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06 ATA29 Hydraulics 2012

The document discusses hydraulic systems for aviation. It describes the general principles of hydraulic systems and their components, including pumps, actuators, reservoirs, and control computers. It provides examples of hydraulic architectures for the Falcon 900, Airbus A320, and Boeing 787 aircraft. It also covers the advantages and drawbacks of hydraulic systems, noting they provide large power remotely but are also complex, heavy, and maintenance-intensive due to redundancy requirements.

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Jack Azad
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
358 views17 pages

06 ATA29 Hydraulics 2012

The document discusses hydraulic systems for aviation. It describes the general principles of hydraulic systems and their components, including pumps, actuators, reservoirs, and control computers. It provides examples of hydraulic architectures for the Falcon 900, Airbus A320, and Boeing 787 aircraft. It also covers the advantages and drawbacks of hydraulic systems, noting they provide large power remotely but are also complex, heavy, and maintenance-intensive due to redundancy requirements.

Uploaded by

Jack Azad
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Aviation Systems Design

Frederic ABADIE
[email protected]

General
Hydraulic Systems : principles

Hydraulic Components
Pumps Actuators Reservoirs Control computer

Examples of Hydraulic architectures


FALCON 900 AIRBUS A320 BOEING 787

Hydraulics : Advantages and Drawbacks


2012-2013 Aviation Systems Design 2

General
Hydraulic Systems : principles

Hydraulic Components
Pumps Actuators Reservoirs Control computer

Examples of Hydraulic architectures


FALCON 900 AIRBUS A320 BOEING 787

Hydraulics : Advantages and Drawbacks


2012-2013 Aviation Systems Design 3

General principle of an Hydraulic system

2012-2013

Aviation Systems Design

Hydraulics consumers
ATA 27 : Flight Control surfaces : ailerons, slats, flaps, rudder, spoilers...
ATA 32 : Landing gear extension / retraction / wheel steering ATA 7x : Thrust reversers, fan cowls ATA 52 : Cargo doors

ATA 24 : Backup electrical generation...

Hydraulics components
Engine Driven Pumps, Electric Motor Pumps

Hydraulic actuators
Reservoirs, accumulators Control computer Filters, valves...
2012-2013 Aviation Systems Design 5

General
Hydraulic Systems : principles

Hydraulic Components
Pumps Actuators Reservoirs Control computer

Examples of Hydraulic architectures


FALCON 900 AIRBUS A320 BOEING 787

Hydraulics : Advantages and Drawbacks


2012-2013 Aviation Systems Design 6

Engine Driven Pumps


EDPs are the main source for hydraulics pressurisation :
3000 psi (legacy Aircraft) 5000 psi (A380, B787, A350...) Nominal flow rate ~20-50 l/min

1 or 2 EDP per circuit


To share pressure load For redundancy (safety, availability)

Electric Motor Pumps


Powered through Electrical AC busbar

(usually 115VAC / 400Hz) Used on ground when engines off, to allow maintenance tasks (cargo doors...) and circuit pressurisation Used in flight to compensate pressure drops or as a backup for EDPs
2012-2013 Aviation Systems Design 7

Hydraulic actuators
Hydraulic actuators CONVERT the energy produced

from hydraulic pressure into linear mechanical output


Hydraulic ports Hydraulic port

Actuator capacity is given by :

F (lbs) = P (psi) x A (inch2)


e.g. A 2 inches rod under 3000 psi develop ~ 6000 pounds (2,7 tons)
2012-2013 Aviation Systems Design 8

Hydraulic reservoirs
1 reservoir per circuit provides Hydraulics fluid to the whole line
Reservoir gather return lines Pressurised from Bleed, or from pressurized air (or N2), or by Hydraulics

to avoid pump cavitation


Hyd. reservoir

EMP

Feed line

2012-2013

Aviation Systems Design

Control computer
Controls fluid pressure (e.g. 3000 200 psi ) and temperature (~+50C)
Commands pressure regulating valves , selector & fire shut off valves Reports pumps, valves and reservoirs status
Fluid Quantity indication

Fluid Pressure indication

2012-2013

Aviation Systems Design

10

General
Hydraulic Systems : principles

Hydraulic Components
Pumps Actuators Reservoirs Control computer

Examples of Hydraulic architectures


FALCON 900 AIRBUS A320 BOEING 787

Hydraulics : Advantages and Drawbacks


2012-2013 Aviation Systems Design 11

2 or 3 independent hydraulics circuits :


Segregation (safety)
Load sharing Availability Hydraulic fluid cannot be exchanged between the different circuits

3000 psi

2012-2013

Aviation Systems Design

12

2012-2013

Aviation Systems Design

13

2012-2013

Aviation Systems Design

14

General
Hydraulic Systems : principles

Hydraulic Components
Pumps Actuators Reservoirs Control computer

Examples of Hydraulic architectures


FALCON 900 AIRBUS A320 BOEING 787

Hydraulics : Advantages and Drawbacks


2012-2013 Aviation Systems Design 15

Advantages :
Enable large amount of power to be applied in remote zones (wings,

HTP/VTP)
Actuators : Good Power to Weight ratio and Power to Size ratio Actuators : simple, mature technology Widely spread technology (industry, building, automation...)

Drawbacks :
Main source of leakages
Global system is complex / heavy due to circuits redundancy & segregation High impact on maintenance (complexity time & cost)

2012-2013

Aviation Systems Design

16

Questions ?

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