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CT For Generator Protection-Rev1

The document calculates the fault current of a 2000KVA, 415V generator to be approximately 25.295 kA, which is around 9 times the full load current of 2782A. It determines that class 5P10 current transformers (CTs) would be sufficient, as they can withstand currents up to 10 times their rating without saturating. It further calculates that for an external fault, the voltage across the differential protection relay would be 31.69V, while the knee point voltage of a class 5P10 CT is 63.465V, ensuring the CTs would not saturate under worst case external fault conditions.

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Neetha Lakshman
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1K views

CT For Generator Protection-Rev1

The document calculates the fault current of a 2000KVA, 415V generator to be approximately 25.295 kA, which is around 9 times the full load current of 2782A. It determines that class 5P10 current transformers (CTs) would be sufficient, as they can withstand currents up to 10 times their rating without saturating. It further calculates that for an external fault, the voltage across the differential protection relay would be 31.69V, while the knee point voltage of a class 5P10 CT is 63.465V, ensuring the CTs would not saturate under worst case external fault conditions.

Uploaded by

Neetha Lakshman
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Project Name -Lodha IT Park

Document No -

CT Sizing & Max Fault Level of Generator

Diesel Generating set comprises of diesel engine as the prime mover. When a short circuit
occurs on the system powered by a generator, the generator continues to produce voltage at the
generator terminals as the field excitation is maintained and the prime mover drives the
generator at normal speed. The generated voltage causes a large magnitude fault current flow
from the generator to the short circuit. The flow of fault current is limited only by the generator
impedance and the impedance of circuit between the generator and short circuit. In case of a
short circuit at the generator terminals, the fault current is limited by generator impedance only

Objective – To calculate the fault current of the generator

Generator Rating – 2000KVA

Rated Voltage -415V

Sub Transient Reactance Xd “ - 0.11 ( Reference Technical Data Sheet of Alternator )

Fault Current If = Fault MVA / √3 x kV

Fault MVA = MVA / Xd”

Fault MVA = 2/0.11 = 18.1818

Fault Current = 18.1818/ √3 x 0.415 = 25.295 kA

Full Load Current of the Generator = MVA / √3 x kV =2.782kA or 2782 A

This means that the fault current is (25.295/2782 ) times i.e approximately 9times the full
load current .

Due to this reason Class 5P10 CTs will suffice for Protection , as they will not saturate for
upto 10times the rated current .
Further Calculations

Let us calculate the Knee Point Voltage requirement of CT for differential protection .

The following assumptions are made during such a calculation for stability under worst
external fault .The settings are such that the relay shall not operate for a spill current due to CT
saturation under worst external fault conditions

Consider a case where fault occurs outside the protected zone (i.e-external fault) .

If= Fault Current

RL= Lead Resistance

RCT = CT Secondary resistance

Vs= Voltage across the relay at the time of fault If

Neutral CT Phase CT

If

R Vs

Vs = If (RCT + 2RL)
Ifp = 25.295 kA (Primary Fault Current )
RCT = 0.582 ohms RL =0.11ohms ( Considering Length between AMF panel to DG as
15metres )
If = (Ifp*5)/3200 =39.52A

Vs= 39.52(0.582+0.22)= 31.69V

Voltage across the relay during worst fault = Vs =31.69V

Vk = Knee point Voltage of CT.

Knee Point voltage of CT should be higher than this voltage across the relay

Let us calculate the knee point volatge of the CT under consideration (Class 5P10)

Vk = (VA x ALF ) / CT secondary + (CT secondary x ALF x RCT @ 75deg C)

ALF = 10

VA =15

RCT @75deg C = RCT X 1.15

Vk = (15 x 10) / 5 + (5 x 10 x 0.582X1.15 ) = 30 + 33.465 = 63.465 V

Conclusion – The knee point Voltage Vk of the Class PS CT is much higher than the
voltage across the relay Vs for a worst external fault .Therefore Class 5P10 CT will
suffice as it will not saturate under this condition .

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