B

G future perfect and future continuous V weather P vowel sounds

Stormy weather
1 Posted: Tuesday 4th September

1 READING
a Look at the three photos, and read extracts from three blogs. In pairs, guess which country / city the people are writing from. b Read the blogs again and tick () the right box(es). In which blog does someone?
1 2 3 1 go out in spite of a severe weather warning 2 seem to be a foreigner living abroad 3 have fun in spite of the weather 4 complain about how the weather makes him / her feel 5 talk about problems with transport 6 describe how surprised people are by the weather 7 criticize some people for doing something 8 talk about the damage caused by the weather 9 complain that people are not well prepared to cope with the weather

Yesterday was unbelievable. Though we were warned there was going to be a terrible storm , no one really expected or could possibly have visualized hurricane-force winds destroying bus stops and ripping trees out of the wet soil. They told us not to cycle anywhere and to stay indoors, but I had a job interview in the centre so I had to go out. Thank God I did manage to get there, but I had to grab hold of traffic lights so I wouldnt be blown into the road. I saw some crazy people on bikes some of them got blown over and one even seemed to be going backwards. The canals were full of rubbish bins that had got blown in and there were piles of bikes in the streets and broken umbrellas everywhere, which people obviously thought they were going to be able to use and then couldnt. What a mess!
Comments 8

Posted: Sunday 22nd July

c Look at the highlighted words in the blogs and discuss what they mean with a partner. d Would any of these three types of weather be surprising where you live? Have you had any surprising weather where you live recently?

Yet another scorching , sunny day... I never knew this kind of heat was possible here. Last Wednesday was the hottest day ever in this country. The roads were melting in some areas, and the underground was a total nightmare it was like being slowly cooked in an oven. The main problem is that people here dont seem to understand the need for air conditioning during the summer. There is no escaping the heat and if you actually want to go anywhere, you have to be prepared to sweat and learn to enjoy your task sweating. Please tell me, how do you shop? Try on clothes? No thank you. Even going for an ice-cold beer can be uncomfortable if the pub isnt at least equipped with a large fan . So I sit here sweating in my living room. The French windows are open but the coolest room in the apartment is the bathroom and sadly, there is no Internet connection so I cant work there!
Comments 22

Posted: Thursday 8th November

I got woken up today by my daughter screaming, Dadits snowing its snowing! She just couldnt believe it not surprising as they said on the news that it hasnt snowed here for nearly fifty years! We decided not to send her to school and we had a great time we even made a snowman in the yard. We used dried cranberries for the eyes and a baby carrot for the nose because it was a baby snowman. People are so amazed by the totally awesome weather that Ive seen some people just standing there staring as if they were in a trance. You kind of feel its the work of a clever set decorator for a high-budget movie. It was chaos, though, for people going to work Interstate 5 was closed in some parts and a whole load of trucks were stuck in the snow. And its been very bad news for the citrus trees theyre all frozen . Even if it thaws tomorrow, the damage is already done. So Im afraid we wont be eating any local oranges this year!
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2 VOCABULARY weather
a p.150 Vocabulary Bank Weather. b Talk to a partner.
1 What kind of weather do you think is good or bad for? a camping b going for a walk in the mountains c running a marathon d sailing e sightseeing 2 What cities or countries do you associate with? a fog b smog c heavy snow d floods e hurricanes

5 S P EAKI N G & WR ITI N G

GET IT RIGHT modifiers Cross out the wrong form. Tick () if both are correct. 1 Its very cold! / Its very freezing! 2 Its really windy! / Its incredibly windy! 3 Its really boiling today! / Its incredibly boiling today! 4 I was absolutely frightened! / I was absolutely terrified!

3 P R O N U N C IATI O N vowel sounds

Most vowels, or combinations of vowels, can be pronounced in more than one way. If you are unsure what the vowel sound is in a new word, check with your dictionary.

a In small groups, talk about a time when you were somewhere when
there was a flood. it was very foggy or there was bad smog. it was unbearably cold. it was pouring with rain for days on end. there was a gale or hurricane. there was a terrible heatwave. you were caught outside in a thunderstorm. What were you doing at the time? What did you do to protect yourself from the weather? Did you ever feel scared or in danger?

a Look at the groups of words below. Circle the word with a different sound.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 blow weather drizzle hard flood fought muggy scorching
3.4

snow sweat blizzard warm cool ought sunny tornado

showers heavy chilly yard monsoon drought hurricane world

below heat mild farm loose brought humid storm

b c

Listen and check.

3.5 Dictation. Listen and write down five sentences. Then practise saying them.

4 LI STE N I N G
a
3.6 Youre going to listen to Martin Cinert from Prague talking about the night the River Vltava flooded. Mark the sentences T (true) or F (false).

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

His office wasnt at risk, but his flat was. He took his wife and child to his parents house. He went back to the flat because he was excited by the situation. Martin went to a place near his flat to watch the water level rising. He looked out of the window and saw that his car park was starting to flood. He was the last person to leave his block of flats. All of the roads he tried were flooded now. He decided to follow another car through the water. Martins car broke down as he drove through the water. All the flats in his building were seriously damaged.

b Write a short blog (like the ones in 1) describing what the weather has been like recently. Talk about how it has made you feel and how it has affected what you have been doing.

3.7

SONG

l Its raining men

b Listen again. Then in pairs, correct the false sentences. c What do you think you would have done in Martins situation?

3B

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7 GRAMMAR future perfect and future continuous

a Check what you know. Put the verb in brackets in the right future form (will / shall + infinitive, going to or present continuous). Sometimes more than one form is possible.
Future forms 1 A Its freezing in here! B I the window? (close) 2 The sky is really clear! Im sure it a lovely day tomorrow. (be) 3 A Do you think while were in London? (rain) B I dont know, but I my umbrella just in case. Ive already put it in my case. (take) 4 A we lunch in the garden? (have) B Im not sure if its warm enough. What do you think? A I think its fine. I the table outside. (lay) 5 A What time you ? (leave) B Soon, in about ten minutes. Its very foggy, but dont worry. I (drive) really slowly, I promise. And Im sure there too much traffic. (not be) Any problems?

Workbook p.28

b New grammar. Read some of the predictions scientists are making about climate change and complete them with a word from the list below.
become closed down doubled having (x2) melted risen (x3) suffering

c Read the predictions again. Which ones worry you most? Have you noticed the effects of climate change in your country?

Storm clouds on the horizon

Climate change is now something that we cannot close our eyes to, and governments all over the world have finally realized that they have to sit up and take notice. These are some of the things that many scientists predict will happen if we carry on polluting the atmosphere with CO2 emissions.

Short term: by the year 2050

More than a third of the worlds plant and animal species will have 1_____ extinct. The ice in the Arctic Sea will melt every summer, causing the extinction of polar bears, and many glaciers, completely. for example on Mount Kilimanjaro, will have 2 3 50% of the worlds ski resorts will have due to lack of snow.

Mid term: by the year 2100

Sea levels will have 4_____ by between 16cm and 69cm. This means that low-lying islands like the Maldives will no longer be habitable. The number of serious coastal storms and tsunamis will have 5 Northern European cities, e.g. Paris and London will be 6 50 days a year of heatwaves when temperatures are over 30C (there are currently 69 days). .

Long term: by the year 3000

From the British press

Temperatures will have 7 by about 15C. 8 Sea levels will have by more than 11 metres, flooding large areas of Bangladesh, and many low-lying cities, such as London. Hundreds of millions of people will be displaced. One third of the world will be 9 from extreme droughts, and half moderate droughts. Tens of millions of Africans the world will be 10 will have to emigrate.

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3B

d Match the sentences AC with pictures 13.

A This time tomorrow it will be snowing. B By tomorrow evening it will have snowed. C It will snow tomorrow.

p.136 Grammar Bank 3B. Read the rules and do the exercises.

f What do you think? Explain why (not). What are the alternatives? Talk to a partner.
In 20 years time well all be using solar power to heat our houses. low cost airlines will have disappeared and tickets will be extremely expensive. private swimming pools and golf courses will have been banned. everyone will be using public transport to get to work. well have stopped using petrol and we will be using electric cars. people wont be going on skiing holidays anymore.
I think it will have become so warm that we wont need any heating.

I disagree. I think well be using nuclear power.

8 LI STE N I N G & S P EAKI N G

a
Listen to the first part of a news story about a woman called Barbara Haddrill. What did she do? Why?
1 2 3 4 What was Barbaras dilemma? Why? What changes has she made to her lifestyle over the last six years? Why? How did Barbara travel? Through which countries? How was she able to take such a long holiday?
3.9 3.8

b Listen to the first part again and answer the questions.

Listen to the second part and complete the information in the chart.
Time days hours CO2 emissions tonnes tonnes
Barbara Haddrill

UK TO AUSTRALIA ONE-WAY Cost Distance Barbara plane miles miles

d What do you think of Barbaras trip? e Read What can you do to help? about what you can do help prevent climate change. Talk to a partner or in small groups.
Which of the tips below? a do you already do b are you prepared to try to do c are you not prepared to try

What can YOU do to help? The top tips

1 Fly less. Use buses or trains instead where possible. If you have to fly, give money to an organization like Carbon Footprints to compensate for the CO2 emissions of your flight. 2 Drive as little as possible. Use bikes, or public transport. And if you need to drive, buy a hybrid, a car which has an extra electric motor which charges up when you brake. You could also car share with a friend. 3 Use only energy-saving light bulbs. 4 Plant trees. Two or three dozen trees can absorb a whole households emissions of CO2. 5 Dont keep your TV or other electrical appliances on standby. Switch them off completely. 6 Use the cold water wash on your washing machine, and use a dishwasher, on the economy programme, which uses less energy and water than hand-washing dishes. 7 Try to buy organic food, if possible which has been grown locally. Take your own shopping bags when you go to supermarkets. 8 Turn your heating down and wear a sweater if youre cold. If you use air conditioning, dont have it at less than 25C. 9 Have showers not baths. 10 Support an environmental organization, for example Friends of the Earth or Greenpeace. 11 Regularly recycle paper, glass, plastic, and household waste. 12 Vote for the political party which is doing the most to combat climate change.

3B

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Weather
1 Whats the weather like?
a Put the words or phrases in the right place in the chart.
below zero breeze chilly cool damp drizzling freezing gale-force mild pouring (with rain) scorching showers warm 1 Its . (quite cold, not cold or hot) 2 Its . (unpleasantly cold) 5 Its . (pleasant and not cold) 6 Its . (a pleasantly high temperature)

b Complete the text with fog, mist, and smog.

When the weather is foggy or misty, or there is smog, it is difficult to see. is not usually very thick, and often occurs in the mountains or near the sea. is thicker, and can be found in towns and in the country. is caused by pollution and usually occurs in big cities.

8 Its . (a bit wet but not raining) 9 Its . (raining lightly) 10 There are . (short periods of rain) Its raining / wet. 11 Its (raining a lot)

12 Theres a (a light wind)

Its cold. 3 Its . 4 The temperature is . (10)

Its hot. 7 Its / boiling. (unpleasantly hot)

Its windy.

13 There are (very strong) winds.

2 Extreme weather
Match the words and definitions.
blizzard drought /draUt/ flood /flVd/ hailstorm heatwave hurricane lightning monsoon thunder tornado 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 (n) a period of unusually hot weather (n) a long, usually hot, dry period when there is little or no rain (n) a storm with small balls of ice that fall like rain (n) a flash of very bright light in the sky caused by electricity (n and v) the loud noise that you hear during a storm (n) a snowstorm with very strong winds (v and n) when everything becomes filled and covered with water (n) a violent storm with very strong winds especially in the western Atlantic Ocean (n) a violent storm with very strong winds which move in a circle (n) the season when it rains a lot in southern Asia

3 Adjectives to describe weather

Complete the weather forecast with these adjectives.
bright changeable clear heavy icy settled strong sunny thick
In the north of England and Scotland it will be very cold, with 1 winds and 2 rain. There will also be 3 fog in the hills and near the coast, though it should clear by midday. Driving will be dangerous as the roads will be 4 . However, the south of England and the Midlands will have 5 skies and 6 sunshine, though the temperature will still be quite low. Over the next few days the weather will be 7 , with some showers but occasional 8 periods. It should become more 9 over the weekend.

4 Adjectives and verbs connected with weather

Match the sentences. Can you guess the meaning of the words in bold? 1 Be careful! The pavements A Come and sit in the shade. very slippery. 2 Youre shivering. B It will all be gone by tonight. 3 Im sweating /"swetIN/. C You might fall over. 4 I got soaked this morning. D Its hot and damp and theres no air. 5 Its very humid /"hju;mId/ today. E Can we turn the air conditioning on? 6 The snow is starting to melt. F Do you want to borrow my jacket? 7 Dont get sunburnt! G It poured with rain and I didnt have an umbrella.

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Can you remember the words on this page? Test yourself or a partner.

p.41

150

Study Link

MultiROM www.oup.com/elt/englishfile/upper-intermediate

3B
Vocabulary Bank

Weather
below zero adj /bI%l@U "zI@r@U/ blizzard n /"blIz@d/ breeze n /bri;z/ bright adj /braIt/ changeable adj /"tSeIndZ@bl/ chilly adj /"tSIli/ clear adj /klI@/ cool adj /ku;l/ damp adj /d&mp/ drizzle v /"drIzl/ drought n /draUt/ flood n /flVd/ fog n /fQg/ freezing adj /"fri;zIN/ gale-force adj /"geIlfO;s/ get soaked v /%get "s@Ukt/ get sunburnt v /%get "sVnb3;nt/ hailstorm n /"heIlstO;m/ heatwave n /"hi;tweIv/ heavy adj /"hevi/ humid adj /"hju;mId/ hurricane n /"hVrIk@n/ icy adj /"aIsi/ lightning n /"laItnIN/ melt v /melt/ mild adj /maIld/ mist n /mIst/ monsoon n /%mQn"su;n/ pouring (with rain) adj /"pO;rIN/ scorching adj /"skO;tSIN/ settled adj /"setld/ shiver v /"SIv@r/ showers n /"SaU@z/ slippery adj /"slIp@ri/ smog n /smQg/ strong adj /strQN/ sunny adj /"sVni/ sweat v /"swet/ thick adj /TIk/ thunder n /"TVnd@/ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________

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tornado n /tQ;"neId@U/ warm adj /wO;m/ More Words to Learn canal n /k@"n&l/ chaos n /"keIQs/ climate change n /"klaIm@t %tSeIndZ/ CO2 emissions n /%si; @U tu; I"mISnz/ crazy adj /"kreIzi/ fan n /f&n/ organic adj /O;"g&nIk/ recycle v /%ri;"saIkl/ rubbish bin n /"rVbIS %bIn/ sea level n /"si; levl/ More words in 3B absorb v /@b"zO;b/ air-conditioning n /"e@ k@ndISnIN/ appliances n /@"plaI@nsIz/ block n /blQk/ brake v /breIk/ bridesmaid n /"braIdzmeId/ budget n /"bVdZIt/ bulbs n /bVlbz/ bulletins n /"bUl@tInz/ coastal adj /"k@Ustl/ combat v /"kQmb&t/ compensate v /"kQmp@nseIt/ dilemma n /dI"lem@/ displace v /dIs"pleIs/ dozen n /"dVzn/ environmental adj /In%vaIr@n"mentl/ epic adj /"epIk/ equipped adj /I"kwIpt/ extinct adj /Ik"stINkt/ footprints n /"fUtprInts/ glaciers n /"gl&si@z/ habitable adj /"h&bIt@bl/ horizon n /h@"raIzn/ household n /"haUsh@Uld/ hybrid adj /"haIbrId/ ice-cold adj /%aIs"k@Uld/ impassable adj /Im"pA;s@bl/ lifestyle n /"laIfstaIl/ looters n /"lu;t@z/ low-lying adj /%l@U"laIIN/

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_______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________

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mess n /mes/ overflow v /%@Uv@"fl@U/ perverse adj /p@"v3;s/ polar adj /"p@Ul@/ resorts n /rI"zO;ts/ rising adj /"raIzIN/ routes n /ru;ts/ set off v /set Qf/ slush n /slVS/ soil n /sOIl/ solar adj /"s@Ul@/ species n /"spi;siz/ standby n /"st&ndbaI/ stare v /ste@/ stuck adj /stVk/ thaw v /TO;/ trance n /trA;ns/ tsunami n /tsu;"nA;mi/ unbearably adv /Vn"be@r@bli/ visualize v /"vIZu@laIz/ wade v /weId/ yard n /jA;d/

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3C
More Words to Learn according to prep /@"kO;dIN t@/ catastrophe n /k@"t&str@fi/ drown v /draUn/ hazard n /"h&z@d/ instead adv /In"sted/ playground n /"pleIgraUnd/ scare v /ske@/ sue v /su;/ threat n /Tret/ whereas conj /%we@"r&z/ More words in 3C assess v /@"ses/ baby-buggies n /"beIbi %bVgiz/ cautious adj /"kO;S@s/ cholesterol n /k@"lest@rQl/ consultant n /k@n"sVlt@nt/ decisive adj /dI"saIsIv/ dread n /dred/ element n /"el@m@nt/ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________

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