or < i$ fir$ %ri en on 1< regi$ er) Hor e)g)& (i < of +or < i$ +in 1B)<& (i J i$ +in 1B)J) Wri ing " -"l*e of 1 o " (i of hi$ SHR %ill $en! " high le-el on he corre$+on!ing I9O +in %here"$ " -"l*e of < %ill (ring i o lo% le-el o7 IE 8Interru't Enable: 3A9"7: The In err*+ En"(le SHR i$ *$e! o en"(le "n! !i$"(le $+ecific in err*+ $) The lo% J (i $ of he SHR "re *$e! o en"(le9!i$"(le he $+ecific in err*+ $& %here he MSB (i i$ *$e! o en"(le or !i$"(le "ll he in err*+ $) Th*$& if he high (i of IE i$ < "ll in err*+ $ "re !i$"(le! reg"r!le$$ of %he her "n in!i-i!*"l in err*+ i$ en"(le! (y $e ing " lo%er (i )

'7 IP 8Interru't Priorit$: 3,9"7: The in err*+ +riori y SHR i$ *$e! o $+ecify he rel" i-e +riori y of e"ch in err*+ ) On 2<45& "n in err*+ ,"y(e ei her lo% or high +riori y) An in err*+ ,"y in err*+ in err*+ $) Hor e)g)& if %e config*re "ll in err*+ $ "$ lo% +riori y o her h"n $eri"l in err*+ ) The $eri"l in err*+ "l%"y$ in err*+ $ he $y$ e,& e-en if "no her in err*+ i$ c*rren ly e6ec* ing) Ho%e-er& if " $eri"l in err*+ i$ e6ec* ing no o her in err*+ %ill (e "(le o in err*+ he $eri"l in err*+ ro* ine $ince he $eri"l in err*+ ro* ine h"$ he highe$ +riori y) =7 P&> &tatu# 3D3"7: The +rogr", S " *$ Wor! i$ *$e! o $ ore " n*,(er of i,+or "n (i $ h" "re $e "n! cle"re! (y 2<45 in$ r*c ion$) The 1SW SHR con "in$ he c"rry fl"g& he "*6ili"ry c"rry fl"g&
DRK College of Engineering & Technology 1J

8Pro/ra0 >ord:

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

he +"ri y fl"g "n! he o-erflo% fl"g) A!!i ion"lly& i "l$o con "in$ he regi$ er ("n' $elec fl"g$& %hich "re *$e! o $elec & %hich of he :R; regi$ er ("n'$ c*rren ly in *$e)

r7 &,U1 8&erial ,u!!er: <<"7: SBUH i$ *$e! o hol! !" " in $eri"l co,,*nic" ion) I i$ +hy$ic"lly %o regi$ er$) One i$ %ri ing only "n! i$ *$e! o hol! !" " o (e r"n$,i e! o* of 2<45 -i" TMD) The o her i$ re"! only "n! hol!$ recei-e! !" " fro, e6 ern"l $o*rce$ -i" RMD) Bo h ,* *"lly e6cl*$i-e regi$ er$ *$e "!!re$$ 33h)

DRK College of Engineering & Technology

12

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS Hig 5)2D AT23C45 SHR M"+ "n! Re$e N"l*e$

A ,"+ of he on0chi+ ,e,ory "re" c"lle! he S+eci"l H*nc ion Regi$ er 7SHR8 $+"ce i$ $ho%n in "(o-e T"(le 1) No e h" no "ll of he "!!re$$e$ "re occ*+ie!& "n! *nocc*+ie! "!!re$$e$ ,"y no (e i,+le,en e! on he chi+) Re"! "cce$$e$ o he$e "!!re$$e$ %ill in gener"l re *rn r"n!o, !" "& "n! %ri e "cce$$e$ %ill h"-e "n in!e er,in" e effec ) U$er $of %"re $ho*l! no %ri e 1$ o he$e *nli$ e! loc" ion$& $ince hey ,"y (e *$e! in f* *re +ro!*c $ o in-o'e ne% fe" *re$) In h" c"$e& he re$e or in"c i-e -"l*e$ of he ne% (i $ %ill "l%"y$ (e <) Ti0er 2 Re/i#ter# Con rol "n! $ " *$ (i $ "re con "ine! in regi$ er$ T5CON 7$ho%n in T"(le 58 "n! T5MOD 7$ho%n in T"(le G8 for Ti,er 5) The regi$ er +"ir 7RCA15H& RCA15>8 i$ he C"+ *re9Relo"! regi$ er$ for Ti,er 5 in 1I0(i c"+ *re ,o!e or 1I0(i "* o0 relo"! ,o!e) Interru't Re/i#ter# The in!i-i!*"l in err*+ en"(le (i $ "re in he IE regi$ er) T%o +riori ie$ c"n (e $e for e"ch of he $i6 in err*+ $o*rce$ in he I1 regi$ er)

DRK College of Engineering & Technology

13

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

Hig 5)3D TCON

Data +e0or$: The AT23C45 i,+le,en $ 54I (y e$ of on0chi+ RAM) The *++er 152 (y e$ occ*+y " +"r"llel "!!re$$ $+"ce o he S+eci"l H*nc ion Regi$ er$) Th" ,e"n$ he *++er 152 (y e$ h"-e he $",e "!!re$$e$ "$ he SHR $+"ce (* "re +hy$ic"lly $e+"r" e fro, SHR $+"ce) When "n in$ r*c ion "cce$$e$ "n in ern"l loc" ion "(o-e "!!re$$ JHH& he "!!re$$ ,o!e *$e! in he in$ r*c ion $+ecifie$ %he her he C1U "cce$$e$ he *++er 152 (y e$ of RAM or he SHR $+"ce) In$ r*c ion$ h" *$e !irec "!!re$$ing "cce$$ SHR $+"ce) Hor e6",+le& he follo%ing !irec "!!re$$ing in$ r*c ion "cce$$e$ he SHR " loc" ion <A<H 7%hich i$ 158) MON <A<H& P!" " In$ r*c ion$ h" *$e in!irec "!!re$$ing "cce$$ he *++er 152 (y e$ of RAM) Hor e6",+le& he follo%ing in!irec "!!re$$ing in$ r*c ion& %here R< con "in$ <A<H& "cce$$e$ he !" " (y e " "!!re$$ <A<H& r" her h"n 15 7%ho$e "!!re$$ i$ <A<H8) MON OR<& P!" " No e h" $ "c' o+er" ion$ "re e6",+le$ of in!irec "!!re$$ing& $o he *++er 152 (y e$ of !" " RAM "re "-"il"(le "$ $ "c' $+"ce) Ti0er#: In or!er o *n!er$ "n!00"n! (e er ,"'e *$e of00 he 2<45& i i$ nece$$"ry o *n!er$ "n! $o,e *n!erlying infor," ion concerning i,ing) The 2<45 o+er" e$ ("$e! on "n e6 ern"l
DRK College of Engineering & Technology 5<

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

cry$ "l) Thi$ i$ "n elec ric"l !e-ice %hich& %hen energy i$ "++lie!& e,i $ +*l$e$ " " fi6e! fre.*ency) One c"n fin! cry$ "l$ of -ir *"lly "ny fre.*ency !e+en!ing on he "++lic" ion re.*ire,en $) When *$ing "n 2<45& he ,o$ co,,on cry$ "l fre.*encie$ "re 15 ,eg"her K "n! 11)<43 ,eg"her K00%i h 11)<43 (eing ,*ch ,ore co,,on) Why %o*l! "nyone +ic' $*ch "n o!!0 ("ll fre.*encyQ There#$ " re"l re"$on for i 00i h"$ o !o %i h gener" ing ("*! r" e$ "n! %e#ll "l' ,ore "(o* i in he Seri"l Co,,*nic" ion ch"+ er) Hor he re,"in!er of hi$ !i$c*$$ion %e#ll "$$*,e h" %e#re *$ing "n 11)<43 MHK cry$ "l) Microcon roller$ 7"n! ,"ny o her elec ric"l $y$ e,$8 *$e cry$ "l$ o $ynchroniKe o+er" ion$) The 2<45 *$e$ he cry$ "l for +reci$ely h" D o $ynchroniKe i $ o+er" ion) Effec i-ely& he 2<45 o+er" e$ *$ing %h" "re c"lle! F,"chine cycle$)F A $ingle ,"chine cycle i$ he ,ini,*, ",o*n of i,e in %hich " $ingle 2<45 in$ r*c ion c"n (e e6ec* e!) Al ho*gh ,"ny in$ r*c ion$ "'e ,*l i+le cycle$) A cycle i$& in re"li y& 15 +*l$e$ of he cry$ "l) Th" i$ o $"y& if "n in$ r*c ion "'e$ one ,"chine cycle o e6ec* e& i %ill "'e 15 +*l$e$ of he cry$ "l o e6ec* e) Since %e 'no% he cry$ "l i$ +*l$ing 11&<43&<<< i,e$ +er $econ! "n! h" one ,"chine cycle i$ 15 +*l$e$& %e c"n c"lc*l" e ho% ,"ny in$ r*c ion cycle$ he 2<45 c"n e6ec* e +er $econ!D 11&<43&<<< 9 15 R 351&42B Thi$ ,e"n$ h" he 2<45 c"n e6ec* e 351&42B $ingle0cycle in$ r*c ion$ +er $econ!) Since " l"rge n*,(er of 2<45 in$ r*c ion$ "re $ingle0cycle in$ r*c ion$ i i$ of en con$i!ere! h" he 2<45 c"n e6ec* e ro*ghly 1 ,illion in$ r*c ion$ +er $econ!& "l ho*gh in re"li y i i$ le$$00"n!& !e+en!ing on he in$ r*c ion$ (eing *$e!& "n e$ i," e of "(o* I<<&<<< in$ r*c ion$ +er $econ! i$ ,ore re"li$ ic) The 2<45 co,e$ e.*i++e! %i h %o i,er$& (o h of %hich ,"y (e con rolle!& $e & re"!& "n! config*re! in!i-i!*"lly) The 2<45 i,er$ h"-e hree gener"l f*nc ion$D 18 Kee+ing i,e "n!9or c"lc*l" ing he ",o*n of i,e (e %een e-en $& 58 Co*n ing he e-en $ he,$el-e$& or B8 Gener" ing ("*! r" e$ for he $eri"l +or ) The hree i,er *$e$ "re !i$ inc $o %e %ill "l' "(o* e"ch of he, $e+"r" ely) The fir$ %o *$e$ %ill (e !i$c*$$e! in hi$ ch"+ er %hile he *$e of i,er$ for ("*! r" e gener" ion %ill (e !i$c*$$e! in he ch"+ er rel" ing o $eri"l +or $)
DRK College of Engineering & Technology 51

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

Ho) doe# a ti0er count? A i,er "l%"y$ co*n $ *+) I !oe$n# ," er %he her he i,er i$ (eing *$e! "$ " i,er& " co*n er& or " ("*! r" e gener" orD A i,er i$ "l%"y$ incre,en e! (y he ,icrocon roller) Ti0er &1R#: A$ ,en ione! (efore& he 2<45 h"$ %o i,er$ %hich e"ch f*nc ion e$$en i"lly he $",e %"y) One i,er i$ TIMER< "n! he o her i$ TIMER1) The %o i,er$ $h"re %o SHR$ 7TMOD "n! TCON8 %hich con rol he i,er$& "n! e"ch i,er "l$o h"$ %o SHR$ !e!ic" e! $olely o i $elf 7TH<9T>< "n! TH19T>18) We#-e gi-en SHR$ n",e$ o ,"'e i e"$ier o refer o he,& (* in re"li y "n SHR h"$ " n*,eric "!!re$$) I i$ of en *$ef*l o 'no% he n*,eric "!!re$$ h" corre$+on!$ o "n SHR n",e)

The SHR$ rel" ing o i,er$ "reD

Hig 5)1<D SHR

When yo* en er he n",e of "n SHR in o "n "$$e,(ler& i in ern"lly con-er $ i o " n*,(er) Hor e6",+le& he co,,"n!D MON TH<& P54h Mo-e$ he -"l*e 54h in o he TH< SHR) Ho%e-er& $ince TH< i$ he $",e "$ SHR "!!re$$ 2Ch hi$ co,,"n! i$ e.*i-"len oD MON 2Ch& P54h No%& ("c' o he i,er$) Ti,er < h"$ %o SHR$ !e!ic" e! e6cl*$i-ely o i $elfD TH< "n! T><) Wi ho* ,"'ing hing$ oo co,+lic" e! o $ "r off %i h& yo* ,"y /*$ hin' of hi$
DRK College of Engineering & Technology 55

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

"$ he high "n! lo% (y e of he i,er) Th" i$ o $"y& %hen Ti,er < h"$ " -"l*e of <& (o h TH< "n! T>< %ill con "in <) When Ti,er < h"$ he -"l*e 1<<<& TH< %ill hol! he high (y e of he -"l*e 7B !eci,"l8 "n! T>< %ill con "in he lo% (y e of he -"l*e 75B5 !eci,"l8) Re-ie%ing lo%9high (y e no " ion& rec"ll h" yo* ,*$ ,*l i+ly he high (y e (y 54I "n! "!! he lo% (y e o c"lc*l" e he fin"l -"l*e) Th" i$ o $"yD TH< S 54I = T>< R 1<<< B S 54I = 5B5 R 1<<< Ti,er 1 %or'$ he e6"c $",e %"y& (* i $ SHR$ "re TH1 "n! T>1) Since here "re only %o (y e$ !e-o e! o he -"l*e of e"ch i,er i i$ "++"ren h" he ,"6i,*, -"l*e " i,er ,"y h"-e i$ I4&4B4) If " i,er con "in$ he -"l*e I4&4B4 "n! i$ $*($e.*en ly incre,en e!& i %ill re$e Tor o-erflo%00("c' o <) T"e T+OD &1R: >e #$ fir$ "l' "(o* o*r fir$ con rol SHRD TMOD 7Ti,er Mo!e8) The TMOD SHR i$ *$e! o con rol he ,o!e of o+er" ion of (o h i,er$) E"ch (i of he SHR gi-e$ he ,icrocon roller $+ecific infor," ion concerning ho% o r*n " i,er) The high fo*r (i $ 7(i $

G hro*gh J8 rel" e o Ti,er 1 %here"$ he lo% fo*r (i $ 7(i $ < hro*gh B8 +erfor, he e6"c $",e f*nc ion$& (* for i,er <) The in!i-i!*"l (i $ of TMOD h"-e he follo%ing f*nc ion$D

DRK College of Engineering & Technology

5B

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS Hig 5)11D TMOD

A$ yo* c"n $ee in he "(o-e ch"r & fo*r (i $ 7 %o for e"ch i,er8 "re *$e! o $+ecify " ,o!e of o+er" ion) The ,o!e$ of o+er" ion "reD

Hig 5)15D Mo!e O+er" ion

Ti,er ,o!e F<F i$ " 1B0(i i,er) Thi$ i$ " relic h" %"$ 'e+ "ro*n! in he 2<45 o ,"in "in co,+" i(ili y %i h i $ +re!ece$$or&2<G2) Gener"lly he 1B0(i i,er ,o!e i$ no *$e! in ne% !e-elo+,en ) When he i,er i$ in 1B0(i ,o!e& T>6 %ill co*n fro, < o B1) When T>6 i$ incre,en e! fro, B1& i %ill Fre$e F o < "n! incre,en TH6) Th*$& effec i-ely& only 1B (i $ of he %o i,er (y e$ "re (eing *$e!D (i $ <0G of T>6 "n! (i $ <0J of TH6) Thi$ "l$o ,e"n$& in e$$ence& he i,er c"n only con "in 2135 -"l*e$) If yo* $e " 1B0(i i,er o <& I %ill o-erflo% ("c' o Kero 2135 ,"chine cycle$ l" er)

1@Abit Ti0e +ode 80ode 17: Ti,er ,o!e F1F i$ " 1I0(i i,er) Thi$ i$ " -ery co,,only *$e! ,o!e) I f*nc ion$ /*$ li'e 1B0(i ,o!e e6ce+ h" "ll 1I (i $ "re *$e!) T>6 i$ incre,en e! fro, < o 544) When T>6 i$ incre,en e! fro, 544& i re$e $ o < "n! c"*$e$ TH6 o (e incre,en e! (y 1) Since hi$ i$ " f*ll 1I0 (i i,er& he i,er ,"y con "in *+ o I44BI !i$ inc -"l*e$) If yo* $e " 1I0(i i,er o <& i %ill o-erflo% ("c' o < "f er I4&4BI ,"chine cycle$) 9Abit Ti0e +ode 80ode 27: Ti,er ,o!e F5F i$ "n 20(i "* o0relo"! ,o!e) Wh" i$ h" & yo* ,"y "$'Q Si,+le) When " i,er i$ in ,o!e 5& TH6 hol!$ he Frelo"! -"l*eF "n! T>6 i$ he i,er i $elf) Th*$& T>6 $ "r $ co*n ing *+) When T>6 re"che$ 544 "n! i$ $*($e.*en ly incre,en e!& in$ e"! of re$e ing o < 7"$ in he c"$e of ,o!e$ < "n! 18& i %ill (e re$e o he -"l*e $ ore! in TH6) Hor e6",+le& le #$ $"y TH< hol!$ he -"l*e HDh "n! T>< hol!$ he -"l*e HEh) If %e %ere o %" ch he -"l*e$ of TH< "n! T>< for " fe% ,"chine cycle$ hi$ i$ %h" %e#! $eeD
DRK College of Engineering & Technology 5G

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

Hig 5)1BD Ti,e Mo!e

A$ yo* c"n $ee& he -"l*e of TH< ne-er ch"nge!) In f"c & %hen yo* *$e ,o!e 5 yo* "l,o$ "l%"y$ $e TH6 o " 'no%n -"l*e "n! T>6 i$ he SHR h" i$ con$ "n ly incre,en e!) Wh" #$ he (enefi of "* o0relo"! ,o!eQ 1erh"+$ yo* %"n he i,er o "l%"y$ h"-e " -"l*e fro, 5<< o 544) If yo* *$e ,o!e < or 1& yo*#! h"-e o chec' in co!e o $ee if he i,er h"! o-erflo%e! "n!& if $o& re$e he i,er o 5<<) Thi$ "'e$ +recio*$ in$ r*c ion$ of e6ec* ion i,e o chec' he -"l*e "n!9or o relo"! i ) When yo* *$e ,o!e 5 he ,icrocon roller "'e$ c"re of hi$ for yo*) Once yo*#-e config*re! " i,er in ,o!e 5 yo* !on# h"-e o %orry "(o* chec'ing o $ee if he i,er h"$ o-erflo%e! nor !o yo* h"-e o %orry "(o* re$e ing he -"l*e00 he ,icrocon roller h"r!%"re %ill !o i "ll for yo*) The "* o0relo"! ,o!e i$ -ery

co,,only *$e! for e$ "(li$hing " ("*! r" e %hich %e %ill "l' ,ore "(o* in he Seri"l Co,,*nic" ion$ ch"+ er) &'lit Ti0er +ode 80ode %7: Ti,er ,o!e FBF i$ " $+li 0 i,er ,o!e) When Ti,er < i$ +l"ce! in ,o!e B& i e$$en i"lly (eco,e$ %o $e+"r" e 20(i i,er$) Th" i$ o $"y& Ti,er < i$ T>< "n! Ti,er 1 i$ TH<) Bo h i,er$ co*n fro, < o 544 "n! o-erflo% ("c' o <) All he (i $ h" "re rel" e! o Ti,er 1 %ill no% (e ie! o TH<) While Ti,er < i$ in $+li ,o!e& he re"l Ti,er 1 7i)e) TH1 "n! T>18 c"n (e +* in o ,o!e$ <& 1 or 5 nor,"lly00ho%e-er& yo* ,"y no $ "r or $ o+ he re"l i,er 1 $ince he (i $ h" !o h" "re no% lin'e! o TH<) The re"l i,er 1& in hi$ c"$e& %ill (e incre,en e! e-ery ,"chine cycle no ," er %h" ) The only re"l *$e I c"n $ee of *$ing $+li i,er ,o!e i$ if yo* nee! o h"-e %o $e+"r" e i,er$ "n!& "!!i ion"lly& " ("*! r" e gener" or) In $*ch c"$e yo* c"n *$e he re"l Ti,er 1 "$ " ("*! r" e gener" or "n! *$e TH<9T>< "$ %o $e+"r" e i,er$)
DRK College of Engineering & Technology 54

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

T"e TCON &1R: Hin"lly& here#$ one ,ore SHR h" con rol$ he %o i,er$ "n! +ro-i!e$ -"l*"(le infor," ion "(o* he,) The TCON SHR h"$ he follo%ing $ r*c *re $ho%n (elo%) Hro, $ r*c *re yo* ,"y no ice& %e#-e only !efine! G of he 2 (i $) Th" #$ (ec"*$e he o her G (i $ of he SHR !on# h"-e "ny hing o !o %i h i,er$T hey h"-e o !o %i h In err*+ $ "n! hey %ill (e !i$c*$$e! in he ch"+ er h" "!!re$$e$ in err*+ $)

Hig5)1GD TCON SHR

A ne% +iece of infor," ion in hi$ ch"r i$ he col*,n F(i "!!re$$)F Thi$ i$ (ec"*$e hi$ SHR i$ F(i 0"!!re$$"(le)F Wh" !oe$ hi$ ,e"nQ I ,e"n$ if yo* %"n o $e he (i TH100 %hich i$ he highe$ (i of TCON00yo* co*l! e6ec* e he co,,"n!D MON TCON& P2<h or& $ince he SHR i$ (i 0"!!re$$"(le& yo* co*l! /*$ e6ec* e he co,,"n!D SETB TH1 Thi$ h"$ he (enefi of $e ing he high (i of TCON %i ho* ch"nging he -"l*e of "ny of he o her (i $ of he SHR) U$*"lly %hen yo* $ "r or $ o+ " i,er yo* !on# %"n o ,o!ify he o her -"l*e$ in TCON& $o yo* "'e "!-"n "ge of he f"c h" he SHR i$ (i 0"!!re$$"(le) Ti0er 2: Ti,er 5 i$ " 1I0(i Ti,er9Co*n er h" c"n o+er" e "$ ei her " i,er or "n e-en co*n er) The y+e of o+er" ion i$ $elec e! (y (i C9T5 in he SHR T5CON 7$ho%n in T"(le 58) Ti,er 5 h"$ hree o+er" ing ,o!e$D c"+ *re& "* o0relo"! 7*+ or !o%n co*n ing8& "n! ("*! r" e gener" or) The ,o!e$ "re $elec e! (y (i $ in T5CON& "$ $ho%n in T"(le B) Ti,er 5 con$i$ $ of %o 20(i regi$ er$& TH5 "n! T>5) In he Ti,er f*nc ion& he T>5 regi$ er i$ incre,en e! e-ery ,"chine cycle) Since " ,"chine cycle con$i$ $ of 15 o$cill" or +erio!$& he co*n r" e i$ 1915 of he o$cill" or fre.*ency)
DRK College of Engineering & Technology 5I

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

Hig 5)14D Ti,er 5 O+er" ing Mo!e$

In he Co*n er f*nc ion& he regi$ er i$ incre,en e! in re$+on$e o " 10 o0< r"n$i ion " i $ corre$+on!ing e6 ern"l in+* +in& T5) In hi$ f*nc ion& he e6 ern"l in+* i$ $",+le! !*ring S415 of e-ery ,"chine cycle) When he $",+le$ $ho% " high in one cycle "n! " lo% in he ne6 cycle& he co*n i$ incre,en e!) The ne% co*n -"l*e "++e"r$ in he regi$ er !*ring SB11 of he cycle follo%ing he one in %hich he r"n$i ion %"$ !e ec e!) Since %o ,"chine cycle$ 75G o$cill" or +erio!$8 "re re.*ire! o recogniKe " 10 o0< r"n$i ion& he ,"6i,*, co*n r" e i$ 195G of he o$cill" or fre.*ency) To en$*re h" " gi-en le-el i$ $",+le! " le"$ once (efore i ch"nge$& he le-el $ho*l! (e hel! for " le"$ one f*ll ,"chine cycle)

InitialiBin/ a Ti0er: No% h" %e#-e !i$c*$$e! he i,er rel" e! SHR$ %e "re re"!y o %ri e co!e h" %ill ini i"liKe he i,er "n! $ "r i r*nning) A$ yo*#ll rec"ll& %e fir$ ,*$ !eci!e %h" ,o!e %e "n he i,er o (e in) In hi$ c"$e %e %"n " 1I0(i i,er h" r*n$ con in*o*$lyC h" i$ o $"y& i i$ no !e+en!en on "ny e6 ern"l +in$) We ,*$ fir$ ini i"liKe he TMOD SHR) Since %e "re %or'ing %i h i,er < %e %ill (e *$ing he lo%e$ G (i $ of TMOD) The fir$ %o (i $& GATE< "n! C9T< "re (o h < $ince %e %"n he i,er o (e in!e+en!en of he e6 ern"l +in$) 1I0(i ,o!e i$ i,er ,o!e 1 $o %e ,*$ cle"r T<M1 "n! $e T<M<) Effec i-ely& he only (i %e %"n o *rn on i$ (i < of TMOD) Th*$ o ini i"liKe he i,er %e e6ec* e he in$ r*c ionD MON TMOD& P<1h Ti,er < i$ no% in 1I0(i i,er ,o!e) Ho%e-er& he i,er i$ no r*nning) To $ "r he i,er r*nning %e ,*$ $e he TR< (i We c"n !o h" (y e6ec* ing he in$ r*c ionD SETB TR< U+on e6ec* ing he$e %o in$ r*c ion$ i,er < %ill i,,e!i" ely (egin co*n ing& (eing incre,en e! once e-ery ,"chine cycle 7e-ery 15 cry$ "l +*l$e$8)
DRK College of Engineering & Technology 5J

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

Readin/ t"e Ti0er: There "re %o co,,on %"y$ of re"!ing he -"l*e of " 1I0(i i,erC %hich yo* *$e !e+en!$ on yo*r $+ecific "++lic" ion) Ao* ,"y ei her re"! he "c *"l -"l*e of he i,er "$ " 1I0(i n*,(er& or yo* ,"y $i,+ly !e ec %hen he i,er h"$ o-erflo%e!) Readin/ t"e alue o! a Ti0er: If yo*r i,er i$ in "n 20(i ,o!e00 h" i$& ei her 20(i A* o Relo"! ,o!e or in $+li i,er ,o!e00 hen re"!ing he -"l*e of he i,er i$ $i,+le) Ao* $i,+ly re"! he 10(y e -"l*e of he i,er "n! yo*#re !one) Ho%e-er& if yo*#re !e"ling %i h " 1B0(i or 1I0(i i,er he chore i$ " li le ,ore co,+lic" e!) Con$i!er %h" %o*l! h"++en if yo* re"! he lo% (y e of he i,er "$ 544& hen re"! he high (y e of he i,er "$ 14) In hi$ c"$e& %h" "c *"lly h"++ene! %"$ h" he i,er -"l*e %"$ 1G9544 7high (y e 1G& lo% (y e 5448 (* yo* re"! 149544) WhyQ Bec"*$e yo* re"! he lo% (y e "$ 544) B* %hen yo* e6ec* e! he ne6 in$ r*c ion " $,"ll ",o*n of i,e +"$$e!00(* eno*gh for he i,er o incre,en "g"in " %hich i,e he -"l*e rolle! o-er fro, 1G9544 o 149<) B* in he +roce$$ yo*#-e re"! he i,er "$ (eing 149544) O(-io*$ly here#$ " +ro(le, here) The $ol* ionQ I #$ no oo ric'y& re"lly)

Ao* re"! he high (y e of he i,er& hen re"! he lo% (y e& hen re"! he high (y e "g"in) If he high (y e re"! he $econ! i,e i$ no he $",e "$ he high (y e re"! he fir$ i,e yo* re+e" he cycle) In co!e& hi$ %o*l! "++e"r "$D RE1EATD MON A& TH< MON R<& T>< C@NE A& TH<& RE1EAT In hi$ c"$e& %e lo"! he "cc*,*l" or %i h he high (y e of Ti,er <) We hen lo"! R< %i h he lo% (y e of Ti,er <) Hin"lly& %e chec' o $ee if he high (y e %e re"! o* of Ti,er <00%hich i$ no% $ ore! in he Acc*,*l" or00i$ he $",e "$ he c*rren Ti,er < high (y e) If i i$n# i ,e"n$ %e#-e /*$ Frolle! o-erF "n! ,*$ rere"! he i,er#$ -"l*e00%hich %e !o (y going ("c' o RE1EAT) When he loo+ e6i $ %e %ill h"-e he lo% (y e of he i,er in R<
DRK College of Engineering & Technology 52

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

"n! he high (y e in he Acc*,*l" or) Ano her ,*ch $i,+ler "l ern" i-e i$ o $i,+ly *rn off he i,er r*n (i 7i)e) C>R TR<8& re"! he i,er -"l*e& "n! hen *rn on he i,er r*n (i 7i)e) SETB TR<8) Detectin/ Ti0er O er!lo): Of en i i$ nece$$"ry o /*$ 'no% h" he i,er h"$ re$e o <) Th" i$ o $"y& yo* "re no +"r ic*l"rly in ere$ in he -"l*e of he i,er (* r" her yo* "re in ere$ e! in 'no%ing %hen he i,er h"$ o-erflo%e! ("c' o <) Whene-er " i,er o-erflo%$ fro, i $ highe$ -"l*e ("c' o <& he ,icrocon roller "* o," ic"lly $e $ he TH6 (i in he TCON regi$ er) Thi$ i$ *$ef*l $ince r" her h"n chec'ing he e6"c -"l*e of he i,er yo* c"n /*$ chec' if he TH6 (i i$ $e ) If TH< i$ $e i ,e"n$ h" i,er < h"$ o-erflo%e!C if TH1 i$ $e i ,e"n$ h" i,er 1 h"$ o-erflo%e!) We c"n *$e hi$ "++ro"ch o c"*$e he +rogr", o e6ec* e " fi6e! !el"y) A$ yo*#ll rec"ll& %e c"lc*l" e! e"rlier h" i "'e$ he 2<45 195< h of " $econ! o co*n fro, < o GI&<J3) Ho%e-er& he TH6 fl"g i$ $e %hen he i,er o-erflo%$ ("c' o <) Th*$& if %e %"n o *$e he TH6 fl"g o in!ic" e %hen 195< h of " $econ! h"$ +"$$e! %e ,*$ $e he i,er ini i"lly o I44BI le$$ GI<J3& or 13&G4J) If %e $e he i,er o 13&G4J& 195< h of " $econ! l" er he i,er %ill o-erflo%) Th*$ %e co,e *+ %i h he follo%ing co!e o e6ec* e " +"*$e of 195< h of " $econ!D MON TH<& PJIC High (y e of 13&G4J 7JI S 54I R 13&G4I8 MON T><& P<1C >o% (y e of 13&G4J 713&G4I = 1 R 13&G4J8 MON TMOD& P<1C 1* Ti,er < in 1I0(i ,o!e SETB TR<C M"'e Ti,er < $ "r co*n ing @NB TH<& UC If TH< i$ no $e & /*,+ ("c' o hi$ $",e in$ r*c ion In he "(o-e co!e he fir$ %o line$ ini i"liKe he Ti,er < $ "r ing -"l*e o 13&G4J) The ne6 %o in$ r*c ion$ config*re i,er < "n! *rn i on) Hin"lly& he l"$ in$ r*c ion CN, T13: D& re"!$ F@*,+& if TH< i$ no $e & ("c' o hi$ $",e in$ r*c ion)F The FUF o+er"n! ,e"n$& in ,o$ "$$e,(ler$& he "!!re$$ of he c*rren in$ r*c ion) Th*$ "$ long "$ he i,er h"$ no o-erflo%e! "n! he TH< (i h"$ no (een $e he +rogr", %ill 'ee+ e6ec* ing hi$ $",e in$ r*c ion) Af er 195< h of " $econ! i,er < %ill o-erflo%& $e he TH< (i & "n! +rogr", e6ec* ion %ill hen (re"' o* of he loo+) Interru't#:
DRK College of Engineering & Technology 53

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

A$ $ " e! e"rlier& +rogr", flo% i$ "l%"y$ $e.*en i"l& (eing "l ere! only (y ho$e in$ r*c ion$ %hich e6+re$$ly c"*$e +rogr", flo% o !e-i" e in $o,e %"y) Ho%e-er& in err*+ $ gi-e *$ " ,ech"ni$, o F+* on hol!F he nor,"l +rogr", flo%& e6ec* e " $*(ro* ine& "n! hen re$*,e nor,"l +rogr", flo% "$ if %e h"! ne-er lef i ) Thi$ $*(ro* ine& c"lle! "n in err*+ h"n!ler& i$ only e6ec* e! %hen " cer "in e-en 7in err*+ 8 occ*r$) The e-en ,"y (e one of he i,er$ Fo-erflo%ing&F recei-ing " ch"r"c er -i" he $eri"l +or & r"n$,i ing " ch"r"c er -i" he $eri"l +or & or one of %o Fe6 ern"l e-en $)F The 2<45 ,"y (e config*re! $o h" %hen "ny of he$e e-en $ occ*r he ,"in +rogr", i$ e,+or"rily $*$+en!e! "n! con rol +"$$e! o " $+eci"l $ec ion of co!e %hich +re$*,"(ly %o*l! e6ec* e $o,e f*nc ion rel" e! o he e-en h" occ*rre!) Once co,+le e& con rol %o*l! (e re *rne! o he origin"l +rogr",) Hor e6",+le& le #$ $"y %e h"-e " l"rge 1I' +rogr", e6ec* ing ,"ny $*(ro* ine$ +erfor,ing ,"ny "$'$) >e #$ "l$o $*++o$e h" %e %"n o*r +rogr", o "* o," ic"lly oggle he 1B)< +or e-ery i,e i,er < o-erflo%$) The co!e o !o hi$ i$n# oo !iffic*l D @NB TH<& SKI1VTOGG>E C1> 1B)< C>R TH< SKI1VTOGG>ED )))

Since he TH< fl"g i$ $e %hene-er i,er < o-erflo%$& he "(o-e co!e %ill oggle 1B)< e-ery i,e i,er < o-erflo%$) Thi$ "cco,+li$he$ %h" %e %"n & (* i$ inefficien ) The CN, in#truction con$*,e$ 5 in$ r*c ion cycle$ o !e er,ine h" he fl"g i$ no $e "n! /*,+ o-er he *nnece$$"ry co!e) In he e-en h" i,er < o-erflo%$& he C1> "n! C>R in$ r*c ion re.*ire 5 in$ r*c ion cycle$ o e6ec* e) To ,"'e he ," h e"$y& le #$ $"y he re$ of he co!e in he +rogr", re.*ire$ 32 in$ r*c ion cycle$) Th*$& in o "l& o*r co!e con$*,e$ 1<< in$ r*c ion cycle$ 732 in$ r*c ion cycle$ +l*$ he 5 h" "re e6ec* e! e-ery i er" ion o !e er,ine %he her or no i,er < h"$ o-erflo%e!8) If %e#re in 1I0(i i,er ,o!e& i,er < %ill o-erflo% e-ery I4&4BI ,"chine cycle$) In h" i,e %e %o*l! h"-e +erfor,e! I44 CN, e$ $ for " o "l of 1B1< in$ r*c ion cycle$& +l*$ "no her 5 in$ r*c ion cycle$ o +erfor, he co!e)

DRK College of Engineering & Technology

B<

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

So o "chie-e o*r go"l %e#-e $+en 1B15 in$ r*c ion cycle$) So 5)<<5W of o*r i,e i$ (eing $+en /*$ chec'ing %hen o oggle 1B)<) C1> 1B)< RETI Hir$ & yo*#ll no ice he C>R TH< co,,"n! h"$ !i$"++e"re!) Th" #$ (ec"*$e %hen he 2<45 e6ec* e$ o*r F i,er < in err*+ ro* ine&F i "* o," ic"lly cle"r$ he TH< fl"g) Ao*#ll "l$o no ice h" in$ e"! of " nor,"l RET in$ r*c ion %e h"-e " RETI in$ r*c ion) The RETI in$ r*c ion !oe$ he $",e hing "$ " RET in$ r*c ion& (* ell$ he 2<45 h" "n in err*+ ro* ine h"$ fini$he!) Ao* ,*$ "l%"y$ en! yo*r in err*+ h"n!ler$ %i h RETI) Th*$& e-ery I44BI in$ r*c ion cycle$ %e e6ec* e he C1> in$ r*c ion "n! he RETI in$ r*c ion) Tho$e %o in$ r*c ion$ oge her re.*ire B in$ r*c ion cycle$& "n! %e#-e "cco,+li$he! he $",e go"l "$ he fir$ e6",+le h" re.*ire! 1B15 in$ r*c ion cycle$) A$ f"r "$ he oggling of 1B)< goe$& o*r o!e i$ GBJ i,e$ ,ore efficien X) Wi h in err*+ $& he 2<45 %ill +* he ,"in +rogr", Fon hol!F "n! c"ll o*r $+eci"l ro* ine o h"n!le he rece+ ion of " ch"r"c er) >"at E ent# can tri//er interru't#: and )"ere do t"e$ /o? We c"n config*re he 2<45 $o h" "ny of he follo%ing e-en $ %ill c"*$e "n in err*+ D Y Ti,er < O-erflo%) Y Ti,er 1 O-erflo%) Y Rece+ ion9Tr"n$,i$$ion of Seri"l Ch"r"c er) Y E6 ern"l E-en <) Y E6 ern"l E-en 1) In o her %or!$& %e c"n config*re he 2<45 $o h" %hen Ti,er < o-erflo%$ or %hen " ch"r"c er i$ $en 9recei-e!& he "++ro+ri" e in err*+ h"n!ler ro* ine$ "re c"lle!) O(-io*$ly %e nee! o (e "(le o !i$ ing*i$h (e %een -"rio*$ in err*+ $ "n! e6ec* ing !ifferen co!e !e+en!ing on %h" in err*+ %"$ riggere!) Thi$ i$ "cco,+li$he! (y /*,+ing o " fi6e! "!!re$$ %hen " gi-en in err*+ occ*r$)

DRK College of Engineering & Technology

B1

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

Hig5)1ID In err*+ $

2.%.2 REGU4ATED PO>ER &UPP4-:

De#cri'tion: A -"ri"(le reg*l" e! +o%er $*++ly& "l$o c"lle! " -"ri"(le (ench +o%er $*++ly& i$ one %here yo* c"n con in*o*$ly "!/*$ he o* +* -ol "ge o yo*r re.*ire,en $) N"rying he o* +* of he +o%er $*++ly i$ he reco,,en!e! %"y o e$ " +ro/ec "f er h"-ing !o*(le chec'e! +"r $ +l"ce,en "g"in$ circ*i !r"%ing$ "n! he +"r $ +l"ce,en g*i!e) Thi$ y+e of reg*l" ion i$ i!e"l for h"-ing " $i,+le -"ri"(le (ench +o%er $*++ly) Ac *"lly hi$ i$ .*i e i,+or "n (ec"*$e one of he fir$ +ro/ec $ " ho((yi$ $ho*l! *n!er "'e i$ he con$ r*c ion of " -"ri"(le reg*l" e! +o%er $*++ly) While " !e!ic" e! $*++ly i$ .*i e h"n!y e)g) 4N or 15N& i Z$ ,*ch h"n!ier o h"-e " -"ri"(le $*++ly on h"n!& e$+eci"lly for e$ ing) Mo$ !igi "l logic circ*i $ "n! +roce$$or$ nee! " 4 -ol +o%er $*++ly) To *$e he$e +"r $ %e nee! o (*il! " reg*l" e! 4 -ol $o*rce) U$*"lly yo* $ "r %i h "n *nreg*l" e! +o%er $*++ly r"nging fro, 3 -ol $ o 5G -ol $ DC 7A 15 -ol +o%er $*++ly i$ incl*!e! %i h he ,e/inner Eit "n! he +icrocontroller ,e/inner Eit)8) To ,"'e " 4 -ol +o%er $*++ly& %e *$e " >MJ2<4 -ol "ge reg*l" or IC)

DRK College of Engineering & Technology

B5

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS Hig 5)1JD 1in Di"gr", of J2<4

The >MJ2<4 i$ $i,+le o *$e) Ao* $i,+ly connec

he +o$i i-e le"! of yo*r

*nreg*l" e! DC +o%er $*++ly 7"ny hing fro, 3NDC o 5GNDC8 o he In+* +in& connec he neg" i-e le"! o he Co,,on +in "n! hen %hen yo* *rn on he +o%er& yo* ge " 4 -ol $*++ly fro, he O* +* +in)

CIRCUIT 1EATURE&: Brief !e$cri+ ion of o+er" ionD Gi-e$ o* %ell reg*l" e! =4N o* +* & o* +* c*rren c"+"(ili y of 1<< ,A Circ*i +ro ec ionD B*il 0in o-erhe" ing +ro ec ion $h* $ !o%n o* +* %hen reg*l" or IC ge $ oo ho Circ*i co,+le6i yD Nery $i,+le "n! e"$y o (*il! Circ*i +erfor,"nceD Nery $ "(le =4N o* +* -ol "ge& reli"(le o+er" ion A-"il"(ili y of co,+onen $D E"$y o ge & *$e$ only -ery co,,on ("$ic co,+onen $ De$ign e$ ingD B"$e! on !" "$hee e6",+le circ*i & I h"-e *$e! hi$ circ*i $*cce$$f*lly "$ +"r of ,"ny elec ronic$ +ro/ec $ A++lic" ion$D 1"r of elec ronic$ !e-ice$& $,"ll l"(or" ory +o%er $*++ly 1o%er $*++ly -ol "geD Unreg*l" e! DC 2012N +o%er $*++ly 1o%er $*++ly c*rren D Nee!e! o* +* c*rren = 4 ,A

DRK College of Engineering & Technology

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REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

,loc. Dia/ra0:

Hig 5)12D Bloc' Di"gr", of R1S

Circuit Dia/ra0:

Hig 5)13D B"$ic 1o%er S*++ly Circ*i

DRK College of Engineering & Technology

BG

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

A(o-e i$ he circ*i of " ("$ic unre/ulated !c +o%er $*++ly) A (ri!ge rec ifier D1 o DG rec ifie$ he "c fro, he r"n$for,er $econ!"ry& %hich ,"y "l$o (e " (loc' rec ifier $*ch "$ WOG or e-en fo*r in!i-i!*"l !io!e$ $*ch "$ 1NG<<G y+e$) 7See l" er re rec ifier r" ing$8) The +rinci+"l "!-"n "ge of " (ri!ge rec ifier i$ yo* !o no nee! " cen re "+ on he $econ!"ry of he r"n$for,er) A f*r her (* $ignific"n "!-"n "ge i$ h" he ri++le fre.*ency " he o* +* i$ %ice he line fre.*ency 7i)e) 4< HK or I< HK8 "n! ,"'e$ fil ering $o,e%h" e"$ier) A$ " !e$ign e6",+le con$i!er %e %"n e! " $,"ll *nreg*l" e! (ench $*++ly for o*r +ro/ec $) Here %e %ill go for " -ol "ge of "(o* 15 0 1BN " " ,"6i,*, o* +* c*rren 7I >8 of 4<<," 7<)4A8) M"6i,*, ri++le %ill (e 5)4W "n! lo"! reg*l" ion i$ 4W) No% he RMS $econ!"ry -ol "ge 7+ri,"ry i$ %h" e-er i$ con$i$ en %i h yo*r "re"8 for o*r +o%er r"n$for,er T1 ,*$ (e o*r !e$ire! o* +* No 1>US he -ol "ge !ro+$ "cro$$ D5 "n! DG 75 S <)JN8 !i-i!e! (y 1)G1G) Thi$ ,e"n$ h" N$ec R [1BN = 1)GN\ 9 1)G1G %hich e.*"l$ "(o* 1<)5N) De+en!ing on he NA r" ing of yo*r r"n$for,er& he $econ!"ry -ol "ge %ill -"ry con$i!er"(ly in "ccor!"nce %i h he "++lie! lo"!) The $econ!"ry -ol "ge on " r"n$for,er "!-er i$e! "$ $"y 5<NA %ill (e ,*ch gre" er if he $econ!"ry i$ only ligh ly lo"!e!) If %e "cce+ he 5)4W ri++le "$ "!e.*" e for o*r +*r+o$e$ hen " 1BN hi$ (eco,e$ 1B S <)<54 R <)B54 Nr,$) The +e"' o +e"' -"l*e i$ 5)252 i,e$ hi$ -"l*e) Nri+ R <)B54N M 5)252 R <)35 N "n! hi$ -"l*e i$ re.*ire! o c"lc*l" e he -"l*e of C1) Al$o re.*ire! for hi$ c"lc*l" ion i$ he i,e in er-"l for ch"rging +*l$e$) If yo* "re on " I<HK $y$ e, i 19 75 S I<8 R <)<<2BBB %hich i$ 2)BB ,illi$econ!$) Hor " 4<HK $y$ e, i i$ <)<1 $ec or 1< ,illi$econ!$) Re,e,(er he oler"nce of he y+e of c"+"ci or *$e! here i$ -ery loo$e) The i,+or "n hing o (e "%"re of i$ he -ol "ge r" ing $ho*l! (e " le"$ 1BN M 1)G1G or 12)BB) Here yo* %o*l! *$e " le"$ he $ "n!"r! 54N or higher 7"($ol* ely no 1IN8)Wi h o*r rec ifier !io!e$ or (ri!ge hey $ho*l! h"-e " 1IN r" ing of 5)252 i,e$ he N$ec or " le"$ 53N) DonZ $e"rch for hi$ r" ing (ec"*$e i !oe$nZ e6i$ ) U$e he ne6 highe$ $ "n!"r! or e-en higher) The c*rren r" ing $ho*l! (e " le"$ t)ice he lo"! c*rren ,"6i,*, i)e) 5 M <)4A or 1A) A goo! y+e o *$e %o*l! (e 1NG<<G& 1NG<<I or 1NG<<2 y+e$) The$e "re r" e! 1 A,+ " G<<1IN& I<<1IN "n! 1<<<1IN re$+ec i-ely) Al%"y$ (e on he loo'o* for he higher -ol "ge one$ %hen hey "re on $+eci"l)
DRK College of Engineering & Technology B4

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

Tran#!or0er Ratin/: In o*r e6",+le "(o-e %e %ere "'ing <)4A o* of he N$ec of 1<N) The NA re.*ire! i$ 1< M <)4A R 4NA) Thi$ i$ " $,"ll 1CB ,o*n r"n$for,er "-"il"(le in A*$ r"li" "n! +ro("(ly el$e%here) Thi$ %o*l! (e "n "($ol* e ,ini,*, "n! if yo* "n ici+" e! !r"%ing he ,"6i,*, c*rren "ll he i,e hen go o " higher NA r" ing) The %o c"+"ci or$ in he +ri,"ry $i!e "re $,"ll -"l*e y+e$ "n! if yo* !onZ 'no% +reci$ely and I ,e"n +reci$ely %h" yo* "re !oing hen O+IT he,) Their lo$$ %onZ c"*$e yo* he"r "che or erri(le +ro(le,$)

2.%.% &ERIA4 CO++UNICATION

Introduction to R&A2%2: In eleco,,*nic" ion$& R&A2%2 7Reco,,en!e! S "n!"r! 5B58 i$ " $ "n!"r! for $eri"l (in"ry !" " $ign"l$ connec ing (e %een " DTE 7D" " er,in"l e.*i+,en 8 "n! " DCE 7D" " Circ*i 0 er,in" ing E.*i+,en 8) I i$ co,,only *$e! in co,+* er $eri"l +or $)

&co'e and Hi#tor$: The Elec ronic In!*$ rie$ Alli"nce 7EIA8 $ "n!"r! RS05B50C "$ of 13I3 !efine$D Elec ric"l $ign"l ch"r"c eri$ ic$ $*ch "$ -ol "ge le-el$& $ign"ling r" e& i,ing "n! $le%0r" e of $ign"l$& -ol "ge %i h$ "n! le-el $hor 0circ*i (eh"-ior& "n! ,"6i,*, lo"! c"+"ci "nce) In erf"ce ,ech"nic"l ch"r"c eri$ ic$& +l*gg"(le connec or$ "n! +in i!en ific" ion) H*nc ion$ of e"ch circ*i in he in erf"ce connec or) S "n!"r! $*($e $ of in erf"ce circ*i $ for $elec e! eleco, "++lic" ion$) The $ "n!"r! !oe$ no !efine $*ch ele,en $ "$ ch"r"c er enco!ing 7for e6",+le& ASCII& B"*!o or EBCDIC8 he fr",ing of ch"r"c er$ in he !" " $ re", 7(i $ +er ch"r"c er& $ "r 9$ o+ (i $& +"ri y8 +ro ocol$ for error !e ec ion or "lgori h,$ for !" " co,+re$$ion (i r" e$ for r"n$,i$$ion& "l ho*gh he $ "n!"r!
DRK College of Engineering & Technology BI

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

$"y$ i i$ in en!e! for (i r" e$ lo%er h"n 5<&<<< (i $ +er $econ!) M"ny ,o!ern !e-ice$ $*++or $+ee!$ of 114&5<< (+$ "n! "(o-e +o%er $*++ly o e6 ern"l !e-ice$) De "il$ of ch"r"c er for," "n! r"n$,i$$ion (i r" e "re con rolle! (y he $eri"l +or h"r!%"re& of en " $ingle in egr" e! circ*i c"lle! " UART h" con-er $ !" " fro, +"r"llel o $eri"l for,) A y+ic"l $eri"l +or incl*!e$ $+eci"liKe! !ri-er "n! recei-er in egr" e! circ*i $ o con-er (e %een in ern"l logic le-el$ "n! RS05B5 co,+" i(le $ign"l le-el$) Hi#tor$: The origin"l DTE$ %ere elec ro,ech"nic"l ele y+e%ri er$ "n! he origin"l DCE$ %ere 7*$*"lly8 ,o!e,$) When elec ronic er,in"l$ 7$,"r "n! !*,(8 (eg"n o (e *$e!& hey %ere of en !e$igne! o (e in erch"nge"(le %i h ele y+e$& "n! $o $*++or e! RS05B5) The C re-i$ion of he $ "n!"r! %"$ i$$*e! in 13I3 in +"r o "cco,,o!" e he

elec ric"l ch"r"c eri$ ic$ of he$e !e-ice$) Since "++lic" ion o !e-ice$ $*ch "$ co,+* er$& +rin er$& e$ in$ r*,en $& "n! $o on %ere no con$i!ere! (y he $ "n!"r!& !e$igner$ i,+le,en ing "n RS05B5 co,+" i(le in erf"ce on heir e.*i+,en of en in er+re e! he re.*ire,en $ i!io$yncr" ic"lly) Co,,on +ro(le,$ %ere non0$ "n!"r! +in "$$ign,en of circ*i $ on connec or$& "n! incorrec or ,i$$ing con rol $ign"l$) The l"c' of "!herence o he $ "n!"r!$ +ro!*ce! " hri-ing in!*$ ry of (re"'o* (o6e$& +" ch (o6e$& e$ e.*i+,en & (oo'$& "n! o her "i!$ for he connec ion of !i$+"r" e e.*i+,en ) A co,,on !e-i" ion fro, he $ "n!"r! %"$ o !ri-e he $ign"l$ " " re!*ce! -ol "geD he $ "n!"r! re.*ire$ he r"n$,i er o *$e =15N "n! 015N& (* re.*ire$ he recei-er o !i$ ing*i$h -ol "ge$ "$ lo% "$ =BN "n! 0BN) So,e ,"n*f"c *rer$ herefore (*il r"n$,i er$ h" $*++lie! =4N "n! 04N "n! l"(ele! he, "$ FRS05B5 co,+" i(le)F

The $ "n!"r! h"$ (een ren",e! $e-er"l i,e$ !*ring i $ hi$ ory "$ he $+on$oring org"niK" ion ch"nge! i $ n",e& "n! h"$ (een -"rio*$ly 'no%n "$ EIA RS 5B5& EIA 5B5& "n! ,o$ recen ly "$ TIA 5B5) The $ "n!"r! con in*e$ o (e re-i$e! "n! *+!" e! (y he EIA "n! $ince 1322 he Teleco,,*nic" ion$ In!*$ ry A$$oci" ion 7TIA8) Re-i$ion C %"$ i$$*e! in " !oc*,en !" e! A*g*$ 13I3) Re-i$ion D %"$ i$$*e! in 132I) The c*rren re-i$ion i$ TIA0 5B50H In erf"ce (e %een D" " Ter,in"l E.*i+,en "n! D" " Circ*i 0Ter,in" ing E.*i+,en
DRK College of Engineering & Technology BJ

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

E,+loying Seri"l Bin"ry D" " In erch"nge& i$$*e! in 133J)Since Re-i$ion C h"-e (een in i,ing "n! !e "il$ in en!e! o i,+ro-e h"r,oniK" ion %i h he CCITT $ "n!"r! N)5G& (* e.*i+,en (*il o he c*rren $ "n!"r! %ill in ero+er" e %i h ol!er -er$ion$)

4i0itation#:

Bec"*$e he "++lic" ion of RS05B5 h"$ e6 en!e! f"r (eyon! he origin"l +*r+o$e of in erconnec ing " er,in"l %i h " ,o!e,& $*cce$$or $ "n!"r!$ h"-e (een !e-elo+e! o "!!re$$ he li,i " ion$) I$$*e$ %i h he RS05B5 $ "n!"r! incl*!eD

The l"rge -ol "ge $%ing$ "n! re.*ire,en for +o$i i-e "n! neg" i-e $*++lie$ incre"$e$ +o%er con$*,+ ion of he in erf"ce "n! co,+lic" e$ +o%er $*++ly !e$ign) The -ol "ge $%ing re.*ire,en "l$o li,i $ he *++er $+ee! of " co,+" i(le in erf"ce)

Single0en!e! $ign"ling referre! o " co,,on $ign"l gro*n! li,i $ he noi$e i,,*ni y "n! r"n$,i$$ion !i$ "nce)

M*l i0!ro+ 7,e"ning " connec ion (e %een ,ore h"n %o !e-ice$8 o+er" ion of "n RS05B5 co,+" i(le in erf"ce i$ no !efine!C %hile ,*l i0!ro+ F%or'0"ro*n!F h"$ (een !e-i$e!& hey h"-e li,i " ion$ in $+ee! "n! co,+" i(ili y)

A$y,,e ric"l !efini ion$ of he %o en!$ of he lin' ,"'e he "$$ign,en of he role of " ne%ly !e-elo+e! !e-ice +ro(le," icC he !e$igner ,*$ !eci!e on ei her " DTE0 li'e or DCE0li'e in erf"ce "n! %hich connec or +in "$$ign,en $ o *$e)

DRK College of Engineering & Technology

B2

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

The h"n!$h"'ing "n! con rol line$ of he in erf"ce "re in en!e! for he $e *+ "n! "'e!o%n of " !i"l0*+ co,,*nic" ion circ*i C in +"r ic*l"r& he *$e of h"n!$h"'e line$ for flo% con rol i$ no reli"(ly i,+le,en e! in ,"ny !e-ice$)

No ,e ho! for $en!ing +o%er o " !e-ice& %hile " $,"ll ",o*n of c*rren c"n (e e6 r"c e! fro, he DTR "n! RTS line$ hi$ c"n only (e *$e! for lo% +o%er !e-ice$ $*ch "$ ,ice)

While he $ "n!"r! reco,,en!$ " 540%"y connec or "n! i $ +in o* & he connec or i$ l"rge (y c*rren $ "n!"r!$)

2olta/e le el#: The RS05B5 $ "n!"r! !efine$ he -ol "ge le-el$ h" corre$+on! o logic"l one "n! logic"l Kero le-el$) N"li! $ign"l$ "re +l*$ or ,in*$ B o 14 -ol $) The r"nge ne"r Kero -ol $ i$ no " -"li! RS05B5 le-elC logic one i$ !efine! "$ " neg" i-e -ol "ge& he $ign"l con!i ion i$ c"lle! ,"r'ing& "n! h"$ he f*nc ion"l $ignific"nce of OHH) >ogic Kero i$ +o$i i-eC he $ign"l con!i ion i$ $+"cing& "n! h"$ he f*nc ion ON) The $ "n!"r! $+ecifie$ " ,"6i,*, o+en0 circ*i -ol "ge of 54 -ol $C $ign"l le-el$ of ]4 N& ]1< N& ]15 N& "n! ]14 N "re "ll co,,only

$een !e+en!ing on he +o%er $*++lie$ "-"il"(le %i hin " !e-ice) RS05B5 !ri-er$ "n! recei-er$ ,*$ (e "(le o %i h$ "n! in!efini e $hor circ*i o gro*n! or o "ny -ol "ge le-el *+ o =9054 -ol $) The $le% r" e& or ho% f"$ con rolle!) Bec"*$e he -ol "ge le-el$ "re higher h"n logic le-el$ y+ic"lly *$e! (y in egr" e! circ*i $& $+eci"l in er-ening !ri-er circ*i $ "re re.*ire! o r"n$l" e logic le-el$) The$e "l$o +ro ec he !e-iceZ$ in ern"l circ*i ry fro, $hor circ*i $ or r"n$ien $ h" ,"y "++e"r on he RS05B5 in erf"ce& "n! +ro-i!e $*fficien c*rren o co,+ly %i h he $le% r" e re.*ire,en $ for !" " r"n$,i$$ion) he $ign"l ch"nge$ (e %een le-el$& i$ "l$o

DRK College of Engineering & Technology

B3

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

Bec"*$e (o h en!$ of he RS05B5 circ*i !e+en! on he gro*n! +in (eing Kero -ol $& +ro(le,$ %ill occ*r %hen connec ing ,"chinery "n! co,+* er$ %here he -ol "ge (e %een he gro*n! +in on one en! "n! he gro*n! +in on he o her i$ no Kero) Thi$ ,"y "l$o c"*$e " h"K"r!o*$ gro*n! loo+)

2.%.%.1 +A6 2%2:

A $ "n!"r! $eri"l in erf"ce for 1C& RS5B5C& re.*ire$ neg" i-e logic& i)e)& logic 1 i$ 0BN o 015N "n! logic < i$ =BN o =15N) To con-er TT> logic& $"y& T6D "n! R6D +in$ of he ,icrocon roller h*$ nee! " con-er er chi+) A MAM5B5 chi+ h"$ long (een *$ing in ,"ny ,icrocon roller$ (o"r!$) I i$ " !*"l RS5B5 recei-er 9 r"n$,i er h" ,ee $ "ll RS5B5 $+ecific" ion$ %hile *$ing only =4N +o%er $*++ly) I h"$ %o on(o"r! ch"rge +*,+ -ol "ge con-er er$ %hich gener" e =1<N o 01<N +o%er $*++lie$ fro, " $ingle 4N $*++ly) I h"$ fo*r le-el r"n$l" or$& %o of %hich "re RS5B5 r"n$,i er$ h" con-er TT>9CMOS in+* le-el$ in o =3N RS5B5 o* +* $) The o her %o le-el r"n$l" or$ "re RS5B5 recei-er$ h" con-er RS5B5 in+* o 4N) Ty+ic"l MAM5B5 circ*i i$ $ho%n (elo%)

1eature#: Mee $ or E6cee!$ TIA9EIA05B50H "n! ITU Reco,,en!" ion N)52 O+er" e$ Hro, " Single 40N 1o%er S*++ly Wi h 1)<0VH Ch"rge01*,+ C"+"ci or$ O+er" e$ U+ To 15< K(i 9$ T%o Dri-er$ "n! T%o Recei-er$ ]B<0N In+* >e-el$ >o% S*++ly C*rren of 2 ,A Ty+ic"l ESD 1ro ec ion E6cee!$ @ESD 55 ^ 5<<<0N H*,"n0Bo!y Mo!el 7A11G0A8
G<

DRK College of Engineering & Technology

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

U+gr"!e Wi h I,+ro-e! ESD 7140'N HBM8 "n! <)10VH Ch"rge01*,+ C"+"ci or$ i$ A-"il"(le Wi h he MAM5<5

A''lication#

TIA9EIA05B50H& B" ery01o%ere! Sy$ e,$& Ter,in"l$& Mo!e,$& "n! Co,+* er$

Hig 5)5<D 1in Di"gr", of MAM5B5

A $ "n!"r! $eri"l in erf"cing for 1C& RS5B5C& re.*ire$ neg" i-e logic& i)e)& logic Z1Z i$ 0BN o 015N "n! logic Z<Z i$ =BN o =15N) To con-er TT> logic& $"y& T6D "n! R6D +in$ of he *C chi+$ h*$ nee! " con-er er chi+) A MAM5B5 chi+ h"$ long (een *$ing in ,"ny *C (o"r!$) I +ro-i!e$ 50ch"nnel RS5B5C +or "n! re.*ire$ e6 ern"l 1<*H c"+"ci or$) C"ref*lly chec' he +ol"ri y of c"+"ci or %hen $ol!ering he (o"r!) A DS5J4 ho%e-er& no nee! e6 ern"l c"+"ci or "n! $,"ller) Ei her circ*i c"n (e *$e! %i ho* "ny +ro(le,$)

DRK College of Engineering & Technology

G1

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

Hig 5)51D Circ*i Connec ion of MAM0 5B5

DRK College of Engineering & Technology

G5

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

2.%.( 4CD:
>i.*i! cry$ "l !i$+l"y$ offer $e-er"l "!-"n "ge$ o-er r"!i ion"l C" ho!e R"y T*(e !i$+l"y$ h" ,"'e he, i!e"l for $e-er"l "++lic" ion$) Of co*r$e& >CD$ "re fl" "n! hey *$e only " fr"c ion of " +o%er re.*ire! (y c" ho!e r"y *(e$) They "re e"$ier o re"! "n! ,ore +le"$"n o %or' %i h for long +erio!$ of i,e h"n ,o$ or!in"ry -i!eo ,oni or$) There "re $e-er"l r"!eoff$ "$ %ell& $*ch "$ li,i e! -ie% "ngle& (righ ne$$ "n! con r"$ & no o ,en ion high ,"n*f"c *ring co$ ) 1I65 Al+h"n*,eric >CD i$ *$e! in hi$ +ro/ec o !i$+l"y !" " o *$er) There "re 5 ro%$ "n! 1I col*,n$) I i$ +o$$i(le o !i$+l"y 1I ch"r"c er$ on e"ch of he 5 ro%$) I h"$ %o regi$ er$& co,,"n! regi$ er "n! !" " regi$ er) 1@ 6 2 A4PHANU+ERIC 4CD: The >CD *$e! on he r"n$,i ing $i!e i$ " 1I ch"r"c er "n! 5 line$ >CD& %hich i$ nor,"lly referre! "$ 1I M 5 >CD) Thi$ >CD i$ "n "l+h"n*,eric >CD h" ,e"n$ i c"n (e *$e! o !i$+l"y he ch"r"c er$ of (o h "l+h"(e $ "n! n*,er"l$ "+"r fro, $+eci"l $y,(ol$) The -"l*e o (e !i$+l"ye! on he >CD#$ +"nel i$ $en in he for, of ASCII co!e for," ) The !" " "n! he co,,"n!$ o (e $en! o he >CD "re $en on he !" " (*$ (y *$ing " +or of he ,icro con roller& %hich i$ connec e! o he !" " +in$ of he >CD) The $",e !" " (*$ i$ *$e! o c"rry he con rol $ign"l$ in (o h he !irec ion$ "n! "l$o he !" " o (e !i$+l"ye! on he >CD) The >CD#$ "cce+ he $ "n!"r! co,,"n!$ "n! "cce+ he ASCII co!e$) In ern"lly he >CD con roller !eco!e$ he$e co!e$ "n! +erfor,$ he con rol "c i-i y "n! "l$o !eco!e$ he ASCII co!e$ "n! $en!$ he (i ,"+ for," in or!er o !i$+l"y he ch"r"c er on he >CD) The R$ 7regi$ er $elec 8 +in i$ *$e! for $elec ing he regi$ er in o %hich he !" " i$ o (e %ri en) The >CD h"$ in ern"lly %o regi$ er$& one i$ for he co,,"n! "n! he o her i$ for he !" " %hich i$ o (e !i$+l"ye!) When r$R< he !" " fro, he !" " +in$ i$ %ri en in o he !" " regi$ er "n! %hen r$R1 he !" " fro, he !" " +in$ i$ %ri en in o he !" " regi$ er) The r9% 7re"!9%ri e8 +in i$ for $+ecifying %he her o %ri e !" " o he >CD or re"! !" " fro, he >CD) If r9%R<& %e c"n %ri e !" " "n! if r9%R1 %e c"n re"! !" ") The en"(le +in i$ *$e! (y he >CD o l" ch infor," ion +re$en e! o i $ !" " +in$) When !" " i$ $*++lie! o !" " +in$& "
DRK College of Engineering & Technology GB

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

high o lo% +*l$e ,*$ (e "++lie! o hi$ +in in or!er for he >CD o l" ch in he !" " +re$en " he !" " +in$) Thi$ +*l$e ,*$ (e " ,ini,*, of G4<n$ %i!e)

1@ F 2 Al'"anu0eric 4CD +odule 1eature#: In elligen & %i h (*il 0in Hi "chi HDGGJ2< co,+" i(le >CD con roller "n! RAM +ro-i!ing $i,+le in erf"cing I1 6 14)2 ,, -ie%ing "re" 4 6 J !o ," ri6 for," for 5)3I 6 4)4I ,, ch"r"c er$& +l*$ c*r$or line C"n !i$+l"y 55G !ifferen $y,(ol$ >o% +o%er con$*,+ ion 71 ,A y+ic"l8 1o%erf*l co,,"n! $e "n! *$er0+ro!*ce! ch"r"c er$ TT> "n! CMOS co,+" i(le)

DRK College of Engineering & Technology

GG

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

&'eci!ication#:

Hig 5)55D >CD 1"nel

Pin 1 5 B G 4 I J01G 14 I

&$0bol NSS NDD N< RS R9W E DB<0DBJ NC NC

4e el 0 0 0 H9> H9> H&H0_> H9> 0 0

1unction 1o%er& GND 1o%er &4N 1o%er& for >CD Dri-e Regi$ er Selec Sign"l HDD" " In+* >DIn$ r*c ion In+* HDD" " Re"! 7M1U0_>CD8 >D D" " Wri e 7M1U0_>CD8 En"(le D" " B*$C Sof %"re $elec "(le G0 or 20(i ,o!e No Connec e! No Connec e!
G4

DRK College of Engineering & Technology

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS Hig 5)5BD 1in De$cri+ ion of >CD 1"nel

Hig 5)5GD >CD 1in Connec ion

Inter!acin/ o! 4CD To T"e +icrocontroller:

Hig 5)54D In erf"cing of >CD o he Microcon roller DRK College of Engineering & Technology GI

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

The 2 !" " +in$ of he >CD "re connec e! o he 2 +in$ of +or 1) The R$ 7regi$ er $elec 8& r9% 7re"!9%ri e8& "n! en 7en"(le8 +in$ of he >CD "re connec e! o 15)<& 15)1 "n! 15)5 re$+ec i-ely) The connec ion$ "re "$ $ho%n in he fig (elo%)

Hig 5)5ID 1I65 >CD In erf"ce o AT23C45

2.%.* Global &$#te0 !or +obile Co00unication# 8G&+7:

2.%.*.1 Introduction: In 1325& he E*ro+e"n Conference of 1o$ "l "n! Teleco,,*nic" ion$

A!,ini$ r" ion$ 7CE1T8 cre" e! he Gro*+ S+eci"l Mo(ile 7GSM8 o !e-elo+ " $ "n!"r! for " ,o(ile ele+hone $y$ e, h" co*l! (e *$e! "cro$$ E*ro+e) In 132J& " ,e,or"n!*, of *n!er$ "n!ing %"$ $igne! (y 1B co*n rie$ o !e-elo+ " co,,on cell*l"r ele+hone $y$ e, "cro$$ E*ro+e) The fir$ GSM ne %or' %"$ l"*nche! in 1331 (y R"!iolin/" in Hinl"n! %i h /oin echnic"l infr"$ r*c *re ,"in en"nce fro, Eric$$on) Global &$#te0 !or +obile Co00unication#& or G&+ 7origin"lly fro, Grou' &'ecial +obile8& i$ he %orl!Z$ ,o$ +o+*l"r $ "n!"r! for ,o(ile ele+hone $y$ e,$) The GSM e$ i," e$ h" 2<W of he glo("l ,o(ile ,"r'e *$e$ he $ "n!"r!) O-er 1)4 (illion
DRK College of Engineering & Technology GJ

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

+eo+le *$e GSM "cro$$ ,ore h"n 515 co*n rie$ "n! erri orie$) Thi$ *(i.*i y ,e"n$ h" $*($cri(er$ c"n *$e heir +hone$ hro*gho* he %orl!& en"(le! (y in ern" ion"l ro",ing "rr"nge,en $ (e %een ,o(ile ne %or' o+er" or$) GSM !iffer$ fro, i $ +re!ece$$or echnologie$ in h" (o h $ign"ling "n! $+eech ch"nnel$ "re !igi "l& "n! h*$ GSM i$ con$i!ere! " $econ! gener" ion 75G8 ,o(ile +hone $y$ e,) Thi$ "l$o f"cili " e$ he %i!e0 $+re"! i,+le,en " ion of !" " co,,*nic" ion "++lic" ion$ in o he $y$ e,) The GSM $ "n!"r! h"$ (een "n "!-"n "ge o (o h con$*,er$& %ho ,"y (enefi fro, he "(ili y o ro", "n! $%i ch c"rrier$ %i ho* re+l"cing +hone$& "n! "l$o o ne %or' o+er" or$& %ho c"n choo$e e.*i+,en fro, ,"ny GSM e.*i+,en -en!or$) GSM "l$o +ioneere! lo%0co$ i,+le,en " ion of he $hor ,e$$"ge $er-ice 7SMS8& "l$o c"lle! e6 ,e$$"ging& %hich h"$ $ince (een $*++or e! on o her ,o(ile +hone $ "n!"r!$ "$ %ell) The $ "n!"r! incl*!e$ " %orl!%i!e e,ergency ele+hone n*,(er fe" *re) GSM i$ " cell*l"r ne %or'& %hich ,e"n$ h" ,o(ile +hone$ connec o i (y

$e"rching for cell$ in he i,,e!i" e -icini y) There "re fi-e !ifferen cell $iKe$ in " GSM ne %or'T,"cro& ,icro& 1ico& "n! fe, o "n! *,(rell" cell$) The co-er"ge "re" of e"ch cell -"rie$ "ccor!ing o he i,+le,en " ion en-iron,en ) M"cro cell$ c"n (e reg"r!e! "$ cell$ %here he B"$e $ " ion "n enn" i$ in$ "lle! on " ,"$ or " (*il!ing "(o-e "-er"ge roof o+ le-el) Micro cell$ "re cell$ %ho$e "n enn" heigh i$ *n!er "-er"ge roof o+ le-elC hey "re y+ic"lly *$e! in *r("n "re"$) 1ico cell$ "re $,"ll cell$ %ho$e co-er"ge !i",e er i$ " fe%

!oKen ,e er$C hey "re ,"inly *$e! in!oor$) He, o cell$ "re cell$ !e$igne! for *$e in re$i!en i"l or $,"ll (*$ine$$ en-iron,en $ "n! connec o he $er-ice +ro-i!er#$ ne %or' -i" " (ro"!("n! in erne connec ion) U,(rell" cell$ "re *$e! o co-er $h"!o%e! region$ of $,"ller cell$ "n! fill in g"+$ in co-er"ge (e %een ho$e cell$) Cell horiKon "l r"!i*$ -"rie$ !e+en!ing on "n enn" heigh & "n enn" g"in "n! +ro+"g" ion con!i ion$ fro, " co*+le of h*n!re! ,e er$ o $e-er"l en$ of 'ilo,e er$) The longe$ !i$ "nce he GSM $+ecific" ion $*++or $ in +r"c ic"l *$e i$ B4 'ilo,e er$ 755 ,i8) There "re "l$o $e-er"l i,+le,en " ion$ of he conce+ of "n e6 en!e! cell& %here he cell
DRK College of Engineering & Technology G2

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

r"!i*$ co*l! (e !o*(le or e-en ,ore& !e+en!ing on he "n enn" $y$ e,& he y+e of err"in "n! he i,ing "!-"nce) In!oor co-er"ge i$ "l$o $*++or e! (y GSM "n! ,"y (e "chie-e! (y *$ing "n in!oor +icocell ("$e $ " ion& or "n in!oor re+e" er %i h !i$ ri(* e! in!oor "n enn"$ fe! hro*gh +o%er $+li er$& o !eli-er he r"!io $ign"l$ fro, "n "n enn" o* !oor$ o he $e+"r" e in!oor !i$ ri(* e! "n enn" $y$ e,) The$e "re y+ic"lly !e+loye! %hen " lo of c"ll c"+"ci y i$ nee!e! in!oor$C for e6",+le& in $ho++ing cen er$ or "ir+or $) Ho%e-er& hi$ i$ no " +rere.*i$i e& $ince in!oor co-er"ge i$ "l$o +ro-i!e! (y in0(*il!ing +ene r" ion of he r"!io $ign"l$ fro, "ny ne"r(y cell) The ,o!*l" ion *$e! in GSM i$ G"*$$i"n ,ini,*,0$hif 'eying 7GMSK8& " 'in! of con in*o*$0+h"$e fre.*ency $hif 'eying) IN GMSK& he $ign"l o (e ,o!*l" e! on o he c"rrier i$ fir$ $,oo he! %i h " G"*$$i"n lo%0+"$$ fil er +rior o (eing fe! o " fre.*ency ,o!*l" or& %hich gre" ly re!*ce$ he in erference o neigh(oring ch"nnel$)

2.%.*.2 G&+ carrier !re=uencie#5 !re=uenc$ band#: GSM ne %or'$ o+er" e in " n*,(er of !ifferen c"rrier fre.*ency r"nge$ 7$e+"r" e! in o GSM fre.*ency r"nge$ for 5G "n! UMTS fre.*ency ("n!$ for BG8& %i h ,o$ 5G GSM ne %or'$ o+er" ing in he 3<< MHK or 12<< MHK ("n!$) Where he$e ("n!$ %ere "lre"!y "lloc" e!& he 24< MHK "n! 13<< MHK ("n!$ %ere *$e! in$ e"! 7for e6",+le in C"n"!" "n! he Uni e! S " e$8) In r"re c"$e$ he G<< "n! G4< MHK fre.*ency ("n!$ "re "$$igne! in $o,e co*n rie$ (ec"*$e hey %ere +re-io*$ly *$e! for fir$ 0gener" ion $y$ e,$) Mo$ BG ne %or'$ in E*ro+e o+er" e in he 51<< MHK fre.*ency ("n!) Reg"r!le$$ of he fre.*ency $elec e! (y "n o+er" or& i i$ !i-i!e! in o i,e $lo $ for in!i-i!*"l +hone$ o *$e)

Thi$ "llo%$ eigh f*ll0r" e or $i6 een h"lf0r" e $+eech ch"nnel$ +er r"!io fre.*ency) The$e eigh r"!io i,e $lo $ 7or eigh (*r$ +erio!$8 "re gro*+e! in o " TDMA fr",e) H"lf r" e ch"nnel$ *$e "l ern" e fr",e$ in he $",e i,e $lo ) The ch"nnel !" " r" e for "ll 2
DRK College of Engineering & Technology G3

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

ch"nnel$ i$ 5J<)2BB '(i 9$& "n! he fr",e !*r" ion i$ G)I14 ,$) The r"n$,i$$ion +o%er in he h"n!$e i$ li,i e! o " ,"6i,*, of 5 %" $ in GSM24<93<< "n! 1 %" in GSM12<<913<<) 2.%.*.% G&+ Net)or. #tructure:

Hig 5)5JD GSM Ne %or' S r*c *re

The ne %or' i$ $ r*c *re! in o " n*,(er of !i$cre e $ec ion$D The B"$e S " ion S*($y$ e, 7 he ("$e $ " ion$ "n! heir con roller$8) The Ne %or' "n! S%i ching S*($y$ e, 7 he +"r of he ne %or' ,o$ $i,il"r o " fi6e! ne %or'8) Thi$ i$ $o,e i,e$ "l$o /*$ c"lle! he core ne %or') The G1RS Core Ne %or' 7 he o+ ion"l +"r %hich "llo%$ +"c'e ("$e! In erne connec ion$8)

2.%.*.( &ub#criber Identit$ +odule 8&I+7: One of he 'ey fe" *re$ of GSM i$ he S*($cri(er I!en i y Mo!*le& co,,only 'no%n "$ " SIM c"r!) The SIM i$ " !e "ch"(le $,"r c"r! con "ining he *$erZ$ $*($cri+ ion infor," ion "n! +hone (oo') Thi$ "llo%$ he *$er o re "in hi$ or her infor," ion "f er $%i ching h"n!$e $) Al ern" i-ely& he *$er c"n "l$o ch"nge o+er" or$ %hile re "ining he h"n!$e $i,+ly (y ch"nging he SIM) So,e o+er" or$ %ill (loc' hi$ (y "llo%ing he +hone o *$e only " $ingle SIM& or only " SIM i$$*e! (y he,C hi$ +r"c ice i$ 'no%n "$ SIM loc'ing)
DRK College of Engineering & Technology 4<

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

So,e i,e$ ,o(ile ne %or' o+er" or$ re$ ric h"n!$e $ h" hey $ell for *$e %i h heir o%n ne %or') Thi$ i$ c"lle! loc'ing "n! i$ i,+le,en e! (y " $of %"re fe" *re of he +hone) Bec"*$e he +*rch"$e +rice of he ,o(ile +hone o he con$*,er i$ y+ic"lly $*($i!iKe! %i h re-en*e fro, $*($cri+ ion$& o+er" or$ ,*$ reco*+ hi$ in-e$ ,en (efore " $*($cri(er er,in" e$ $er-ice) A $*($cri(er ,"y *$*"lly con "c he +ro-i!er o re,o-e he loc' for " fee& * iliKe +ri-" e $er-ice$ o re,o-e he loc'& or ,"'e *$e of free or fee0("$e! $of %"re "n! %e( $i e$ o *nloc' he h"n!$e he,$el-e$) 2.%.*.* G&+ &er ice# G G&+ &ecurit$: Hro, he (eginning& he +l"nner$ of GSM %"n e! ISDN co,+" i(ili y in er,$ of he $er-ice$ offere! "n! he con rol $ign"ling *$e!) Ho%e-er& r"!io r"n$,i$$ion li,i " ion$& in er,$ of ("n!%i! h "n! co$ & !o no "llo% he $ "n!"r! ISDN B0ch"nnel (i r" e of IG '(+$ o (e +r"c ic"lly "chie-e!) U$ing he ITU0T !efini ion$& eleco,,*nic" ion $er-ice$ c"n (e !i-i!e! in o (e"rer $er-ice$& ele$er-ice$& "n! $*++le,en "ry $er-ice$) The ,o$ ("$ic ele$er-ice $*++or e! (y GSM i$ ele+hony) A$ %i h "ll o her co,,*nic" ion$& $+eech i$ !igi "lly enco!e! "n! r"n$,i e! hro*gh he GSM ne %or' "$ " !igi "l $ re",) There i$ "l$o "n e,ergency $er-ice& %here he ne"re$ e,ergency0$er-ice +ro-i!er i$ no ifie! (y !i"ling hree !igi $ 7$i,il"r o 3118) A -"rie y of !" " $er-ice$ i$ offere!) GSM *$er$ c"n $en! "n! recei-e !" "& " r" e$ *+ o 3I<< (+$& o *$er$ on 1OTS 71l"in Ol! Tele+hone Ser-ice8& ISDN& 1"c'e S%i che! 1*(lic D" " Ne %or'$& "n! Circ*i S%i che! 1*(lic D" " Ne %or'$ *$ing " -"rie y of "cce$$ ,e ho!$ "n! +ro ocol$& $*ch "$ M)54 or M)B5) Since GSM i$ " !igi "l ne %or'& " ,o!e, i$ no re.*ire! (e %een he *$er "n! GSM ne %or'& "l ho*gh "n "*!io ,o!e, i$ re.*ire! in$i!e he GSM ne %or' o in er%or' %i h 1OTS) O her !" " $er-ice$ incl*!e Gro*+ B f"c$i,ile& "$ !e$cri(e! in ITU0T reco,,en!" ion T)B<& %hich i$ $*++or e! (y *$e of "n "++ro+ri" e f"6 "!"+ or) A *ni.*e fe" *re of GSM& no fo*n! in ol!er "n"log $y$ e,$& i$ he Shor Me$$"ge Ser-ice 7SMS8) SMS i$ " (i0!irec ion"l $er-ice for $hor "l+h"n*,eric 7*+ o1I< (y e$8 Me$$"ge$) Me$$"ge$ "re r"n$+or e! in " $ ore0"n!0for%"r! f"$hion) Hor +oin 0 o0+oin SMS&
DRK College of Engineering & Technology 41

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

" ,e$$"ge c"n (e $en

o "no her $*($cri(er

he $er-ice& "n! "n of recei+

"c'no%le!ge,en i$ +ro-i!e! o he $en!er) SMS c"n "l$o (e *$e! in " cell0(ro"!c"$ ,o!e&

for $en!ing ,e$$"ge$ $*ch "$ r"ffic *+!" e$ or ne%$ *+!" e$) Me$$"ge$ c"n "l$o (e $ ore! in he SIM c"r! for l" er re rie-"l) S*++le,en "ry $er-ice$ "re +ro-i!e! on o+ of ele $er-ice$ or (e"rer $er-ice$) In he c*rren 71h"$e I8 $+ecific" ion$& hey incl*!e $e-er"l for,$ of c"ll for%"r! 7$*ch "$ c"ll for%"r!ing %hen he ,o(ile $*($cri(er i$ *nre"ch"(le (y he ne %or'8& "n! c"ll ("rring of o* going or inco,ing c"ll$& for e6",+le %hen ro",ing in "no her co*n ry) M"ny "!!i ion"l $*++le,en "ry $er-ice$ %ill (e +ro-i!e! in he $+ecific" ion$& $*ch "$ c"ller i!en ific" ion& c"ll %"i ing& ,*l i0+"r y con-er$" ion$)

G&+ Inter!acin/:

Inter!acin/ )it" PC: The GSM ,o!e, con$i$ $ of " SIMCOMB<< GSM ,o!*le %hich i$ in erf"ce! %i h he MAM5B5 le-el con-er er %i h DB3 connec or) The ,o!e, "n! he 1C c"n (e connec e! *$ing DB3 !" " c"(le -i" $eri"l +or of he 1C) The ,o!e, c"n (e e$ e! (y connec ing %i h 1C "n! $en!ing AT co,,"n!$ "n! no ifying ho% i re$+on!$ o AT0Co,,"n!$) Wi h he ,o!e,& o+en " er,in"l "++lic" ion) Co,,*nic" ion $e ing$ $ho*l! (e fo*n! in he ,o!e, !" "$hee ) In o*r "++lic" ion %e re.*ire! he $e ing$ of 3I<< B"*!0r" e& 2 D" "0(i $& None01"ri y& 1 S o+0(i "n! H"r!%"re Hlo% con rol "$ $ho%n in (elo% fig*re) No% he connec e! $y$ e, $ho*l! en"(le $en!ing AT0Co,,"n!$ fro, he er,in"l %in!o%) Te$ %i h :AT; o -erify hi$)

DRK College of Engineering & Technology

45

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

Hig 5)52D GSM In erf"cing

Ad anta/e# G U#e# o! G&+: 1) Ro",ing %i h GSM +hone$ i$ " ,"/or "!-"n "ge o-er he co,+e ing echnology "$ ro",ing "cro$$ CDMA ne %or'$) 5) Ano her ,"/or re"$on for he gro% h in GSM *$"ge& +"r ic*l"rly (e %een 1332 o 5<<5& %"$ he "-"il"(ili y of +re+"i! c"lling fro, ,o(ile +hone o+er" or$) Thi$ "llo%$ +eo+le %ho "re ei her *n"(le or *n%illing o en er in o " con r"c %i h "n o+er" or o h"-e ,o(ile +hone$) 1re+"i! "l$o en"(le! he r"+i! e6+"n$ion of GSM in ,"ny !e-elo+ing co*n rie$ %here l"rge $ec ion$ of he +o+*l" ion !o no h"-e "cce$$ o ("n'$ or ("n' "cco*n $ "n! co*n rie$ %here here "re no effec i-e cre!i r" ing "gencie$) 7In he USA& $ "r ing " non0+re+"i! con r"c %i h " cell*l"r +hone o+er" or i$ "l,o$ "l%"y$ $*(/ec o cre!i -erific" ion hro*gh +er$on"l infor," ion +ro-i!e! (y cre!i r" ing "gencie$8) B) The "rchi ec *re of GSM "llo%$ for r"+i! flo% of infor," ion (y -oice or !" " ,e$$"ging 7SMS8) U$er$ no% h"-e "cce$$ o ,ore infor," ion& %he her +er$on"l& echnic"l& econo,ic or +oli ic"l& ,ore .*ic'ly h"n %"$ +o$$i(le (efore he glo("l +re$ence of GSM) E-en re,o e co,,*ni ie$ "re "(le o in egr" e in o ne %or'$ 7$o,e i,e$ glo("l8 here(y ,"'ing infor," ion& 'no%le!ge "n! c*l *re "cce$$i(le& in heory& o "nyone) G) One of he ,o$ "++e"ling "$+ec $ of %irele$$ co,,*nic" ion$ i$ i $ ,o(ili y) M*ch of he $*cce$$ of GSM i$ !*e o i $ ,o(ili y ,"n"ge,en & offering *$er$ he free!o, "n! con-enience o con!*c (*$ine$$ fro, "l,o$ "ny%here " "ny i,e)
DRK College of Engineering & Technology 4B

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

4) GSM h"$ (een he c" "ly$ in he re,en!o*$ $hif in r"ffic -ol*,e fro, fi6e! ne %or'$ o ,o(ile ne %or'$) Thi$ h"$ re$*l e! in he e,ergence of " ,o(ile +"r"!ig,& %here(y he ,o(ile +hone h"$ (eco,e he fir$ choice of +er$on"l +hone) I) Higher !igi "l -oice .*"li y) J) >o% co$ "l ern" i-e$ o ,"'ing c"ll $*ch " e6 ,e$$"ging) U&E& O1 G&+: U$e$ encry+ ion o ,"'e +hone c"ll$ ,ore $ec*re D" " ne %or'ing Gro*+ III f"c$i,ile $er-ice$ Shor Me$$"ge Ser-ice 7SMS8 for e6 ,e$$"ge$ "n! +"ging

C"ll for%"r!ing C"ller ID U C"ll %"i ing) M*l i0+"r y conferencing

Af er " fe% *r(*len ye"r$ for he in!*$ ry& %e highligh $o,e of he 'ey f"c or$ %e -ie% "$ cri ic"l for he con in*e! $*cce$$ of GSM) The$e incl*!eD En"(ling con-ergence %i h o her %irele$$ echnologie$ De-elo+ing Mo(ile Cen ric A++lic" ion$ E-ol-ing he ,o(ile (*$ine$$ ,o!el Mo(ile er,in"l enh"nce,en $ "n! -"rie y Ho$ ering in!*$ ry +"r ner$hi+$ "n! co0o+er" ion$
4G

DRK College of Engineering & Technology

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

In ero+er"(ili y "n! In er0gener" ion"l ro",ing (e %een -"rio*$ +l" for,$.

G&+ ATA Co00and#:

When " ,o!e, i$ connec e! o "ny !e-ice 7co,+* er& f"6& e c)&8 %e nee! AT co,,"n!$ o !irec he ,o!e, for i $ o+er" ion$) B"$ic"lly %e $en! co,,"n!$ !irec ly o he ,o!e, "f er "c i-" ing Ter,in"l ,o!e) Thi$ ,o!e i$ "l$o c"lle! "$ loc"l ,o!e or !irec ,o!e) A+"r fro, he ("$ic AT co,,"n!$& o $en! he SMS ,e$$"ge& i i$ re.*ire! o h"-e $o,e $+eci"l AT co,,"n!$) The ("$ic reg*l"rly *$e! AT co,,"n!$ "long %i h he SMS AT co,,"n!$ "re !i$c*$$e! (elo%) T"e AT Co00and 1or0at: In$ r*c ion$ $en o he ,o!e, "re referre! "$ AT co,,"n!$ (ec"*$e hey "re "l%"y$ +rece!e! (y " +refi6 AT h" "re *$e! o ge he " en ion of he ,o!e, `AT_ `COMMAND_ aArg*,en baRnb `en er_ AT 0 " en ion co!e Co,,"n! 0 Arg*,en 0 Rn " co,,"n! con$i$ $ of one le er O+ ion"l infor," ion h" f*r her !efine$ he co,,"n!

0 *$e! %hen $e ing " regi$ er

Ao* ,"y $ ring co,,"n!$ oge her in one co,,"n! line "$ long "$ he o "l leng h of co,,"n! !oe$ no e6cee! IB (y e$ ) The " en ion co!e& AT& i$ only re.*ire! " he (eginning of he co,,"n! line) A9& === "re he only %o co,,"n!$ %hich "re no +rece!e! (y AT) U#in/ AT Co00and#

DRK College of Engineering & Technology

44

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

When i$$*e! o he f"6 ,o!e,& AT co,,"n!$ !irec he f"6 ,o!e, o !i"l& "n$%er& h"ng *+& "n! o +erfor, ,"ny o her co,,*nic" ion "$'$) So,e of he ,o$ co,,only *$e! co,,"n!$ "reD AT 7A en ion8D Thi$ i$ he co,,"n! line +refi6) 7All he co,,"n!$ li$ e!& e6ce+ A5 "n! HH H& ,*$ (e +rece!e! (y he co,,"n! AT8) A An$%er "n inco,ing c"ll D Di"l he follo%ing +hone n*,(er E T*rn echo OHH H H"ng *+ O Re *rn o on0line $ " e I Re$e he ,o!e, o he -"l*e$ $ ore! in he N)N) R", HHH Re *rn o he Co,,"n! S " e A5 Re+e" l"$ co,,"n! 7Do no +rece!e hi$ co,,"n! %i h AT or follo% i %i h `En er_8) Re=ue#t re i#ion identi!ication HCG+R De$cri+ ionD Thi$ co,,"n! i$ *$e! o ge he re-i$e! $of %"re -er$ion)

Pre!erred +e##a/e &tora/e HCP+& De#cri'tionD Thi$ co,,"n! "llo%$ he ,e$$"ge $ or"ge "re" o (e $elec e! 7for re"!ing& %ri ing& e c8) Syn "6D

DRK College of Engineering & Technology

4I

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

Define! -"l*e$D `,e,1_D Me,ory *$e! o li$ & re"! "n! !ele e ,e$$"ge$) I c"n (eD A J&+K A J,+K D SMS ,e$$"ge $ or"ge in SIM 7!ef"*l 8 D CBM ,e$$"ge $ or"ge 7in -ol" ile ,e,ory8)

A J&RK

D S " *$ Re+or ,e$$"ge $ or"ge 7in SIM if he EH0SMR file e6i$ $& o her%i$e

in he ME non -ol" ile ,e,ory8)

DRK College of Engineering & Technology

4J

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

No eD :SR; ME non -ol" ile ,e,ory i$ cle"re! %hen "no her SIM c"r! i$ in$er e!) I i$ 'e+ & e-en "f er " re$e & %hile he $",e SIM c"r! i$ *$e!) `0e02_ A J&+K D Me,ory *$e! o %ri e "n! $en! ,e$$"ge$ D SMS ,e$$"ge $ or"ge in SIM 7!ef"*l 8)

If he co,,"n! i$ correc & he follo%ing ,e$$"ge in!ic" ion i$ $en D =C1MSD `*$e!1_& ` o "l1_& `*$e!5_& ` o "l5_ When `,e,1_ i$ $elec e!& "ll follo%ing =CMG>& =CMGR "n! =CMGD co,,"n!$ "re rel" e! o he y+e of SMS $ ore! in hi$ ,e,ory)

Pre!erred +e##a/e 1or0at HC+G1 De#cri'tion: The ,e$$"ge for," $ $*++or e! "re e6 ,o!e "n! 1DU ,o!e) In 1DU ,o!e& " co,+le e SMS Me$$"ge incl*!ing "ll he"!er infor," ion i$ gi-en "$ " (in"ry $ ring 7in he6"!eci,"l for," 8)Therefore& only he follo%ing $e of ch"r"c er$ i$ "llo%e!D ac<#&#1#&#5#&#B#&#G#&#4#&#I#&#J#&#2#&#3#& cA#& cB#&#C#&#D#&#E#&#H#b) E"ch +"ir or ch"r"c er i$ con-er e! o " (y e 7e)g)D cG1# i$ con-er e! o he ASCII ch"r"c er cA#& %ho$e ASCII co!e i$ <6G1 or I48) In Te6 ,o!e& "ll co,,"n!$ "n! re$+on$e$ "re in ASCII ch"r"c er$) The for," $elec e! i$ $ ore! in EE1ROM (y he =CSAS co,,"n!) &$ntaF:

DRK College of Engineering & Technology

42

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

E6",+le& $en!ing "n SMS Me$$"ge in 1DU ,o!e

Define! -"l*e$D The `+!*_ ,e$$"ge i$ co,+o$e! of he SC "!!re$$ 7d << ,e"n$ no SC "!!re$$ gi-en& *$e !ef"*l SC "!!re$$ re"! %i h =CSCA co,,"n!8 "n! he T1DU ,e$$"ge) In hi$ e6",+le& he leng h of oc e $ of he T1DU (*ffer i$ 1G& co!e! "$ GSM <B)G< In hi$ c"$e he T1DU i$ D <6<1 <6<B <6<I <631 <651 <6GB <6I4 <6<< <6<< <6<G <6C3 <6E3 <6BG <6<B& %hich ,e"n$ reg"r!ing GSM <B)G< D

`!o_ `0r_ 7T1 T10MR8 `da_ 7T1 T10DA8 `'id_ 7T1 T101ID8

<6<1 7SMS0SUBMIT& no -"li!i y +erio!8 <6<B 7Me$$"ge Reference8 <6<I <631 <651 <6GB <6I4 7!e$ in" ion "!!re$$ =15BG4I8 <6<< 71ro ocol I!en ifier8
43

DRK College of Engineering & Technology

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

`dc#_ 7T1 T10DCS8 `len/t"_ 7T1 T10UD>8 TPAUD

<6<< 7D" " Co!ing Sche,eD J (i $ "l+h"(e 8 <6<G 7U$er D" " >eng h& G ch"r"c er$ of e6 8 <6C3 <6E3 <6BG <6<B 7U$er D" "D ISSA8

T1DU in he6"!eci,"l for," ,*$ (e con-er e! in o %o ASCII ch"r"c er$& e)g) oc e %i h he6"!eci,"l -"l*e <65A i$ +re$en e! o he ME "$ %o ch"r"c er$ c5# 7ASCII 4<8 "n! cA# 7ASCII I48)

Read 0e##a/e HC+GR De#cri'tion: Thi$ co,,"n! "llo%$ he "++lic" ion o re"! $ ore! ,e$$"ge$) The ,e$$"ge$ "re re"! fro, he ,e,ory $elec e! (y =C1MS co,,"n!) &$ntaF: Co,,"n! $yn "6D AT=CMGRR`in!e6_ Re$+on$e $yn "6 for e6 ,o!eD =CMGR D` $ " _& `o"_&[`"l+h"_&\ `$c $_ [&` oo"_&`fo_&

`+i!_&`!c$_&`$c"_&` o$c"_&`leng h_\ `CR_`>H_ `!" "_7for SMS MS MS0DE>INER only8 =CMGR D `$ " _&`!"_&[`"l+h"_&\ [&` o!"_&`fo_&`+i!_&`!c$_& [`-+_\& `$c"_& ` o$c"_&`leng h_\`CR_`>H_ `!" "_ 7!or &+&A&U,+IT onl$8 =CMGR D `$ " _&`fo_&`,r_&[`r"_\&[` or"_\&`$c $_&`! _&`$ _ 7for SMS SMS0

STATUS0RE1ORT only8)

DRK College of Engineering & Technology

I<

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

Re$+on$e $yn "6 for 1DU ,o!eD =CMGRD `$ " _& [`"l+h"_\ &`leng h_ `CR_`>H_ `+!*_ A ,e$$"ge re"! %i h $ " *$ :REC UNREAD; %ill (e *+!" e! in ,e,ory %i h he $ " *$ :REC READ;) No eD he `$ " _ +"r",e er for SMS S " *$ Re+or $ i$ "l%"y$ :READ;)

E6",+leD

Ne) 0e##a/e indication HCN+I De$cri+ ionD Thi$ co,,"n! $elec $ he +roce!*re for ,e$$"ge rece+ ion fro, he ne %or')
DRK College of Engineering & Technology I1

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

Syn "6D

Define! -"l*e$D `0ode_ D con rol$ he +roce$$ing of *n$olici e! re$*l co!e$ Onl$ L0odeMN2 i# #u''orted. Any o her -"l*e for `,o!e_ 7<&1 or B8 i$ "cce+ e! 7re *rn co!e %ill (e OK8& (* he +roce$$ing of *n$olici e! re$*l co!e$ %ill (e he $",e "$ %i h`,o!e_R5)`0ode_) <D B*ffer *n$olici e! re$*l co!e$ in he TA) If TA re$*l co!e (*ffer i$ f*ll& in!ic" ion$

c"n (e (*ffere! in $o,e o her +l"ce or he ol!e$ in!ic" ion$ ,"y (e !i$c"r!e! "n! re+l"ce! %i h he ne% recei-e! in!ic" ion$) 1D Di$c"r! in!ic" ion "n! re/ec ne% recei-e! ,e$$"ge *n$olici e! re$*l co!e$ %hen

TA0TE lin' i$ re$er-e!) O her%i$e for%"r! he, !irec ly o he TE) 5D B*ffer *n$olici e! re$*l co!e$ in he TA %hen TA0TE lin' i$ re$er-e! "n! fl*$h he,

o he TE "f er re$er-" ion) O her%i$e for%"r! he, !irec ly o he TE) BD Hor%"r! *n$olici e! re$*l co!e$ !irec ly o he TE) TA0TE lin' $+ecific in("n! *$e!

o E,(e! re$*l co!e$ "n! !" " %hen TA i$ in on0line !" " ,o!e
DRK College of Engineering & Technology I5

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

`0t_ D $e $ he re$*l co!e in!ic" ion ro* ing for SMS0DE>INER$) Def"*l i$ <) `0t_ <D 1D 5D No SMS0DE>INER in!ic" ion$ "re ro* e!) SMS0DE>INER$ "re ro* e! *$ing *n$olici e! co!eD =CMTID :SM;&`in!e6_ SMS0DE>INER$ 7e6ce+ cl"$$ 5 ,e$$"ge$8 "re ro* e! *$ing *n$olici e! co!eD =CMTD

[`"l+h"_&\ `leng h_ `CR_ `>H_ `+!*_ 71DU ,o!e8 or =CMT D `o"_&[`"l+h"_&\ `$c $_

[& ` oo"_& `fo_& `+i!_& `!c$_& `$c"_& ` o$c"_& `leng h_\ `CR_`>H_`!" "_ 7 e6 ,o!e8 BD Cl"$$ B SMS0DE>INERS "re ro* e! !irec ly *$ing co!e in `, _R5C

Me$$"ge of o her cl"$$e$ re$*l in in!ic" ion `, _R1 `b0_D $e he r*le$ for $ oring recei-e! CBM$ 7Cell Bro"!c"$ Me$$"ge8 y+e$ !e+en! on i $ co!ing $che,e& he $e ing of Selec CBM Ty+e$ 7=CSCB co,,"n!8 "n! `(,_)Def"*l i$ <) `b0_ <D 1D No CBM in!ic" ion$ "re ro* e! o he TE) The CBM$ "re $ ore!) The CBM i$ $ ore! "n! "n in!ic" ion of he ,e,ory loc" ion i$ ro* e! o he

c*$ o,er "++lic" ion *$ing *n$olici e! re$*l co!eD =CBMID :BM;& `in!e6_ 5D Ne% CBM$ "re ro* e! !irec ly o he TE *$ing *n$olici e! re$*l co!e)

=CBMD `leng h_`CR_`>H_`+!*_ 71DU ,o!e8 or =CBM D`$n_&`,i!_&`!c$_&`+"ge_&`+"ge$_7Te6 ,o!e8 `CR_`>H_ `!" "_ BD Cl"$$ B CBM$D "$ `(,_R5) O her cl"$$e$ CBM$D "$ `(,_R1)

`d#_ for SMS0STATUS0RE1ORT$) Def"*l i$ <)

DRK College of Engineering & Technology IB

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

`d#_ <D 1D ,o!e8 5D SMS0STATUS0RE1ORT$ "re $ ore! "n! ro* e! *$ing he *n$olici e! re$*l co!e D =CDSID :SR;&`in!e6_ `b!r_ Def"*l i$ <) `b!r_ <D TA (*ffer of *n$olici e! re$*l co!e$ !efine! %i hin hi$ co,,"n! i$ fl*$he! o he No SMS0STATUS0RE1ORT$ "re ro* e!) SMS0STATUS0RE1ORT$ "re ro* e! *$ing *n$olici e! co!eD =CDS D `leng h_ `CR_

`>H_ `+!*_ 71DU ,o!e8 or =CDS D `fo_&`,r_& [`r"_\& [` or"_\& `$c $_&`! _&`$ _ 7Te6

TE %hen `,o!e_ 1eB i$ en ere! 7OK re$+on$e $h"ll (e gi-en (efore fl*$hing he co!e$8) 1D TA (*ffer of *n$olici e! re$*l co!e$ !efine! %i hin hi$ co,,"n! i$ cle"re! %hen `0ode_ 1eB i$ en ere!)

2.%.@ ,UIIER:
The +ieKo (*KKer +ro!*ce$ $o*n! ("$e! on re-er$e of he +ieKoelec ric effec ) The gener" ion of +re$$*re -"ri" ion or $ r"in (y he "++lic" ion of elec ric +o en i"l "cro$$ " +ieKoelec ric ," eri"l i$ he *n!erlying +rinci+le) The$e (*KKer$ c"n (e *$e! "ler " *$er of "n e-en corre$+on!ing o " $%i ching "c ion& co*n er $ign"l or $en$or in+* ) They "re "l$o *$e! in "l"r, circ*i $) The (*KKer +ro!*ce$ " $",e noi$y $o*n! irre$+ec i-e of he -ol "ge -"ri" ion "++lie! o i ) I con$i$ $ of +ieKo cry$ "l$ (e %een %o con!*c or$) When " +o en i"l i$ "++lie! "cro$$ he$e cry$ "l$& hey +*$h on one con!*c or "n! +*ll on he o her) Thi$& +*$h "n! +*ll "c ion& re$*l $ in " $o*n! %"-e) Mo$ (*KKer$ +ro!*ce $o*n! in he r"nge of 5 o G 'HK) The Re! le"! i$ connec e! o he In+* "n! he Bl"c' le"! i$ connec e! o Gro*n!)

DRK College of Engineering & Technology

IG

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

Pin Dia/ra0:

Hig 5)53D 1in Di"gr", of B*KKer

Princi'le o! o'eration:

De+en!ing on ho% " +ieKoelec ric ," eri"l i$ c* & hree ,"in ,o!e$ of o+er" ion c"n (e !i$ ing*i$he!D r"n$-er$e& longi *!in"l& "n! $he"r)

Tran# er#e e!!ect: A force i$ "++lie! "long " ne* r"l "6i$ 7y8 "n! he ch"rge$ "re gener" e! "long he 768 !irec ion& +er+en!ic*l"r o he line of force) The ",o*n of ch"rge !e+en!$ on he geo,e ric"l !i,en$ion$ of he re$+ec i-e +ieKoelec ric ele,en ) When !i,en$ion$ "& (& c "++ly& C6 R !6yHy( 9 "&

DRK College of Engineering & Technology

I4

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

Where c"# i$ he !i,en$ion in line %i h he ne* r"l "6i$& c(# i$ in line %i h he ch"rge gener" ing "6i$ "n!c!# i$ he corre$+on!ing +ieKoelec ric coefficien )

4on/itudinal e!!ect: The ",o*n of ch"rge +ro!*ce! i$ $ ric ly +ro+or ion"l o he "++lie! force "n! i$ in!e+en!en of $iKe "n! $h"+e of he +ieKoelec ric ele,en ) U$ing $e-er"l ele,en $ h" "re ,ech"nic"lly in $erie$ "n! elec ric"lly in +"r"llel i$ he only %"y o incre"$e he ch"rge o* +* ) The re$*l ing ch"rge i$ C6 R !66H6n&

Where c!66# i$ he +ieKoelec ric coefficien for " ch"rge in 60!irec ion rele"$e! (y force$ "++lie! "long 60!irec ion 7in +C9N8) cH6# i$ he "++lie! Horce in 60!irec ion [N\ "n! cn# corre$+on!$ o he n*,(er of $ "c'e! ele,en $)

&"ear e!!ect: Ag"in& he ch"rge$ +ro!*ce! "re $ ric ly +ro+or ion"l o he "++lie! force$ "n! "re in!e+en!en of he ele,en #$ $iKe "n! $h"+e) Hor n ele,en $ ,ech"nic"lly in $erie$ "n! elec ric"lly in +"r"llel he ch"rge i$ In con r"$ C6 R 5!66H6n)

o he longi *!in"l "n! $he"r effec $& he r"n$-er$e effec o+en$ he

+o$$i(ili y o fine0 *ne $en$i i-i y on he force "++lie! "n! he ele,en !i,en$ion)

Electrical 'ro'ertie#:

Hig Elec ronic Mo!el of "

5)B<D Sche," ic $y,(ol "n! 1ieKoelec ric Sen$or)

A -ery high DC o* +*
DRK College of Engineering & Technology II

+ieKoelec ric r"n$!*cer h"$ i,+e!"nce "n! c"n (e

,o!ele! "$ " +ro+or ion"l -ol "ge $o*rce "n! fil er ne %or') The -ol "ge N " he $o*rce i$

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

!irec ly +ro+or ion"l o he "++lie! force& +re$$*re& or $ r"in) The o* +* $ign"l i$ hen rel" e! o hi$ ,ech"nic"l force "$ if i h"! +"$$e! hro*gh he e.*i-"len circ*i ) A !e "ile! ,o!el incl*!e$ he effec $ of he $en$orZ$ ,ech"nic"l con$ r*c ion "n! o her non0i!e"li ie$) The in!*c "nce >, i$ !*e o he $ei$,ic ,"$$ "n! iner i" of he $en$or i $elf) Ce i$ in-er$ely +ro+or ion"l o he ,ech"nic"l el"$ ici y of he $en$or) C< re+re$en $ he $ " ic c"+"ci "nce of he r"n$!*cer& re$*l ing fro, "n iner i"l ,"$$ of infini e $iKe) Ri i$ he in$*l" ion le"'"ge re$i$ "nce of he r"n$!*cer ele,en ) If he $en$or i$ connec e! o " lo"! re$i$ "nce& hi$ "l$o "c $ in +"r"llel %i h he in$*l" ion re$i$ "nce& (o h incre"$ing he high0 +"$$ c* off fre.*ency)

Hor *$e "$ " $en$or& he fl" region of he fre.*ency re$+on$e +lo i$ y+ic"lly *$e!& (e %een he high0+"$$ c* off "n! he re$on"n +e"') The lo"! "n! le"'"ge re$i$ "nce nee! o (e l"rge eno*gh h" lo% fre.*encie$ of in ere$ "re no lo$ ) A $i,+lifie! e.*i-"len circ*i ,o!el c"n (e *$e! in hi$ region& in %hich C$ re+re$en $ he c"+"ci "nce of he $en$or $*rf"ce i $elf& !e er,ine! (y he $ "n!"r! for,*l" for c"+"ci "nce of +"r"llel +l" e$) I c"n "l$o (e ,o!ele! "$ " ch"rge $o*rce in +"r"llel %i h he $o*rce c"+"ci "nce& %i h he ch"rge !irec ly +ro+or ion"l o he "++lie! force& "$ "(o-e)

Hig 5)B1D In he fl" region& he $en$or c"n (e ,o!ele! "$ " -ol "ge $o*rce in $erie$ %i h he $en$orZ$ c"+"ci "nce or " ch"rge $o*rce in +"r"llel %i h he c"+"ci "nce

DRK College of Engineering & Technology

IJ

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

2.%.; EFternal EEPRO+ 0e0or$ 8<%A(%*7:

The$e ,e,ory !e-ice$ "re *$e! o $ ore he !" " for off line +roce$$) The AT5GCIG +ro-i!e$ I4&4BI (i $ of $eri"l elec ric"lly er"$"(le "n! +rogr",,"(le re"! only ,e,ory 7EE1ROM8 org"niKe! "$ 2135 %or!$ of 2 (i $ e"ch) The !e-ice i$ o+ i,iKe! for *$e in ,"ny in!*$ ri"l "n! co,,erci"l "++lic" ion$ %here lo% +o%er "n! lo% -ol "ge o+er" ion "re e$$en i"l) The AT5GCIGi$ "-"il"(le in $+"ce $"-ing 20+in 1DI1) The AT5GCB59IG +ro-i!e$ B5&JI29I4&4BI (i $ of $eri"l elec ric"lly er"$"(le "n! +rogr",,"(le re"! only ,e,ory 7EE1ROM8 org"niKe! "$ G<3I92135 %or!$ of 2 (i $ e"ch) The !e-ice#$ c"$c"!"(le fe" *re "llo%$ *+ o 2 !e-ice$ o $h"re " co,,on 50%ire (*$) The !e-ice i$ o+ i,iKe! for *$e in ,"ny in!*$ ri"l "n! co,,erci"l "++lic" ion$ %here lo% +o%er "n! lo% -ol "ge o+er" ion "re e$$en i"l)

The AT5GCB59IG i$ "-"il"(le in $+"ce $"-ing 20+in @EDEC 1DI1& 20+in @EDEC SOIC& 20+in EIA@ SOIC& "n! 20+in TSSO1 7AT5GCIG8 +"c'"ge$ "n! i$ "cce$$e! -i" " 50%ire $eri"l in erf"ce) In "!!i ion& he en ire f",ily i$ "-"il"(le in 5)JN 75)JN o 4)4N8 "n! 1)2N 71)2N o 4)4N8 -er$ion$) 1eature#:

>o%0Nol "ge "n! S "n!"r!0Nol "ge O+er" ion

5)J 7NCC R 5)JN o 4)4N8

I2

DRK College of Engineering & Technology

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

1)2 7NCC R 1)2N o 4)4N8

>o%01o%er De-ice$ 7ISB R 5 gA " 4)4N8 A-"il"(le

In ern"lly Org"niKe! G<3I 6 2& 2135 6 2

50Wire Seri"l In erf"ce

Sch,i Trigger& Hil ere! In+* $ for Noi$e S*++re$$ion

Bi!irec ion"l D" " Tr"n$fer 1ro ocol

1<< 'HK 71)2N& 5)4N& 5)JN8 "n! G<< 'HK 74N8 Cloc' R" e

Wri e 1ro ec 1in for H"r!%"re D" " 1ro ec ion

DRK College of Engineering & Technology

I3

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

B50By e 1"ge Wri e Mo!e 71"r i"l 1"ge Wri e$ Allo%e!8

Self0Ti,e! Wri e Cycle 71< ,$ ,"68

High Reli"(ili y

En!*r"nceD 1 Million Wri e Cycle$

D" " Re en ionD 1<< Ae"r$

A* o,o i-e Gr"!e "n! E6 en!e! Te,+er" *re De-ice$ A-"il"(le

201in @EDEC 1DI1

DRK College of Engineering & Technology

J<

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

PIN Dia/ra0:

Hig 5)B5D 1in Di"gr", of EE1ROM

PIN Con!i/uration:

Hig 5)BBD 1in Config*r" ion of EE1ROM

Pin De#cri'tion:

&ERIA4 C4OCE 8&C47:

The SC> in+* i$ *$e! o +o$i i-e e!ge cloc' !" " in o e"ch EE1ROM !e-ice "n! neg" i-e e!ge cloc' !" " o* of e"ch !e-ice)

&ERIA4 DATA 8&DA7:

The SDA +in i$ (i!irec ion"l for $eri"l !" " r"n$fer) Thi$ +in i$ O+en0!r"in !ri-en "n! ,"y (e %ire0ORe! %i h "ny n*,(er of o her o+en0!r"in or o+en collec or !e-ice$)
DRK College of Engineering & Technology J1

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

DE2ICE5PAGE ADDRE&&E& 8A2: A1: and A37:

The A5& A1 "n! A< +in$ "re !e-ice "!!re$$ in+* $ h" "re h"r! %ire! or lef no connec e! for h"r!%"re co,+" i(ili y %i h AT5GC1I) When he +in$ "re h"r!%ire!& "$ ,"ny "$ eigh B5K9IGK !e-ice$ ,"y (e "!!re$$e! on " $ingle (*$ $y$ e, 7!e-ice "!!re$$ing i$ !i$c*$$e! in !e "il *n!er he De-ice A!!re$$ing $ec ion8) When he +in$ "re no h"r!%ire!& he !ef"*l A5& A1& "n! A< "re Kero)

>RITE PROTECT 8>P7:

The %ri e +ro ec in+* & %hen ie! o GND& "llo%$ nor,"l %ri e o+er" ion$) When W1 i$ ie! high o NCC& "ll %ri e o+er" ion$ o he *++er .*"!r"n 7291IK (i $8 of ,e,ory "re inhi(i e!) If lef *nconnec e!& W1 i$ in ern"lly +*lle! !o%n o GND)

De ice O'eration:

C4OCE and DATA TRAN&ITION&:

The SDA +in i$ nor,"lly +*lle! high %i h "n e6 ern"l !e-ice) D" " on he SDA +in ,"y ch"nge only !*ring SC> lo% i,e +erio!$ 7refer o D" " N"li!i y i,ing !i"gr",8) D" " ch"nge$ !*ring SC> high +erio!$ %ill in!ic" e " $ "r or $ o+ con!i ion "$ !efine! (elo%)

&TART CONDITION:

A high0 o0lo% r"n$i ion of SDA %i h SC> high i$ " $ "r con!i ion) Which ,*$ +rece!e "ny o her co,,"n! 7refer o S "r "n! S o+ Defini ion i,ing Di"gr",8)
DRK College of Engineering & Technology J5

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

&TOP CONDITION:

A lo%0 o0high r"n$i ion of SDA %i h SC> high i$ " $ o+ con!i ion) Af er " re"! $e.*ence& he $ o+ co,,"n! %ill +l"ce he EE1ROM in " $ "n!(y +o%er ,o!e 7refer o S "r "n! S o+ Defini ion i,ing !i"gr",8)

ACENO>4EDGE:

All "!!re$$e$ "n! !" " %or!$ "re $eri"lly r"n$,i e! o "n! fro, he EE1ROM in 20 (i %or!$) The EE1ROM $en!$ " Kero !*ring he nin h cloc' cycle o "c'no%le!ge h" i h"$ recei-e! e"ch %or!)
&TAND,- +ODE:

The AT5GCB59IG fe" *re$ " lo% +o%er $ "n!(y ,o!e %hich i$ en"(le!D "8 *+on +o%er0*+ "n! (8 "f er he recei+ of he STO1 (i "n! he co,+le ion of "ny in ern"l o+er" ion$)

+E+OR- RE&ET:

Af er "n in err*+ ion in +ro ocol& +o%er lo$$ or $y$ e, re$e & "ny 50Wire +"r c"n (e re$e (y follo%ing he$e $ e+$D 7"8 Cloc' *+ o 3 cycle$& 7(8 >oo' for SDA high in e"ch cycle %hile SC> i$ high "n! hen 7c8 Cre" e " $ "r con!i ion "$ SDA i$ high)

2.( &O1T>ARE DE&IGN:

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2.(.1Introduction: Sof %"re !e$ign in-ol-e$ re+re$en ing he $of %"re $y$ e, f*nc ion in " for, h" ,"y (e r"n$for,e! in o one or ,ore e6ec* "(le +rogr",$) The $of %"re !e$ign i$ !i-i!e! in o follo%ing $*( +roce$$e$) "8 Archi ec *r"l De$ign (8 H*nc ion Orien e! De$ign a7 Arc"itectural De#i/n: The ini i"l !e$ign +roce$$ of i!en ifying he $*($y$ e,$ "n! e$ "(li$hing he fr",e %or' for $*($y$ e,$ con rol "n! co,,*nic" ion i$ c"lle! Archi ec *r"l De$ign) The o* +* $ of "rchi ec *r"l !e$ign +roce$$ "re n*,(er of gr"+hic"l re+re$en " ion$ of he $y$ e, ,o!el$ "long %i h "$$oci" e! e6 ) I !e$cri(e$ ho% he $y$ e, i$ $ r*c *re! in o $*($y$ e,$ "n! ho% e"ch $*($y$ e, i$ $ r*c *re! in o ,o!*le$) A$ " +"r of "rchi ec *r"l !e$ign +roce$$& follo%ing "c i-i ie$ h"! (een c"rrie! o* ) &$#te0 #tructurin/: Sy$ e, $ r*c *ring !e"l$ %i h !eco,+o$ing " $y$ e, in o " $e of in er"c ing $*($y$ e,$& hi$ co,+ri$e$ of B $y$ e,$) The Sy$ e, $ r*c *ring of hi$ +ro/ec i$ "$ follo%$) Sy$ e, $ r*c *ring Con rol ,o!el

GSM ,o!e,

Microcon roller

Di$+l"y Uni

Hig 5)BGD Sy$ e, S r*c *ring of Sy$ e, U$ing GSM

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Control +odel To %or' "$ " $y$ e,& $*($y$ e,$ ,*$ (e con rolle! "$ h" here $er-ice i$ !eli-ere! o he righ +l"ce " he righ i,e) Con rol ,o!el$ "re concerne! %i h con rol flo% (e %een $*($y$ e,$) Cen r"liKe! con rol ,o!el h"$ (een *$e! o con rol -"rio*$ $*($y$ e,$) The ,icro con roller h"$ (een +rogr",,e! o con rol -"rio*$ no ice (o"r! connec e! o i ) Cen r"liKe! con rol ,o!el i$ e"$y o *n!er$ "n! "n! i,+le,en ) b7 1unction Oriented De#i/n: H*nc ion Orien e! De$ign $ r" egy relie$ on !eco,+o$ing he $y$ e, in o " $e of in er"c ing f*nc ion$ %i h " cen r"liKe! $y$ e, $ " e $h"re! (y he$e f*nc ion$) H*nc ion$ "l$o ,"in "in loc"l $ " e infor," ion (* only for he !*r" ion of heir e6ec* ion) The e6ec* ion !e"l$ %i h "ll he $ "ge$ !e"l$ %i h he ini i"liK" ion of he GSM co,,"n!$ follo%e! (y he r"n$ferring he !" " o ,e$$"ge !i$+l"y (o"r!) Thi$ "c i-i y in-ol-e$ !r"%ing "n! "n"lyKing !" " flo% !i"gr",$)

2.(.2 Data 1lo) Dia/ra0#:

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De$cri(e$ ho% he !" " flo%$ hro*gh he $y$ e, "n! ho% he o* +* i$ !eri-e! fro, he in+* hro*gh " $e.*ence of f*nc ion"l r"n$for," ion$) D" " flo% !i"gr",$ $ho% f*nc ion"l r"n$for," ion$ (* !on# $*gge$ ho% ,igh (e i,+le,en e!)

START

CHECK GSM MODU>E

>CD WAITIN G HOR MESSAG E

MICROCONTRO>>ER READS THE MESSAGE

CHECK HOR 1ASSWOR D MESSAGE TO DIS1>AA BOARD A

Hig 5)B4D D" " Hlo% Di"gr",

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A $y$ e, !e$cri(e! in hi$ %"y ,igh (e i,+le,en e! "$ " $ingle +rogr", *$ing f*nc ion$ o i,+le,en e"ch r"n$for," ion)

CO1A MESSAGE

CHECK IH NA>ID MESSAGE TO DIS1>AA

DIS1>AA

MESSAGE ON NOTICE BOARD

Hig 5)BID Me$$"ge Di$+l"y

When he ne% ,e$$"ge i$ recei-e!& he ,e$$"ge i$ co+ie! o ,icro con roller) Then he +"$$%or! in he ,e$$"ge i$ chec'e!) If he +"$$%or! i$ correc hen h" ,e$$"ge i$ !i$+l"ye! on he no ice (o"r!) When he ne% ,e$$"ge i$ recei-e!& he ,e$$"ge i$ co+ie! o ,icro con roller) Then he ,icrocon roller chec'$ if he ,e$$"ge i$ in -"li! for," ) If no i $ $en!$ "n error ,e$$"ge o o%ner)

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2.(.% 1unctional de#cri'tion#: +ain 1unction#: InitialiBation Routine#: 1unction Na0e 1unction Na0e 1ro o y+e 1ro o y+e De$cri+ ion De$cri+ ion In+* $ In+* $ O* +* $ O* +* $ +ode0Oinit +ain -oi! ,o!e,Vini 7-oi!8 -oi! ,"in78 Ini i"liKe$ he ,o!e, Ini i"liKe$ "ll $*( $y$ e,$) Chec' he "++lic" ion$ +erio!ic"lly) None GSM ,o!e, i$ re"!y o (e *$e! in he +ro/ec T"'e$ "++ro+ri" e "c ion$ ("$e! on he in+* $)

1unction Na0e 1ro o y+e De$cri+ ion In+* $ O* +* $

InitOlcd Noi! ini Vlc!7-oi!8 Ini i"liKe$ he >CD o !i$+l"y ch"r"c er$ "n! n*,(er$) >CD i$ re"!y for !i$+l"ying

1unction Na0e 1ro o y+e De$cri+ ion In+* $ O* +* $

&erialOinit Noi! $eri"lVini 7-oi!8 Ini i"liKe$ he $eri"l co,,*nic" ion) Se he !" " r"n$fer r" e Seri"l co,,*nic" ion i$ "-"il"(le for co,,*nic" ion)

&+& routine#: 1unction Na0e 1ro o y+e De$cri+ ion In+* $ O* +* $ Ne% ,e$$"ge in!e6 n*,(er
J2

Rec O#0#Ono Un$igne! ch"r rec-V$,$Vno7-oi!8C Ge $ he ne% ,e$$"ge in!e6 n*,(er

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1unction Na0e 1ro o y+e De$cri+ ion In+* $ O* +* $

Read #0# Noi! re"!V$,$7*n$igne! ch"r8 Re"! he ,e$$"ge %i h he n*,(er +"$$e! In!e6 n*,(er of he ,e$$"ge o (e re"! E6 r"c $ +"$$%or!& $en!er ,o(ile n*,(er& co,,"n! i$$*e! "n!) Chec'$ +"$$%or! i$ correc or no )

1unction Na0e 1ro o y+e De$cri+ ion In+* $ O* +* $

Delete #0# Noi! !ele eV$,$7*n$igne! ch"r8 Dele e he ,e$$"ge %i h he in!e6 n*,(er $+ecifie! In!e6 n*,(er of he $,$ Me$$"ge i$ !ele e!

1unction Na0e 1ro o y+e De$cri+ ion In+* $ O* +* $

Data co0'are Noi! !" "Vco,+"re7-oi!8 Chec'$ he co,,"n! in he ne% ,e$$"ge "n! in-o'e$ "++ro+ri" e f*nc ion o "cco,+li$h i Co,,"n! in he $,$ A++ro+ri" e f*nc ion i$ in-o'e! o +erfor, he co,,"n!

G&+ routine#:

1unction Na0e 1ro o y+e De$cri+ ion In+* $ O* +* $

&end b$te Noi! $en!V(y e7*n$igne! ch"r8 Sen!$ " (y e of !" " fro, ,icro con roller o g$, ,o!e, 1oin er o he $ ring o (e $en

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1unction Na0e 1ro o y+e De$cri+ ion In+* $ O* +* $

&end #trin/ Noi! $en!$ ring7*n$igne! ch"rS$ r8C Sen!$ " $ ring fro, ,icro con roller o g$, ,o!e, 1oin er o he $ ring o (e $en

1unction Na0e 1ro o y+e De$cri+ ion In+* $ O* +* $ +e0or$ routine#: 1unction Na0e 1ro o y+e De$cri+ ion In+* $ O* +* $ 1unction Na0e 1ro o y+e De$cri+ ion In+* $ O* +* $

Recei e b$te Un$igne! ch"r rec-V(y e7-oi!8C Recei-e! " (y e of !" " fro, ,o!e,

Ch"r"c er recei-e! fro, ,o!e,

Read b$te Un$igne! ch"r ,e,re"!7*n$igne! ch"r "!!8C By e of !" " i$ re"! fro, $+ecifie! "!!re$$ of he EE1ROM *$ing 15C co,,*nic" ion +ro ocol A!!re$$ of he (y e o (e re"! D" " " he "!!re$$ $+ecifie!) >rite b$te Noi! ,e, %ri e7*n$igne! ch"r "!!&*n$igne! ch"r !" "8C Wri e of !" " i$ re"! fro, $+ecifie! "!!re$$ of he EE1ROM *$ing 15C co,,*nic" ion +ro ocol A!!re$$ of he (y e o (e re"! "n! D" " o %ri e " he "!!re$$ $+ecifie!)

1unction Na0e

Read 0e0or$
2<

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1ro o y+e De$cri+ ion In+* $ O* +* $

Un$igne! ch"r ,e,(i re"!7<8C Re"!$ " (y e of !" " fro, he "!!re$$ $e o re"!) Thi$ i$ " $*( f*nc ion of re"! (y e) Re *rn$ he ch"r"c er re"! fro, he "!!re$$ of he EE1ROM

1unction Na0e 1ro o y+e De$cri+ ion In+* $ O* +* $

>rite 0e0or$ Noi! Me,%ri e(i 7*n$igne! ch"r ch8C Thi$ ro* ine$ %ri e$ " (y e in o EE1ROM D" " o (e %ri en o EE1ROM

1unction Na0e 1ro o y+e De$cri+ ion In+* $ O* +* $

Recei e b$te Un$igne! ch"r rec-V(y e7-oi!8C Recei-e! " (y e of !" " fro, ,o!e, Ch"r"c er recei-e! fro, ,o!e,

1unction Na0e 1ro o y+e De$cri+ ion In+* $ O* +* $

&tart bit# Noi! Me,S "r Bi 78C 15C $ "n!"r! $ "r con!i ion) In!ic" e$ he $ "r of he fr",e $en )

1unction Na0e 1ro o y+e

&to' bit# Noi! Me,S o+Bi 78C

21

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De$cri+ ion In+* $ O* +* $

15C $ "n!"r! $ o+ con!i ion) In!ic" e$ he en! of he fr",e $en )

Dela$ Routine#: 1unction Na0e 1ro o y+e De$cri+ ion In+* $ O* +* $ Dela$ %3 0illi #econd# Noi! !elVB<$7-oi!8C Gener" e$ !el"y of B< $econ!$)

1unction Na0e 1ro o y+e De$cri+ ion In+* $ O* +* $

Dela$ % 0illi #econd# Noi! !elV1$7-oi!8C Gener" e$ !el"y of B $econ!$)

1unction Na0e 1ro o y+e De$cri+ ion In+* $ O* +* $

Dela$ 1 #econd Noi! !elV1$7-oi!8C Gener" e$ !el"y of 1 $econ!)

1unc ion Na0e 1ro o y+e

Dela$ 1 0ille #econd Noi! !elV1,$7-oi!8C

25

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De$cri+ ion In+* $ O* +* $

Gener" e$ !el"y of 1 ,ille $econ!)

4CD Routine#: 1unc ion Na0e 1ro o y+e De$cri+ ion In+* $ O* +* $ 4CD Di/it# Noi! >c! Digi $7*n$igne! ch"r8C Di$+l"y$ he !igi $ on he fir$ line of he >CD) Ch"r"c er o (e !i$+l"ye! on he fir$ line of he >CD) Digi i$ !i$+l"ye! on he fir$ line of he >CD)

1unc ion Na0e 1ro o y+e De$cri+ ion In+* $ O* +* $ 1unc ion Na0e 1ro o y+e De$cri+ ion In+* $ O* +* $

4CD Clear Noi! >c! Cle"r7-oi!8C Cle"r None None 4CD C"aracter Noi! >c! Ch"r"c er7*n$igne! ch"r ch8C Di$+l"y$ ch"r"c er on >CD) Ch"r"c er o (e !i$+l"ye!)

1unc ion Na0e 1ro o y+e De$cri+ ion In+* $

4CD Data Noi! >CD D" "7*n$igne! ch"r8C Di$+l"y$ ch"r"c er +"$$e! on he >CD) Ch"r"c er o (e !i$+l"ye! on >CD " +re!efine! A!!re$$)
2B

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O* +* $

Ch"r"c er i$ !i$+l"ye! on >CD)

1unc ion Na0e 1ro o y+e De$cri+ ion In+* $ O* +* $

4CD In#truction Noi! >CD in$ r*c ion7*n$igne! ch"r ch8C Thi$ ro* ine %ri e$ one (y e of !" " in o >CD "$ in$ r*c ion) In$ r*c ion o (e $en o >CD) In$ r*c ion o $en! o >CD)

1unc ion Na0e 1ro o y+e De$cri+ ion In+* $ O* +* $

4CD Data Noi! >CD !" "7*n$igne! ch"r ch8C Thi$ ro* ine %ri e$ one (y e of !" " in o >CD "$ !" ") D" " o (e $en o >CD) D" " o $en! o >CD)
Hig 5)BJD H*nc ion"l De$cri+ ion$

CHAPTER %
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CIRCUIT DIAGRA+

CIRCUIT DIAGRA+

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REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

Hig B)1D Circ*i Di"gr", of 1ro/ec

%.1 >or.in/:
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REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

A$ $oon "$ he circ*i i$ $%i che! on he Tr"n$for,er& Rec ifier "n! he Reg*l" or circ*i con-er $ he 5B<- "c in o 4- !c) Thi$ $*++ly i$ !ri-en o he "ll +"r $ of he circ*i ) The ,icrocon roller co,e$ o he "c i-e $ " e %hen he $*++ly i$ gi-en fro, he "c ,"in$) When hi$ occ*r$ he ,icrocon roller cle"r$ he +rogr", co*n er %i h hel+ of he re$e circ*i ry connec e! o he ,icrocon roller) The GSM ,o!e, in he circ*i fir$ $e"rche$ for he ne %or' $ign"l if "-"il"(le i recei-e$ he ,e$$"ge %hich i$ r"n$,i e! (y he r"n$,i er 7,o(ile +hone8) The GSM ,o!e, %i h hel+ of he MAM05B5 circ*i i con-er $ he GSM -ol "ge le-el$ o he ,icrocon roller -ol "ge le-el$ "n! hen r"n$,i $ he recei-e! ,e$$"ge o ,icrocon roller1) The ,icrocon roller fir$ chec'$ +"$$%or! for he recei-e! ,e$$"ge if he recei-e! +"$$%or! i$ co,+"re! o he +"$$%or! %hich i$ %ri en in he $o*rce co!e) If hi$ +"$$%or! ," che$ %i h he origin"l hen he ,icrocon roller1 $"-e$ he ,e$$"ge in EE1ROM "n! he $",e i$ r"n$,i e! o he ,icrocon roller5) The %o ,icrocon roller$ "re connec e! (y he +"r"llel co,,*nic" ion echni.*e) The ,icrocon roller5 recei-e$ he ,e$$"ge %hich i$ r"n$,i e! (y ,icrocon roller1 "n! he $",e i$ r"n$,i e! o >CD "n! he >CD !i$+l"y$ i on i $ $creen)

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CHAPTER ( +ICRO 2I&ION IDE

+ICRO 2I&ION IDE

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(.1Introduction and I0'le0entation:

>"atP# Ne) in Q2i#ion%?

hNi$ionB "!!$ ,"ny ne% fe" *re$ o he E!i or li'e Te6 Te,+l" e$& i*ic' H*nc ion N"-ig" ion& "n! Syn "6 Coloring %i h (r"ce high ligh ing Config*r" ion WiK"r! for !i"log ("$e! $ "r *+ "n! !e(*gger $e *+) hNi$ionB i$ f*lly co,+" i(le o hNi$ion5 "n! c"n (e *$e! in +"r"llel %i h hNi$ion5)

>"at i# Q2i#ion%?
hNi$ionB i$ "n IDE 7In egr" e! De-elo+,en En-iron,en 8 h" hel+$ yo* %ri e& co,+ile& "n! !e(*g e,(e!!e! +rogr",$) I enc"+$*l" e$ he follo%ing co,+onen $D A +ro/ec ,"n"ger) A ,"'e f"cili y) Tool config*r" ion) E!i or) A +o%erf*l !e(*gger) To hel+ yo* ge $ "r e!& $e-er"l e6",+le +rogr",$ 7loc" e! in he RC*1REFa0'le#& RC2*1REFa0'le#& RC1@@REFa0'le#& "n! RAR+R...REFa0'le#8 "re +ro-i!e!)

HE44O i$ " $i,+le +rogr", h" +rin $ he $ ring FHello Worl!F *$ing he Seri"l In erf"ce)

+EA&URE i$ " !" " "c.*i$i ion $y$ e, for "n"log "n! !igi "l $y$ e,$)
23

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TRA11IC i$ " r"ffic ligh con roller %i h he RTM Tiny o+er" ing $y$ e,) &IE2E i$ he SIENE Bench,"r') DHR- i$ he Dhry$ one Bench,"r') >HET& "re he Single01reci$ion Whe $ one Bench,"r')

A!!i ion"l e6",+le +rogr",$ no li$ e! here "re +ro-i!e! for e"ch !e-ice "rchi ec *re)

,UI4DING AN APP4ICATION IN Q2I&ION

To (*il! 7co,+ile& "$$e,(le& "n! lin'8 "n "++lic" ion in hNi$ion5& yo* ,*$ D Selec 1ro/ec 07fore6",+le&1@@RE6A+P4E&RHE44ORHE44O.U228) Selec 1ro/ec 0 Re(*il! "ll "rge file$ or B*il! "rge ) hNi$ion5 co,+ile$& "$$e,(le$& "n! lin'$ he file$ in +ro/ec )

Creatin/ -our O)n A''lication in Q2i#ion2

To create a ne) 'roject in Q2i#ion2

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Selec 1ro/ec 0 Ne% 1ro/ec ) Selec " !irec ory "n! en er he n",e of he +ro/ec file) Selec 1ro/ec 0 Selec De-ice "n! $elec "n 2<41& 541& or C1I69ST1< !e-ice fro, he De-ice D" "("$e)

Cre" e $o*rce file$ o "!! o he +ro/ec ) Selec 1ro/ec 0 T"rge $& Gro*+$& Hile$) A!!9Hile$& $elec So*rce Gro*+1& "n! "!! he $o*rce file$ o he +ro/ec )

Selec 1ro/ec 0 O+ ion$ "n! $e he ool o+ ion$) No e %hen yo* $elec he "rge !e-ice fro, he De-ice D" "("$eL "ll $+eci"l o+ ion$ "re $e "* o," ic"lly) Ao* y+ic"lly only nee! o config*re he ,e,ory ,"+ of yo*r "rge h"r!%"re) Def"*l ,e,ory ,o!el $e ing$ "re o+ i,"l for ,o$ "++lic" ion$)

Selec 1ro/ec 0 Re(*il! "ll "rge file$ or B*il! "rge )

Debu//in/ an A''lication in Q2i#ion2

To !e(*g "n "++lic" ion cre" e! *$ing hNi$ion5& yo* ,*$ D

1) 5)

Selec De(*g 0 S "r 9S o+ De(*g Se$$ion) U$e he S e+ ool("r (* on$ o $ingle0$ e+ hro*gh yo*r +rogr",) Ao* ,"y en er G: 0ain in he O* +* Win!o% o e6ec* e o he ,"in C f*nc ion)

B) G)

O+en he Seri"l Win!o% *$ing he &erial S1 (* on on he ool("r) De(*g yo*r +rogr", *$ing $ "n!"r! o+ ion$ li'e S e+& Go& Bre"'& "n! $o on)

&tartin/ Q2i#ion2 and Creatin/ a Project

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hNi$ion5 i$ " $ "n!"r! Win!o%$ "++lic" ion "n! $ "r e! (y clic'ing on he +rogr", icon) To cre" e " ne% +ro/ec file $elec fro, he hNi$ion5 ,en* Project f Ne% 1ro/ec e) Thi$ o+en$ " $ "n!"r! Win!o%$ !i"log h" "$'$ yo* for he ne% +ro/ec file n",e) We $*gge$ h" yo* *$e " $e+"r" e fol!er for e"ch +ro/ec ) Ao* c"n $i,+ly *$e he icon Cre" e Ne% Hol!er in hi$ !i"log o ge " ne% e,+ y fol!er) Then $elec hi$ fol!er "n! en er he file n",e for he ne% +ro/ec & i)e) 1ro/ec 1) hNi$ion5 cre" e$ " ne% +ro/ec file %i h he n",e 1RO@ECT1)UN5 %hich con "in$ " !ef"*l "rge "n! file gro*+ n",e) Ao* c"n $ee he$e n",e$ in he 1ro/ec

>indo) T 1ile#:

No% *$e fro, he ,en* 1ro/ec f Selec De-ice for T"rge "n! $elec " C1U for yo*r +ro/ec ) The Selec De-ice !i"log (o6 $ho%$ he hNi$ion5 !e-ice !" "("$e) @*$ $elec he ,icrocon roller yo* *$e) We "re *$ing for o*r e6",+le$ he 1hili+$ 2<C41RD= C1U) Thi$ $elec ion $e $ nece$$"ry ool o+ ion$ for he 2<C41RD= !e-ice "n! $i,+lifie$ in hi$ %"y he ool Config*r" ion)

,uildin/ Project# and Creatin/ a HE6 1ile#:

Ty+ic"l& he ool $e ing$ *n!er O+ ion$ f T"rge "re "ll yo* nee! o $ "r " ne% "++lic" ion) Ao* ,"y r"n$l" e "ll $o*rce file$ "n! line he "++lic" ion %i h " clic' on he B*il! T"rge ool("r icon) When yo* (*il! "n "++lic" ion %i h $yn "6 error$& hNi$ion5 %ill !i$+l"y error$ "n! %"rning ,e$$"ge$ in he O* +* Win!o% f B*il! +"ge) A !o*(le clic' on " ,e$$"ge line o+en$ he $o*rce file on he correc loc" ion in " hNi$ion5 e!i or %in!o%) Once yo* h"-e $*cce$$f*lly gener" e! yo*r "++lic" ion yo* c"n $ "r !e(*gging) Af er yo* h"-e e$ e! yo*r "++lic" ion& i i$ re.*ire! o cre" e "n In el HEM file o !o%nlo"! he $of %"re in o "n E1ROM +rogr",,er or $i,*l" or) hNi$ion5 cre" e$ HEM
DRK College of Engineering & Technology 35

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

file$ %i h e"ch (*il! +roce$$ %hen Cre" e HEM file$ *n!er O+ ion$ for T"rge f O* +* i$ en"(le!) Ao* ,"y $ "r yo*r 1ROM +rogr",,ing * ili y "f er he ,"'e +roce$$ %hen yo* $+ecify he +rogr", *n!er he o+ ion R*n U$er 1rogr", P1)

CPU &i0ulation: hNi$ion5 $i,*l" e$ *+ o 1I M(y e$ of ,e,ory fro, %hich "re"$ c"n (e ,"++e! for re"!& %ri e& or co!e e6ec* ion "cce$$) The hNi$ion5 $i,*l" or r"+$ "n! re+or $ illeg"l ,e,ory "cce$$e$) In "!!i ion o ,e,ory ,"++ing& he $i,*l" or "l$o +ro-i!e$ $*++or for he in egr" e! +eri+her"l$ of he -"rio*$ 2<41 !eri-" i-e$) The on0chi+ +eri+her"l$ of he C1U yo* h"-e $elec e! "re config*re! fro, he De-ice)

Databa#e #election: Infor," ion "(o* $elec ing " !e-ice) Ao* ,"y $elec "n! !i$+l"y he on0chi+ +eri+her"l co,+onen $ *$ing he De(*g ,en*) Ao* c"n "l$o ch"nge he "$+ec $ of e"ch +eri+her"l *$ing he con rol$ in he !i"log (o6e$)

&tart Debu//in/: Ao* $ "r he !e(*g ,o!e of hNi$ion5 %i h he De(*g f S "r 9S o+ De(*g Se$$ion co,,"n!) De+en!ing on he O+ ion$ for T"rge f De(*g Config*r" ion& hNi$ion5 %ill lo"! he "++lic" ion +rogr", "n! r*n he $ "r *+ co!e hNi$ion5 $"-e$ he e!i or $creen l"yo* "n! re$ ore$ he $creen l"yo* of he l"$ !e(*g $e$$ion) If he +rogr", e6ec* ion $ o+$& hNi$ion5 o+en$ "n e!i or %in!o% %i h he $o*rce e6 or $ho%$ C1U in$ r*c ion$ in he !i$"$$e,(ly %in!o%) The ne6 e6ec* "(le $ " e,en i$ ,"r'e! %i h " yello% "rro%) D*ring !e(*gging& ,o$ e!i or fe" *re$ "re $ ill "-"il"(le)

DRK College of Engineering & Technology

3B

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

Hor e6",+le& yo* c"n *$e he fin! co,,"n! or correc +rogr", error$) 1rogr", $o*rce e6 of yo*r "++lic" ion i$ $ho%n in he $",e %in!o%$) The hNi$ion5 !e(*g ,o!e !iffer$ fro, he e!i ,o!e in he follo%ing "$+ec $D The :De(*g Men* "n! De(*g Co,,"n!$; !e$cri(e! (elo% "re "-"il"(le) The "!!i ion"l !e(*g %in!o%$ "re !i$c*$$e! in he follo%ing) The +ro/ec $ r*c *re or ool +"r",e er$ c"nno (e ,o!ifie!) All (*il! Co,,"n!$ "re !i$"(le!)

Di#a##e0bl$ >indo):

The Di$"$$e,(ly %in!o% $ho%$ yo*r "rge +rogr", "$ ,i6e! $o*rce "n! "$$e,(ly +rogr", or /*$ "$$e,(ly co!e) A r"ce hi$ ory of +re-io*$ly e6ec* e! in$ r*c ion$ ,"y (e !i$+l"ye! %i h De(*g f Nie% Tr"ce Recor!$) To en"(le he r"ce hi$ ory& $e De(*g f En"(le9Di$"(le Tr"ce Recor!ing) If yo* $elec he Di$"$$e,(ly Win!o% "$ he "c i-e %in!o% "ll +rogr", $ e+

co,,"n!$ %or' on C1U in$ r*c ion le-el r" her h"n +rogr", $o*rce line$) Ao* c"n $elec " e6 line "n! $e or ,o!ify co!e (re"'+oin $ *$ing ool("r (* on$ or he con e6 ,en* co,,"n!$)

DRK College of Engineering & Technology

3G

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

Ao* ,"y *$e he !i"log De(*g f Inline A$$e,(lye o ,o!ify he C1U in$ r*c ion$) Th" "llo%$ yo* o correc ,i$ "'e$ or o ,"'e e,+or"ry ch"nge$ o he "rge +rogr", yo* "re !e(*gging)

DRK College of Engineering & Technology

34

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

(.2 &te'# to EFecute &ource Code: 1) Clic' on he Keil *Ni$ion Icon on De$' o+ 5) The follo%ing fig %ill "++e"r

B) Clic' on he 1ro/ec ,en* fro, he i le ("r G) Then Clic' on Ne% 1ro/ec

DRK College of Engineering & Technology

3I

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

4) S"-e he 1ro/ec (y y+ing $*i "(le +ro/ec n",e %i h no e6 en$ion in * r o%n fol!er $i e! in ei her CDE or DDE

I) Then Clic' on $"-e (* on "(o-e) J) Selec he co,+onen for * r +ro/ec ) i)e) A ,elee
DRK College of Engineering & Technology 3J

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

2) Clic' on he = Sy,(ol (e$i!e of A ,el

3) Selec AT23C41 "$ $ho%n (elo%

1<) Then Clic' on :OK; 11) The Hollo%ing fig %ill "++e"r 15) Then Clic' ei her AES or NOeee,o$ ly :NO; 1B) No% yo*r +ro/ec i$ re"!y o USE
DRK College of Engineering & Technology 32

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

1G) No% !o*(le clic' on he T"rge 1& yo* %o*l! ge "no her o+ ion :So*rce gro*+ 1; "$ $ho%n in ne6 +"ge) 14) Clic' on he file o+ ion fro, ,en* ("r "n! $elec :ne%;

1I) The ne6 $creen %ill (e "$ $ho%n in ne6 +"ge& "n! /*$ ,"6i,iKe i (y !o*(le clic'ing on i $ (l*e (o"r!er)

1J) No% $ "r %ri ing +rogr", in ei her in :C; or :ASM; 12) Hor " +rogr", %ri en in A$$e,(ly& hen $"-e i %i h e6 en$ion :) "$,; "n! for :C; ("$e! +rogr", $"-e i %i h e6 en$ion : )C;

DRK College of Engineering & Technology

33

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

13) No% righ clic' on So*rce gro*+ 1 "n! clic' on :Add !ile# to Grou' &ource;

5<) No% yo* %ill ge "no her %in!o%& on %hich (y !ef"*l :C; file$ %ill "++e"r)

DRK College of Engineering & Technology

1<<

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

51) No% $elec "$ +er yo*r file e6 en$ion gi-en %hile $"-ing he file 55) Clic' only one i,e on o+ ion :ADD; 5B) No% 1re$$ f*nc ion 'ey HJ o co,+ile) Any error %ill "++e"r if $o h"++en)

5G) If he file con "in$ no error& hen +re$$ Con rol=H4 $i,*l "neo*$ly)
DRK College of Engineering & Technology 1<1

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

54) The ne% %in!o% i$ "$ follo%$

5I) Then Clic' :OK; 5J) No% Clic' on he 1eri+her"l$ fro, ,en* ("r& "n! chec' yo*r re.*ire! +or "$ $ho%n in fig (elo%

52) Dr"g he +or " $i!e "n! clic' in he +rogr", file)

DRK College of Engineering & Technology 1<5

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

HigG)1D Keil Sof %"re Sli!e$

53) No% 'ee+ 1re$$ing f*nc ion 'ey :H11; $lo%ly "n! o($er-e) B<) Ao* "re r*nning yo*r +rogr", $*cce$$f*lly

(.% &ource Code:

Pro/ra0 !or +icrocontroller1 Pincl*!e`reg45)h_ Pincl*!e`$ ring)h_ $fr +1R<63<C $fr +BR<6(<C $fr +<R<62<C $fr +5R<6"<C $(i le!R+5j<C $(i $ " *$R+1j<C $(i (*KKerR+5j4C -oi! r"n$,i 7*n$igne! ch"r S V!" "8C -oi! r"n$,i Vc7*n$igne! ch"r ch8C -oi! r"n$,i 578C
DRK College of Engineering & Technology 1<B

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-oi! r"n$,i n*,78C -oi! (ro"!c"$ 78C -oi! r"n$,i B78C -oi! (ro"!c"$ 178C -oi! $en!78C -oi! ,$g!el78C -oi! !el"y7in 8C -oi! ini 78C *n$igne! in i&/&$&fo*n!&(*f&(*f1&'&le er$&n*,1&n*,5&n*,B&n*,G&n*,4&n*,I&n*,J&n*,2&n*,3&n*,&n&6 1&65&fl"gC *n$igne! ch"r $ r[I<\C -oi! ,"in7-oi!8 a ho,eD (*KKerR<C

$ " *$R1C fl"gR<C (*fR<C (*f1R<C le!R1C n*,Rn*,1Rn*,5Rn*,BRn*,GRn*,4Rn*,IRn*,JRn*,2Rn*,3RnR61R65R<C !el"y73<<<<8C for 7iR<Ci`R4ICi==8 a $ r[i\R<65<C b ini 78C ,$g!el78C
DRK College of Engineering & Technology 1<G

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%hile718 a r"n$,i 7FAT=CMG>RF8C SBUHRZFZC %hile7XTI8C TIR<C r"n$,i 7FREC UNREADF8C SBUHRZFZC %hile7XTI8C TIR<C SBUHR<6<!C %hile7XTI8C TIR<C /R<C fo*n!R<C $R<C iR<C nR<C %hile718 a %hile7XRI8C RIR<C $ r[/\RSBUHC if7SBUHRR<6<!8 a $==C b if77$_R58&&7 i`1488 a
DRK College of Engineering & Technology 1<4

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(re"'C b if7SBUHRRZ3Z8 a if7fl"gRR<8 a nR1C fl"gR1C b b if7SBUHRRZOZ8 a if7nRR18 a n*,R$ r[<\C n*,1R$ r[1\C n*,5R$ r[5\C n*,BR$ r[B\C n*,GR$ r[G\C n*,4R$ r[4\C n*,IR$ r[I\C n*,JR$ r[J\C n*,2R$ r[2\C n*,3R$ r[3\C 61R$ r[1<\C 65R$ r[11\C nR<C /R<C $ r[/\RZOZC b fo*n!==C
DRK College of Engineering & Technology 1<I

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b if7fo*n!XR<8a/==Cb if7nXR<8a/==Cb if7fo*n!RRB8 (re"'C le er$R/C 99 i==C 99 if7i_1<<8 99 (re"'C 99 if7/_I<8 99 b $ r[/\RZE<ZC (re"'C

(*f1R$ rnc,+7$ r&FOG4IOF&G8C if7(*f1RR<8 a le!R1C ini 78C (ro"!c"$ 178C go o ho,eC b b b
DRK College of Engineering & Technology 1<J

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-oi! ,$g!el78 a r"n$,i 7FAT=CMGDR1F8C SBUHR<6<!C %hile7XTI8C TIR<C iR<C /R<C %hile7i`58 a %hile7XRI8C RIR<C $ r[/\RSBUHC if7SBUHRR<6<!8 i==C /==C b !el"y73<<<<8C r"n$,i 7FAT=CMGDR5F8C SBUHR<6<!C %hile7XTI8C TIR<C iR<C /R<C %hile7i`58 a %hile7XRI8C RIR<C $ r[/\RSBUHC if7SBUHRR<6<!8 i==C
DRK College of Engineering & Technology 1<2

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/==C b !el"y73<<<<8C le!R1C b -oi! ini 78 a SCONR<64<C TMODR<65<C TH1R<6e2C TR1R1C !el"y73<<<<8C r"n$,i 7F" F8C SBUHR<6<!C %hile7XTI8C TIR<C iR<C /R<C %hile7i`58 a %hile7XRI8C RIR<C $ r[/\RSBUHC if7SBUHRR<6<!8 i==C /==C b !el"y73<<<<8C le!R<C
DRK College of Engineering & Technology 1<3

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99Chec'ing Hor Si, S " *$ r"n$,i 7FAT=C1INQF8C SBUHR<6<!C %hile7XTI8C TIR<C iR<C /R<C %hile7i`58 a %hile7XRI8C RIR<C $ r[/\RSBUHC if7SBUHRR<6<!8 i==C /==C b !el"y73<<<<8C le!R1C r"n$,i 7FAT=CMGHR1F8C SBUHR<6<!C %hile7XTI8C TIR<C iR<C /R<C %hile7i`58 a %hile7XRI8C RIR<C $ r[/\RSBUHC if7SBUHRR<6<!8 i==C
DRK College of Engineering & Technology 11<

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/==C b !el"y73<<<<8C le!R<C b -oi! (ro"!c"$ 178 a r"n$,i 7FAT=CMGSRF8C SBUHRZFZC %hile7XTI8C TIR<C r"n$,i n*,78C SBUHRZFZC %hile7XTI8C TIR<C SBUHR<6<!C %hile7XTI8C TIR<C r"n$,i 7FMESSAGE RECEINED BA GSM F8C /R<C TIR<C 99SBUHR<MBBC 99%hile7XTI8C 99TIR<C 99SBUHRle er$C 99%hile7XTI8C 99TIR<C 99 r"n$,i n*,78C r"n$,i B78C r"n$,i Vc7<61"8C
DRK College of Engineering & Technology 111

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!el"y71<<<<8C b

-oi! r"n$,i B78 a $ " *$R<C (*KKerR1C !el"y73<<<<8C SBUHRle er$C %hile7XTI8C TIR<C for7iR4Ci`Rle er$Ci==8 a SBUHR$ r[i\C %hile7XTI8C TIR<C b %hile7i`R4I8 a SBUHR<65<C %hile7XTI8C TIR<C i==C b $ " *$R1C (*KKerR<C b -oi! r"n$,i n*,78 a
DRK College of Engineering & Technology 115

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SBUHRn*,C %hile7XTI8C TIR<C SBUHRn*,1C %hile7XTI8C TIR<C SBUHRn*,5C %hile7XTI8C TIR<C SBUHRn*,BC %hile7XTI8C TIR<C SBUHRn*,GC %hile7XTI8C TIR<C SBUHRn*,4C %hile7XTI8C TIR<C SBUHRn*,IC %hile7XTI8C TIR<C SBUHRn*,JC %hile7XTI8C TIR<C SBUHRn*,2C %hile7XTI8C TIR<C SBUHRn*,3C %hile7XTI8C TIR<C SBUHR61C
DRK College of Engineering & Technology 11B

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

%hile7XTI8C TIR<C SBUHR65C %hile7XTI8C TIR<C b -oi! r"n$,i 7*n$igne! ch"r S V!" "8 a %hile7S V!" "XRZE<Z8 a SBUH R S V!" "C %hile7XTI8C TIR<C V!" "==C b b -oi! r"n$,i Vc7*n$igne! ch"r ch8 a SBUHRchC %hile7TI8C TIR<C b -oi! !el"y7in *$econ!$8 a *n$igne! in /C %hile7*$econ!$008
DRK College of Engineering & Technology 11G

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

for7/R<C/`1<C/==8C b Pro/ra0 !or +icrocontroller2 RS BIT 15)I EN BIT 15)J c$ $' !i !o (i (i (i (i +1)< +1)1 +1)5 +1)B DATA DATA DATA !" " 51H 55H 5BH 5Gh

ADDV>O DATAV>O CNT !" "Vhi >OAD COUNTER NADDR $iKe Org l/,+ rD C>R ,oMON ,oMON ,o,oRT1D ,o-

DATA 54H DATA 5IH EiU EiU <<<<h r SI?E $+&P31h +1&P<ffh >OAD&P<<H +5&P<HHh 1B&P<HHH TMOD& P5<H SCON& P4<H C en"(le only rece+ ion
114

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DRK College of Engineering & Technology

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,o,oC>R $e ( SETB SETB MON "&PB<H >c"ll co, >CA>> DE>AA Mo"&PB2h 15)< 15)1

IE& P2<H h1&P<E2h RI TR1 C r*n i,er 1

C 5 line lc! in i"liK" ion

>c"ll co, >c"ll !el"y ,olc"ll lc"ll ,olc"ll lc"ll lc"ll "&P<1h co, !el"y "&P<Ch co, !el"y %elco,e C>R MON MON RRT1D MON MON INC D@N? MON MON $e ( +1)G >@M1 MAIN 1TD C>R CS
11I DRK College of Engineering & Technology

Ccle"r he $creen

RI R1&PB<H RB&PG4H A&P<HHH OR1&A R1 RB&RRT1 R1&PB<H RB&PG4H

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C>R SETB SETB >c"ll MAIN1D MoMON IHNOT1D

SK DI DO %rVen "!!Vlo&P<<D R1&PB<H

MON A&OR1 ,olc"ll !" "Vlo&" %ri e

MON A&ADDV>O ADD A&P<GD MON ADDV>O&A INC R1 MON A&R1 C@NE A&PI<H&IHNOT1 ,o- "!!Vlo&P55<D MON A&>OAD ,olc"ll lc"ll SETB SETB SETB SETB >@M1 MA4<D >@M1 ,"inD SETB 15)< SETB MON 15)1 R1&PB<H
11J

!" "Vlo&" %ri e %rV!$ CS SK DI DO RT MAIN1

DRK College of Engineering & Technology

REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

@B C>R C>R @NB C>R Mo@n( Clr

11)G&1ROCEED 15)< 15)1 RI&U RI lo"!&" ri&U ri

MON A&SBUH IHNOTD

MON A&SBUH MON OR1&A INC R1 MON A&R1 C@NE A&PI<H&IHNOT >@M1 1T 1ROCEEDD Mo"&P<1h Ccle"r he $creen >c"ll co, >c"ll !el"y ,olc"ll lc"ll "&P2<h co, !el"y C>R C>R SETB SETB ,oMON R1TTD >CA>> CS SK DI DO "!!Vlo&P<<D READ A&DATAV>O
112

MON COUNTER&P<<H

DRK College of Engineering & Technology

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>CA>> >CA>> MON ADD MON INC MON C@NE Mo"&P<C<h >c"ll co, >c"ll !el"y MON A&COUNTER

RATA DE>AA A&ADDV>O A&P<GD ADDV>O&A COUNTER A&COUNTER A&P1<H&R1TTM

R1TTMD C@NE A&P5<H&R1TT MON COUNTER&P<<H SETB SETB SETB SETB >CA>> >@M1 CS SK DI DO DDE>AA MAIN

!!el"yD MON RG&P11< ?K51KD MON R4&P11< ?K11KD MON RI&P11< D@N? RI&U D@N? R4&?K11K D@N? RG&?K51K RET re"!D $e ( CS C r"i$e CS
113

C Shif o* $ "r (i 718 "n! o+ co!e 71<8)

DRK College of Engineering & Technology

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MoMoC"ll ,o,o,oc"ll c"ll clr re %ri eD $e ( ,o,oc"ll ,o,o,oc"ll

!+l& P11<( (& PB o* !" " !+l& "!!Vlo !+h&P<<H (& PNADDR o* !" " in!" " CS C ge re *rn !" " C !ro+ CS C lo% (y e C high (y e 7,"y (e *n!efine!8 C (i co*n

C Shif o* "!!re$$& MSB fir$ )

C Re"! o* +* !" ")

CS !+l& P1<1( (& PB o* !" " !+l& "!!Vlo !+h& P<<H o* !" "

C r"i$e CS

C Shif o* $ "r (i 718 "n! o+ co!e 7<18)

C Shif o* "!!re$$& MSB fir$ ) C lo% (y e C high (y e 7,"y (e *n!efine!8

(& PNADDR C (i co*n

C Shif o* !" "& MSB fir$ ) C N*,(er of (y e$ -"rie$ "ccor!ing o SI?E fl"g) ,o/( ,o/,+ eeI1D ,o,o!+h& !" "Vhi (& P1I
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DRK College of Engineering & Technology

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eeI5D c"ll clr c"ll re %rVenD C En"(le er"$e9%ri e) C Er"$e9%ri e re,"in$ en"(le! *n il !i$"(le! %i h EWDS) C Re *rn$ no hing) De$ roy$ B& D1TR) $e ( ,o,oc"ll clr re %rV!$D C Di$"(le er"$e9%ri e) C Re *rn$ no hing) De$ roy$ B& D1TR) $e ( ,o,oc"ll clr re $ " *$D +*$h $e ( $e ( ( DO CS C flo" +in C $elec !e-ice
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DRK College of Engineering & Technology

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,oeeG<D +*$h ,o!/nK +o+ /( !/nK $e ( /,+ eeG1D clr eeG5D clr +o+ re in!" "D $e ( c"ll /n( ,oc"ll ee51D ,ore $hinD +*$h clr ,o-

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C $"-e lo% (y e

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eeB<D $e ( no+ ,orlc clr !/nK +o+ re o* !" "D +*$h ,oclr $*(( /c /K ,oclr $*(( /c /nK ,o/,+ ee5D +*$h ,oeeBD rr !/nK +o+ eeGD
DRK College of Engineering & Technology 15B

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C r"i$e cloc' C !el"y ,in one *S C re"! $eri"l !" " o* +* C $hif in (i 9 !el"y ,in one *S C !ro+ cloc' C ne6 (i 9 !el"y ,in one *S

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c"ll ,oee4D ,o/,+ eeID +*$h ,oeeJD rr !/nK +o+ ee2D c"ll ee3D $e ( +o+ re $ho* D ee4<D clr rlc ,ono+ $e ( !/nK clr re co,D ,oclr r$ +<&"

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C le"-e +in flo" ing

SK " DI& c SK (& ee4< SK

C !ro+ cloc' C ,o-e (i in o CA C o* +* (i C !el"y ,in G<< n$ C r"i$e cloc' C ne6 (i 9 !el"y ,in one *$ C !ro+ cloc'

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$e ( clr re R" "D ,o$e ( $e ( clr re !el"yD

en en

+<&" r$ en en

,ollJBD ,o-

r5&P5<h rB&P55h

!/nK rB&U !/nK r5&llJB re WE>COMED ,o,oll2D ,o,o-c lc"ll lc"ll inc !/nK RET org <A<<h !( END Z WE>COME Z !+ r&P<A<<h rI&P15h "&P<<h "&O"=!+ r R" " !el"y !+ r rI&ll2 C%elco,e

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CHAPTER * 1A,RICATION DETAI4&

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1A,RICATION DETAI4&
The f"(ric" ion of one !e,on$ r" ion *ni i$ c"rrie! o* in he follo%ing $e.*enceD 1) Hin"liKing he o "l circ*i !i"gr",& li$ ing o* he co,+onen $ "n! heir $o*rce$ of +roc*re,en ) 5) 1roc*ring he co,+onen $& e$ ing he co,+onen $ "n! $creening he co,+onen $) B) M"'ing l"yo* & +re+"ring he in er connec ion !i"gr", "$ +er he circ*i !i"gr",& +re+"ring he !rilling !e "il$& c* ing he l",in" e o he re.*ire! $iKe) G) Drilling he hole$ on he (o"r! "$ +er he co,+onen l"yo* & +"in ing he r"c'$ on he (o"r! "$ +er in er connec ion !i"gr",) 4) E ching he (o"r! o re,o-e he *n0%"n e! co++er o her h"n r"c' +or ion) Then cle"ning he (o"r! %i h %" er& "n! $ol!er co" ing he co++er r"c'$ o +ro ec he r"c'$ fro, r*$ ing or o6i!" ion !*e o ,oi$ *re) I) A$$e,(ling he co,+onen $ "$ +er he co,+onen l"yo* "n! circ*i !i"gr", "n! $ol!ering co,+onen $) J) In egr" ing he o "l *ni in er %iring he *ni "n! fin"l e$ ing he *ni ) 2) Kee+ing he *ni re"!y for !e,on$ r" ion)

*.1. PC, 1abrication:

The f"(ric" ion of " 1CB incl*!e$ fo*r $ e+$) "8 1re+"ring he 1CB +" ern)
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(8 Tr"n$ferring he +" ern on o he 1CB) c8 De-elo+ing he 1CB) !8 Hini$hing 7i)e)8 !rilling& c* ing& $,oo hing& *rning e c) 1" ern !e$igning i$ he +ri,"ry $ e+ in f"(ric" ing " 1CB) In hi$ $ e+& "ll in erconnec ion (e %een he co,+onen $ in he gi-en circ*i "re con-er e! in o 1CB r"c'$) Se-er"l f"c or$ $*ch "$ +o$i ioning he !i",e er of hole$& he "re" h" e"ch co,+onen %o*l! occ*+y& he y+e of en! er,in"l $ho*l! (e con$i!ere!)

Tran#!errin/ t"e PC, Pattern:

The co++er $i!e of he 1CB $ho*l! (e horo*ghly cle"ne! %i h he hel+ of "lcoholic $+iri or +e rol) I ,*$ (e co,+le ely free fro, !*$ "n! o her con ",in"n $)

The ,irror i,"ge of he +" ern ,*$ (e c"r(on co+ie! "n! o he l",in" e he co,+le e +" ern ,"y no% (e ,"!e e"ch re$i$ "n %i h he hel+ of +"in "n! hin (r*$h)

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De elo'in/:

In hi$ !e-elo+ing "ll e6ce$$i-e co++er i$ re,o-e! fro, he (o"r! "n! only he +rin e! +" ern i$ lef (ehin!) A(o* 1<<,l of "+ %" er $ho*l! (e he" e! o J4 k C "n! B<)4 gr",$ of HeClB "!!e! o i & he ,i6 *re $ho*l! (e horo*ghly $ irre! "n! " fe% !ro+$ of HCl ,"y (e "!!e! o $+ee! *+ he +roce$$)

The (o"r! %i h i $ co++er $i!e f"cing *+%"r! $ho*l! (e +l"ce! in " fl" (o o,e! +l"$ ic r"y "n! he ".*eo*$ $ol* ion of HeCl 5 +o*re! in he e ching +roce$$ %o*l! "'e G< o I< ,in o co,+le e)

Af er e ching he (o"r! i $ho*l! (e %"$he! *n!er r*nning %" er "n! hen hel! "g"in$ ligh ) he +rin e! +" ern $ho*l! (e cle"nly -i$i(le) The +"in $ho*l! (e re,o-e! %i h he hel+ of hinner)

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1ini#"in/ Touc"e#

Af er he e ching i$ co,+le e!& hole of $*i "(le !i",e er $ho*l! (e !rille!& hen he 1CB ,"y (e in +l" e! *$ing "n or!in"ry B4 W" $ $ol!ering ro! "long %i h he $ol!er core& he co++er $i!e ,"y (e gi-en " co" of -"rni$h o +re-en o6i!" ion)

Drillin/

Drill$ for 1CB *$e *$*"lly co,e %i h ei her " $e of collec $ of -"rio*$ $iKe$ or " B0 @"% ch*c') Hor "cc*r"cy ho%e-er B0/"% ch*n'$ "ren# (rilli"n "n! $,"ll !rill (elo% 1 ,, fro, groo-e$ in he /"%$ +re-en ing goo! gri+$)

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&olderin/

Begin he con$ r*c ion (y $ol!ering he re$i$ or$ follo%e! (y he c"+"ci or$ "n! he >ED$ !io!e$ "n! IC $oc'e $) Don# ry $ol!ering "n IC !irec ly *nle$$ yo* r*$ yo*r $'ill in $ol!ering) All co,+onen $ $ho*l! (e $ol!ere! "$ $ho%n in he fig*re) No% connec he $%i ch "n! hen $ol!er9$cre% if on he 1CB *$ing ,*l i+le %"$her$ or $+"ce$) Sol!ering i

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!irec ly %ill only re!*ce i $ heigh "(o-e o her co,+onen $ "n! h",+er in i $ e"$y fi6" ion in he c"(ine ) No% connec he (" ery le"!)

A##e0blin/

The circ*i c"n (e enclo$e! in "ny 'in! of c"(ine ) Before fi ing he 1CB $*i "(le hole$ ,*$ (e !rille! in he c"(ine for he $%i ch& >ED "n! (*KKer) No e h" " ro "ry $%i ch c"n (e *$e! in$ e"! of " $li!e y+e)

S%i ch on he circ*i o (e !e$ire! r"nge) I %ill "* o," ic"lly $ "r i $ i,ing cycle$) To (e $*re h" i i$ %or'ing +ro+erly %" ch he >ED fl"$h) The co,+onen $ "re $elec e! o rigger he "l"r, " fe% ,in* e$ (efore he $e li,i )

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CHAPTER @ TE&TING

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TE&TING

Uni Te$ ing

Mo!*le Te$ ing

S*(0$y$ e, Te$ ing

Sy$ e, Te$ ing

Acce+ "nce Te$ ing

Hig I)1D Te$ ing 1roce$$

Sy$ e,$ $ho*l! no (e e$ e! "$ $ingle ,onoli hic $y$ e,$) >"rge $y$ e,$ "re (*il o* of $*(0$y$ e,$& %hich "re co,+o$e! of +roce!*re "n! f*nc ion$) The e$ ing +roce$$ $ho*l! herefore& +rocee! in $ "ge$ %here e$ ing i$ c"rrie! o* in con/*nc ion %i h $y$ e, i,+le,en " ion) Bo o, *+ e$ ing $ r" egy h"$ (een follo%e! o e$ hi$ +ro/ec ) The ,o$ %i!ely *$e! e$ ing +roce$$ con$i$ $ of he follo%ing fi-e $ "ge$D

@.1 TE&TING PROCE&&:

Unit Te#tin/: In!i-i!*"l co,+onen "re e$ e! o en$*re h" hey o+er" e correc ly) E"ch

co,+onen i$ e$ e! in!e+en!en ly& %i ho* o her $y$ e, co,+onen ) +odule Te#tin/: A ,o!*le i$ " collec ion of !e+en!en co,+onen $*ch "$ +roce!*re$ "n! f*nc ion$) A ,o!*le enc"+$*l" e$ rel" e! co,+onen rel" e! co,+onen $ $o c"n (e e$ e! %i ho* o her $y$ e, ,o!*le$)
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&ubA#$#te0 Te#tin/: Thi$ +h"$e in-ol-e$ e$ ing collec ion of ,o!*le$& %hich h"-e (een in egr" e! in o $*(0$y$ e,$) S*(0$y$ e,$ ,"y (e in!e+en!en ly !e$igne! "n! i,+le,en e!) The $*(0$y$ e, e$ +roce$$ concen r" e$ only on !e ec ion of in erf"ce error$ (y rigoro*$ly e6erci$ing hi$ in erf"ce) &$#te0 Te#tin/: The $*( $y$ e,$ "re in egr" e! o ,"'e *+ he en ire $y$ e,) The e$ ing +roce$$ i$ concerne! %i h fin!ing error$& %hich re$*l $ fro, *n"n ici+" e! in er"c ion (e %een $*( $y$ e, "n! $y$ e, co,+onen $)

@.2 TE&T CA&E&:

Acce'tance Te#tin/: Thi$ i$ he fin"l $ "ge of e$ ing +roce$$ (efore he $y$ e, i$ "cce+ e! for o+er" ion"l *$e) The $y$ e, i$ e$ e! %i h he !" " $*++lie! fro, he $y$ e, +roc*rer r" her h"n $i,*l" e! !" ") Seri"l No) TCID<<1 GSM ,o!e, $ho*l! (e "(le o recei-e ne% ,e$$"ge $en o i ) When GSM ,o!e, recei-e$ ne% ,e$$"ge& i $ho*l! (e in!ic" e! o ,icrocon roller) When ne% ,e$$"ge i$ recei-e!& ,icrocon roller $ho*l! (e "(le o re"! he ne% ,e$$"ge) Microcon roller $ho*l! !ele e he ne% ,e$$"ge$ "f er re"!ing i ) GSM ,o!e, $ho*l! recei-e ne% ,e$$"ge $en o i ) Ne% ,e$$"ge in!ic" ion $ho*l! (e gi-en o ,icrocon roller) Microcon roller $ho*l! re"! ne% ,e$$"ge recei-e!) The ne% ,e$$"ge $ho*l! (e !ele e! "f er re"!ing i fro, ,o!e,) GSM ,o!e, i$ recei-ing ne% ,e$$"ge$ $en o i ) Ne% ,e$$"ge in!ic" ion i$ gi-en o ,icrocon roller) Microcon roller i$ re"!ing he ne% ,e$$"ge$ recei-e!) Microcon roller i$ !ele ing he ne% ,e$$"ge$ "f er re"!ing i ) Te$ C"$e De$cri+ ion E6+ec e! O* +* Ac *"l O* +*

TCID<<5

TCID<<B

TCID<<G

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TCID<<4

Microcon roller $ho*l! The ,e$$"ge i$ $en! he recei-e! ,e$$"ge !i$+l"ye! on no ice o no ice (o"r! for !i$+l"y) (o"r!)
Hig I)5D Te$ C"$e$

Microcon roller !i$+l"y$ ,e$$"ge on no ice (o"r!

CHAPTER ; O,&ER2ATION& AND INTERPRETATION O1 RE&U4T&

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O,&ER2ATION& AND INTERPRETATION O1 RE&U4T&:

;.1 Ob#er ation#:

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HigJ)1D Re$*l $

;.2 Inter'retation o! Re#ult#:

The re$*l $ of hi$ +ro/ec c"n (e -erifie! -ery e"$ily (y going hro*gh hi$ $ec ion) Re$*l $ "re in er+re e! for e"ch e$ c"$e "n! o($er-" ion$ "re e6+l"ine!) TCID<<1D GSM ,o!e, $ho*l! (e "(le o recei-e ne% ,e$$"ge$ $en o i ) In er+re " ionD Before %or'ing %i h ,o!e,& i $ho*l! (e ini i"liKe!) The ,o!e, i$ $e o recei-e ne% ,e$$"ge) I i$ +o$$i(le o chec' hi$ (y& $en!ing " ,e$$"ge "n! chec'ing he in(o6 of he SIM c"r!) O($er-" ionD GSM ,o!e, i$ "(le o recei-e ne% ,e$$"ge $en o i ) Unle$$ he in(o6 i$ f*ll of ,e$$"ge$& he GSM ,o!e, c"n recei-e ne% ,e$$"ge) TCID<<5D
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When GSM ,o!e, recei-e$ ne% ,e$$"ge$& i $ho*l! (e in!ic" e! o ,icrocon roller) In er+re " ionD Ini i"lly he GSM ,o!e, i$ $e & ho% o in!ic" e he ne% ,e$$"ge$ o he ,icrocon roller) I i$ +o$$i(le o chec' hi$ (y $en!ing " ,e$$"ge o he $y$ e,) The ,icrocon roller !i$+l"y$ " ,e$$"ge :SMS Recei-e!;& %hene-er " ne% ,e$$"ge i$ recei-e!) O($er-" ionD The ne% ,e$$"ge in!ic" ion i$ gi-en o he ,icrocon roller) An! ,icrocon roller !i$+l"y$ he ,e$$"ge :SMS Recei-e!; on >CD)

TCID<<BD When ne% ,e$$"ge i$ recei-e!& ,icrocon roller $ho*l! (e "(le o re"! he ne% ,e$$"ge)

In er+re " ionD A$ $oon "$ " ne% ,e$$"ge i$ recei-e!& he ,icrocon roller re"!$ i (y $en!ing " co,,"n! o re"! he ne% ,e$$"ge) A$ $oon "$ he ne% ,e$$"ge i$ re"!& ,icrocon roller !i$+l"y$ he ,e$$"ge :Me$$"ge Hro,; follo%e! (y he ,o(ile +hone n*,(er of he $en!er) O($er-" ionD A$ $oon "$ he ne% ,e$$"ge i$ re"!& ,icrocon roller !i$+l"y$ he ,e$$"ge :Me$$"ge Hro,; follo%e! (y he ,o(ile +hone n*,(er of he $en!er) TCID<<GD Microcon roller $en!$ he recei-e! ,e$$"ge o no ice (o"r! for !i$+l"y) In er+re " ionD Me$$"ge %ill (e $en o he no ice (o"r!)
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O($er-" ionD Me$$"ge !i$+l"ye! on no ice (o"r!) TCID<<4D The co,,"n! for," $ho*l! (e :OG4IO,e$$"ge o (e !i$+l"ye!O;) In er+re " ionD The :OG4IO; i$ he +"$$%or! "n! i i$ chec'e!) O($er-" ionD The ,e$$"ge i$ !i$+l"ye! on no ice (o"r!& if he +"$$%or! i$ correc )

CHAPTER 9 +ERIT&: DEA+ERIT& AND APP4ICATION&

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+ERIT&: DE+ERIT& AND APP4ICATION&

+erit# I $ o+er" ion i$ $i,+le "n! e"$y I i$ le$$ e6+en$i-e I i$ highly efficien +o%er re.*ire! i$ le$$

DeA+erit# A$ here "re "!-"n "ge$& here "re $o,e li,i " ion$ of hi$ +ro/ec ) Thi$ 1ro/ec i$ " Microcon roller ("$e! 1ro/ec ) The ,"in li,i " ion i$ he $iKe of ROM "-"il"(le on he chi+ for +rogr",,ing) Since %e "re *$ing %irele$$ echnology for co,,*nic" ion& he efficien o+er" ion of o*r +ro/ec !e+en!$ on $ign"l of he $er-ice +ro-i!er)
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Ano her ,"/or li,i " ion i$ he conge$ ion in he ne %or') D*e o conge$ ion in he ne %or' he ,e$$"ge $en!ing "n! recei-ing %ill (e !el"ye!& %hich %ill "ffec he +erfor,"nce of he $y$ e,)

A''lication#: I i$ ,"inly *$e! in o*r ho,e$) I i$ "l$o *$e in he college$ "n! $chool$) I i$ *$e! in "gric*l *re o ONEOHH he ,o or +*,+$

CHAPTER < CONC4U&ION

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AND 1UTURE &COPE

CONC4U&ION: No% " !"y$ e-ery "!-er i$e,en i$ going o (e !igi "l) The (ig $ho+$ "n! $ho++ing cen er$ "re *$ing he !igi "l !i$+l"y$ no%) In R"il%"y $ " ion "n! (*$ $ "n!$ e-ery hing h" i$ ic'e infor," ion& +l" for, n*,(er e c i$ !i$+l"ying in !igi "l ,o-ing !i$+l"y) B* in he$e !i$+l"y$ if hey %"n $ o ch"nge he ,"$$"ge or $ yle hey h"-e o go here "n! connec he !i$+l"y o 1C or l"+ o+) S*++o$e he $",e ,e$$"ge if he +er$on o !i$+l"y in ,"in cen er$ of he ci ie$ ,e"n$ he h"-e o go here %i h l"+ o+ "n! ch"nge he ,"$$"ge (y connec ing in o 1C) Thi$ +ro/ec %e c"n *$e ,"inly for +olice or "r,y)i)e !i$+l"y$ %ill (e connec e! o "ll he ,"in ci ie$ if hey %"n $ o !i$+l"y ,e$$"ge "(o* $o,e hing cr*ci"l %i hin 4 ,in* e$& hey c"n# $o 'ee+ing in he ,in! %e "re !e$igning " ne% !i$+l"y $y$ e, %hich c"n "cce$$ re,o ely& %e "re *$ing he GSM echnology o "cce$$ he !i$+l"y$ i$ one of he ne% echnology in he e,(e!!e! fiel! o ,"'e he co,,*nic" ion (e %een ,icrocon roller "n! ,o(ile)

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U$ing hi$ "++lic" ion he clien c"n o+er" e no ice (o"r!& %hich co*l! (e loc" e! re,o ely or in ho$ ile en-iron,en ) The only +re0re.*i$i e i$ h" & $y$ e, $ho*l! (e +l"ce! in he $er-ice +ro-i!er#$ ne %or' co-er"ge "re" "n! i i$ +o$$i(le o con rol he no ice (o"r! connec e! only %hen he clien o+er" e$ in he $er-ice +ro-i!er#$ ne %or' co-er"ge "re") if he *$er i$ o* of ne %or' co-er"ge "re"& he c"n# con rol no ice (o"r!& (* %ill recei-e "ny ,e$$"ge$ fro, he $y$ e,) The *$er o $en! ,e$$"ge$ o (e !i$+l"ye!& fro, re,o e +l"ce %i ho* hi, (eing +re$en " he loc" ion of he !i$+l"y& h*$ ,"'ing he %hole +roce$$ efficien "n! i,e $"-ing) 1UTURE &COPE: Wirele$$ GSM co,,*nic" ion i$ fin!ing " h*ge !e-elo+,en in &atellite

Co00unication#. The GSM $ign"l$ "re $en$e! "n! reflec e! ("c' o he e"r h $ " ion$) The$e $ign"l$ con "in infor," ion "(o* %e" her forec"$ ing& geologic"l $*r-ey$ "n! o her co$,ic !e-elo+,en $) The +re$en %or'ing S " *$ of he "++li"nce$ c"n (e i,+le,en e! "long %i h $ec*re! con rolling of "++li"nce$) We c"n "l$o i,+le,en "c'no%le!ge,en of he ,e$$"ge$ $en ) Thi$ i$ *$e! for $en$ing he ele,en $ hro*gh he GSM Mo!e,)

CHAPTER 13
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,I,4IOGRAPH-

BIB>IOGRA1HA
4iterature Re!erence#: The 2<45 Microcon roller "n! e,(e!!e! Sy$ e,$; 00000M*h",,"! Ali M"K"!i) 00000@"nice Gilli$+ie M"K"!i) 2<450Microcon roller Archi ec *re& 1rogr",,ing "n! A++lic" ion$) 00000Kenne h @ Ay"l" E,(e!!e! Sy$ e, Sof %"re 1ri,er)

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-----D"-i!)E)Si,on) Web sites:

1) %%%),i el)!" "(oo')co, 5) %%%)" ,el)!" "(oo')co, B) %%%)fr"n'lin)co, G) %%%)'eil)co, 4) %%%),icrochi+)co, I) %%%)/*ngo)co,

APPENDI6 I
G&+ +odule &I+%33: SIMB<<C i$ " Tri0("n! GSM9G1RS engine h" %or'$ on fre.*encie$ of EGSM 3<< MHK& DCS 12<< MHK "n! 1CS13<< MHK)SIMB<<C +ro-i!e$ G1RS ,*l i0$lo cl"$$ 1<9 cl"$$2o+ ion"l c"+"(ili y "n! $*++or he G1RS co!ing $che,e$ CS01& CS05& CS0B "n! CS0G) Wi h " iny config*r" ion of 4<,, 6 BB,, 6 I)5,,& SIMB<<C c"n fi "l,o$ "ll he $+"ce re.*ire,en in yo*r in!*$ ri"l "++lic" ion& $*ch "$ M5M& "n! ,o(ile !" " co,,*nic" ion $y$ e, e c) Wi h he ch"rge circ*i in egr" e! in$i!e he SIMB<<C& i i$ -ery $*i "(le for he (" ery +o%er "++lic" ion) The +hy$ic"l in erf"ce o he ,o(ile "++lic" ion i$ ,"!e hro*gh " I< +in$ DI1 connec or& %hich +ro-i!e$ "ll h"r!%"re in erf"ce$ (e %een he ,o!*le "n! c*$ o,er$# (o"r!$) The SIMB<<C +ro-i!e$ RH "n enn" in erf"ce %i h %o "l ern" i-e$D "n enn" connec or "n! "n enn" +"!) The "n enn" connec or i$ MURATA MM3B5305J<<) An!
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c*$ o,er#$ "n enn" c"n (e $ol!ere! o he "n enn" +"!) The SIMB<<C i$ !e$igne! %i h +o%er $"-ing echni.*e& he c*rren con$*,+ ion o "$ lo% "$ 5)4,A in S>EE1 ,o!e) The SIMB<<C i$ in egr" e! %i h he TC19I1 +ro ocol& e6 en!e! TC19I1 AT co,,"n!$ "re !e-elo+e! for c*$ o,er$ o *$e he TC19I1 +ro ocol e"$ily& %hich i$ -ery *$ef*l for ho$e !" " r"n$fer "++lic" ion$) &I+%33C .e$ !eature# 1o%er $*++ly 1o%er $"-ing GSM cl"$$ Tr"n$,i +o%er Cl"$$ 1 71W8 " DCS12<< "n! 1CS 13<< Single $*++ly -ol "ge B)GN f G)4N Ty+ic"l +o%er con$*,+ ion in S>EE1 ,o!e o 5)4,A 7 BS01A0MHRMSR4 8 S,"ll MS Cl"$$ G 75W8 " EGSM3<<

G1RS connec i-i y

G1RS ,*l i0$lo cl"$$ 2 o+ ion"l G1RS ,*l i0$lo cl"$$ 1< 7!ef"*l 8 G1RS ,o(ile $ " ion cl"$$ B

Te,+er" *re r"nge

Nor,"l o+er" ionD 0B<kC o =J<kC Re$ ric e! o+er" ionD 0B<kC o =2<kC S or"ge e,+er" *re 0G<kC o =24kC

DATA GPRS: CSD:

G1RS !" " !o%nlin' r"n$ferD ,"6) 24)I '(+$ G1RS !" " *+lin' r"n$ferD ,"6) G5)2 '(+$ Co!ing $che,eD CS01& CS05& CS0B "n! CS0G SIMB<<C $*++or $ he +ro ocol$ 1A1 71"$$%or! A* hen ic" ion 1ro ocol8 *$*"lly *$e! for 111

DRK College of Engineering & Technology

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REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

connec ion$) The SIMB<<C in egr" e$ he TC19I1 +ro ocol) S*++or 1"c'e S%i che! Bro"!c"$ Con rol Ch"nnel 71BCCH8 CSD r"n$,i$$ion r" e$D 5)G& G)2& 3)I& 1G)G '(+$& non0 r"n$+"ren Un$ r*c *re! S*++le,en "ry Ser-ice$ D" " 7USSD8 $*++or

SMS

MT& MO& CB& Te6 "n! 1DU ,o!e SMS $ or"geD SIM c"r! S*++or r"n$,i$$ion of SMS "l ern" i-ely o-er CSD or G1RS) U$er c"n choo$e +referre! ,o!e)

HAM SIM in erf"ce E6 ern"l "n enn" A*!io fe" *re$

Gro*+ B Cl"$$ 1 S*++or SIM c"r!D 1)2N &BN Connec e! -i" 4< Oh, "n enn" connec or or "n enn" +"! S+eech co!ec ,o!e$D H"lf R" e 7ETS <I)5<8 H*ll R" e 7ETS <I)1<8 Enh"nce! H*ll R" e 7ETS <I)4< 9 <I)I< 9 <I)2<8 Echo $*++re$$ion

Seri"l in erf"ce "n! De(*g in erf"ce There "re Se-en line$ on Seri"l 1or In erf"ce Seri"l 1or c"n (e *$e! for CSD HAM& G1RS $er-ice "n! $en! AT co,,"n! of con rolling ,o!*le)

DRK College of Engineering & Technology

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REMOTE NOTICE BOARD USING GSM WITH SMS

Seri"l 1or c"n *$e ,*l i+le6ing f*nc ion A* o("*!ing $*++or $ ("*! r" e fro, 15<< (+$ o 1145<<(+$) De(*g +or T%o line$ on Seri"l 1or In erf"ce 9TMD "n! 9RMD De(*g 1or only *$e! for !e(*gging 1hone(oo' ,"n"ge,en SIM A++lic" ion Tool'i Re"l cloc' Ti,er f*nc ion 1hy$ic"l ch"r"c eri$ ic$ i,e I,+le,en e! 1rogr",,"(le -i" AT co,,"n! SiKeD 4<]<)14 6 BB]<)14 6J)J]<)B ,, 7incl*!ing "++lic" ion connec or8 4<]<)14 6 BB]<)14 6 I)5]<)B ,, 7e6cl*!ing "++lic" ion connec or8 Weigh D 1B)2g S*++or +hone(oo' y+e$D SM& HD& >D& RC& ON& MC) S*++or SAT cl"$$ B& GSM 11)1G Rele"$e 32

DRK College of Engineering & Technology

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