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2.HTML Doctype Declaration

The <!DOCTYPE> declaration must be the very first thing in an HTML document, before the <html> tag. It tells the browser which version of HTML the page is written in. In HTML5, there is only one <!DOCTYPE> declaration - <!DOCTYPE html>. In previous HTML versions there were multiple declarations to specify strict, transitional or frameset doctypes. The <!DOCTYPE> declaration is supported by all major browsers and is not case sensitive.

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145 views

2.HTML Doctype Declaration

The <!DOCTYPE> declaration must be the very first thing in an HTML document, before the <html> tag. It tells the browser which version of HTML the page is written in. In HTML5, there is only one <!DOCTYPE> declaration - <!DOCTYPE html>. In previous HTML versions there were multiple declarations to specify strict, transitional or frameset doctypes. The <!DOCTYPE> declaration is supported by all major browsers and is not case sensitive.

Uploaded by

lory85beauty
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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HTML <!

DOCTYPE> Declaration
HTML Reference <a> Tag
Example
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title>Title of the document</title> </head> <body> The content of the document...... </body> </html>
Try it yourself

Browser Support

The <!DOCTYPE> declaration is supported in all major browsers.

Definition and Usage


The <!DOCTYPE> declaration must be the very first thing in your HTML document, before the <html> tag. The <!DOCTYPE> declaration is not an HTML tag; it is an instruction to the web browser about what version of HTML the page is written in. In HTML 4.01, the <!DOCTYPE> declaration refers to a DTD, because HTML 4.01 was based on SGML. The DTD specifies the rules for the markup language, so that the browsers render the content correctly. HTML5 is not based on SGML, and therefore does not require a reference to a DTD. Tip: Always add the <!DOCTYPE> declaration to your HTML documents, so that the browser knows what type of document to expect.

Differences Between HTML 4.01 and HTML5


There are three different <!DOCTYPE> declarations in HTML 4.01. In HTML5 there is only one:

<!DOCTYPE html>

HTML Elements and Doctypes


Look at our table of all HTML elements, and what Doctype each element appears in.

Tips and Notes


Note: The <!DOCTYPE> tag does not have an end tag. Tip: The <!DOCTYPE> declaration is NOT case sensitive. Tip: Use W3C's Validator to check that you have written a valid HTML / XHTML document!

Common DOCTYPE Declarations


HTML 5
<!DOCTYPE html>

HTML 4.01 Strict


This DTD contains all HTML elements and attributes, but does NOT INCLUDE presentational or deprecated elements (like font). Framesets are not allowed.

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">

HTML 4.01 Transitional


This DTD contains all HTML elements and attributes, INCLUDING presentational and deprecated elements (like font). Framesets are not allowed.

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">

HTML 4.01 Frameset

This DTD is equal to HTML 4.01 Transitional, but allows the use of frameset content.

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Frameset//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/frameset.dtd">

XHTML 1.0 Strict


This DTD contains all HTML elements and attributes, but does NOT INCLUDE presentational or deprecated elements (like font). Framesets are not allowed. The markup must also be written as wellformed XML.

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">

XHTML 1.0 Transitional


This DTD contains all HTML elements and attributes, INCLUDING presentational and deprecated elements (like font). Framesets are not allowed. The markup must also be written as well-formed XML.

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">

XHTML 1.0 Frameset


This DTD is equal to XHTML 1.0 Transitional, but allows the use of frameset content.

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Frameset//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-frameset.dtd">

XHTML 1.1
This DTD is equal to XHTML 1.0 Strict, but allows you to add modules (for example to provide ruby support for East-Asian languages).

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd">

HTML Reference <a> Tag

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