Boiling Out

Boiling out of the boiler and the steam/feed water system shall be done: 1. before initial start up 2. in case of oil in the boilers water side 3. in case of heavy corrosion. There are two methods of cleaning: - al aline boiling - acid cleaning.

Boiling out before the boiler is placed in service to remove any foreign products
The unit should be filled through the feed connections to the normal wor ing level with water of the same !uality as that of the feed water to be used for regular service. "are should be ta en to use only properly treated and deaerated water# so that optimum conditions will be in force from the start in limiting the formation of scale# corrosion and other difficulties caused by improperly conditioned water. The chemicals used for boiling out are completely dissolved in water before they enter the unit. The dissolved chemicals are pumped into the boiler through the chemical feed connection or# as a second choice# the chemical solution may be poured through the manhole after bringing the water level up to about half way between the bottom of the drum and the manhole. $ith all the water in the unit at the concentration noted below# a good cleaning %ob can be done with any one of the four following combinations of chemicals:

Trisodium phosphate &'a3()*12+2), "austic soda &'a)+, Trisodium phosphate &'a3()*12+2), "austic soda &'a)+, Trisodium phosphate &'a3()*12+2), "austic soda &'a)+, /oda ash &'a2")3, "austic soda &'a)+, /oda ash &'a2")3,

2-.. ppm 2-.. ppm -... ppm -.. ppm 1-.. ppm 1-.. ppm 1-.. ppm 3... ppm 3... ppm

BOILING OUT BY US O! BU"N "S /tart firing slowly. The steam pressure for boiling out is 3. --* bar minimum. )nce vapour is formed# the pressure should be reached slowly and at a minimum and consistent rate of firing. The boiler and each piece of the system# should be blown down at least once every 0 hours during boiling out. The total amount of water blown down should be e!uivalent of a difference in level of one half gage glass# divided e!ually between all main blow downs. 1f necessary# water should be added between the blow downs of individual valves to hold the level within safe limits. 2t the end of blow down# the water should be brought up to the normal wor ing level and replenished with chemicals to the proper concentration. 34perience indicates that 35 to *0 hours should be sufficient. The procedure should be continued until e4amination of water samples from blow down lines indicate that no foreign products are present.

#$I% $L #NING This procedure is to be used when rust or mill scale is nown to e4ist to a high degree in the boiler. 'ormally# acid cleaning will not be re!uired on new boilers. The procedures given below outlines one method which can be used on marine boilers. )ther methods are possible# such as cleaning with citric acid. #cid cleaning by any method should al&ays be performed under the guidance of an acid cleaning firm or specialist' (" (#"#TION "hemical cleaning temporary piping should be completed. Temporary thermocouples should be installed so that temperatures can be monitored at the following locations: 1. /team drum &if not permanently installed,. 2. 'ear the centre of the furnace wall. 3. )ne loser furnace wall header. 6ill the boiler with clear# filtered# preferably softened water. 6ire the boiler at a very low rate until boiler metal temperatures &as indicated by thermocouples, are in the range of 5.-7.8". #cid dosing) The chemical solvent used in this step is composed of the following: - 9 hydrochloric acid &+"1, ..- 9 ammonium biflouride &'+*6 .+6, ..1-..29 inhibitor 2d%ust water temperature to 5-8" with steam while running to waste. Begin in%ection of inhibited concentrated acid solvent &- 9 +"1, to boiler. 2d%ust steam supply to maintain a dilute acid solution of 5-8" at a thermowell downstream of the steam addition point. "ontinue to fill boiler until the level of acid solution is at the top of the glass. /top fill. $ait a few minutes and chec to see if level is stable. :et boiler soa for si4 &5, hours with acid solution. ;uring this period# flush chemical cleaning header to waste. 2t the completion of the soa period# close drum vents and drain boiler and economi<er under ..2 - ..3 bar nitrogen pressure to waste. ;uring the drain# collect a composite sample of the spent acid. 2t the completion of the drain# chec for complete drainage of the acid solution. "INSING )pen drum vents and fill the boiler and economi<er with clear# filtered# preferably softened water with a p+ of less than 0.. until a level is indicated in the temporary gage glass. "lose drum vents and drain the boiler and economi<er under nitrogen pressure as above to waste. )pen drum vents and operate the boiler feed pump to flush the boiler. "ontinue to fill the boiler through chemical cleaning header with water as indicated above until water is discharged at the drum vents. "lose drum vents and drain the steam drum under nitrogen to its midpoint. "lose drum vents and drain boiler under nitrogen to waste. "hec the p+ of the rinse water. 1f the p+ is less than -..# another rinse &fill and drain, is re!uired. 1f p+ is greater than -.. proceed to neutrali<e. =emove the temporary gage glass and prepare the unit for operation. N UT"#LI*#TION BOIL+OUT )pen drum vents and through the chemical cleaning header# pump into the boiler the dissolved concentration sodium carbonate which should be e!uivalent to ..--1..9 sodium carbonate when boiler is filled to normal firing level.

)perate boiler feed pump and continue to fill to normal firing level. 6ire the boiler until a minimum of > bar is reached. +old the > bar minimum pressure with intermittent firing for four hours. 2t the completion of the boil-out period# cool the unit to 1 bar and drain &nitrogen pressure not re!uired,. (#SSI,#TION $hile the unit is still hot# blend the concentrated sodium nitrite solution with condensate to obtain ..-percent sodium nitrite and fill the boiler and economi<er to ? the of steam drum. 2fter the unit has soa ed for appro4imately one &1, hour# drain the boiler and economi<er to waste &nitrogen pressure not re!uired,. INS( $TION #N% !LUS-ING $hen the boiler has cooled down# inspect the steam drum and remove scale or piles of iron o4ide present. Be sure that none of the foreign material is allowed to enter downcomers or connecting tubes. )pen the lower wall header and flush. =enew all boiler hand hole fittings installed. 1t might be well to point out the following precautions: 1. @nder no circumstances should the boiler be fired while the acid is in the unit. 2. Aents should be opened when the inhibited acid is in the unit. +ydrogen gas is evolved through the reaction of the acid and steel. 2void open flames or using electrical e!uipment that might produce a spar until it is certain that the hydrogen gas has been dispersed. 3. 'eutrali<ing boil-out chemicais should be stored in a dry place prior to use. *. +ave ade!uate protective clothing for men who are to handle and mi4 chemicals. The protective clothing should include goggles# rubber gloves# aprons etc.