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Training Guide BN_TRD_PS2_02_02_C_EN

Module 2 - General Presentation

January 2011

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Responsible

Date

Signature

Authoring

PREM KUMAR P

17 Jan 2011

1 n 201 17 Ja

Approval

STEPHANE SELARD

17 Jan 2011

Revision
BN_TRD_PS2_02_02_C_EN

Date
17 Jan 2011

Content
Modified Template

Responsible
PREM KUMAR P

02_C

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1. Airbus presentation
1. Airbus presentation
Airbus story (1970-2000)
Launch of Launch of the A340 the A321 (295 seats) Launch of Launch of the A330 (180-200 seats) The A320 (265 seats) (130-170 seats) Launch of 1989 the A310 (218 seats) 1987

Launch of the A300 (266 seats)

Creation of GIE Airbus

1984 1978
Launch of the A318 (107 seats) Launch of the A380 (555 seats)

1970 1969
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Launch of the A319 (120 seats)

Launch of the A330-200/300 (253-335 seats)

Launch of the A340-500/600 (313-380 seats)

2000 1999

1997 1995

1992
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1. Airbus presentation
The future aircraft A350

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The A350 XWB (extra wide-body) will be available in three basic passenger versions, flying up to 350 passengers on a range of more than 15,750 km / 8,500 nm. The latest innovations in terms of advanced technologies will be incorporated in the airliner Family, including all-new, easy-to-maintain, and much lighter Carbon Fibre Reinforced Plastic (CFRP) panelled fuselage skins. Furthermore it is designed to confront the challenges of high fuel prices, rising passenger expectations, and environmental concerns in that market segment. The A350 XWB was given its industrial launch in December 2006 and its entry into service is planned for 2013.

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1. Airbus presentation
Airbus organisation

E.A.D.S

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AIRBUS FRANCE

AIRBUS DEUTSCHLAND

AIRBUS ESPAA

AIRBUS UK

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2. Airbus aircraft and fleet

2. Airbus aircraft and fleet
2.1 Airbus aircraft family
The Airbus civil program aircraft is divided into 4 families : - Mega Body (MB) : A380 - Long Range (LR) : A330, A340 - Wide Body (WB) : A300, A310, A300-600 - Single Aisle (SA) : A318, A319, A320, A321

The other Airbus programs aircraft are : - Military Program : A400M, Airbus A310 and A330 Multi Role Tanker Transport (MRTT)
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- Transporter : A300-600ST (Beluga SATIC) - Executive and Private Aviation : essentially base on Single Aisle family named Airbus Corporate Jet (ACJ)

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2. Airbus aircraft and fleet

Seats 600

Civil aircraft range and seat capacities

A380

500

400

A340-600

A340-500 A330-300 A340-300 A340-200

300
A300 BN_TRD_PS2_02_02_C_EN A330-200 A310

200

A321 A320 A319

.

100

A318

5000

7000

9000

11000

13000

15000

16000

Range (km)
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2. Airbus aircraft and fleet

Family bodies comparison

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2. Airbus aircraft and fleet

2.2 Standard (STD)
The Aircraft standard is an industrial designation which corresponds to a standard basic configuration (i.e. an initial design).

Depending on the successive design improvements, an aircraft family might have from 1 to 13 standards.

A simple example is the one of SA family, where 4 standards exists corresponding to the 4 aircrafts within this family : - STD1 = A320, - STD2 = A321, - STD3 = A319, - STD4 = A318.
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2. Airbus aircraft and fleet

2.3 Version
The version is given by the Design Office. The version is a group of same aircrafts in terms of main technical specifications (engine, STD).

The version identifier is used only for in-service purpose. All aircrafts within a same generic model sold to the same operator are gathered in a single customized version. This version defines for example the cabin configuration.

For each new customer or new cabin configuration within an aircraft generic model, a new version is created, so that there are now several hundreds of versions covering the entire Airbus fleet.

The version is used only to manage configuration within Airbus documentation.

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Examples of version : - DLH03 for Deutsche Lufthansa AG version 03, - AFR06 for Air France version 06.

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2. Airbus aircraft and fleet

2.4 Manufacturer Serial Number (MSN)
The Manufacturer Serial Number is the chronological serial number of an aircraft within a family. It is given to an aircraft at the production of the first part dedicated to this A/C (structure/system). It is used to track all parts of the aircraft during production to gather them for final assembly, and on the assembly line and after (during operation) for Airbus purposes.

2.5 Fleet Serial Number (FSN)

The Fleet Serial Number is proprietary of the Operator. It is the serial number of the aircraft within the whole fleet of the operator, knowing that the fleet may be composed of several A/C families and even several A/C manufacturers.

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In order to help operator identify the aircrafts concerned by a maintenance task, the applicability in the AMM is expressed in FSN.

Careful, this number has the same characteristics (4 numeric digits) than the MSN but the ordering is different.

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2. Airbus aircraft and fleet

Examples : - FSN : 0001-0049 = 737 aircraft, - FSN : 0050-0099 = A320 aircraft, - FSN : 0301-0399 = A340 aircraft.

This is an extract from an Aircraft table where you can find the MSN, STD, version and several additional information refer to a specific customer (as its code, register, flight hours). Its the best way to identify easily an Airbus aircraft in the fleet.

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Airbus Aircraft n 0609

STD3 = A319

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2. Airbus aircraft and fleet

2.6 Synthesis Table
It shows the current status for all Airbus departments in which Sonovision-Itep is involved.
Engineering Sales X X I I I Operator X x X Customer Support Tech Pub Maintenan ce Domain Operation al Domain Material Domain Repair Domain Wiring Domain X X X FAL

Identifier

Example

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Family MSN Aircraft Model Standard Weight Variant WV Group Version FSN Registration

Long Range F0531 A330-211 STD7 WV052 Group 32E CAL02 0001 0531 F-WAAA

Maintenance Engineering X I

X X

X X

X X

X* I X X X** I X x

I x

Airbus internal use only Other possible identifier

X *

Preferred identifier For structure items only

**

For customized doc only

(source : How_to_Identify_an_Airbus_Aircraft.ppt AGaborriaud)

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3. Technical manuals and maintenance engineering

3. Technical manuals and maintenance engineering
3.1 Technical manuals
All the technical manuals are defined and published by the Airbus product support department regarding authorities specifications. Airbus supplies these documentations to his customers to allow the aircraft exploitation.

3.1.1 Domains

The technical manuals are decomposed in domains. Sonovision-Itep is involved with the following : Maintenance domain AMM Aircraft Maintenance Manual WDM * Wiring Diagram Manual TSM Trouble Shooting Manual Material domain CMM Component Maintenance Manual IPC Illustrated Parts Catalogue ARM NTM SRM Repair domain Aircraft Recovery Manual Non-destructive Testing Manual Structural Repair Manual

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* WDM is subdivided into 3 manuals : AWM (Aircraft Wiring Manual), ASM (Aircraft Schematic Manual) and AWL (Aircraft List Manual)

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3. Technical manuals and maintenance engineering

3.1.2 Categories

There are 3 categories of technical manuals : - Mandatory : airworthiness authorities defines mandatory the delivery by the aircraft manufacturer or by equipment suppliers, part of documents. - Recommended : these documents allow to reduce maintenance time, check cost - Optional : Any other.

Document supplying is negotiated between aircraft manufacturer and customer.

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3. Technical manuals and maintenance engineering

Documentation
WDM AMM TSM

CMM SRM IPC

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3. Technical manuals and maintenance engineering

3.2 Maintenance engineering
EASA FAR 25.1529 certification specifications impose the manufacturer to develop and keep up the Instruction for Continued Airworthiness (ICA). Part of ICA is dedicated to scheduled maintenance : at Type Certification of a new model or a variant, the manufacturer has to deliver a batch of scheduled maintenance documentation to ensure that the aircraft will be maintained in an airworthy condition.

We can distinguish the Maintenance Review Board Report (MRBR) and the Airworthiness Limitation Section (ALS). All these documents are applicable to all operators of the relevant aircraft.

For the Maintenance Review Board (MRB), the documentation is decomposed as following : - the MRB Report (MRBR), - the Policy and Procedure Handbook (PPH) that has been used to develop the MRB Report, - the batch of MSG3 analyses :
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- Maintenance Significant Item (MSI) analyses for Systems and Power Plant, - Structure Significant Item (SSI) analyses for Structure, - Zonal (ZL) analyses for Zones.

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3. Technical manuals and maintenance engineering

For the Airworthiness Limitation Section (ALS), the documentation is decomposed as following : - ALS Part 1 : Safe Life Airworthiness Limitation Items (SL ALI), - ALS Part 2 : Damage Tolerant Airworthiness Limitation Items (DT ALI), - ALS Part 3 :Certification Maintenance Requirements (CMR), - ALS Part 4 : Aging System Maintenance (ASM), - ALS Part 5 : Fuel Airworthiness Limitation Items (FAL), - ALS Part 6 : Aircraft Information System Security (AISS) for A380 only.

The operators must use all the scheduled maintenance requirements listed in the MRB Report and the ALS to develop their own customized maintenance program that must be approved by their local Airworthiness Authorities. To ease this task, Airbus compiles the ALS and the MRB requirements into the Maintenance Planning Document (MPD).

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4. Aeronautic standards (ATA) breakdown

4. Aeronautic standards (ATA) breakdown
There are 3 objectives for Air Transport Association of America (ATA) : - flight safety, - good reliability, - low cost.

The manual policies are managed by rules described in the standard ATA 100 and ATA 2100.

ATA 100 is used for all the hard copy. ATA gives the different rules in order to harmonized the documentation of different aircraft suppliers for easy customer use.

ATA 2100 define the rules for computed documentation.

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A software is used to transform ATA 2100 computed documentation to ATA 100 hard copy documentation.

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4. Aeronautic standards (ATA) breakdown

Breakdown arrangement and numbering system
CONTENT AIRCRAFT GENERAL Time Limits/Maintenance Checks Dimensions & Areas Lifting and Shoring Leveling & Weighing Towing & Taxiing Parking & Mooring Placards & Markings Servicing 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 CHAPTER
CONTENT AIRFRAME SYSTEMS Standard Practices - Airframe Air Conditioning Auto Flight Communications Electrical Power Equipment/Furnishings Fire Protection Flight Controls Fuel Hydraulic Power Ice & Rain Protection Indicating/Recording Systems Landing Gear Lights 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 38 45 46 49 CHAPTER

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Navigation Oxygen Pneumatic Water/Waste Onboard Maintenance Systems (OMS) Information Systems Airborne Auxiliairy Power

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4. Aeronautic standards (ATA) breakdown

Breakdown arrangement and numbering system (ctnd)
CONTENT STRUCTURE Structures Doors Fuselage Nacelles/Pylons Stabilizers Windows Wings 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 CHAPTER

CONTENT POWER PLANT Standard Practices - Engines Power Plant Engine Engine Fuel and Control Ignition Air Engine Controls Engine Indicating Exhaust Oil

CHAPTER

70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80

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Starting

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4. Aeronautic standards (ATA) breakdown

4.1 Chapter breakdown policy
ATA chapter format : XX-XX-XX

The systems (2 digits level) are defined by the ATA (or AECMA) specification. They are used to identify the main System areas (i.e. 29-00-00).

The subsystems (3 digits level) identifies the subsystems, in accordance to the ATA definition splitting and relevant contents (i.e. 29-10-00)

The sub-Subsystems (4 digits level) identifies the subsystems used inside a program, in accordance to the ATA (or AECMA) definition. The 4th digit level is used to reflect the technical solutions chosen (i.e. 29-11-00). At the subject level (5th and 6th digit), there is the ATA/AECMA Breakdown which is presently established and managed by Tech Data (i.e. 29-11-14).

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4. Aeronautic standards (ATA) breakdown

1. Each chapter system is broken down into subsystems.

Example : 29-00-00 Hydraulic Power - General system

29-10-00 Main Hydraulic Power

subsystems

29-20-00 Auxiliary Hydraulic Power

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4. Aeronautic standards (ATA) breakdown

2. Each subsystem is broken down into sub-subsystems (installations/circuits).

Example : 29-10-00 Main Hydraulic Power subsystem

sub-subsystems

29-11-00 Green Main Hydraulic Power

29-12-00 Blue Main Hydraulic Power

29-13-00
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Yellow Main Hydraulic Power

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4. Aeronautic standards (ATA) breakdown

3. Each sub-subsystem is broken down into subjects.

Example :

29-11-00 Green Main Hydraulic Power | | |--- 29-11-14 Main HP Manifold 1011GM | | |--- 29-11-15 PTU Manifold 1013GM | | |--- 29-11-32 Relief Valve 1063GM | | |--- 29-11-33 Priority Valve 1064GM
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sub-subsystem

subject

subject

subject

subject

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4. Aeronautic standards (ATA) breakdown

Chapter breakdown example

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4. Aeronautic standards (ATA) breakdown

4.2 Electrical, electronic systems and circuit identification
The marking of systems and circuits is in accordance with the following coding system.

4.2.1 System identification letters

The letters A and B are reserved for special request by an airline for system references where the system is considered likely to be unique to that airline and not covered by the system letters shown in the table.

C - Flight control systems D - De-icing E - Engine monitoring

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F - Flight instrumentation G - Landing gear H - Air conditioning J - Hydraulics

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4. Aeronautic standards (ATA) breakdown

K - Engine/APU control and starting L - Lighting M - Interior arrangement/Passenger service system N - Wiring for negative and/or neutral polarity P - DC generation Q - Fuel R - Radio (navigation & communications) S - Radar, navigation T - Recording V - Fictitious circuits W - Fire protection & warning system X - AC Generation
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4. Aeronautic standards (ATA) breakdown

4.2.2 Circuit identification

The identification number of a circuit consists of 2 letters : the letter of the system followed by a letter identifying the circuit within a system.

Example : CA C : System Identification A : Circuit Identification

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4. Aeronautic standards (ATA) breakdown

4.3 Functional Item Number (FIN)

The equipment on the A/C is identified by a unique identifier designated Functional Item Number (FIN). The basic element of the FIN is a two letter code indicating to which system circuit the equipment belongs. To this code are added prefixes and/or suffixes which provide the unique identification for individual items of equipment.

For electrical equipment (any component with an electrical connection) the FIN is of the form 2CA1 where : - 2 = Second component in circuit CA, - CA = Circuit two letter code, - 1 = Suffix - First of several similar systems (System 1).

Note : several identical components which perform the same function in the same circuit can be differentiated by the suffix number. The general rule is that an even suffix is identifies a component on the right hand side and an odd suffix identifies a component on the left hand side. For mechanical equipment the FIN is similar to the electrical FIN.
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4. Aeronautic standards (ATA) breakdown

4.4 Zones identification
The zones are divided and limited as follows: - major zones, - major sub-zones, - unit zones, They are identified by a three digit number.

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4. Aeronautic standards (ATA) breakdown

4.4.1 Major zones

Major zones are identified by hundred as follows : - 100 Fuselage lower section - 200 Fuselage top section - 300 Stabilizers - 400 Nacelles - 500 Left wing - 600 Right wing - 700 Landing gear - 800 Doors

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4. Aeronautic standards (ATA) breakdown

4.4.2 Major sub-zones

Major sub-zones are identified by the ten of the majors zones.

Examples : - 210 Cockpit area - 130 Forward cargo area

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4. Aeronautic standards (ATA) breakdown

4.4.3 Unit zones

Unit Zones are identified by the number of the units of the major zones

Example : - 231 Forward passenger compartment area LH side

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4. Aeronautic standards (ATA) breakdown

4.4.4 Station and frame identification

The fuselage stations are measured along the X datum.

The stations are given in millimeters.

The fuselage is divided into various frames (FR). The FR1 is the first nose frame fuselage.

The frames and their stations are shown on the figure.

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4. Aeronautic standards (ATA) breakdown

Example from AWM

FIN ZONE
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STATION

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4. Aeronautic standards (ATA) breakdown

Example from AMM

FIN
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4. Aeronautic standards (ATA) breakdown

Example from IPC

ZONE

FRAME

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FIN

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5. Referenced documents
5. Referenced documents
To be updated with experience and QAP

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6. Simplified Technical English

6. Simplified Technical English
6.1 Why Simplified Technical English ?
English language is used in more than 60 countries and is the international language of the aerospace industry. However, it is not the native language of most readers of aircraft documentation. English can vary from one country to the next and also within a same country (example : Scottish, Irish or the dialects).

In aeronautics, information comes from different sources : - scientists or engineers who create the product, - people who manufacture, inspect, maintain or use the product.

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After a study on maintenance, the airlines have identified a need to homogenize the documentation. A study at the end of the 70s leads to a project between the Association of European Airlines (AEA) and the Association European of Aerospace Materials (AECMA). The result of this project is the Simplified Technical English Guide.

STE is since then developed regularly through international meetings of members to ease reading of technical documentation.

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6. Simplified Technical English

The STE guide is unique in the aeronautics industry: there is only one word for one idea or action, it gives a precise definition of a word and provides writing rules for the use of this word.

6.2 What is Simplified Technical English ?

Simplified Technical English is a dictionary and a set of writing rules that defines the use of this manual.

Words are chosen because they are simple and their relations to other languages. Example : OCCUR is a word more international than HAPPEN, and is then chosen for this reason.

A family of synonyms has only one word. Example : START instead of COMMENCE, BEGIN, INITIATE.
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In case of American or English words, the American word prevails. Example : US ~er : center, meter / GB ~re : centre, metre US ~led : refueled / GB ~lled : refuelled

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6. Simplified Technical English

Each word has a precise definition and its use must be in accordance with this definition. Other words are available : Technical Names. There is a lot of technical names and constructors use them with different designations.

6.3 Writing rules

6.3.1 Purpose of the STE guide

The guide provides rules and main characteristics of Simplified English. It is not a book on English language or technical writing.

Therefore, all the topics used in reference manuals or standards are not included in this guide (TDG).

The STE guide does not include abbreviations.

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This guide is for Authors that have a good knowledge of written English.

The rules and the vocabulary will allow the Author to transmit complex information in a clear, simple and homogeneous way.

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6. Simplified Technical English

6.3.2 Words

Approved in the dictionary (STE). Example : arise (v), not STE : Lower-case. Example : AROUND (pre), STE : Upper-case.

Words with the approved meaning. Not STE : Insufficient oil will cut the life of the equipment. STE : Insufficient oil will decrease the life of the equipment. Not STE : If the temperature falls to less than 0C. STE : If the temperature decreases below 0C. Not STE : ...a film of ice will be visible on the wing.
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STE : you can see a layer of ice on the wing.

Use words that are technical names or verbs. Bolt, airport, degree, page 1.1.3 of the guide (20 categories).

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6. Simplified Technical English

Use approved words only in the part of speech given. Example : Test is a noun, not a verb. Not STE : Test the system. STE : Do the test of the system.

6.3.3 Noun phrases

Noun clusters : must be less than 3 words.

Use hyphens for noun clusters greater than 3 words.

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Use the active voice. Not STE : Heat is generated by friction. STE : Friction generates heat.

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6. Simplified Technical English

6.3.4 Verbs

Use the approved forms of the verbs : infinitive, imperative, simple present tense, simple past tense, past participle as an adjective, future tense, no ing form. Not STE : Make sure that the circuit breakers have been closed. STE : Make sure that the circuit breakers are closed.

6.3.5 Descriptive writing

Keep text as simple and readable as possible.

Give information, not instructions.

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Keep sentences as short as possible (25-word sentences maximum) (Rule 6.3).

Use paragraphs to separate steps (Rule 6.4).

Present new and complex information slowly.

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6. Simplified Technical English

6.3.6 Warnings, cautions and notes

Write notes to give information, not commands.

Start a warning or a caution with a simple and clear command.

Be specific in a warning or command.

6.3.7 Punctuation and words counts

Use colons (:) and dashes (-) to make tabular layouts.

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Use a hyphen (-) as a joining signal.

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6. Simplified Technical English

Maximum words for a DS: 25 words (20 words for a PS) : - You must not use hearing-aids or battery-operated equipment which will cause sparks. - De-energize the aircraft electrical circuits supplied from the external power. - Make sure that the ON legends of the APU/MASTER SW, ENG/FADEC GND PWR/1, ENG/FADEC GND PWR/2 pushbuttons are on.

Do not use semi-colons (;).

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6. Simplified Technical English

6.4 Writing practices
Use a check list : - spelling, - grammar, - English or STE, - punctuation, - capital letters when necessary.

See specification ASD-STE100 Simplified Technical English.

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