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Freq Response

This document discusses frequency response analysis of different electronic circuit topologies. It covers topics like gain roll-off, pole identification, determining the 3dB frequency, intrinsic capacitances, open circuit time constants, dominant pole approximation, CS amplifiers, Miller's theorem, input and output impedance analysis, transit frequency, differential amplifier response, and capacitive vs direct coupling. The document provides equations and explanations for analyzing high frequency behavior of circuits.

Uploaded by

Kumar Avnish
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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60 views55 pages

Freq Response

This document discusses frequency response analysis of different electronic circuit topologies. It covers topics like gain roll-off, pole identification, determining the 3dB frequency, intrinsic capacitances, open circuit time constants, dominant pole approximation, CS amplifiers, Miller's theorem, input and output impedance analysis, transit frequency, differential amplifier response, and capacitive vs direct coupling. The document provides equations and explanations for analyzing high frequency behavior of circuits.

Uploaded by

Kumar Avnish
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Frequency Response

LECT-1, 2
Response in Frequency domain
High frequency analysis of different topologies

Gain Roll-off -Example

Pole Identification
A(s)= A
M
F
H(
s)

; A
M
= Low frequency gain

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2 1
2 1
1 1
1 1
) (
p p
z z
H
s s
s s
s F
e e
e e
Determining the 3-db Frequency
Pole Identification
in S
p
C R
1
1
= e
L D
p
C R
1
2
= e
( )( )
2
2
2 2
1
2
1 1
p p
D m
in
out
R g
V
V
e e e e + +
=
Intrinsic Capacitances
Intrinsic capacitances
Capacitance Identification
Open Circuit Time Constants for
determination of F
h

Dominant Pole Approximation

Accurate for systems with dominant pole

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2 1
2 1
1 1
1 1
) (
p p
z z
H
s s
s s
s F
e e
e e
CS Amplifier
Method 1-OCTC
Timeconstant 1:
Timeconstant 2:
) 0 || ( R R C L db

Time constant 3
Circuit with Floating Capacitor
Millers Theorem
Applicable when the impedance appear in parallel with the main signal
v
F
A
Z
Z

=
1
1
v
F
A
Z
Z
/ 1 1
2

=
CS Amplifier
Exact Analysis-Method 3

CS High frequency response
OCTC Method
1.

2
.
C
gs
R
s

3.





Miller
Approximation
Exact Analysis

C
db
R
D
C
gd
=R
D
Calculation of Zeros by intuition
Significance of RHS ,LHS zero
Order of network
Gain x Bandwidth =1 ;If Gain increases ,Bandwidth reduces
Input Impedance
) /( 1 || ; gs x in C Z Z =
Significance of Cgd

Transit Frequency(short circuit current gain)
GS
m
T
C
g
f = t 2
Transit frequency, f
T
, is defined as the frequency where the current gain from
input to output drops to 1.
Accurate Analysis

GS
m
T
C
g
f = t 2
ation Undersatur WLC C ox GS > = ) 3 / 2 ( ;
Frequency response
LECT-3
Source follower HF Response
C
L
is the total capacitance seen at the output node to ground






Neglecting Body effect and effects of r
o
By dominant pole approximation ,
Input impedance
C
GD
ignored initially

Input Impedance



At low frequencies ,

Satisfies Miller Approximation ???
At high frequencies

Negative
resistance
Output Impedance
At low frequencies


At high frequencies

Equivalent output impedance
Frequency response
LECT- 4
Common gate

Input impedance
Common gate analysis including effect of channel length modulation using
OCTC method
Cascode Stages
CS( Input impedance ) +CG(Speed supressing the miller effect)

Cascode Stages

Cascode stage with current source
Output Impedance
Differential Amplifier response
CM response with gm mismatch


s C r Zss p || ) / 1 ( 03 =
Presence of Zero in CMRR ; CMRR reduces
Differential Amplifier response

Frequency response
LECT-5
Differential Amplifier response
Differential Amplifier response

Differential Pair with active current mirror

) ) || /(( 1 1 L P N p C ro ro w =
E mP p C g w / 2 =
Presence of Zero by intution
Capacitive Coupling vs. Direct Coupling
Capacitive coupling, also known as AC coupling, passes AC signals from Y to X
while blocking DC contents.
Capacitive coupling technique allows independent bias conditions between stages
Capacitive Coupling

Direct Coupling

Typical Frequency Response
Lower Corner Upper Corner
Below W
h
,intrisic capacitors can be treated as open circuited
Below W
L
, the coupling and bypass capacitors cannot be treated as short
At midband frequencies ,coupling and bypass capacitors can be considered as short & intrinsic capacitors as
open

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